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International Journal of Innovative Research and Knowledge Volume-6 Issue-5, May 2021
International Journal of Innovative Research and Knowledge Volume-6 Issue-5, May 2021 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE ISSN-2213-1356 www.ijirk.com A HISTORY OF CONFLICT BETWEEN NYARIBARI AND KITUTU SUB-CLANS AT KEROKA IN NYAMIRA AND KISII COUNTIES, KENYA, 1820 - 2017 Samuel Benn Moturi (MA-History), JARAMOGI OGINGA ODINGA, UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY GESIAGA SECONDARY SCHOOL, P.O Box 840-40500 Nyamira-Kenya Dr. Isaya Oduor Onjala (PhD-History), JARAMOGI OGINGA ODINGA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, P.O Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya Dr. Fredrick Odede (PhD-History), JARAMOGI OGINGA ODINGA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, P.O Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya ABSTRACT A lot of research done on conflict and disputes between communities, nations and organized groups across the globe. Little, however done on conflicts involving smaller groups are within larger communities. The overall image that emerges, therefore, is that conflicts and disputes only occur between communities, nations, and specially organized groups, a situation which is not fully correct, as far as the occurrence of conflict is concerned. This study looked at a unique situation of conflict between Nyaribari and Kitutu who share the same origin, history and cultural values yet have been engaged in conflict since the 19th century. The purpose of this study was to trace the history of the Sweta Clan and relationship between Nyaribari and Kitutu sub-clans. Examine the nature, source and impact of the disputes among the Sweta at Keroka town and its environ, which www.ijirk.com 57 | P a g e International Journal of Innovative Research and Knowledge ISSN-2213-1356 forms the boundary between the two groups and discuss the strategies employed to cope with conflicts and disputes between the two parties. -
UCLA Ufahamu: a Journal of African Studies
UCLA Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies Title Ethnicity, Community Relations and Civil Society in Contemporary Kenya: Trends and Field Experiences Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7jv2n01g Journal Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies, 29(2-3) ISSN 0041-5715 Author Murunga, Godwin R. Publication Date 2003 DOI 10.5070/F7292-3016548 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Ethnicity, Community Relations and Civil Society in Contemporary Kenya: Trends and Field Experien ces Godwin R. Murunga Abstract Taking the conflicts that engulfed Kenya in the 1990s as key indicators of relations within the wider sphere of human social interaction, this essay tries to re-emphasize the centrality of the notion of community as a neutral location where identities ought, under normal circumstances, to harmoniously interact. By emphasizing this centrality of harmony, the essay proceeds to examine those aspects of the process of democratization in Kenya that may have easily lent themselves to political abuse, at times generating conflict between ethnic groups. The study offers a general reflection on the pitfalls of democratization in Kenya with specific reference to five key areas that could constitute points of intervention. They include the role of the ethnicity of the occupant of the presidency; land, resource allocation and ethnicity, intra ethn,ic histories and democratization~ personality worship and democracy, and the role of ciuil society in conflict resolution. Each of these key areas reflects tendencies associated with either one or more of four ethnic groups purposely targeted for this study. The baseline connection of these five elements rest on how each one or a combination of them facilitated or inhibited the process of democratization in Kenya. -
An Evaluation of the Science System in Kenya
AN EVALUATION OF THE SCIENCE SYSTEM IN KENYA Agnes Omulyebi Lutomiah Thesis submitted to Stellenbosch University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Science and Technology Studies in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Supervisor: Professor Johann Mouton Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration By submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated) that production and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entire or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. March 2020 Copyright © 2020 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved i Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Abstract Evaluation of science systems has been on the increase in the recent past following government calls for accountability of the public investment in research development. The government and other funders also call for the evaluation of science for decision making on the amounts to invest in research development. This study set out to conduct an evaluation of the Kenyan science system. Using a case study research design, the study combined standard research and development indicators, bibliometric data, survey data and interview data to evaluate Kenya’s research investment, research capacity and research performance – research output, research collaboration, and citation impact. The standard research and development indicators revealed minimal investment in research development in Kenya, an investment that is still below the government’s target of investing about 1-2% of GDP to research and development. -
The Emerging National Culture of Kenya: Decolonizing Modernity
Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective Volume 2 Number 2 Special Issue on Kenya and the Kenyan Article 8 Diaspora June 2010 The meE rging National Culture of Kenya: Decolonizing Modernity Olubayi Olubayi Rutgers University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/jgi Part of the African Studies Commons, Place and Environment Commons, Politics and Social Change Commons, Race and Ethnicity Commons, and the Sociology of Culture Commons This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Recommended Citation Olubayi, Olubayi (2010) "The meE rging National Culture of Kenya: Decolonizing Modernity," Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective: Vol. 2 : No. 2 , Article 8. Available at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/jgi/vol2/iss2/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of Global Initiatives 2(2) (2007). pp. 222-237 The Emerging National Culture of Kenya: Decolonizing Modernity Olubayi Olubayi Abstract Kenya exists as a legitimate nation state that is recognized by the United Nations and by other countries. This paper is an exploration of, and a response to, the following two questions: "Is there a national culture ofKenya?" and "what is the relationship between the national culture ofKenya and the 50 ethnic cultures of Kenya?" The evidence indicates that a distinct national culture of Kenya has emerged and continues to grow stronger as it simultaneously borrows from, reorganizes, and lends to, the 50 ancient ethnic cultures of Kenya. -
Jaramogi Oginga Odinga: the Man Kenya Can Never Forget,Once Upon a Dome,Handshake Manenos!,Handcheque Part II,Tinga!,Three Wise
Jaramogi Oginga Odinga: The Man Kenya Can Never Forget By Dauti Kahura and Bethuel Oduo If Thomas Joseph (TJ) Mboya was the young man that Kenya wanted to forget, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga is the grand old man who Kenya can never forget. Jaramogi and Tom Mboya were both were nationalists of great distinction from the Luo community who as seasoned politicians posed a threat to the founding president Jomo Kenyatta’s autocratic national designs. Tom Mboya died young, by an assassin’s bullet, on July 5, 1969. Jaramogi died an old man, a mzee, at the age of 82 years on January 20, 1994, after having been tormented by both Kenyatta and Daniel arap Moi regimes effectively from 1969 after his fall out with Kenyatta and through the 80s and 90s during iron-fisted Moi’s reign. Jaramogi Oginga Odinga death anniversary on January 20th, twenty-five years since his passing, was marked quietly in a manner that diminishes his immense contribution to the Kenyan national project. If Thomas Joseph (TJ) Mboya was the young man that Kenya wanted to forget, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga is the grand old man who Kenya can never forget No history book on Kenya would be complete without his mention. Jaramogi was the vice president of the nationalist party Kanu when Kenya African Union (Kau) merged with Kenya Independent Movement to form Kanu on May 14, 1960. He was later to become the country’s first Vice President, after Kanu won the 1963 general elections under Kenyatta. When his friend Pio Gama Pinto was killed in 1965, Jaramogi knew he was a targeted man because of his ideological position. -
1 Birthing Radical Selves
1 Birthing Radical Selves The Making of a Scholar-Activist This chapter chronicles Wangari Muta Maathai’s experiential his- tory with the topics engaged in the rest of the book—environmental management and justice, critical feminisms, democratic spaces, and globalization and global governance systems. It is my hope that the reader will gain a degree of appreciation for the events and journeys that molded Maathai and shaped her politics and critical thinking. Through the seasons of her life, I recount the advent of her activist and scholarly identities, selves, and roles. I draw her narrative primar- ily from her memoir, interviews, and media reports and meld it with Kenyan and global histories of the different seasons of her scholarship and activism. Wangari Muta was born on April 1, 1940, in the village of Ihithe, Nyeri, in the central highlands of what was then British Kenya, to peasant farmers Muta Njugi and Wanjiru Muta, who were members of the Gikuyu ethnic group (Maathai 2007a, 3–4). She was the third of six children and the first daughter of her biological mother. Her earli- est memories on record are mostly connected to experiences with her mother, with whom she was very close. Growing up in a polygamous family, she remembered the four mothers living mostly in harmony and being supportive of each other, although she acknowledged the existence of some dissonance in the family and that her father beat his wives (19). Nevertheless, she reflected on her childhood with un- mistakable nostalgia. Her earliest memories place her family resid- ing and working on a farm in Nakuru belonging to a settler named Mr. -
1842 KMS Kenya Past and Present Issue 41
Kenya Past and Present Issue 41 DRY ASSOCIATES LTD Investment Group Kenya offers unique financial opportunities for enhancing your economic landscape … focusing may be a problem. At Dry Associates Ltd. we take pride in focusing on these financial opportunities for our corporate and individual clients. Specialists in • Private Wealth Management •Issuance of Fixed Income Securities DRY ASSOCIATES HOUSE Brookside Grove, Westlands, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 (20) 445-0520/1 +254 (20) 234-9651 Mobile(s): +254 (0) 705 799 971/705 849 429/ 738 253 811 www.dryassociates.com Kenya Past and Present Issue 41, 2014 Contents KMS highlights 2013 ...................................................................................... 3 Patricia Jentz Museum highlights 2013 ................................................................................5 Sharon Kyungu A journey through time: The National Museums of Kenya permanent art collection ...............................................................................11 Lydia Gatundu Galavu Kanga: Stories in the cloth ............................................................................17 Lydia Nafula Tracking the wild dogs of Laikipia ............................................................... 21 Teeku Patel WWII: Kenya’s forgotten Italian connection ............................................... 27 Aldo Manos The rediscovery of Makupa Fort ..................................................................34 Hans-Martin Sommer The return of Joy Adamson ..........................................................................42 -
Kenyatta and Odinga: the Harbingers of Ethnic Nationalism in Kenya by Dr
Global Journal of HUMAN-SOCIAL SCIENCE: D History Archaeology & Anthropology Volume 14 Issue 3 Version 1.0 Year 2014 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-460x & Print ISSN: 0975-587X Kenyatta and Odinga: The Harbingers of Ethnic Nationalism in Kenya By Dr. Paul Abiero Opondo Moi University, Kenya Abstract- The paper traces the political problems that Kenya currently faces particularly the country’s inability to construct a united national consciousness, historical relationships that unfolded between the country’s foremost founders, Jomo Kenyatta and Oginga Odinga and the consequences of their political differences and subsequent-fallout in the 1960s. The fall-out saw Kenyatta increasingly consolidating power around himself and a group of loyalists from the Kikuyu community while Odinga who was conceptualized as the symbolic representative of the Luo community was confined to the wilderness of politics. This paper while applying the primordial and essentialist conceptual framework recognizes the determinant role that the two leaders played in establishing the foundations for post-independent Kenya. This is especially true with respect to the negative consequences that their differing perspectives on Kenyan politics bequeathed the country, especially where the evolution of negative ethnicity is concerned. As a result of their discordant political voices in the political arena, there were cases of corruption, the killing of innocent Kenyans in Kisumu in 1969, political assassinations of T J Mboya, Pio Gama Pinto and J M Kariuki among others as this paper argues. GJHSS-D Classification : FOR Code: 160699 KenyattaandOdingaTheHarbingersofEthnicNationalisminKenya Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: © 2014. -
Subsistence Farming Activities and Food Sustainability in East Alego Location, Siaya County Kenya Crop Production and Food Sustainability
ISSN (Online) 2393-8021 IARJSET ISSN (Print) 2394-1588 International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 7, Issue 4, April 2020 Subsistence Farming Activities and Food Sustainability in East Alego Location, Siaya County Kenya Crop Production and Food Sustainability Oduor, T. A1, Otieno, A. C2, & Tonui, K. W3 Department of Geography and Social Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology - P. O. Box 24, Ngiya, Kenya1 Department of Geography and Social Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 210-40601, Bondo, Kenya2 Correspondence: Oduor, T., A Abstract: A lot of intervention measures have been put in place to curb the challenges faced by peasants practicing subsistence farming. However, most households still experience food unsustainability. Subsistence farmers of East Alego location, Siaya County, where the study was conducted practice subsistence farming all the year round. Even though the area is endowed with natural conditions favorable for crop production, but most households experience food unsustainability. The main objective of the study was to determine the effects of subsistence farming activities on food sustainability. Descriptive research design was used together with research instruments such as observations, interview schedules and administration of questionnaires. The study adopted stratified sampling technique and simple random sampling design with a sample size of 327 households out of 2381 targeted farm households in the study area. Data from the field was analyzed using measures of central tendencies such as mean, mode and median. Frequencies and percentages were also used to present data using tables, pie charts, bar graphs, line graphs and photographs. -
6626 ISS Paper 232.Indd
FEBRUARY 2012 No. 232 Institute for Security Studies PAPER Kenya’s new constitution and confl ict transformation ABSTRACT technical and financial support for the implementing The infamous 2007/8 post-election violent conflict that institutions and the continued engagement of all Kenyans engulfed Kenya and attracted global attention was by no in ensuring the spirit of the constitution is preserved in its means unprecedented. Indeed, the country’s history implementation. includes episodes of violent conflict, some of the causes of which are still unresolved. A repeated failure to address the INTRODUCTION root causes of these violent conflicts has occasioned their The violent conflict that followed the 2007 elections took reoccurrence and further entrenched their underlying Kenya by storm. Pockets of violent conflict spread rapidly factors, such as impunity, weak accountability in across the country. Perpetrators included state and governance, corruption, politicised ethnicity, inequitable non-state actors alike. What began as a reaction to a resource distribution, poverty and marginalisation. The contested election quickly degenerated into a violent Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process, which conflict whose root causes predate the election crisis. This ended the 2007–2008 post-election violence (PEV), was not the first instance of violent conflict in Kenya since considered in its fourth agenda item long-term issues and its independence. Violent conflict has previously solutions to address the root causes of conflict that have manifested itself as political violence; resource-based led to episodic violence in Kenya, and made proposals for conflict, such as land conflicts and cattle rustling; and extensive reforms. Constitutional reform is the foundation identity-based conflict linked closely to politics and supporting other legal and institutional reforms to tackle economics. -
La Diffusion Des Plantes Américaines Dans La Région Des Grands Lacs
Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review 52 | 2019 La diffusion des plantes américaines dans la région des Grands Lacs Approches générale et sous-régionale, l’Ouest kényan Dissemination of the American Plants in the Great Lakes Region: General and Sub-Regional Approaches, the Western Kenya Elizabeth Vignati et Christian Thibon (dir.) Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/eastafrica/452 Éditeur IFRA - Institut Français de Recherche en Afrique Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 mars 2019 ISSN : 2071-7245 Référence électronique Elizabeth Vignati et Christian Thibon (dir.), Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review, 52 | 2019, « La diffusion des plantes américaines dans la région des Grands Lacs » [En ligne], mis en ligne le 07 mai 2019, consulté le 25 septembre 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/eastafrica/452 Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review La diffusion des plantes américaines dans la région des Grands Lacs Approches générale et sous-régionale, l’Ouest kényan Dissemination of the American Plants in the Great Lakes Region General and Sub-Regional Approaches, the Western Kenya 2019 © IFRA 2019 Les Cahiers d’Afrique de 1’Est / The East African Review n° 52, 2019 Chief Editor: Marie-Aude Fouéré Deputy Director: Chloé Josse-Durand Guest Editor: Elizabeth Vignati Editorial secretary: Bastien Miraucourt Cartographer: Valérie Alfaurt Avis L’IFRA n’est pas responsable des prises de position des auteurs. L’objectif des Cahiers est de diffuser des informations sur des travaux de recherche ou documents, sur lesquels le lecteur exercera son esprit critique. -
KENYA Political Crackdown Intensifies
May 2, 1990 KENYA Political Crackdown Intensifies In the last few weeks, scores of people have been arrested, questioned or threatened with arrest in Kenya. A priest charged with printing two "seditious" entries in his private desk diary has been sentenced to six years in prison in a brief "trial" where he was denied access to legal counsel, despite the presence in court of his lawyer. He has issued a long statement detailing the physical and psychological abuse he was subjected in order to sign a "confession". A former university lecturer and political prisoner released in February 1989 has fled the country after heavily armed riot policemen ransacked his home. Security officers have visited the offices of a prominent human rights lawyer and of the editor of an outspoken magazine. Both have issued strong public statements in which they expressed their fear of imminent arrest. A lawyer of Somali origin who publicly criticized the recent decision to screen all Kenyans of Somali origin and who refused to be screened has been interrogated by the security police for offences which he says do not exist under Kenyan law. He has issued public statements challenging the authorities to withdraw or substantiate the alleged offences. Politicians criticized as insufficiently "loyal" have been dismissed or are under attack. Many other former politicians, former senior government officials and private citizens have been arrested for brief periods and interrogated. A number of them were publicly insulted by President Moi and other senior politicians. The government forced the cancellation of a conference organized by the Law Society of Kenya, apparently on the basis that some of the papers to be presented were "subversive".