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TITRE De L'étude CARTOGRAPHIE FINE ET CONTINUE DE LA QUALITE SONORE DES LIEUX ET DES PARCOURS DANS L'ESPACE URBAIN GRAFIC Rapport d’opération de recherche En partenariat avec : Cartographie fine et continue de la qualité sonore des lieux et des parcours dans l’espace urbain p. 1 REMERCIEMENTS Pilote du projet Laboratoire MRTE Université de Cergy Pontoise: Responsable scientifique Catherine LAVANDIER, en collaboration avec Pierre AUMOND ingénieur de recherche. Sous-contractant UGENT: Responsable scientifique Dick BOTTELDOOREN en collaboration avec Bert DE COENSEL, avec la participation de Talis VERTRIEST et de Michiel BOES. Partenaire IFSTTAR: Responsable scientifique Arnaud CAN, en collaboration avec Pierre AUMOND, Guiral DESNOS et Sven MICHEL. Partenaire BRUITPARIF: Responsable scientifique Fanny MIETLICKI, en collaboration avec Carlos RIBEIRO et Matthieu SINEAU, avec la participation de Philippe NGUYEN et Olivier GENRET. Soutien de la MAIRIE de PARIS avec Kevin IBTATEN et Philippe MERCIER Collaboration hors cadre du financement ADEME avec Damien MASSON et Victor SANTONI de l’Université de Cergy Pontoise et F. MASSON et B. LEANDRO de l’Université Tres de Febrero en Argentine. CITATION DE CE RAPPORT C. LAVANDIER, P. AUMOND, A. CAN, B. DE COENSEL, D. BOTTELDOOREN, C. RIBEIRO, 2017, Cartographie fine et continue de la qualité sonore des lieux et des parcours dans l’espace urbain, 87 pages. Cet ouvrage est disponible en ligne www.ademe.fr/mediatheque Toute représentation ou reproduction intégrale ou partielle faite sans le consentement de l’auteur ou de ses ayants droit ou ayants cause est illicite selon le Code de la propriété intellectuelle (art. L 122-4) et constitue une contrefaçon réprimée par le Code pénal. Seules sont autorisées (art. 122-5) les copies ou reproductions strictement réservées à l’usage privé de copiste et non destinées à une utilisation collective, ainsi que les analyses et courtes citations justifiées par le caractère critique, pédagogique ou d’information de l’œuvre à laquelle elles sont incorporées, sous réserve, toutefois, du respect des dispositions des articles L 122-10 à L 122-12 du même Code, relatives à la reproduction par reprographie. Ce document est diffusé par l’ADEME 20, avenue du Grésillé BP 90406 | 49004 Angers Cedex 01 Numéro de contrat : 13 17 C 0028 Cartographie fine et continue de la qualité sonore des lieux et des parcours dans l’espace urbain p. 2 Table des matières 1. Contexte et objectifs du projet ................................................................................................................... 6 2. Plan de la recherche et coordination .......................................................................................................... 7 2.1. Programme de travail .................................................................................................................. 7 2.2. Tâche de coordination SP0 .......................................................................................................... 8 2.3. Publications .................................................................................................................................. 9 3. Acquisition des mesures : SP1 ..................................................................................................................... 9 3.1. T1.1: Stockage des données du réseau de mesures .................................................................. 10 3.1.1.Fixed measurement stations ............................................................................................ 10 3.1.2.Mobile measurement stations .......................................................................................... 12 3.1.3.Acoustic indicators ............................................................................................................ 13 3.2. T1.2 Déploiement du réseau de capteurs .................................................................................. 15 3.2.1.Le territoire d’étude ......................................................................................................... 15 3.2.2.Le réseau de stations de mesures fixes du bruit .............................................................. 16 3.2.3.Logistique et maintenance ............................................................................................... 18 3.2.4.Diffusion et stockage des données de mesures fixes ....................................................... 19 3.2.5.Réalisation des mesures mobiles ...................................................................................... 19 4. Collecte des données perceptives: SP2 ..................................................................................................... 20 4.1. Etude des changements d'ambiance sonore in situ (T2.1) ........................................................ 20 4.1.1.Méthodologie ................................................................................................................... 20 4.1.1.1.Zone d’étude .......................................................................................................... 20 4.1.1.2.Description détaillée du parcours .......................................................................... 22 4.1.1.3.Questionnaire ........................................................................................................ 23 4.1.2.Evaluation des situations sonores .................................................................................... 23 4.1.2.1.Comparaison entre Cart_ASUR et GRAFIC ............................................................. 23 4.1.2.2.Variabilité entre les participants et les passages ................................................... 25 4.1.2.3.Analyse des données perceptives .......................................................................... 26 4.1.2.4.Analyses des données physiques ........................................................................... 27 4.1.2.5.Influence de la direction d’arrivée ......................................................................... 28 4.1.3. Evaluation des parcours sonores entre deux situations ................................................. 29 4.1.4. Evaluation globale des trois trajets ................................................................................. 30 Cartographie fine et continue de la qualité sonore des lieux et des parcours dans l’espace urbain p. 3 4.1.5. Parcours commentés ....................................................................................................... 32 4.1.6. Conclusion sur les évaluations des situations et des parcours sonores in situ ............... 32 4.2. Etude des changements d'ambiance sonore en laboratoire (T2.2) ........................................... 32 4.2.1. Experience n°1 stimuli uniquement audio ...................................................................... 32 4.2.2. Expérience n°2 stimuli audio-visuels ............................................................................... 34 4.2.3. Influence des conditions expérimentales ........................................................................ 36 5. Représentations cartographiques (SP3): ................................................................................................... 38 5.1. T3.1 Modélisation de la qualité sonore ..................................................................................... 38 5.1.1. Modèle de l’agrément sonore en un point du parcours ................................................. 39 5.1.1.1.Modèles perceptifs ................................................................................................ 39 5.1.1.2.Modèles physiques ................................................................................................ 39 5.1.1.3.Application de ces modèles dans un contexte cartographique ............................. 40 5.1.1.4.Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 41 5.1.2. Modèle de l’agrément sonore global du parcours .......................................................... 41 5.1.2.1.Trajets très courts (~1 minute) .............................................................................. 42 5.1.2.2.Trajets médians (3 minutes) .................................................................................. 42 5.1.2.3.Trajets longs (> 10 minutes) ................................................................................... 43 5.1.2.4.Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 44 5.2. Cartographie des grandeurs physiques à partir des mesures collectées (T3.2) ........................ 44 5.2.1. Partie 1 : Correction des données géo-référencées ........................................................ 45 5.2.2. Partie 2 : Comparaison entre mesures fixes et mobiles .................................................. 46 5.2.2.1.Contexte ................................................................................................................. 46 5.2.2.2.Représentativité spatiale des mesures mobiles .................................................... 47 5.2.2.3.Représentativité temporelle des mesures mobiles ............................................... 48 5.2.3. Partie 3 : Relations entre indicateurs acoustiques .......................................................... 53 5.2.3.1.Régression linéaire ................................................................................................. 53 5.2.3.2.Relations
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