FACES AND PLACES
Antonino Zichichi, left, hands the Science for Peace Erice Prize to the former federal chancellor of Germany, Helmut Kohl, right, with the president of the European Parliament, Hans-Gert Pöttering, centre. The ceremony was held in Strasbourg on 23 October. (Courtesy Photo Service European Parliament.)
a w a r d s Helmut Kohl receives Erice peace prize for his promotion of science
Helmut Kohl, Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev Kohl, the former federal chancellor of collaboration following the fall of the Berlin and Pope John Paul II are the 2007 laureates Germany, received his prize on 23 October Wall, which allowed the countries of Central of the Science for Peace Erice Prize. at a ceremony at the European Parliament Europe to join CERN. This prize was instituted in 1988 by the in Strasbourg, organized by the parliament’s In his speech, Kohl reviewed the long Sicilian parliament at the request of the president, Hans-Gert Pöttering. Zichichi journey from 1945 to German reunification World Federation of Scientists (WFS) on the praised the value of scientific and cultural and to the present. He underlined the role occasion of the 25th anniversary of the Ettore activities in an address at the ceremony, of Pope John Paul II, and that of Gorbachev Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific entitled: “Neither science nor civilisation and other political leaders, in overcoming Culture (EMFCSC). The prize is awarded could exist without memory”. He outlined barriers to allow Europe to become free to world leaders in science and scientific the role of the WFS in analysing global and enlarged. He encouraged the European culture, and to those who have played an emergencies and emphasized the parliamentarians to continue their efforts to essential role in promoting and implementing importance of political leaders to promote progress steadily in building a democratic the goals outlined in the Erice Statement: science for peace and progress. He also Europe and to promote international scientific Science for Peace, written in 1982 by Paul described the roles of the Erice Centre and collaboration worldwide. Dirac, Pyotr Kapitza and Antonino Zichichi, CERN. In the spirit of the Erice Statement, ● For more information about the WFS, see the current president of the EMFCSC. Kohl helped promote international scientific www.federationofscientists.org/WFSHist.asp.
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Italian Physical Society honours discoveries on weak interactions Milla Baldo-Ceolin, Ettore Fiorini and Italo Mannelli have won the 2007 Enrico Fermi prize from the Italian Physical Society. The award is for their fundamental contributions to the experimental study of weak interactions, in particular at CERN. Baldo-Ceolin, of the University of Padua, receives the prize for her early studies on K-mesons, in particular for her experimental evidence of K0 as a mixture of K0 and – L K0, and for the measurement of the mass 0 0 difference KS–KL. In addition, her further Left to right: Italo Mannelli, Franco Bassani studies on neutrino physics (e.g. on neutral (president of the Italian Physical Society), Milla Fiorini, absent from the ceremony, receives the current interactions in muon-neutrino and Baldo-Ceolin and theoretician Luigi Radicati prize for contributions to the discovery of weak antineutrino scattering off electrons with di Brozolo at the ceremony. (Courtesy André Martin.) neutral currents. (Courtesy CUORE Collaboration.) the NUE experiment at the PS) provided an essential step towards the initial confirmation Standard Model. The prize also recognizes violation in K-meson weak decays in the of electroweak unification. other work by Fiorini, including early studies NA31 and NA48 experiments at the SPS. Fiorini, of the University of Milan Bicocca, on atmospheric and solar neutrinos with This almost imperceptible but basic effect receives the prize for contributing to the the underground experiments NUSEX at of symmetry violation has enormous discovery of weak neutral currents using Mont Blanc and GALLEX at Gran Sasso. consequences for particle physics and the Gargamelle bubble chamber exposed Mannelli, of the Scuola Normale cosmology. The foundations of Mannelli’s to neutrino and antineutrino beams from Superiore, Pisa, receives his share of the work on CP violation extends back to his the PS. This finding paved the way for the prize for his outstanding contribution to first experimental studies on parity violation unconfutable success of the electroweak the demonstration of direct CP symmetry in Λ0 weak decays.
laboratories develop a new Nuclotron-based Ion Collider JINR looks to its Facility at JINR’s Nuclotron accelerator. Sissakian also informed those at the future programme session about a conference, “Innovation Activity in Special Economic Zones [SEZ]. The latest session of the Committee of Public–Private Partnership Technology”, held Plenipotentiaries of the member-state in Dubna on 15–16 November 2007. This governments of JINR took place in Dubna, was the first event to discuss the SEZ “core”. Russia, on 27–28 November. JINR’s director Sissakian also noted that having established Alexei Sissakian presented his report on an SEZ in Dubna, JINR would have a very “Activities at JINR in 2007 and basic trends profitable scheme for the application of for strategic development of the Institute”. JINR’s director, Alexei Sissakian, left, and the scientific ideas in commodities production. In addition to summing up the results of Russian Federation’s minister of science and Introducing the general discussion, Andrei the institute’s activities in 2007, Sissakian education, Andrei Fursenko, at the exhibition of Fursenko, plenipotentiary of Russia to JINR, took the opportunity to cast a glance JINR’s achievements in innovation. (Courtesy JINR.) said: “All the reports presented today are towards 2008 and beyond in the context of aimed at the process of development, a new the “roadmap” – the strategic programme and condensed-matter physics – he noted gulp of breath for Dubna – the centre that for development at JINR in fundamental the success in the “home” experimental is and will be among leading world centres. science, innovation and education. Speaking programme. He also spoke about the We will, and I say it as a minister, support the about the main scientific trends at the advanced plans for upgrading the basic development of JINR, both in innovation and institute – particle physics, nuclear physics facilities at JINR and the programme to fundamental trends.”
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appointments particle astrophysics and cosmology, will Persis Drell takes ensure frontier science from the laboratory for decades to come,” said Drell on her the helm at SLAC appointment. “My goal as director is to position the laboratory to make a smooth transition to Persis Drell has become the fourth director these exciting future scientific programmes of SLAC in the laboratory’s 45-year history, and continue the tradition of outstanding stepping into the shoes of Wolfgang Panofsky, scientific achievement at the lab.” Since Burton Richter and most recently, Jonathan then, she has already had to confront a major Dorfan. She has held a series of senior funding crisis in the US (see p6). positions at SLAC since 2002 and has served Drell has a long association with SLAC, as acting director from September 2007. Stanford and the DoE. As a physics professor Drell’s directorship is the result of an at Cornell for 14 years, she studied the international search by a committee appointed bottom and charm quarks to measure by John Hennessy, president of Stanford the parameters of the weak interaction. University, which operates SLAC on behalf She also served as the deputy director of of the US Department of Energy (DoE). The Drell joined SLAC in 2002. (Courtesy SLAC.) Cornell’s Laboratory of Nuclear Studies committee began its work in March 2007, and as chair of the Synchrotron Radiation when Dorfan announced his plan to step down. injector for the world’s first X-ray free electron Committee. She joined SLAC in 2002 as SLAC’s activities have gradually changed laser, the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), a professor and associate director for the with the times since 1962, when the laboratory currently under construction. “The science research division, becoming a deputy director was built to house the world’s longest electron delivered by LCLS, along with programmes for SLAC and director for particle and particle accelerator. The linac is now to become the in particle physics, photon science and astrophysics in 2005. The cerncourier.com website is here!
Your free online resource for articles from the print magazine, covering worldwide developments in particle physics, scientific computing and other related areas. cerncourier.com
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c o n f e r e n c e Slovakia hosts successful unified conference on hadron structure
Conference participants pose for the traditional photo. Hadron Structure ’07 attracted around 50 physicists from 13 countries. (Courtesy S Dubnicka.)
Around 50 physicists from 13 countries Comenius University in Bratislava, the Model at the Tevatron and ATLAS at the LHC; participated in the latest Middle European P J Safarik University in Kos˘ice, the Institute results on ϕ radiative decays into scalar Hadron Structure Conference, held last year of Experimental Physics of the Slovak and pseudoscalar mesons at the KLOE in Slovakia. This conference series goes Academy of Sciences in Kos˘ice and the experiment at DAΦNE; new results from the back 35 years; the first meeting was held Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute. The NA48/2 experiment at CERN; the research in 1973 at Smolenice Castle, Slovakia. It conference took place on 3–7 September at programme of the NIS–GIBS spectrometer at arose from the earlier well known Vienna– the Comenius University Study and Congress the JINR Nuclotron; heavy-quark production Budapest–Bratislava “triangle meetings”, Centre in Modra-Harmonia, some 35 km at HERA; top and electroweak results organized in the late 1960s. Now it has come north of Bratislava, at the foot of the Little from the Tevatron; diffraction and vector together with the Hadron Structure and QCD Carpathian Mountains. It was also supported meson production at HERA; antibaryon to Conferences organized by the Petersburg by JINR in Dubna, the German Physical baryon production ratios at LHC energies; Nuclear Physics Institute of the Russian Society and the Slovak Physical Society. jet studies with the H1 experiment; results Academy of Sciences in Gatchina, which From the start, the Hadron Structure from the HERMES experiment; and pion were previously held in Repino (2004) and Conferences consisted of presentations of polarizabilities in COMPASS. St Petersburg (2005). This “unification” was invited lectures and short communications, Hadron Structure Conferences will be agreed and unambiguously welcomed by mixed with theoretical talks and organized every year; the odd years in the more than 30 particle-physics authorities experimental reviews. Hadron Structure ’07 Slovak Republic, and in St Petersburg around the world after being first proposed by was no exception, with presentations and its surroundings on the even years. the physicists at Gatchina. of new results from almost all of the The Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Hadron Structure ’07, the first of the experimental centres around the world, is already planning Hadron Structure ’08, “unified” Hadron Structure International including Brookhaven, CERN, the DAΦNE scheduled for the second half of June 2008. Conferences, was organized by the Institute facility at Frascati, DESY, Dubna, Fermilab ● Contributions to the conference are to be of Physics of the Slovak Academy of and Protvino. The programme included: published in an upcoming special issue of Sciences in Bratislava together with the talks on the Higgs and beyond the Standard Fizika B (Zagreb).
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ULTRA LOW TEMPERATURE Georgian physics conference CONTROLLER provides a warm welcome
OPTIMIZED FOR Georgia’s capital Tbilisi is probably best known to particle physicists as the host city He3 SYSTEMS of the 1976 International Conference on High Energy Physics, in the Rochester Conference series. What is perhaps less well known is that MODEL 42 & 44 since then, Georgia has matured to become an enthusiastic player in both experimental and theoretical particle physics, as the 4th International Conference on Physics at the Future Colliders revealed. This biannual conference, held most recently in 2007 at Tbilisi’s I Javakhishvili State University on 22–26 October, aims s 4EMPERATURE RANGE DOWN to bring the community of Georgian particle physicists together with international TO M+ representatives, with an emphasis on the s #OMPLETE SOLUTION FOR (E participation of physicists working at JINR in Dubna and at CERN. Under the substantial REFRIGERATORS support of the Ministry of Education and s &OUR OR 4WO MULTIPURPOSE Science of Georgia and the university Gia Dvali during his presentation entitled “Black administration, some 60 conference holes at the LHC”. (Courtesy University of Tbilisi.) INPUT CHANNELS SUPPORT participants attended from Armenia, Austria, $IODE 24$ AND CRYOGENIC Azerbaijan, the Czech Republic, Finland, himself busily giving interviews and answering RESISTIVE SENSORS Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Russia, the UK and questions from journalists. the US – resulting in informative and lively The conference was complemented by a s $UAL INDEPENDENT CONTROL scientifi c discussions. noteworthy social programme that included LOOPS FEATURING A 7ATT While several review talks highlighted a fl avour of Georgia’s rich cultural heritage, AND A 7ATT LINEAR recent achievements in fi elds as diverse as which dates back to several thousand years HEATER OUTPUTS neutrino physics, energy production and BC. The contrast between the newly built transmutation in subcritical nuclear fi ssion Cathedral of the Holy Trinity in the centre of s &AIL SAFE CRYOSTAT OVER reactors and black holes at the LHC, the Tbilisi and the impressive preserved remains TEMPERATURE PROTECTION conference’s main focus was on reports on of the ancient city Uplistsikhe, entirely the readiness for physics at the LHC, due to carved out of rock, will long remain in the s %4(%2.%4 REMOTE INTERFACE start operating in 2008. The local authorities memory of many participants. Even stronger IN ADDITION TO 23 AND noted with satisfaction the strong involvement memories will remain in the minds of foreign )%%% '0)" of Georgian teams in the construction visitors of the warm welcome and Georgian ,AB6)%7 DRIVERS AVAILABLE of the ATLAS and CMS detectors. It also hospitality, which spared no effort despite stimulated reports by local news media, and the diffi culties that Georgia faces on its path the conference chair, Djemal Khubua, found towards a bright and prosperous future.
MEETING
The 3rd CERN–Fermilab Hadron Collider and experimentalists alike are encouraged to Physics Summer School will be held on apply. Applications and references should be 12–22 August at the Fermi National received no later than 29 February. SALES CRYOCONCOM Accelerator Laboratory. The target audience For more information, see http://hcpss. www.cryocon.com for the school is young postdocs and fnal.gov/hcpss08; or contact Cynthia advanced graduate students with a strong Sazama, fax +1 630 840 4102; or e-mail interest in hadron-collider physics. Theorists [email protected].
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VISITS
Senior vice-minister of the Commission of Science Technology and Industry for the National Defence of China, Chen Qiufa, centre, visited CERN on 1–2 November. He toured the AntiMatter Spectrometer detector with spokesperson, Samuel Ting, left, and a staff member of the Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation (Taichung) in a special cleanroom for this space-qualified detector.
Ronald Plasterk, centre, minister of On 14 November, CERN held a meeting of education, culture and science from the EIROforum, the partnership of Europe’s largest Netherlands visited CERN on 25 October intergovernmental research organizations. and toured the LHC tunnel with CERN’s Members touring the ATLAS cavern with Peter Jenni chief scientific officer,Jos Engelen, (left), spokesperson for the ATLAS experiment, left, and Herman Ten Kate, right, ATLAS included, from right to left, William G Stirling, magnet project leader. director-general of the European Synchrotron He also visited the ATLAS experiment Radiation Facility (ESRF); Peter Timmins from and met with Dutch researchers who are the Institut Laue-Langevin; Manuel Rodriguez currently contributing to CERN projects. Castellano; and Jean Susini from ESRF.
p u b l ishi n g correctio n
CERN chooses JINST for the final Apologies to our German readers for the missing accents in the poem reproduced in technical reports of the LHC the “Archive” section in December 2007. Also, in the Complier’s Note the poem’s author, CERN has decided to publish the final policy. The editorial boards of distinguished Gertrude Weisskopf, was inadvertently given technical reports of the LHC machine and scientists are entirely responsible for an additional surname, von Desch. This detectors in Journal of Instrumentation carrying out the peer-review process, for was in fact the name of the publisher of the (JINST), from the International School selecting reviewers and for making the final book Das Wunder der Wissens. Here is the for Advanced Studies (SISSA) Medialab editorial decisions. The crucial role played corrected version: and IOP Publishing. These reports are all by the rigorous peer-review system has been scheduled to appear in April. decisive in the journals’ rapid ranking among DIE GROSSE LAMENTEI The choice reflects confidence in the the highest impact-factor journals in each of Schönheit vergeht: endeavours by SISSA Medialab – which date their respective fields. Denn neben jedem Veilchen back to 1996, more recently in collaboration Collaboration with CERN goes back a long wächst schon sein Gegen-Veilchen. with IOP Publishing – to provide the scientific way, and has recently involved participation Zeit auch verweht: community with high-quality journals. The in a task force on open-access publishing. As Denn neben jedem Weilchen first of these to appear was the pioneering a result, all accepted papers – experimental bläst schon sein Gegen-Weilchen. Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP); this and theoretical – submitted to JHEP Raum auch zergeht: was followed by the Journal of Cosmology and JINST from CERN are now published Denn neben jedem Meilchen and Astroparticle Physics (JCAP), the according to an open-access scheme. Similar läuft schon sein Gegen-Meilchen. Journal of Statistical Mechanics (JSTAT), arrangements are also being implemented Ding auch zerweht: and more recently, JINST. with the Max Planck Institutes, IN2P3, DESY, Denn neben jedem Teilchen, These journals are firmly grounded in Fermilab and SLAC. Ach Gott, da hockt sein the principle that scientific publishing ● For more information on JINST, see Gegen-Teilchen. should be run by scientists, with the http://jinst.sissa.it. For scientific matters, Gegenteilchen most-advanced technology available, the please contact JINST director and assistant enteil-chen smallest-possible impact on the budgets of director, Amos Breskin and Peter Krizan, Teilchen research institutions and a liberal copyright respectively ([email protected]). Eilchen ...
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o b i t u a r i e s Sidney Coleman 1937–2007
Robert Schumann is said to have once also gave brilliant undergraduate lectures. remarked about Johann Sebastian Bach: This was a personal sacrifice, because he was “Let The Well-Tempered Clavier be your renowned for doing his best work in the wee daily bread, and you will surely attain good hours of the morning, and it was never clear musicianship.” Particle physics theorists feel whether he was better off getting a few hours similarly about Sidney Coleman, who died on of sleep before a late morning undergraduate 18 November, aged 70. class, or simply staying up for it. Some of Sidney was a brilliant theoretical these lectures survive as recordings, such physicist. He graduated from the Illinois as his colloquium-level lecture,“Quantum Institute of Technology in 1957 and went Mechanics in Your Face”. His lectures were on to graduate school at Caltech, where he not only clear, beautifully constructed and studied with Murray Gell-Mann. In the early delivered, they were always very funny. His 1960s, he was a leader in the application of sharp wit also shone through in the titles of Gell-Mann’s revolutionary idea of approximate some of his classic papers, such as Why There SU(3) symmetry of the strong interactions. His Is Nothing Rather Than Something… and work on scale invariance and renormalization Black Holes as Red Herrings…. in the late 1960s and 1970s paved the Sidney’s wit could be as biting as it was way for QCD, leading to the discovery by brilliant, and his friends bore the brunt of his student David Politzer and others of this – and loved it. They could count on asymptotic freedom as well as to his idea of him to keep their head-sizes under control. dimensional transmutation. In the late 1970s “Courtesy”, Sidney argued, “is for strangers. and 1980s, the results and the techniques Kindness is for friends.” from his work on vacuum decay were crucial Not a cloistered academic, Sidney was for the beginnings of quantitative cosmology. Coleman was well known for his wit and classic also a public intellectual in the best sense. Throughout his life, he was the leader in papers. (Courtesy Stu Rosner Photography.) He had a deep interest in science fiction, and educating high-energy theorists about the wrote and published science fiction criticism field-theoretic and symmetry tools that on quantum field theory, and his notes were himself. He served behind the scenes as a revolutionized the field in the 1970s and led to used in courses throughout the world. Many science advisor to a number of movies and the development of the Standard Model. more high-energy theorists, both aspiring and programmes for Nova. For 40 years, Sidney was the guru of established, pored over his classic papers Health problems bedevilled the end of relativistic quantum field theory. He had and summer-school lectures. Like the works Sidney’s life and deprived the world of what about 40 PhD students, many of whom of Bach, these were simply perfect. Sidney would surely have been an affectionately became leaders in the field of high-energy laboured over them until no word was out irreverent elder statesmanship. He is survived theory. However, his influence extended of place and no explanatory or pedagogical by his wife of 25 years, Diana Coleman, far beyond his academic progeny. Many opportunity was missed. his brother, Robert Coleman, and his many hundreds of students from all over the While his first love was the teaching of friends around the world. Boston area were inspired by his courses graduate-level quantum field theory, Sidney Howard Georgi, Harvard University. Philippe Meyer 1925–2007
A prominent figure of French theoretical Europe and joined the Free French Forces. He returned to France with his wife and entered physics, Philippe Meyer, passed away on was part of the army that landed in Provence CNRS. There were no organized graduate 9 November 2007. and fought for the liberation of France. He was studies in France in those days, and young Meyer was born in Paris on 22 April 1925. very discreet and never mentioned that he scientists had to learn modern physics However, at the beginning of the Second was decorated with the Croix de Guerre (avec by themselves. He joined the Theoretical World War, his father, the banker André Médaille Vermeil) for his war service. Physics Laboratory at the École Normale Meyer, left for the US. Philippe was admitted Meyer returned to Harvard in 1945, Supérieure (ENS) in 1953, which had been to Harvard in 1941, at the age of 16, but in obtaining a BS in 1946 and an MS in founded a year earlier by Maurice Lévy. Meyer 1943 he interrupted his studies, went back to Physics in 1947. The following year, he worked on theoretical nuclear physics and
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obtained his Doctorat d’État in 1955 with the Paris area, which was initially restricted a study of “Exchange Currents in Deuteron to high-energy physics, expanded to Photodisintegration”. He continued work cover many areas of fundamental physics. on nuclear physics and published a series Generations of young physicists owe their of papers on the scattering of fast nucleons solid education to his broad and modern on light nuclei. In 1957, he moved to CERN views. Occasionally, he helped some of them and started working on particle physics, financially, although he never let them know. collaborating mainly with Jacques Prentki He always had a vision of the international and Yoshio Yamaguchi on the properties role of science and took various initiatives in of strange particles. He refused an offer to this direction, many of which survive to the become a staff member in the TH Division and present day. In particular, a yearly Summer returned to France where, in 1960, he opted Institute gathered the stars of theoretical for a faculty position – first at the University physics from around the world to Paris every of Bordeaux and a year later at the University August, and the “Triangular Meetings” initially of Paris at Orsay, where in 1959 the entire between the Universities of Paris, Rome theory group from ENS, led by Lévy, had and Utrecht, have now become a regular founded a new laboratory. international conference series. Together with Claude Bouchiat, Meyer Meyer also patronized art museums established a very active research group in France, following the example of his which attracted many young physicists, some father who made gifts to the Metropolitan of whom became well known theorists and Museum of Art in New York. He helped to played an important role in building a French buy masterpieces that are now in several school of theoretical physics. The subjects museums – in particular the Musée d’Orsay studied included current algebras and Philippe Meyer was a strong patron of the arts, – and donated an entire collection a few K-decays, higher symmetries, dual models, music and literature. (Courtesy J Iliopoulos.) years ago. His naturally reserved character deep inelastic scattering and the parton did not allow for his name to appear model, as well as the establishment of the Meyer never sought positions in the anywhere, and it is only now, after his death, Standard Model. The paper on the anomaly ministry or government. The only exception that the Musée d’Orsay plans a special cancellation mechanism among leptons and was a brief period after May 1968 when he exhibit under his name. coloured quarks is a milestone in this field. became an advisor to Edgar Faure, minister Those of us who knew Meyer well, will Meyer directed the Orsay laboratory from of education. He was at the origin of the law remember his natural elegance, charm, and 1966 to 1969 after Lévy’s departure for Paris. allowing foreigners to become professors warm and friendly behaviour. His vast cultural In 1974, he and Bouchiat were invited by Jean in French universities, eliminating a very good taste in literature, art and music, made Brossel, director of the physics department retrograde French rule. him an outstanding person. We are sorry that of ENS, to establish a new laboratory of He was a gifted and dedicated teacher, he left us, but he will not be forgotten theoretical physics, which remains a great and a remarkable lab director. Under his His friends at CERN and École Normale international success. leadership, the School of Graduate Studies in Superieure. Vladimir Murzin 1927–2007
Vladimir Murzin, a pioneer of calorimetry Vladimir graduated from the physics Grigorov and Ilya Rapoport, and produced an in high-energy physics, and the principal faculty of MSU in 1950. His diploma thesis analytic description of the nuclear cascade researcher and professor of the Skobeltsyn was based on pioneering measurements in dense matter and in the atmosphere Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lomonosov of the cosmic-ray latitude effect, which he within the context of the passage of particles Moscow State University (SINP MSU), passed made while on a research ship travelling through matter. The first such calorimeter away on 12 June after having a heart attack. around the equator. Three years later, he was installed in July 1957, in the Pamir Up to his final days he was working actively received his PhD and became a senior mountains, to measure the energy of cosmic- on textbooks for students and scientists on scientist at SINP MSU. It was while ray particles. Vladimir’s skilful analysis modern particle physics, cosmic rays and continuing his studies of cosmic rays that of the features of events recorded with astrophysical phenomena. At celebrations he made a significant contribution to the calorimeter allowed the separation of for his 80th birthday on 30 May, he showed particle physics by proposing the ionization cosmic pions and nucleons as well as the copies of the 4th edition of his classic calorimeter method for measuring the energy observation of the leading properties of textbook The Physics of Cosmic Rays, of relativistic particles. Vladimir developed charged and neutral pions in pion–nucleon dedicated to the 250th anniversary of MSU. the method together with colleagues Natan interactions, similar to the leading effect in
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nucleon–nucleon interactions. With these During the 1990s, Vladimir worked with results he became a full doctor of sciences in the E-632 neutrino collaboration on the physics and mathematics in 1967. 15 ft bubble chamber at Fermilab and took At the beginning of the 1970s, Vladimir part in experiments in SLAC and DESY. He moved to high-energy physics for studies participated in conferences on deep inelastic with large bubble chambers (the 2 m propane scattering and wrote books that followed bubble chamber, the Mirabelle liquid- the fast progress of particle physics. He is hydrogen bubble chamber, and the SCAT also a founder of the Laboratory for Neutrino and 15 ft heavy-liquid bubble chambers Physics in SINP MSU, and many of his former at Protvino and Fermilab, respectively) in PhD students are working now on the LHC and collaborations with CERN, JINR and the other large projects around the world. Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino. Being devoted to physics, for many years He was an authority among the physics Vladimir used his vacations for his other community, with a deep understanding of scientific interests – entomology and ecology. particle interaction dynamics and a skill in He created a large collection of butterflies, explaining the effects. He was also interested and was lucky to find new types, some of in diffraction processes. which were named after him. He was a Valdimir’s main interest, however, was in member of the Russian Entomological Society neutrinos – both in high-energy physics and and the Moscow Society of Nature Research. cosmic rays. While working with neutrino Vladimir had many friends around the bubble-chamber projects, he developed the world. He was respected for his deep and wide proposal for the BATISS experiment, which professional knowledge, devotion to scientific was to use a neutrino beam from Fermilab research, scientific vision, teaching talent and to Lake Issyk-Kul in Asia, passing through warm relationships with colleagues. Many of the Earth close to its centre. The project Valdimir Murzin. (Courtesy Nikita Murzin.) them went to him for clarification, advice and was started in 1980 with SINP MSU and guidance and always received his attention the Kazakh University and Nuclear Physics but robust gaseous detectors for the neutrino and clear explanations. He was a charming Institute, but later stopped due to dramatic experiment GINES for the planned UNK person. We miss him greatly. changes in the USSR. He also developed light collider in Protvino. His friends and colleagues. Alexei Zamolodchikov 1952–2007
The theoretical physicist Alexei a systematic approach to integrable models Zamolodchikov passed away on the night of at finite temperature. He regularly contributed the 18–19 October 2007. to the development of Liouville string theory Alexei was born on 18 September 1952 in – the key model for understanding the most Novo-Ivankovo, near Dubna. After finishing fundamental aspects of string theory and high school in 1969, he studied at the two-dimensional quantum gravity. Moscow Institute of Physics and Engineering Alexei judged his own work by unusually until 1976, and he then worked successively high standards and his published papers at the JINR, Cybernetics Counsel, and ITEP, reflect only a tiny part of his work. The papers Moscow. From 1990 he held a senior CNRS he wrote carried both powerful ideas and position in the University of Montpellier-2. mathematical elegance. He left behind a His extraordinary journey in theoretical mass of unfinished projects, most of them physics was marked by several major now lost forever. discoveries that influenced the work of a All those who knew Alexei closely will whole generation of physicists active in the remember not only his immense talent as a different domains of quantum field theory physicist and the depth of his thought, but and mathematical physics. In particular, also the warmth of his friendship, his radical he was the first, together with his brother non-conformism and complete absence of Alexander, to construct exact scattering vanity – and finally his incomparable sense matrices in two-dimensional quantum field of humour, sometimes bitter and fatalistic, theory. Moreover he demonstrated how these Alexei Zamolodchikov contributed to Liouville string but never malicious. scattering matrices allowed the building up of theory. (Courtesy Alexander Zamolodchikov.) His friends and colleagues.
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Turkish air crash is a great loss for physics
The news of the untimely deaths of six Turkish talented and just starting their careers. several generations of young physicists, who physicists, Engin Arik, Berkol Dogan and All had connections with CERN. Arik, in worked hard and successfully on the project. Engin Abat from Bogazici University, and particular, was a nuclear physicist with a Engin Abat and Berkol Dogan were among Senel Boydag, Iskender Hikmet and Mustafa worldwide reputation. She pioneered Turkish these young, bright students. Fidan from Dogus University, was a shock involvement at CERN in experiments such Arik and Dogan were also members of the for many in the physics community. The as the Spin Muon Collaboration, the CERN CAST Collaboration, with Boydag and Hikmet. physicists were killed when their flight from Axion Solar telescope (CAST) and ATLAS. She While Senel and Iskender supported CAST from Istanbul to Isparta crashed on 30 November. was also fully engaged in promoting particle afar, Arik and Dogan had a strong presence in They were travelling to a workshop on the physics in Turkey and in getting her country the work at CERN, active in both data analysis Turkish Accelerator Centre, a project involving more involved in European science projects. and in the preparation and running of the a collaboration of 10 Turkish universities. Arik joined the ATLAS Collaboration early experiment. Indeed, Berkol had spent two Some of those who passed away were in its beginnings some 15 years ago. With long periods at CERN where he proved himself world-renowned, while others were young, her enthusiasm for physics, she motivated absolutely sound and 100% reliable.
nr e w p o d ucts
AMS Technologies Ltd has announced the 10–1 mbar. When used in combination with and electrical insulation, and chemical availability of a line of precision, enhanced Pfeiffer Vacuum Roots pumps, they supply an resistance against corrosive products. The power supplies – the “E” Series from ultimate pressure of up to 5 0× 1 –3 mbar. For components can be mounted according to UltraVolt. The “E” Series operates from more information, see www.pfeiffer-vacuum. various technologies, such as brazing, laser 0–1 kV through 0–15 kV at 4 W, 15/20 W, or net or contact Sabine Trylat: tel +49 6441 welding, press-fitting or crimping. For more 30 W. The modules offer a high-resolution, 802 169; fax +49 6441 802 883; or e-mail information, see www.rubis-precis.com, or programmable, high-voltage DC output [email protected]. e-mail [email protected]. optimized for bias or power applications. AMS has also introduced the new USB PI (Physik Instrumente) LP has Unitemp has introduced a new range of interface option for the “HV Rack” system, extended its S-330 family of piezo tip/ temperature and humidity chambers, to which enables users to control and monitor tilt platforms, adding new large-angle allow an object to be stressed with a steep the system via a PC. For more information, models for mirrors up to 50 mm diameter temperature change. The four models from see www.ams.de; tel +44 145 555 6360; with optical beam deflection to 20 mrad. ESPEC – designated SML/U/S/G – are or e-mail [email protected]. Applications include image stabilization, designed to provide 5 °C/min or more with a laser scanning/beam steering and optical capacity of 1800 l. The operating temperature Infolytica Corporation has unveiled communications. For more information, see range is –40 ° to +180 °C with the SML and new MagNet 2D and MagNet 3D low- www.physikinstrumente.com. SMU models, and –70 ° to +180 °C with frequency electromagnetic-field simulation the SMS and SMG models. The SML and software. Benefits include: faster runtimes Princeton Lightwave and id Quantique are SMS models also have a humidity facility for automated mesh refinements in 2D; developing the world’s first single-photon for testing from 20 to 98% rh. For more improved modelling to calculate the counting module optimized for 1064 nm by information, see www.unitemp.co.uk; or dynamic mechanical effects of any two combining an optimized avalanche photodiode contact Paul R Brown, tel +44 1628 850 611, spring-connected components; and vector- with integrated biasing and quenching e-mail [email protected]. controlled circuitry support using the MagNet electronics. For more information, see Plug-In for Simulink. For more information, www.princetonlightwave.com. Alternatively, Yokogawa has announced the Yokogawa see www.infolytica.com; or contact contact Leonard Widmer at id Quantique, tel AQ6375, the world’s first optical-spectrum Chad H Ghalamzan, tel +1 514 849 8752 +41 22 301 8371, e-mail Leonard.widmer@ analyser to combine a wide wavelength ext 300; fax +1 514 849 4239. idquantique.com; or Bruce Nyman at Princeton range of 1200–2400 nm with high resolution Lightwave, tel +1 609 495 2560, e-mail between 50 pm and 2 nm and a high Pfeiffer Vacuum has announced the new [email protected]. sensitivity of –70 dBm or better. This new HeptaDry line of dry pumps, well suited for analyser is aimed at supporting the R&D with low and medium vacuum applications in Rubis-Precis/Micropierre Group has new-generation, high-performance optical which oil-free vacuum is required. These developed a wide range of new products laser sources. For more information, see www. pumps offer pumping speeds from 100 based on specific customer service. These yokogawa.com/tm; or contact Terry Merrinan, to 600 m3/h and are suitable for use as ultra-hard materials offer properties of tel +31 33 464 1856, fax +31 33 464 1859, stand-alone pumps for processes up to surface finish, wear resistance, thermal e-mail [email protected].
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