Volunteer ALB Training

AsianAsian LonghornedLonghorned BeetleBeetle BobBob HeydHeyd && RogerRoger MechMech HeidiHeidi FreiFrei && ForestForest HealthHealth ManagementManagement LaurelLaurel MalvitzMalvitz --DraperDraper StewardshipStewardship UnitUnit Forest Health Watch • Asian Longhorned Beetle (ALB) background • Host species of trees – How to identify maples • Survey protocol • Survey practice • Oak wilt field visit MDNR Parks & Recreation Division Stewardship Unit •• Mission:Mission: ““Preserve,Preserve, protectprotect andand restorerestore thethe naturalnatural andand culturalcultural resourcesresources presentpresent withinwithin MichiganMichigan StatStatee ParksParks forfor thisthis andand futurefuture generations.generations. ”” • Protecting natural communities and species – Invasive species control – Prescribed burning – Resource monitoring – Natural Resource mapping – Cultural resource protection >31 Exotic Borers discovered in the contiguous US from 1985 to early 2008 First found in 17 states 3 Buprestids 1 Exotic 2 Exotics 3 Exotics 4 Exotics 6 Exotics 5 Cerambycids 1 Siricid 22 Scolytids 14 ambrosia, 8 bark beetles Photo credit: A. J. Sawyer, USDA-APHIS-PPQ imported wooden crate with tunneling damage Asian Longhorned Beetle (ALB) • Origin: Native pest of Asia (China and Korea) • Distribution: Populations of ALB have been detected in Japan, Canada, Austria, France, Italy, United Kingdom, Poland, the Netherlands, and Germany • Host Range: In the U.S., the known ALB hosts include all species of 12 tree genera: • Maple, boxelder, willow, elm, birch, horsechestnut, poplar, ash, London plane tree, mimosa, European mountain ash, hackberry, katsura tree… Potential Economic Impacts • Affected industries: – Maple syrup – Tree nurseries – Lumber and veneer – Home construction – Furniture and cabinets – Pulp and paper – Firewood – Tourism Potential Environmental Impacts • ALB host trees are an important component to forest ecosystems as well as urban environments: • Habitat for animals • Prevent soil erosion • Climate regulation (shade, block wind) • Diminish storm water runoff • Reduce air, water, and noise pollution Potential Impacts • Hard Maple and Aspen constitute 27% (7.2 billion cubic feet), or 43% (155 million cubic feet) of the commercial harvests statewide. • Michigan's forest-based economy is estimated to be 200,000 jobs and over $12 billion of value-added. – Includes forest-based tourism and recreation (50,000 jobs and $3 billion); and forest products industries/manufacturing (150,000 jobs and $9 billion). • If left unchecked, the USDA estimates the Asian longhorned beetle could cause as much as $138 billion in damage to the U.S. economy. • 30% of USA Urban Forest are susceptible to ALB Michigan Impacts Learn to ID ALB and Report It! • 1 to 1 ½ inches in length • Long antennae, banded with black and white • Shiny, jet black body with distinctive white spots • May have blue tarsi Not Asian Longhorned Beetle http://beetlebusters.info/spot-it/ Asian long-horned beetle infested tree oviposition holes new oviposition hole oviposition holes frass being pushed out of tunnels ALB Signs Adult feeding Emergence holes On leaf midrib and petioles feeding damage under bark exit holes exit hole adult feeding damage on twig sap flowing from holes Photo credit: M. Bohne, USDA-FS-FHP Photo credit: M. Bohne, USDA-FS-FHP Photo credit: A. J. Sawyer, USDA-APHIS-PPQ 5-7mm Egg site inches 1 2 Healed exit hole Old Damage is Different Could go Undetected for a Long Time Much Evidence is Hard to See What Have We Learned? • ALB is not outright killing forest trees – Little impact on tree growth – 10-15 years before decline! • ALB found in forest trees of all sizes • ALB attacked and survived at higher rates in red maple • ALB moves throughout forest stands Outbreak in Ohio • Discovered in June 2011 in Clermont Co., OH • As of 8/21/12, 63 sq. mi. quarantined • Records of park visits from quarantined area Traveling Firewood ALGONAC STATE PARK ORCHARD BEACH STATE PARK BAY CITY STATE RECREATION AREA PETOSKEY STATE PARK BURT LAKE STATE PARK PORCUPINE MOUNTAINS DETOUR STATE FOREST WILDERNESS STATE PARK FAYETTE HISTORIC STATE PARK RIFLE RIVER RECREATION AREA FISHERMAN'S ISLAND STATE PARK SEVEN LAKES STATE PARK FORT CUSTER RECREATION AREA SILVER LAKE STATE PARK GRAND HAVEN STATE PARK SLEEPER STATE PARK HAYES STATE PARK SLEEPY HOLLOW STATE PARK HOEFT STATE PARK SOUTH HIGGINS LAKE STATE HOFFMASTER STATE PARK PARK HOLLAND STATE PARK STERLING STATE PARK HOLLY RECREATION AREA STRAITS STATE PARK INDIAN LAKE STATE PARK TAHQUAMENON FALLS STATE INTERLOCHEN STATE PARK PARK LAKE GOGEBIC STATE PARK TAWAS POINT STATE PARK LAKE HUDSON RECREATION AREA TRAVERSE CITY STATE PARK LAKEPORT STATE PARK VAN RIPER STATE PARK LEELANAU STATE PARK WARREN DUNES STATE PARK LUDINGTON STATE PARK WATERLOO RECREATION AREA MUSKALLONGE LAKE STATE PARK WELLS STATE PARK MUSKEGON STATE PARK WILDERNESS STATE PARK NORTH HIGGINS LAKE STATE PARK YOUNG STATE PARK ONAWAY STATE PARK Asian Longhorned Beetle V. Good Hosts Maple Box elder Horse chestnut Buckeye Willow Elm Good Hosts Birch Sycamore Tree Identification • Focus on maple trees – Silver, Red, Sugar, Norway • ID without leaves – Opposite branching pattern – Bark characteristics – Fruit • http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/factsheets .cfm Tree Identification Tree Identification Tree Identification Tree Identification Survey procedure • Forms needed – Survey data sheet – Vol. Hours log • Drive through area • Survey on foot – 360° survey – Binoculars helpful • Look for: – Frass – Holes in canopy – Oviposition hole Oak Wilt Oak Wilt Oak Wilt • Lethal fungal disease affecting primarily red oaks – Once transmitted, can die in months • Introduced via – insect transmission – sap beetles – Root grafting (90%) • Beetles transport spores to open wounds on trees • http://treedoctor.anr.msu.edu/oakwilt/guide.pdf Oak Wilt Oak Wilt • Be suspicious of oak wilt if all or most of the following apply: • 1) Identity of the oak species as a member of the red oak family 2) Presently, wilting symptoms are evident in live trees 3) Sudden death, generally on the order of months 4) Recent pruning or storm damage (months to a year) 5) Proximity to other oaks (root graft transmission from nearby dead oaks) 6) Elimination of other causes of oak death: gas leaks, root injury, other diseases, etc. Thank you www.michigan.gov ALB Host Species .

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