Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes Notes
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Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes Notes
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- Xylem:
Stomata:
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Respiration:
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Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes Notes
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Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes Notes
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- Absorption:
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Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.1
Virtual Plant Transpiration Lab Student Instruction Sheet for Independent Work on Website
Question: What factor affects the transpiration rate in plants?
Purpose: In this investigation the student will compare the rates of transpiration for several plant species under varying environmental conditions. You will investigate the effect of environmental factors (heat, light, and wind) on the transpiration rate.
Objectives: • Describe the process of transpiration in vascular plants. • Investigate the effect of various environmental factors on the transpiration rate in plants. Procedure: • Pick a plant sprig on the “shelf.” There are nine (9) different plant types used in this lab. • Bring the spring to the photometer on the table. The names of the various plants are listed on the corresponding table provided. • Set a clock to “start” the transpiration process. The clock will simulate time passing for one hour. You may use 10 seconds. • At the end of the hour, the amount of water transpired by the plant, in milliliters, will be on the photometer read-out. An instructor answer key provides you with the correct milliliters to give to students if you do not have a computer. • Drag one of the three appliances (heater, fan or lamp) from the lab bench to the table and drop next to the photometer. • Begin clock again. Use 10 seconds to simulate the passing of one hour. Record rate, in milliliters, of transpiration. • Repeats steps above until all data has been collected for each plant under the four experimental conditions. a. Control, no appliances b. Heater c. Fan d. Lamp • Complete journal analysis questions.
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.1
Virtual Plant Transpiration Lab
Normal With Fan With Heater With Lamp Arrowhead Coleus Devil’s Ivy Dieffenbachia English Ivy Geranium Rubber Plant Weeping Fig Zebra Plant
Journal Analysis Questions
Complete once all information has been filled in the grid above.
1. Describe the process of transpiration in vascular plants.
2. Describe any experimental controls used in the Investigation.
3. What environmental factors that you tested increased the rate of transpiration? Was the rate of transpiration increased for all plants tested?
4. Did any of the environmental factors (heat, light, or wind) increase the transpiration rate more than the others? Why?
5. Which species of plants that you tested had the highest transpiration rates? Why do you think different species of plants transpire at different rates?
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.1
6. Suppose you coated the leaves of a plant with petroleum jelly. How would the plant's rate of transpiration be affected?
7. Of what value to a plant is the ability to lose water through transpiration?
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.1 KEY
Virtual Plant Transpiration Lab Student Instruction Sheet for Independent Work on Website
Question: What factor affects the transpiration rate in plants?
Purpose: In this investigation the student will compare the rates of transpiration for several plant species under varying environmental conditions. You will investigate the effect of environmental factors (heat, light, and wind) on the transpiration rate.
Objectives: • Describe the process of transpiration in vascular plants. • Investigate the effect of various environmental factors on the transpiration rate in plants. Procedure: • Pick a plant sprig on the “shelf.” There are nine (9) different plant types used in this lab. • Bring the spring to the photometer on the table. The names of the various plants are listed on the corresponding table provided. • Set a clock to “start” the transpiration process. The clock will simulate time passing for one hour. You may use 10 seconds. • At the end of the hour, the amount of water transpired by the plant, in milliliters, will be on the photometer read-out. An instructor answer key provides you with the correct milliliters to give to students if you do not have a computer. • Drag one of the three appliances (heater, fan or lamp) from the lab bench to the table and drop next to the photometer. • Begin clock again. Use 10 seconds to simulate the passing of one hour. Record rate, in milliliters, of transpiration. • Repeats steps above until all data has been collected for each plant under the four experimental conditions. e. Control, no appliances f. Heater g. Fan h. Lamp • Complete journal analysis questions.
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.1 KEY
Virtual Plant Transpiration Lab
*All measured in 21 degrees Celsius Normal With Fan With Heater With Lamp Arrowhead 0 7.5 6.6 4.0 Coleus 0 6.0 3.9 3.0 Devil’s Ivy 0 4.6 4.1 3.0 Dieffenbachia 0 7.7 6.0 3.9 English Ivy 0 5.1 3.2 2.1 Geranium 0 4.7 5.8 2.4 Rubber Plant 0 8.4 6.8 4.3 Weeping Fig 0 6.1 4.9 2.5 Zebra Plant 0 7.6 6.1 3.2
Journal Analysis Questions
Students complete once all information has been filled in the grid above.
1. Describe the process of transpiration in vascular plants.
Transpiration is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere. Transpiration is essentially evaporation of water from plant leaves.
2. Describe any experimental controls used in the Investigation.
Controls used were the temperature (21 degrees Celsius), the same equipment used (fan, heater and lamp).
3. What environmental factors that you tested increased the rate of transpiration? Was the rate of transpiration increased for all plants tested?
All three environmental factors tested increased the rate of transpiration. The rate increased for all plants tested.
4. Did any of the environmental factors (heat, light, or wind) increase the transpiration rate more than the others? Why?
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.1 KEY
The fan consistently increased the rate the most, second was the heater and last was the lamp. The reason for this is because by using the fan, the air movement created by the fan sped up the rate of transpiration the fastest. The moisture was pulled out of the plant cells faster because of the air movement.
5. Which species of plants that you tested had the highest transpiration rates? Why do you think different species of plants transpire at different rates?
The rubber plant, under the fan conditions had the highest transpiration rate. Different species of plants transpire at different rates because each of them are made differently. Some have thick tissue on their leaves, while others have thin tissue. Some have larger surface area on their leaves, while others are smaller. The rubber plant had the largest surface area of all the plants tested in this experiment.
6. Suppose you coated the leaves of a plant with petroleum jelly. How would the plant's rate of transpiration be affected?
Petroleum jelly would inhibit the loss of moisture out of the stomata cells. Therefore, the rate of transpiration would be decreased. Essentially, the surface of the leaf wouldn’t be able to “breath” nearly as fast with a jelly coating.
7. Of what value to a plant is the ability to lose water through transpiration?
A plant has to lose some of its moisture, or else the leaves and tissues become water- logged. A water-logged plant is an unhealthy plant because, essentially, they are drowning. It is also a cooling mechanism for the plant in higher temperatures. It is natural for a plant to transpire moisture, just as it’s natural for human to sweat.
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.2
Creating a Colorful Bouquet
Materials: • White carnations – one per student • Propagation knife or pair of scissors – one per student • Sturdy clear cups - four cups per student • Food coloring - enough variety for each person to have four colors • Warm water - Enough to fill a small coffee cup with a quarter of cup of water
Procedure: 1. Work individually, secure three flowers, four cups, propagation knife or scissors and food coloring 2. Use the propagation knife to split each stem into four equal parts. (Refer to picture) 3. Place several drops of food coloring in a quarter cup of warm water. 4. Place each quadrant of the stem in each of the four prepared cups of water colored with food coloring *Use only freshly cut stems for this activity! 5. Once the color of the flower has changed (which may be the next class period), remove the flower from the liquid and characterize what has occurred.
Question –
Hypothesis – What do you think will happen in this experiment?
Conclusion/Outcome – What were the results of this experiment?
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.2 KEY
Creating a Colorful Bouquet
Question What will happen when we cut a stem of a white carnation in to four quadrants and place in four different cups of colored water and leave overnight?
Hypothesis – What do you think will happen in this experiment? Teacher Discretion. The four different colors should be taken up by the cut quadrants and cause the white carnation to change to the respective color of the colored water that portion of the stem was placed in at the beginning of the experiment.
Conclusion/Outcome – What were the results of this experiment? Each rose should have changed into a quad-colored rose, showing how translocation takes place within plant cells. Discussion can be related to crops and other edible plants in relation to chemical applications, fertilizers, etc.
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.2 KEY
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.3
Basic Plant Processes
Across 5. Uptake of nutrients and water in plant
Down 1. Energy released 2. Conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygen 3. Movement of water and nutrients through plant tissue 4. Loss of water from plant
Created by Puzzlemaker at DiscoveryEducation.com
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.3 KEY
Basic Plant Processes
Across 5. Uptake of nutrients and water in plant
Down 1. Energy released 2. Conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygen 3. Movement of water and nutrients through plant tissue 4. Loss of water from plant
Key: 5 – Across – Absorption 1 – Down – Respiration 2 – Down – Photosynthesis 3 – Down – Translocation 4 – Down – Transpiration
Created by Puzzlemaker at DiscoveryEducation.com
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.4
Picture Perfect Plant Process Booklet Evaluation
Supplies • Three, 8 ½ x 11 plain white sheets of paper per student; folded in half in landscape • Colored pencils and/or markers • Writing utensil • Stapler to bind booklet when completed
Objective Students are to create a six-page booklet that includes a title page and one page each for the five basic plant processes. The booklet should include the following plant processes: 1. Photosynthesis 2. Respiration 3. Transpiration 4. Absorption 5. Translocation
Grading Criteria Booklet will be graded on the following criteria: • Title page that should include students name, hour and ‘Plant Processes’ • Booklet should include a picture representation of each of the five processes, hand-drawn neatly, colored with available materials. • Each picture is to include a one to three sentence explanation of the process written on the same page as the picture. • Booklet is complete, accurate and attractive and organized. • Bind book together by stapling in middle so that pages will stay together when turned in.
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.4
Picture Perfect Plant Process Booklet Evaluation
CATEGORY 20 16 12 8 Graphics/Pictur Graphics go Graphics go well Graphics go well Graphics do not es well with the with the text, but with the text, but go with the text and there is there are so many there are too few accompanying a good mix of that they distract and the brochure text or appear to text and from the text. seems "text- be randomly graphics that Only four out of heavy and/or chosen and/or explain all five the five plant only three of the only two or less plant processes. processes are five plant plant processes accounted for in processes are are accounted for project. accounted for in in project. project. Content All facts in the 99-90% of the 89-80% of the Fewer than 80% Accuracy brochure are facts in the facts in the of the facts in the accurate. brochure are brochure are brochure are accurate. accurate. accurate. Attractiveness The brochure The brochure has The brochure has The brochure's & Organization has attractive well-organized formatting and exceptionally formatting and information. organization of attractive well-organized material are formatting and information. confusing to the well-organized reader. information.
Total points: /60
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.5
Plant Processes Evaluation
Match the statement on the left with the plant process on the right. Write the letter in the space provided.
_____1. Evaporation through leaf surfaces A. Translocation _____2. Break down and release of glucose B. Transpiration _____3. Taking up of water and dissolved minerals C. Photosynthesis _____4. Movement of water and dissolved minerals D. Absorption _____5. Creation of glucose E. Respiration
1. What are four environmental factors that affect photosynthesis?
2. What are four environmental factors that affect transpiration?
3. Define xylem and phloem tissues.
4. What is the formula for photosynthesis?
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes Basic Plant Science: Plant Processes BPS2.5 KEY
Plant Processes Evaluation
Match the statement on the left with the plant process on the right. Write the letter in the space provided.
__B__1. Evaporation through leaf surfaces A. Translocation __E__2. Break down and release of glucose B. Transpiration __D__3. Taking up of water and dissolved minerals C. Photosynthesis __A__4. Movement of water and dissolved minerals D. Absorption __C__5. Creation of glucose E. Respiration
6. What are four environmental factors that affect photosynthesis? Any four of the following: Temperature Light intensity or duration Amount of carbon dioxide Plant’s photoperiod Water availability Plant’s growth cycle affect photosynthesis
7. What are four environmental factors that affect transpiration?
Light, temperature, humidity and wind
8. Define xylem and phloem tissues. Xylem tissues pull water upward in the process of translocation. Phloem tissues moves food from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
9. What is the formula for photosynthesis?
Light energy 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2 chlorophyll
Basic Plant Science BPS2 Plant Processes