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Understanding Broad-Scale Vegetation Patterns Abst 58th Annual Symposium of the International Association for Vegetation Science: IAVS Symposium, Brno 2015 – Abstracts th Understanding broad-scale 58 vegetation patterns 19 – 24 July 2015, Brno, Czech Republic Abstracts www.iavs2015.cz 58th Annual Symposium of the International Association for Vegetation Science Abstracts 58th Annual Symposium of the International Association for Vegetation Science: Understanding broad-scale vegetation patterns 19 – 24 July 2015, Brno, Czech Republic Abstracts Edited by Milan Chytrý, David Zelený & Eva Hettenbergerová Masaryk University, Brno, 2015 Local Organizing Committee Milan Chytrý Michal Hájek Radim Hédl Tomáš Herben Eva Hettenbergerová Soňa Hroudová Jan Lepš Zdeňka Lososová Jan Roleček Lubomír Tichý David Zelený IAVS Advisory Committee Martin Diekmann (Germany) – IAVS President Robert K. Peet (USA) – IAVS Vice President and Chair of the Publications Committee Michael Palmer (USA) – IAVS Vice President and Chair of the Membership Committee Javier Loidi (Spain) – IAVS Vice President and Chair of the Meetings Committee Alicia Acosta (Italy) – IAVS Vice President Valério Pillar (Brazil) – IAVS Vice President Susan Wiser (New Zealand) – IAVS Secretary Stefan Bradham (USA) – IAVS Administrator Meelis Pärtel (Estonia) – Chair of the Chief Editors of the IAVS Journals Alessandra Fidelis (Brazil) – Chair of the IAVS Global Sponsorship Committee Joop H.J. Schaminée (The Netherlands) – Chair of the IAVS Awards Committee Kerry Woods (USA) – Chair of the IAVS Ethics Committee Ladislav Mucina (Australia) – Organizer of the IAVS Annual Symposium 2014 John Du Vall Hay (Brazil) – Organizer of the IAVS Annual Symposium 2016 Dedicated to the memory of J. Bastow Wilson (1944–2015) Anne Bonis (France) – Organizer of the European Vegetation Survey Meeting 2015 Organized by Vegetation Science Group and Mire Ecology Group Department of Botany and Zoology Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic in cooperation with Ta-Service, Brno, Czech Republic The abstracts were evaluated by Alicia Acosta, Milan Chytrý, Michal Hájek, John Du Vall Hay, Radim Hédl, Tomáš Herben, Jan Lepš, Zdeňka Lososová, Ladislav Mucina, Michael Palmer, Meelis Pärtel, Lubomír Tichý & David Zelený www.iavs2015.cz www.sci.muni.cz/botany/vegsci/index.php?lang=en www.sci.muni.cz/botany/mirecol/index.php?lang=en www.ta-service.cz © 2015, Masarykova univerzita ISBN 978-80-210-7860-4 Welcome to the Czech Republic! It is my great honour and pleasure to host the 58th Annual Symposium of the International Association for Vegetation Science (IAVS). The IAVS is the world’s leading scientific society of plant community ecologists and promotes research in all aspects of vegetation science and its application. It holds meetings and excursions, publishes scientific journals (Journal of Vegetation Science and Applied Vegetation Science) and provides other mechanisms to facilitate communication among vegetation scientists worldwide. The Czech Republic, located in the heart of Europe, has a long tradition of vegetation research. Names such as Karel Domin, Jaromír Klika, Vladimír Krajina, Emil Hadač, Slavomil Hejný, Jaroslav Moravec and Robert Neuhäusl are well known for their landmark contributions to understanding vege- tation patterns and processes in Europe and beyond. Czech vegetation scientists have also played an important role in shaping the IAVS as a scientific society and IAVS symposia in particular. From 1953 to 1981, the IAVS Annual Symposia were held in the German cities of Stolzenau and Rinteln, hosted by Professor Reinhold Tüxen. After he passed away in 1980, a new series of symposia began, held at a different venue every year. The first symposium of this new series was held in Prague in 1982, organised by Robert Neuhäusl and his colleagues from the Institute of Botany in Průhonice. The symposium topic was Chorological Phenomena in Plant Communities. The transformation process initiated in Prague resulted in the development of a new face of the IAVS as a truly global community of vegetation scientists focusing on a broad range of topics from community ecology theory to the application of vegetation science in nature management, conservation and restoration. This funda- mental change was clearly evident at the second IAVS Symposium hosted in the Czech Republic, which was organised by Jan Lepš and Tomáš Herben at the University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, in 1997. Now the main annual event of the IAVS is returning to the Czech Republic for the third time, and I am pleased to host it in Brno, the home town of Johann Gregor Mendel, the founder of genetics, Georg Joseph Camellus, a 17th century botanist who gave his name to Camellia, and Leoš Janáček, a famous Czech composer. Today, Brno is the second largest city in the Czech Republic and the administrative, cultural and scientific centre of the South Moravian Region. Masaryk University in Brno, the second largest university in the country, has a strong tradition of teaching and research in natural sciences, including vegetation science as a highly successful field. The Czech Republic is a small country. In spite of this, or perhaps because of this, many Czech ecologists are interested in broad-scale patterns and processes. Broad-scale phenomena were the focus of the Prague Symposium in 1982, and we are returning to this topic thirty-three years later to explore how our knowledge has improved over the last third of a century. Nevertheless, we will be looking primarily to the future: the Brno Symposium should provide us with new scientific ideas and opportunities to make new friends and establish exciting new collaboration in vegetation studies. In addition to scientific sessions, we also want to use the IAVS Symposium to make you familiar with the vegetation, flora, nature and culture of the Czech Republic and Central Europe. We have prepared several excursions in the eastern part of the Czech Republic, a region on the boundary be- tween the biomes of the European temperate deciduous forest and the Eastern European forest-steppe, and a post-symposium excursion to the Western Carpathians in Slovakia, where our Slovak colleagues will guide us across an altitudinal gradient from the Pannonian steppes in the foothills to the mountain summits. I am convinced you will enjoy both the scientific sessions and the field trips we have prepared! Welcome to the Czech Republic and welcome to Brno, the world capital of vegetation science in 2015. Milan Chytrý 58th IAVS Symposium, Brno, Czech Republic, 19 – 24 July 2015 7 Award lectures and keynote talks 8 58th IAVS Symposium, Brno, Czech Republic, 19 – 24 July 2015 58th IAVS Symposium, Brno, Czech Republic, 19 – 24 July 2015 9 Lavorel S. Fujiwara K. Alexander von Humboldt Award lecture Honorary Membership lecture On the track of the Holy Grail for plant functional What situations in the world have drier forests? ecology: from plant functional traits, to biotic Kazue Fujiwara interactions and to ecosystem functioning and services Graduate School in Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan Sandra Lavorel [email protected] Alpine Ecology Laboratory, CNRS – Grenoble – Alps University, Grenoble, France [email protected] Linking global change impacts on biodiversity to changes in ecosystem functioning, and especially What types of forest are drier? There are many types of drier forest in the Northern Hemisphere, in biogeochemical cycling has stood as a Holy Grail for functional ecology for over two decades. including warm-temperate deciduous forests and monsoon forests. These forests are unique Plant functional trait research was born to address this grand challenge. regionally. In particular, warm-temperate deciduous forests (WTDF), especially deciduous Quercus forests, occur in Asia, Europe and eastern North America (Box & Fujiwara 2014). Quercus species First, there is now solid evidence that functional properties of vegetation such as community differ in the WTDF, typical temperate forests (TTF) and cool-temperate forests (CTF) of different mean leaf nitrogen or fibre content or properties as simple as mean plant height control a series regions. WTDF are drier (on an annual basis) because winters are warmer than in temperate of processes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Therefore, when environmental change and cool-temperate forests; WTDF have colder winters than warm-temperate evergreen forests. modifies plant community composition as a result of plant response traits, these effects flow on Sometimes, however, the forest type is related to substrate, especially in Mediterranean areas and to biogeochemical cycling. In 2002, we called this the response-effect framework. eastern North America. Values for the annual Moisture Index (MI = P/PET) are 0.7–1.9 for WTF Second, recent research has highlighted how plant functional traits impact biogeochemical cycling in Asia, 1.0 (0.68)–1.45 in eastern North America and 0.66–1.35 in Europe. Asia has the widest not only through plant-level processes, but also by driving interactions with other trophic levels range, from insular Japan to mainland China and Korea. Moisture Index values for WTDF are including herbivores, soil detritivores and mineralising soil microbial communities. An audacious relatively lower than for TTF and CTF, and higher than for evergreen broad-leaved forests in Europe. conceptualisation of these interactions extends the response-effect framework by portraying not Moisture Index values of WTDF in eastern North America are similar to values for warm-temperate
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