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Re-Examining the Philosophical Underpinnings of the Melting Pot Vs. Multiculturalism in the Current Immigration Debate in the United States
Re-examining the Philosophical Underpinnings of the Melting Pot vs. Multiculturalism in the Current Immigration Debate in the United States Daniel Woldeab College of Individualized Studies, Metropolitan State University, St. Paul, MN, USA [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-7570 Robert M. Yawson School of Business, Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT, USA [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-4345 Irina M. Woldeab Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN, USA [email protected] In: Harnessing Analytics for Enhancing Healthcare & Business. Proceedings of the 50th Northeast Decision Sciences Institute (NEDSI) Annual Meeting, Pgs. 264 - 285. Virtual Conference, March 26-27, 2021. https://doi.org/10.31124/advance.14749101.v1 Copyright ©2021 Daniel Woldeab, Robert M. Yawson, and Irina Woldeab 2 Abstract Immigration to the United States is certainly not a new phenomenon, and it is therefore natural for immigration, culture and identity to be given due attention by the public and policy makers. However, current discussion of immigration, legal and illegal, and the philosophical underpinnings is ‘lost in translation’, not necessarily on ideological lines, but on political orientation. In this paper we reexamine the philosophical underpinnings of the melting pot versus multiculturalism as antecedents and precedents of current immigration debate and how the core issues are lost in translation. We take a brief look at immigrants and the economy to situate the current immigration debate. We then discuss the two philosophical approaches to immigration and how the understanding of the philosophical foundations can help streamline the current immigration debate. Keywords: Immigration, multiculturalism, melting pot, ethnic identity, acculturation, assimilation In: Harnessing Analytics for Enhancing Healthcare & Business. -
The Agrarian Question in Tanzania?
The Agrarian Question In Tanzania? CurrenT AfrICAn Issues 45 THe AGrArIAn QUESTIOn In TAnZAnIA? A state of the Art Paper sam Maghimbi razack B. Lokina Mathew A. senga nOrDIsKA AfrIKAInsTITuTeT, uPPsALA In coperation with THe unIVersITY Of DAr ES sALAAM 2 011 1 sam Maghimbi, razack B. Lokina, Mathew A. senga The Mwalimu Nyerere Professorial Chair in Pan-African Studies was established as a university chair at the University of Dar es Salaam in honour of the great nationalist and pan-Africanist leader of Africa and the first president of Tanzania, Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere. It was inaugurated on April 19, 2008 by the Prime Minister Honourable Mizengo Pinda in the presence of Mama Maria Nyerere. The main objective of the Chair is to reinvigorate intellectual debates on the Campus and stimulate basic research on burning issues facing the country and the continent from a pan-African perspective. The core activities of the Chair include publication of state of the art papers. As part of the latter, the Chair is pleased to publish the first paper The Agrarian Question in Tanzania. It is planned to publish at least one state of the art paper every year. first published by Mwalimu Nyerere Professorial Chair in Pan-African Studies University of Dar es Salaam P. O. Box 35091 Dar es Salaam Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.nyererechair.udsm.ac.tz INDExING TErMS: Agrarian policy Agrarian structure Peasantry Agricultural population Land tenure State Agrarian reform Land reform rural development Economic and social development Tanzania The opinions expressed in this volume are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. -
9 Tokyo Standardization, Ludic Language Use and Nascent Superdiversity
9 Tokyo Standardization, ludic language use and nascent superdiversity Patrick Heinrich and Rika Yamashita The study of language in the city has never been a prominent subject in Japanese sociolinguistics. The negligence of city sociolinguistics in Japan notwithstanding, there is a wide range of issues to be found in Tokyo, which reveal the intricate ways in which language and society relate to one another.1 In this chapter, we discuss two interrelated issues. Firstly, we outline the case of language standardization, which subsequently led to various destandardization phenomena and ludic language use. Secondly, we discuss how language diversity in Tokyo has grown in recent years and how it is no longer swept under the carpet and hidden. Tokyoites, too, are diversify- ing as an effect. We shall start, though, with a brief sociolinguistic history of Tokyo. From feudal Edo to Tokyo as a global city There exists no such place as “Tokyo City”. There is “Inner Tokyo”, comprised of 23 wards; there is “Metropolitan Tokyo” made up of the 23 wards and the Tama region; and there is “Greater Tokyo”, which refers to Metropolitan Tokyo plus the surrounding prefectures of Chiba, Kanagawa and Saitama. The Tama region, rural until 1920, is now home to one third of the population of Tokyo Metropolis, while Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama prefecture have doubled their population over the past 50 years. Greater Tokyo comprises more than 35 million inhabitants. It is the largest urban center on earth. One third of the Japanese population lives there on less than 4% of the Japanese territory – and the number of inhabitants continues to grow. -
And Colin Bundy's “African Peasantry”
International Journal of Development and Sustainability ISSN: 2186-8662 – www.isdsnet.com/ijds Volume 3 Number 7 (2014): Pages 1410-1437 ISDS Article ID: IJDS14042304 Chayanov’s “development theory” and Colin Bundy’s “African peasantry”: Relevance to contemporary development and agricultural discourse Anis Mahomed Karodia* Regent Business School, Durban, South Africa Abstract of Part One This paper attempts to look at the work of Chayanov, in respect of contemporary development issues and reexamines his work (on the basis of the work of TeodorShanin and partly by HamzaAlavi). Chayanov was considered during his time as the new Marx. His discourse and thoughts were fashioned upon the political economy and based on intellectual criticism of the USSR. He was sidelined by the then USSR and put to pasture by the many forms of repression in the then Soviet Union. His work bears utmost relevance to contemporary dialogue in respect of agriculture and development issues, in the context of the modern world. On the other hand the second part of the paper will look at Colin Bundy’s book the Rise and Fall of the African Peasantry. It is probably the most influential account of rural history produced in the 1970’s, and is hailed as a major reinterpretation of South African history, in terms of African agriculture which was considered as inherently primitive or backward and capitalism was hostile to peasants. Both parts of the paper look at the preface of the books written by TeodorShanin and By Colin Bundy himself, in order to look at very important and vexing issues that permeate 21st century discourse on development and agriculture Keywords:Development; Agriculture; Peasantry; Reinterpretation; Political Economy; Contemporary Dialogue; Capitalism; Poverty; Legacy; Traditionalism. -
Why We Study Intermarriage
“Intermarriage” Why we study Intermarriage Family systems reproduce race by insisting upon endogamy, or marriage within the group. Racial intermarriage, the opposite of endogamy, tends to undermine racial barriers. In any society in which race is important, racial intermarriage will be a focus of legal, social and political interest. As the United States has been a society deeply divided by race from its very beginning as a nation in which slavery was practiced, the issue of intermarriage has always been important in the United States. The Racial Caste System and the 19th Century: Intermarriage as the Implicit Threat Before the civil war, the vast majority of blacks in the United States were slaves. Although there had always been some sexual relationships between white (male) slave owners and black (female) slaves, white society worked diligently to make these relationships invisible. White American society adopted what they called the “one-drop rule,” which meant that anyone with as much as “one drop” of nonwhite blood could not be considered white. By legal definition, if a white slave master made a black slave pregnant, her child was black (due to the “one-drop rule”) and a slave as well. Formal marriage was generally not possible among slaves (because slaves had no legal standing), and therefore formal marriage between free whites and slaves was also impossible. One irony of the one-drop rule was that it was created to clarify racial distinctions but the rule left white racial status always vulnerable. The discovery of some previously unknown brown or dark ancestor (or even an ancestor who was remembered by someone as dark), would rob all descendants of their whiteness, and therefore of their property and their rights. -
Degrowth and Critical Agrarian Studies
The Journal of Peasant Studies ISSN: 0306-6150 (Print) 1743-9361 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/fjps20 Degrowth and critical agrarian studies Julien-François Gerber To cite this article: Julien-François Gerber (2020) Degrowth and critical agrarian studies, The Journal of Peasant Studies, 47:2, 235-264, DOI: 10.1080/03066150.2019.1695601 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2019.1695601 © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group Published online: 21 Jan 2020. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 2220 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=fjps20 THE JOURNAL OF PEASANT STUDIES 2020, VOL. 47, NO. 2, 235–264 https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2019.1695601 Degrowth and critical agrarian studies Julien-François Gerber International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Hague, Netherlands ABSTRACT KEYWORDS Degrowth refers to a radical politico-economic reorganisation that Sustainability; anarchism; leads to smaller and more equitable social metabolisms. Degrowth Marxism; agrarian and posits that such a transition is indispensable but also desirable. environmental justice; However, the conditions of its realisation require more research. This Bhutan; Cuba article argues that critical agrarian studies (CAS) and degrowth can enrich each other. The Agrarian Question and the Growth Question should be addressed in concert. While degrowth should not fall into the ‘agrarian myth’, CAS should not embrace the ‘myth of growth’, even when green and socialist. Ideas of one philosopher and four agrarian economists are presented, with illustrations from Bhutan, Cuba and North America, hoping to offer a preliminary research agenda for ‘agrarian degrowth’. -
Interracial Marriage: Who Is ‘Marrying Out’? | Pew Research Center Page 1 of 9
Interracial marriage: Who is ‘marrying out’? | Pew Research Center Page 1 of 9 JUNE 12, 2015 Interracial marriage: Who is ‘marrying out’? BY WENDY WANG (HTTP://WWW.PEWRESEARCH.ORG/STAFF/WENDY-WANG/) (http://www.pewresearch.org/fact- tank/2015/06/12/interracial-marriage-who-is- marrying-out/ft_15-06-12-interracial/) Today marks the 48th anniversary of the 1967 U.S. Supreme Court decision Loving v. Virginia (http://partners.nytimes.com/library/national/race/061367race-ra.html) , which struck down all anti- miscegenation laws remaining in 16 states. Interracial marriages have increased steadily since then. In 2013, a record-high 12% of newlyweds married someone of a different race, according to a Pew Research Center analysis (http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2015/06/11/chapter-5-race-and-social-connections-friends- family-and-neighborhoods/#race-marriage-and-intermarriage) of census data. (This share does not take into account the “interethnic” marriages between Hispanics and non-Hispanics, which we covered in an earlier report on intermarriage (http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2012/02/16/the-rise-of-intermarriage/) .) Looking beyond newlyweds, 6.3% of all marriages were between spouses of different races in 2013, up from less than 1% in 1970. http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/06/12/interracial-marriage-who-is-marrying-out/ Interracial marriage: Who is ‘marrying out’? | Pew Research Center Page 2 of 9 Some racial groups are more likely to intermarry than others. Of the 3.6 million adults who got married in 2013, 58% of American Indians, 28% of Asians, 19% of blacks and 7% of whites have a spouse whose race was different from their own. -
Examples of Racial Microaggressions
Examples of Racial Microaggressions Theme Microaggression Message Alien in own land “Where are you from?” You are not American When Asian Americans and Latino “Where were you born?” You are a foreigner Americans are assumed to be “You speak good English.” foreign-born A person asking an Asian American to teach them words in their native language. Ascription of Intelligence “You are a credit to your race.” People of color are generally not as Assigning intelligence to a person of “You are so articulate.” intelligent as Whites. color on the basis of their race. Asking an Asian person to help with a It is unusual for someone of your Math or Science problem. race to be intelligent. All Asians are intelligent and good in Math / Sciences. Color Blindness “When I look at you, I don’t see Denying a person of color’s racial / Statements that indicate that a White color.” ethnic experiences. person does not want to “America is a melting pot.” Assimilate / acculturate to the acknowledge race “There is only one race, the human dominant culture. race.” Denying the individual as a racial / cultural being. Criminality – assumption of criminal A White man or woman clutching You are a criminal. status their purse or checking their wallet as You are going to steal / You are poor A person of color is presumed to be a Black or Latino approaches or / You do not belong / You are dangerous, criminal, or deviant on passes. dangerous. the basis of their race. A store owner following a customer of color around the store. -
Rafael De Abreu E Souza Um Lugar Na Caatinga: Consumo
UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS RAFAEL DE ABREU E SOUZA UM LUGAR NA CAATINGA: CONSUMO, MOBILIDADE E PAISAGEM NO SEMIÁRIDO DO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO CAMPINAS 2017 RAFAEL DE ABREU E SOUZA UM LUGAR NA CAATINGA: CONSUMO, MOBILIDADE E PAISAGEM NO SEMIÁRIDO DO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos pra a obtenção do título de Doutor em Ambiente e Sociedade, na área de Aspectos Sociais de Sustentabilidade e Conservação. Orientadora: Prof.ª DRA. ALINE VIEIRA DE CARVALHO Coorientadora: Prof.ª DRA. CÉLIA REGINA TOMIKO FUTEMMA ESTE EXEMPLAR CORRESPONDE À VERSÃO FINAL DA TESE DEFENDIDA PELO ALUNO RAFAEL DE ABREU E SOUZA, E ORIENTADA PELA PROFA. DRA. ALINE VIEIRA DE CARVALHO. _____________________________________ CAMPINAS 2017 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS A Comissão Julgadora dos trabalhos de Defesa da Tese de Doutorado, composta pelos Professores Doutores a seguir descritos, em sessão pública realizada em 29/03/2017, considerou o candidato Rafael de Abreu e Souza aprovado. Prof. Dra. Aline Vieira de Carvalho (orientadora) Prof.ª Dra. Lucia da Costa Ferreira Prof. Dr. Luis Cláudio Pereira Symanski Prof. Dr. Paulo Eduardo Zanettini Profª. Dra. Nashieli Cecília Rangel Loera A Ata de Defesa, assinada pelos membros da Comissão Examinadora, consta no processo de vida acadêmica do aluno. RESUMO A região Nordeste do Brasil tem sido vista, ao menos desde finais do século XIX, ora como zona pobre, com base em visões deterministas sustentadas por abordagens simplistas nas quais a desertificação, a seca, a fome e a pobreza são encontradas invariavelmente juntas, ora como região diaspórica, argumentação pautada no fato de incidir, em parte, sob ambiente com características áridas marcado por episódios de seca. -
An 'Economic Man' in Every Society
An ‘Economic Man’ in Every Society An Overview of Economic Anthropology and its cross-cultural development as a discipline as it relates to the notion of the ‘Economic Man’ Michelle D’Ippolito 109873628 [email protected] (303) 817-5462 12-16-10 Key Terms: Economic Anthropology, Anthropology, Economics, Institutional Paradigm, Formal Paradigm, Ecological Paradigm, Marxism, Feminism, Economic Man Abstract This paper will give an overview of economic anthropology both in terms of the history of ideas and the philosophy of science. It will look at how the field has developed from several distinct philosophies in economics to the multifaceted approaches within the field today. The first section will look at the roots of the field and the major philosophies and proponents of those philosophies. The second section will look at the more recent trends in terms of how they draw on the earlier philosophies and the new elements they incorporate. The final section will look at how the multifaceted approaches in the field has allowed for new avenues of study. In particular, this section will look how these multifaceted approaches have made the definition of the “economic man” more cross- cultural. ANTH360 Fall 2010 UMCP American Anthropologist Introduction Recent trends in economic anthropology have started to branch out from the traditional schools of thought and paradigms. Anthropologists are now finding that the formerly rigid distinctions between the various schools are more flexible than previously thought. The work of a given anthropologist’s may fit more within a specific approach, but his work will also reflect the influence of several other approaches as well. -
Perceptions of Native and Nonnative Speakers and Observational Analysis of “Divergent” Japanese Language Teachers in Context
Perceptions of Native and Nonnative Speakers and Observational Analysis of “Divergent” Japanese Language Teachers in Context DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Shinsuke Tsuchiya, M.A. Graduate Program in East Asian Languages and Literatures The Ohio State University 2016 Dissertation Committee: Charles Quinn, Ph.D., Advisor Mari Noda, Ph.D. Keiko Samimy, Ph.D. Copyright by Shinsuke Tsuchiya 2016 Abstract This dissertation explores the construction and effects of the notion of “native speaker,” on teachers, mostly graduate teaching associates, in a Japanese language program at a large university in the American midwest. Specifically, it attempts to answer the following two research questions: (1) How do language teachers and students of Japanese in this program perceive native and nonnative language teachers? and (2) How does the iconic construct of “native speaker” affect the language teachers of Japanese in this study? To answer these research questions, both quantitative and qualitative data have been collected from teachers and students of Japanese, and for the purpose of comparison, Chinese, using a triangulation approach that combines survey questionnaires (N=593) with interviews (10 hours of audio recordings) and observations (80 hours of video recordings). Prior research has described the unique challenges that nonnative-speaking teachers face as language teachers (e.g., Braine, 1999). In support of struggling nonnative-speaking language teachers, researchers have noted their advantageous characteristics as well as ways they can contribute as language professionals, owing to their unique backgrounds (e.g., Abe & Yokoyama, 1990; Benke & Medgyes, 2006; Sukle, 1977). -
Multicultural Intelligence
Multicultural Intelligence Eight Make-or-Break Rules for Marketing to Race, Ethnicity, and Sexual Orientation DAVID R. MORSE Paramount Market Publishing, Inc. 950 Danby Road, Suite 136 Ithaca, NY 14850 www.paramountbooks.com Telephone: 607-275-8100; 888-787-8100 Facsimile: 607-275-8101 Publisher: James Madden Editorial Director: Doris Walsh Copyright © 2009 David R. Morse All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Further information may be obtained from Paramount Market Publishing, Inc., 950 Danby Road, Suite 136, Ithaca, NY 14850. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. All trademarks are the property of their respective companies. Cataloging in Publication Data available ISBN 978-0-9801745-6-4 hardcover ISBN 978-0-9801745-9-5 paperback iv .one . Melting Pots, Multiculturalism, and Marketing to the New America In 2004, Comedy Central’s irreverent South Park series aired an epi- sode titled, “Goobacks,” a play on the anti-Mexican slur “wetbacks.” Instead of a wave of immigration from a country to the south, the cartoon town of South Park must contend with an “invasion” by a time-traveler from the year 3040.