Camp D'extermination De Treblinka
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Holocaust Archaeology: Archaeological Approaches to Landscapes of Nazi Genocide and Persecution
HOLOCAUST ARCHAEOLOGY: ARCHAEOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO LANDSCAPES OF NAZI GENOCIDE AND PERSECUTION BY CAROLINE STURDY COLLS A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Institute of Archaeology and Antiquity College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham September 2011 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT The landscapes and material remains of the Holocaust survive in various forms as physical reminders of the suffering and persecution of this period in European history. However, whilst clearly defined historical narratives exist, many of the archaeological remnants of these sites remain ill-defined, unrecorded and even, in some cases, unlocated. Such a situation has arisen as a result of a number of political, social, ethical and religious factors which, coupled with the scale of the crimes, has often inhibited systematic search. This thesis will outline how a non- invasive archaeological methodology has been implemented at two case study sites, with such issues at its core, thus allowing them to be addressed in terms of their scientific and historical value, whilst acknowledging their commemorative and religious significance. -
Memorias, Historia, Derechos Humanos
HISPANIA NOVA Revista de Historia Contemporánea http://hispanianova.rediris.es SEPARATA Nº 8 - Año 2008 E-mail: [email protected] © HISPANIANOVA ISSN: 1138-7319 - Depósito legal: M-9472-1998 Se podrá disponer libremente de los artículos y otros materiales contenidos en la revista solamente en el caso de que se usen con propósito educativo o científico y siempre y cuando sean citados correctamente. Queda expresamente penado por la ley cualquier aprovechamiento comercial. HISPANIA NOVA. Revista de Historia Contemporánea. Número 8 (2008) http://hispanianova.rediris.es HISPANIA NOVA http://hispanianova.rediris.es/ Xavier ROCA DOMINGO: LA LÓGICA DE LA SOLUCIÓN FINAL. UNA GUERRA MORAL . RESUMEN El examen de los criterios seguidos por el régimen nazi en su persecución e intento de aniquilación de los judíos europeos revela graves incoherencias con un modelo de persecución por motivos religiosos o raciales. Se defiende que el único sentido posible de la persecución fue cultural y, específicamente, moral. La reeducación y/o rehabilitación social de los judíos fue considerada imposible desde los inicios del régimen y del sistema de campos de concentración, juzgándose necesario establecer centros de exterminio ad hoc, los cuales, a pesar de su eficacia asesina, fracasaron en el deseo del régimen de proceder con la debida Anständigkeit y fueron por tanto sustituidos por el sistema de Auschwitz. Toda la evolución tecnológica y organizativa de la Solución Final desde los Einsatzgruppen hasta Birkenau presenta una evolución objetiva hacia formas cada vez más impersonales y asépticas de exterminio, evidenciando un componente moral en la toma de decisiones con frecuencia ignorado o ridiculizado. La conclusión define la Solución Final como una guerra moral, es decir, de destrucción de una moral por otra mediante la eliminación de su base biológica. -
September / October
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR YAD VASHEM Vol. 46-No. 1 ISSN 0892-1571 September/October 2019-Tishri/Cheshvan 5780 “TWO ARE BETTER THAN ONE… AND A THREEFOLD CORD CANNOT QUICKLY BE BROKEN” n Sunday, November 17, 2019, the are leaders of numerous organizations, including membrance for their grandparents, and to rein- American Society for Yad Vashem AIPAC, WIZO, UJA, and American Friends of force their commitment to Yad Vashem so that will be honoring three generations of Rambam Hospital. the world will never forget. Oone family at our Annual Tribute Din- Jonathan and Sam Friedman have been ll three generations, including ner in New York City. The Gora-Sterling-Fried- deeply influenced by Mona, David and their ex- David’s three children — Ian and his man family reflects the theme of this year’s traordinary grandparents, Jack and Paula. Grow- wife Laura, Jeremy and his wife Tribute Dinner, which comes from Kohelet. “Two ing up, they both heard Jack tell his story of AMorgan, and Melissa — live in the are better than one… and a threefold cord can- survival and resilience at the Yom HaShoah pro- greater New York City area. They gather often, not quickly be broken” (4:9-12). All three gener- ations are proud supporters of Yad Vashem and are deeply committed to the mission of Holo- caust remembrance and education. Paula and Jack Gora will receive the ASYV Remembrance Award, Mona and David Sterling will receive the ASYV Achievement Award, and Samantha and Jonathan Friedman and Paz and Sam Friedman will receive the ASYV Young Leadership Award. -
Peter Black Odilo Globocnik, Nazi Eastern Policy, and the Implementation of the Final Solution
www.doew.at – Dokumentationsarchiv des österreichischen Widerstandes (Hrsg.), Forschungen zum Natio- nalsozialismus und dessen Nachwirkungen in Österreich. Festschrift für Brigitte Bailer, Wien 2012 91 Peter Black Odilo Globocnik, Nazi Eastern Policy, and the Implementation of the Final Solution During the spring of 1943, while on an inspection tour of occupied Poland that included a briefing on the annihilation of the Polish Jews, SS Personnel Main Office chief Maximilian von Herff characterized Lublin District SS and Police Leader and SS-Gruppenführer Odilo Globocnik, in the following way: “A man fully charged with all possible light and dark sides. Little concerned with ap- pearances, fanatically obsessed with the task, [he] engages himself to the limit without concern for health or superficial recognition. His energy drives him of- ten to breach existing boundaries and to forget the boundaries established for him within the [SS-] Order – not out of personal ambition, but much more for the sake of his obsession with the matter at hand. His success speaks unconditionally for him.”1 Von Herff’s analysis of Globocnik’s reflected a consistent pattern in the ca- reer of the Nazi Party organizer and SS officer, who characteristically atoned for his transgressions of the National Socialist code of behavior by fanatical pursuit and implementation of core Nazi goals.2 Globocnik was born to Austro-Croat parents on April 21, 1904 in multina- tional Trieste, then the principal seaport of the Habsburg Monarchy. His father’s family had come from Neumarkt (Tržič), in Slovenia. Franz Globocnik served as a Habsburg cavalry lieutenant and later a senior postal official; he died of pneumonia on December 1, 1919. -
Holocaust Documents
The Holocaust The Holocaust is a period in European history that took place in Nazi Germany during the late 1930s and 1940s, just prior to and during World War II. It is important for all people to have an understanding of this genocide. This packet contains a large amount of primary and secondary source information. You should familiarize yourself with this for our discussion. My expectations for this 45 minute Harkness Table are high. I want to hear evidence of your reading and understanding of what happened in the holocaust. This packet is yours to keep. Feel free to mark it up. You may consider using a highlighter; post it notes, something to organize your research and studying so you may be able to hold an intellectual and informed discussion. Additionally, on the day you are not participating in the circle you will need to be contributing to the Google back channel discussion. Please bring your electronic device, phone, tablet, and laptop, whatever you have, to the class. I will be looking for your active engagement in the virtual discussion outside the circle. To view a timeline of the events that you are studying please visit the following webpage: http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/timeline.html To view images of the Holocaust and German occupation please visit the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum at the following link: http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_list.php?MediaType=ph Some thoughts and questions to consider when you are preparing: • Who were the Nazis? • What did they stand for? • When did they take control in Germany? • Who was Adolph Hitler? • Who was responsible for the destruction of millions of Jews, Poles, Gypsies, and other groups during World War II? • How could this happen? • Why didn’t the allies do anything to stop it? The Wannsee Protocols On January 20, 1942, an extraordinary 90-minute meeting took place in a lakeside villa in the wealthy Wannsee district of Berlin. -
Additional Research Notes
Additional Research Notes Below is more information related to Joe’s story, including concen tration camps, ship transporting dislocated persons, camp for dislocated persons, camp commandants/other Nazi officials and their fate, and famous shoe companies. 1. Concentration Camps A. Auschwitz/Birkenau, Poland (Concentration Camp) Author’s Note : Joe arrived at Auschwitz on April 30, 1942 and was housed at its sister camp, Birkenau, or “Auschwitz II,” where two days a week he was forced to move the bodies of the dead from the gas chamber to open pits. He was also required to do daily calisthenics and work in many other areas around the camp, including snow removal on the massive grounds. Joe was eventually assigned to a slave labor crew working in a nearby coal mine. For a short while, the inmate miners were forced to walk several miles each day to the coal mine and back. When Joe was finally moved from Birkenau to a camp near the coal mine, he le Auschwitz for the last time, but the mining camp remained under the authority of Auschwitz. Joe permanently lost the hearing in one ear from the repeated explosions of dynamite. Documents provided by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C., show that in June 1944, Joe (Juzek Rubinsztein) was sent from the Auschwitz complex (we believe from the Jawischowitz Sub-camp/Brzeszcze Coal Mine) to Buchenwald, Germany. His official number while at Auschwitz was 34207. At Buchenwald, his number was 117.666. 1, 2 e Auschwitz Concentration Camp, located thirty-seven miles west of Krakow, near the Polish city of Oswiecim, was in an area annexed by Nazi Germany in 1939 aer its invasion of Poland. -
Příloha Č. 12: Sobibórský Proces 1965
Sobibórský proces před Zemským soudem v Hagenu 1965 Obžalovaný funkce v Sobibóru trestný čin rozsudek Karl Frenzel (*20. 6. 1911 napomáhání ke společné vraždě vedoucí tábora I (židovské pracovní Zehdenick – †2. 9. 1996 nejméně 150 000 osob, vražda 6 doživotí komando) Garbsen) židovských vězňů Franz Wolf (*9. 4. 1907 in dozor nad svlékáním obětí, dozor napomáhání ke společné vraždě 8 let odnětí svobody Český Krumlov – †???) nad tříděním obětí po obětech nejméně 39.000 osob Erich Fuchs (*9. 4. 1902 obstarávání materiálu pro stavu napomáhání ke společné vraždě Berlín – †25. 7. 1980 4 roky odnětí svobody vyhlazovací části tábora nejméně 79.000 osob Koblenz) Alfred Ittner (*13. 1. 1907 táborový písař, konfiskace cenností napomáhání ke společné vraždě Kulmbach – †3. 11. 1976 4 roky odnětí svobody obětí nejméně 68 000 osob Kulmbach) Erwin Lambert (*7. 12. stavitel organizace T4 (stavba napomáhání ke společné vraždě 1909 Schildow – †15. 10. 3 roky odnětí svobody plynových komor v Sobibóru) nejméně 57 000 osob 1976 Stuttgart) Werner Dubois (*26. 2. 1913 Wuppertal – †22. 10. napomáhání ke společné vraždě přechodně vedení lesního komanda 3 roky odnětí svobody 1971 Münster ) nejméně 15.000 osob Erich Lachmann (*6. 11. velitel strážního komanda napomáhání ke společné vraždě osvobozující rozsudek kvůli 1909 in Liegnitz – †23. 1. z Trawnik, do podzimu 1942 nejméně 150.000 osob údajnému nedostatku důkazů 1972 Wegscheid) Hans–Heinz Schütt (*6. 4. napomáhání ke společné vraždě osvobozující rozsudek kvůli úřední činnost a platové záležitosti 1908 Dummersdorf – †???) nejméně 86.000 osob údajnému nedostatku důkazů velitel komanda pro stavbu statku Heinrich Unverhau (*26. 5. na místě vyhlazovacího tábora napomáhání ke společné vraždě osvobozující rozsudek kvůli 1911 Vienenburg – †???) v Sobibóru a v Bełżecu za účelem nejméně 72.000 osob údajnému nedostatku důkazů zakrytí stop po masovém vraždění Robert Emil Franz Xaver napomáhání ke společné vraždě 30 osvobozující rozsudek kvůli Jührs (*17. -
Die Akte Sobibor
Jürgen Graf, Thomas Kues, Carlo Mattogno DIE AKTE SOBIBOR Dem Andenken an Jürgen Rieger gewidmet INHALT Teil 1. Die gnadenlose Hatz auf den greisen John Demjanjuk ...................................................................... 1 Teil 2. Das offizielle Sobibor-Bild und die zeitgenössischen Dokumente ......................................................... 5 Teil 3. Der Schlüsselzeuge .................................................................................................................... 11 Teil 4. Die Entstehung des Mythos ......................................................................................................... 18 Teil 5. Das Lager Sobibor in der Darstellung der offiziellen Geschichtsschreibung ......................................... 23 Teil 6. Julius Schelvis’ Standardwerk über Sobibor. Eine kritische Analyse ................................................... 27 Teil 7. Zeugen-Panorama ...................................................................................................................... 32 Teil 8. Toivi Blatt, sein Tagebuch und sein Gespräch mit Karl August Frenzel ............................................... 37 Teil 9. Die „Gaskammern“ von Sobibor im Lichte der „Augenzeugenberichte“ und „historischen Forschungen“ . 42 Teil 10. Die beiden Sobibor-Prozesse von 1950 ....................................................................................... 46 Teil 11. Der Sobibor-Prozeß in Hagen (1965/1966) ................................................................................. -
|||GET||| Trap with a Green Fence Survival in Treblinka 1St Edition
TRAP WITH A GREEN FENCE SURVIVAL IN TREBLINKA 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Richard Glazar | 9780810111691 | | | | | Richard Glazar These were rich people; the transports bulged with possessions. With me. German and Ukrainian SS-men stood at the corners of the barracks and were shooting blindly into the crowd. See also: Friedman, Philip January Malnutrition and lack of medicine led to soaring mortality rates. Out of the corner of my eye I saw an SS man coming. Book Description Northwestern University Press, Perceptively he reveals how the welfare of the working Jews depended directly on the number of deportation trains arriving at Treblinka. The archaeological team performing the search discovered three new mass graves. Clean-up operations continued over the winter. In the post-war years, Glazar studied in PragueParisand Londonearning a degree in economics. I saw the others undressing. Chicago: University of Chicago. While Trap with a Green Fence Survival in Treblinka 1st edition were awaiting their fate outside the gas chambers, Ivan the Terrible allegedly tortured, beat, and killed many of them. For we threw ourselves on their food. Elsternwick, Vic. Archived from the original on 14 October United States Holocaust Museum. More information about this seller Contact this seller. I remember watching them from our barracks, already naked, milling amidst their baggage, and David Bratt said to me: "Maccabees! Trap with a Green Fence. James Bender. In my compartment there was an elderly couple. Speed was reduced, with only ten wagons rolled onto the ramp at a time, while the Trap with a Green Fence Survival in Treblinka 1st edition had to wait. -
The Stangl Case: Perceptions and Memories of Nazi-Perpetrators and Jewish Survivors of the Holocaust
$&7$+,675,$( received: 2004-04-02 UDC 343.337-058.55"1940/1971" THE STANGL CASE: PERCEPTIONS AND MEMORIES OF NAZI-PERPETRATORS AND JEWISH SURVIVORS OF THE HOLOCAUST Karl STUHLPFARRER Universität Klagenfurt, Institut für Geschichte, Abt.f. Zeitgeschichte, A-9020 Klagenfurt, Universitätsstraße 65-67 e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The article discusses three major problems in the legal proceedings against Holocaust perpetrators after the destruction of the Nazi system in Europe: firstly the long period after the first major trials against them in Nuremberg in 1946 and the following years; secondly the effects of an over-twenty-year-long interruption of public discussions, self-victimizing in legal proceedings in Germany (the banished Germans) and Austria (as a whole), the strategies for denial on the one hand and for remembering as well as remembrance on the other hand; thirdly the influence of per- sonal interests and personal experiences of judges, advocates and juries in proceed- ings with interrogations, and finally the passing of judgment on the perpetrators to give full or at least partial satisfaction to the surviving victims. Key words: Nazism, war crimes, Holocaust, death camps, post-war trials, Franz Stangl, Austria IL CASO STANGL: PERCEZIONI E MEMORIE DEI CRIMINALI NAZISTI E DEGLI EBREI SOPRAVVISSUTI ALL'OLOCAUSTO SINTESI La relazione riguarda tre problemi fondamentali nei procedimenti contro i re- sponsabili dell'Olocausto dopo la caduta del nazismo in Europa: i processi ai crimi- nali di guerra nazisti, a partire -
Heterotopia, Utopia, and the Extermination Camps of Operation Reinhard
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: DARK MIRROR: HETEROTOPIA, UTOPIA, AND THE EXTERMINATION CAMPS OF OPERATION REINHARD Sarah Wanenchak, Doctor of Philosophy, 2019 Dissertation directed by: Professor Roberto P. Korzeniewicz, Chair, Department of Sociology, University of Maryland In Michel Foucault's body of work, the notion of heterotopia stands out as both particularly intriguing and particularly underdeveloped. Introduced in the introduction of The Order of Things (first published 1966) and further described in the lecture “Of Other Spaces” (1967), heterotopia has been used by scholars in a variety of fields, from social theory to architecture. Of special interest is the way Foucault describes the relationship between heterotopia and utopia, one defined by its liminal nature and the other by its unreality. This work seeks to shed new light on that relationship, by focusing on heterotopias as threshold spaces between the real social world and the perfected but unreal world to come. I approach the concept of utopia with an eye toward its eliminationist implications, and use three extermination camps established as part of the Nazi regime’s Operation Reinhard as cases through which to explore significant features of a heterotopia, how those features manifest in these cases, and what connects these spaces to the world that can be glimpsed in the mirror they create. Although I primarily use historical cases as a way to expand existing theory, I aim to build upon that expansion by pointing the way toward the development of new theoretical tools for historical-comparative analysis of spaces of both extermination and detention. Finally, I suggest that work might be done focusing on embodied identities as themselves forms of heterotopia, which introduces possibilities for additional analysis of the roles of bodies and identity in cases of certain kinds of mass violence and death. -
Università Degli Studi Di Pisa Dottorato in Storia XIX Ciclo-2004 M-STO/04
Università degli Studi di Pisa Dottorato in Storia XIX ciclo-2004 M-STO/04 La politica di repressione tedesca nel Litorale Adriatico (1943-1945) Candidato Tutor Dott. Giorgio Liuzzi Prof. Paolo Pezzino Coordinatore del Dottorato Prof. Roberto Bizzocchi INDICE Introduzione 1 I Parte 1. La nascita dell’Operationszone Adriatisches Küstenland 12 1.1.2 Friedrich Rainer 16 1.1.3 Le radici dell’OZAK 20 1.1.4 OZAK una scelta politica o militare 27 1.2 La politica dell’Oberste Kommissar 34 1.2.2 La scissione dall’Italia 34 1.2.3 Gli obiettivi della Zivilverwaltung 41 2. Il sistema giudiziario 54 2.1.2 Il «Tribunale speciale di pubblica sicurezza» 60 2.1.3 Autorità civile e autorità militare 64 2.1.4 Una seduta del Tribunale Speciale di Pubblica Sicurezza 66 3. L’apparato repressivo nell’OZAK 69 3.1 La Wehrmacht nell’OZAK 72 3.1.2 Il General der Gebirgstruppen Ludwig Kübler 73 3.1.3 I compiti del Befehlshaber 75 3.1.4 La Wehrmacht e l’amministrazione civile 79 3.1.5 Le forze militari nell’OZAK 82 3.2 Le forze di Polizia nell’OZAK 89 3.2.2 L’Ordnungspolizei 90 3.2.3 La Sipo/SD 93 3.2.4 Odilo Globocnick 95 3.2.5 L’Höherer SS- und Polizei-Führer in der OZAK 102 3.2.6 Le truppe speciali di Globocnik 105 3.2.7 La 24. Waffen-Gebirgs (Karstjäger) Division der SS 113 3.3 Bandenkampfgebiet 119 I 3.4 I centri della repressione 127 3.4.1 La prigione di Udine 128 3.4.2 Il comando di Cividale 130 3.4.3 Il centro di repressione di Palmanova 133 3.4.4 Il comando della Sipo/SD di Trieste 139 3.4.5 Il Polizeihaftlager della Risiera di San Sabba 143 4.