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Diversidade E Estrutura Da Nematofauna Em Regiões Estuarinas Tropicais (~7°S)

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Diversidade E Estrutura Da Nematofauna Em Regiões Estuarinas Tropicais (~7°S) Universidade Federal da Paraíba- UFPB Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza - CCEN Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - PPGCB Área de Concentração: Zoologia Sebastião Tilbert Ângelo da Silva Diversidade e estrutura da nematofauna em regiões estuarinas tropicais (~7°S) João Pessoa Agosto de 2017 Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza - CCEN Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - PPGCB Área de Concentração: Zoologia Sebastião Tilbert Ângelo da Silva Diversidade e estrutura da nematofauna em regiões estuarinas tropicais (~7°S) Dissertação apresentada à Coordenação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), da Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, como um dos principais requisitos de obtenção de título de Mestre em Zoologia. Orientador: Dr. Miodeli Nogueira Júnior Orientador: Dr. Francisco José Victor de Castro Coorientadora: Dra. Maria Cristina da Silva João Pessoa 2017 Diversidade e estrutura da nematofauna em regiões estuarinas tropicais (~7°S) Aprovado em 30/08/2017 Banca examinadora: ________________________________________________ Dra. Micheli Cristina Thomas. UDESC (Titular externo) João Pessoa 2017 Ao meu querido irmão Anthonio Quirino Netto (in memorian) À minha amada mãe Zenilda Ângelo, com certeza esta vitória também é sua. Te amo. Agradecimentos Ao meu querido orientador. Dr. Miodeli Nogueira (Grande gafanhoto) por toda atenção, paciência, apoio e por tudo que me ensinou durante o curso de Mestrado tanto no âmbito da ciência quanto na vida, me aconselhando a sempre ser uma pessoa assertiva. Você se tornou um grande amigo, pelo qual tenho muita admiração, consideração e respeito. Ao meu querido segundo orientador. Dr. Francisco Castro por ter permitido esta parceria entre a UFCG e a UFPB me dando todo apoio e orientações necessários para realizar os procedimentos no Laboratório de Meiofauna do CES-UFCG. Tenho muita gratidão pela sua amizade e por tudo que fez por mim desde o início da graduação em Ciências Biológicas. À minha coorientadora. Dra. Maria Cristina da Silva pela relevante ajuda na completude desta pesquisa me auxiliando na identificação dos Nematoda. Obrigado por ter compartilhado comigo seu vasto conhecimento em taxonomia, contribuindo significativamente para a minha formação de Mestre em Zoologia. Agradeço à Thatiany Sousa, que apesar de tudo, nunca deixou de me dar apoio nos momentos em que mais precisei. Você é uma das pessoas mais importantes que existiram na minha vida. Aos grandes amigos do Mestrado (Os caras): Wallisson Sylas, Edigleidson Valadares, Pedro Lucas, Adonias Teixeira, Diêgo Teles, João Antônio e João Victor por vivenciarem comigo tantos momentos divertidos nas nossas peladas nos fins de semana e na universidade (nos intervalos entre as aulas ou na gigantesca fila do RU). Agradeço a Wallisson Sylas (Ceará) por ter sido tão paciente e companheiro comigo ao longo do curso de Mestrado. Obrigado do coração pela sua amizade meu grande amigo. Aos colegas do ‘‘Laboratório de Miodeli’’ (Laboratório de Invertebrados Paulo Young – Lipy), em especial Lívia Oliveira, Pedro Vieira, Júlio Rufino, Bruna Marinho, João Paulo, Varínia Medeiros e Ana Luísa. Agradeço especialmente a Pedro Vieira, Lívia Oliveira, Varínia Medeiros e Isabela Gerônimo pelo apoio durante as coletas da meiofauna. Agradeço à técnica do Laboratório. Dra. Priscila Anne (agora professora da UFPB) por ser tão prestativa e competente, estando sempre disposta a ajudar nos momentos em que mais precisei. Agradeço imensamente ao professor André Carlos, um grande amigo que nos deu estadia em sua casa na APA do Rio Mamanguape para a realização das coletas. Aos meus colegas do Laboratório de Meiofauna (Labmeio): Bruna Kelly, Géssica Tavares, Fábio Barros e Fátima Cândido por compartilharem momentos de trabalho e diversão no Labmeio. A minha mãe Zenilda e Adelma. Obrigado por todo amor e cuidado. Amo vocês! À minha família: meus avós Pedro Ângelo e Dona Tereza; minhas tias Zilda e Zilma e meus primos-irmãos Pedro Henrique e Júlio Cesar. Obrigado por existirem na minha vida. Aos meus amigos de sempre: Valdenor Silva, Allison Buriti, Gabriel Dantas, Túlio Dantas, Bruno Victor e Patrícia Kelly. Pessoas que admiro muito. Obrigado por tantos momentos bons que me proporcionaram ao longo da vida. Agradeço a atenção do prof. Dr. Sérgio Netto da Unisul que apesar de seu tempo bastante corrido, me ensinou sobre o cálculo e interpretação do índice de diversidade trófica. Sem sua contribuição, com certeza o nosso trabalho não seria tão robusto. Agradeço a todos os professores e alunos do Mestrado e Doutorado do PPGCB- Zoologia que contribuíram direta ou indiretamente com minha formação de Mestre em Zoologia. Aos professores. Dr. Martin Lindsey Christoffersen e Dra. Micheli Cristina Thomas, foi uma honra tê-los como componentes da banca examinadora. Agradeço imensamente pela análise crítica desta obra. Obrigado! “E eu não pergunto, porque eu já sei que a vida não é uma resposta Se eu aconteço aqui se deve ao fato de eu simplesmente ser Se deve ao fato de eu simplesmente...”. (Raul Seixas - Todo mundo explica) Sumário Resumo geral ................................................................................................................................. 1 General abstract ............................................................................................................................. 2 Introdução geral ............................................................................................................................ 3 Referências .................................................................................................................................... 6 Capítulo 1: Diversidade de Nematoda de vida livre em estuários tropicais (NE Brasil, 07°S) ..... 8 Resumo .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... 10 1. Introdução ............................................................................................................................... 11 2. Material e Métodos ................................................................................................................. 13 2.1 Áreas de estudo ................................................................................................................. 13 2.2 Solicitação de coleta em unidade de conservação federal ................................................. 14 2.3 Trabalho de campo ............................................................................................................ 15 2.4 Trabalho de laboratório ..................................................................................................... 15 2.5 Análise dos dados .............................................................................................................. 15 3. Resultados e Discussão ........................................................................................................... 16 4. Considerações finais ................................................................................................................ 25 5. Referências .............................................................................................................................. 25 Capítulo 2: Estrutura espacial e temporal da comunidade meiofaunística com ênfase na nematofauna em um estuário tropical (NE Brasil, 07°S) ............................................................ 30 Resumo ........................................................................................................................................ 31 Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... 32 1. Introdução ............................................................................................................................... 33 2. Material e métodos .................................................................................................................. 34 2.1 Área de estudo ................................................................................................................... 34 2.2 Solicitação de coleta em unidade de conservação federal ................................................. 36 2.3 Trabalho de campo ............................................................................................................ 36 2.4 Trabalho de laboratório ..................................................................................................... 37 2.5 Dados pluviométricos ........................................................................................................ 37 2.6 Índice de diversidade trófica (IDT) ................................................................................... 38 2.7 Índice de maturidade (IM) ................................................................................................. 38 2.8 Análise dos Dados ............................................................................................................. 39 3. Resultados ............................................................................................................................... 40 3.1 Fatores abióticos e matéria orgânica ................................................................................
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