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Learn the Ropes - Section One

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Little Mates, Ahoy! - Week Two - Learn the Ropes - Section One Find Your Bearings Navigating a Ship The modern phrase “find your bearings” comes from the maritime tradition of taking compass bearings. With this, the first step to becoming a sailor is to find your location on a ship. Look at the diagram below and learn your place on a vessel. Definitions: Aft: This is the back of the ship (inside), it comes AFTER. Stern: This is the aftermost part of the vessel - outboard. Port : Left side of the ship from the centerline. Starboard: The right side of the ship from the centerline. Bow: The forwardmost part of the vessel - outboard. photo when you have finished. finished. have you when photo a Take templates! these using thewalls on directions the label and home your in room a Pick 2. Navigating aShip AFT FORWARD Feel free to create your own templates. own your create to free Feel PORT STARBOARD Ship Structure 3. Here, you will learn more about the masts and yards onboard the US Brig Niagara. Look at this diagram and learn all the names for the masts and yards. 1. Yawl Boat 12.Fore Topgallant Yard 23.Cutter (Same on Port Side) 2. Spanker Boom 13.Fore Topgallant Mast 3. Mainmast 14.Fore Topsail Yard 4. Main Yard 15.Fore Topmast 5. Main Top 16. Fore Top 6. Main Topmast 17.Fore Yard 7. Main Topsail Yard 18.Foremast 8. Main Topgallant Mast 19.Bowsprit 9. Main Topgallant Yard 20. Martingale 10.Main Royal Yard 22.Jibboom 11.Fore Royal Yard 22.Flying Jibboom Ship Structure 4. Now that you know where everything goes, try to label all of the yards and masts in the blanks below. Refer to the previous page if you need it! 10 11 9 12 8 13 7 14 15 6 5 4 16 17 3 22 2 18 21 20 1 23 19 1. 9. 17. 2. 10. 18. 3. 11. 19. 4. 12. 20. 5. 13. 21. 6. 14. 22. 7. 15. 23. 8. 16. Wind Power 5. In the days before engines and steam, ships moved on muscle and wind power. The Brig Niagara has 15 sails! Pay close attention and learn where all of these sails go on the ship and how they are named - they may look familiar to you. 6. Use the sails on the next page to learn these further. Try to draw or make a 3-D version of Niagara. When that’s done, simply cut out the sails on the next page and place them in their correct location. Wind Power Wind Power When people see Niagara for the first time, they generally look at all of her sails. In 1813, the sails would have been made out of linen - a plant grown throughout the country to make fabric. The linen was transported from Philadelphia and, once here in Erie, it was turned into rope and sails. The Brig Niagara can move in all directions and required many sailors to move her, working all 6 miles of rope/line onboard! 7. Think about all of the work it took to move the ship. What is required to make the Niagara move? ________________________________________ 8. How could the wind help or harm Perry’s fleet? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________. 9. What are some things you use or play with that uses wind to work? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ Wind Power Optional Activity : Make-a-Kite Supplies Needed: Construction Paper OR Recycled Paper Bag OR Cloth String Ribbon (Optional) 2 Straight Sticks or Dowel Rods Tape or Glue 1. Have your parent carve a small notch in the two sticks - one stick should be slightly larger than the second. 2. Tie or tape the sticks together like a cross - the horizontal stick should be the larger of the two. 3. Measure your paper to fit the two sticks. 4. Cut out the paper/cloth to form your kite. 5. Take your string and tie it in sections around the ends of your sticks to make the outer edges of your kite. 6. Place your sticks and string on the back of the paper. Make sure it lines up perfectly. Photo Credit: DragonflyFun. com 7. Fold the paper/bag/cloth around the string. 8. Tape the paper/cloth down. Food For Thought: 9. Create a tail using ribbon. What do kites and ship sails have 10. Get crafty with this, maybe write “Don’t Give Up The in common? How do they both Ship” on the front?! capture the wind? FINISHED! Go fly Your Kite. Section Two Identifying Ships What Ship Is This? Did you know there are many kinds of boats and ships - it’s all in the way the sails are set up. For this activity, we will describe a ship or boat based on the sails and hull. After you have read the description, look at the “silhouettes” and try to match them correctly. Descriptions: Square Rigged Fore-and-Aft Rigged This type of ship has three or more masts. Its fore and mainmasts are rigged Barque "square" while the mizzen mast is rigged "fore and aft". The Barquentine is a vessel that is rigged with three or more masts. The Barquentine difference between the Barque and Barquentine is that the Barquentine's fore- mast is the only square-rigged mast. A Brig is a two-masted square rigged sailing vessel. Attached to the mainmast is a Brig spanker. A Brigantine is a two-masted vessel. The foremast is fully rigged while the main- Brigantine mast has at least two sails. The mainmast is the taller of the two. A schooner is a type of vessel that has two or more masts, all of which are fore- Schooner and-aft rigged. The mainmast is generally taller than the foremast. Ship A “ship” is a fully rigged vessel with three or more square-rigged masts. Sloop A sloop is a one-masted with a fore-and-aft rigged headsail and mainsail. What Ship Is This? _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ Ship Silhouettes provided by https://tallshipskotka.fi/en/vessels/ Section Three Nautical Lingo Salty Speak Much of our modern language comes from the centuries-old language of the sea. For this activity, you will try to learn some of these modern phrases that come from seafarers of yesteryear. Read the following sentences and try to fill in the blanks with the word you think fits best. The answers are listed if you get stumped. Anchors Aweigh! Salty Speak Choices: Aloft Groggy Out of the Blue Ahoy Gobstopper Over the Barrel Cut and Run In the Doldrums Pipe Down Dead Ahead Keel Over Scuttlebutt Down the Hatch Know the Ropes Shiver Me Timbers Fathom Landlubber Show Your Colors First Rate Leeway Square Meal Forge Ahead Let the Cat Out of the Bag Taken Aback Get Your Bearings Long Shot Under the Weather Go Overboard Mess Windfall Salty Speak 1. To ______________________________________ is to get a fix on the direction you are heading. 2. When you’re _____________________________, you probably feel down in the dumps. Ships sailing near the equator would often get stuck in calm seas for days or weeks because of lack of wind. When this happened, sailors would often have to man the sweeps to get the ship moving again. 3. When sailing in high seas, sailors would often exclaim ___________________________ when the ship’s timbers would shake under their feet. 4. The Bosun’ would _____________________________ in the presence of an unruly sailor who needed to be punished - often used today to deliver bad news or when someone lets something slip. 5. If you’re feeling ____________________________ this means you’re sick. In the days of the Age of Sail, this meant you were below deck resting. 6. _____________________________ means you know your way around, know what you’re doing. 7. _____________________________ is totally unexpected. Short for “out of the clear blue sky” and is an analogy to a sudden change in weather. 8. Up above the deck ___________________________. 9. The word _________________ is usually used to say hello! 10. If you’re feeling a bit _______________________, it could be that you’re a little sleepy or drunk from too much grog (mixture of water and whiskey). 11. _______________________ is the amount of the ship that is being blown leeward. 12. A _________________ is an eating place aboard a ship. 13. To be surprised or halted is to be______________________________. This comes from when the ship’s sails are turned into the wind and the ship is halted in the water. 14. To ______________________________ means to show your allegiance or position. This comes from when a ship would fly is nation’s flag. 15. If you ________________________________ it probably means you’ve done too much. In the maritime world is means to go into the water. 16. Sailors earned three of these. To get a _____________________ meant you had a significant meal. These would often be eaten on a square plate. 17. A __________________________ Ship-Of-The-Line was the largest and most powerful ship of the day. Less powerful ships were rated downward. 18. A ______________________ is something that probably won’t happen. In the Age of Sail, it meant to fire at a ship that was just out of range. 19. The Bosun’ would blow their whistle when it was time to ____________________ . This meant it was lights out and time to go below to rest. Salty Speak 20. A ____________________________ is someone who doesn’t have their sea legs yet. 21. A gabby or talkative sailor was often prescribed a mouthful of grapeshot .
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