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A Maritime Resource Survey for Washington’S Saltwater Shores

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A Maritime Resource Survey for Washington’S Saltwater Shores A MAritiMe resource survey For Washington’s Saltwater Shores Washington Department of archaeology & historic preservation This Maritime Resource Survey has been financed in part with Federal funds from the National Park Service, Department of the Interior administered by the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (DAHP) and the State of Washington. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior, DAHP, the State of Washington nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior or DAHP. This program received Federal funds from the National Park Service. Regulations of the U.S. Department of Interior strictly prohibit unlawful discrimination in departmental Federally Assisted Programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, or handicap. Any person who believes he or she has been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility operated by a recipient of Federal assistance should write to: Director, Equal Opportunity Program, U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1849 C Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20240. publishing Data this report commissioned by the Washington state Department of archaeology and historic preservation through funding from a preserve america grant and prepared by artifacts consulting, inc. DAHP grant no. FY11-PA-MARITIME-02 CFDa no. 15-904 cover image Data image courtesy of Washington state archives Washington state Department of archaeology and historic preservation suite 106 1063 south capitol Way olympia, Wa 98501 published June 27, 2011 A MAritiMe resource survey For Washington’s Saltwater Shores 3 contributors the authors of this report wish to extend our deep gratitude to the many indi- viduals, institutions and groups that made this report possible. Washington state Department of archaeology and historic preservation: allyson brooks, ph.D., greg griffith,r ob Whitlam, ph.D., russ holter, michael houser, stephen mathison, megan Duvall, stephenie Kramer, rick anderson, morgan mclemore, and loren Doolittle. Washington state historical society; Washington state library; Washington state archives, mary hammer; Washington state parks; Whatcom museum of history and art; city of bellingham, Katie franks and Jacquelyn lynch; city of gig harbor, lita Dawn stanton; city of anacortes; city of friday harbor, sandy strehlou; city of port townsend, John mcDonagh; city of port angeles, Derek beery; edmonds histori- cal museum, tarin erickson; harbor history museum, Jennifer Kilmer; center for Wooden boats, betsy Davis and emmett smith; schooner alcyone, leslie mcnish, sound experience/schooner adventuress, Zach simonson-bond; northwest seaport, lake union; grays harbor historical seaport, captain les bolton; bellingham pub- lic library system, Donna grasdock; gig harbor boat shop, guy hoppen and John mcmillan; northwest maritime center & Wooden boat foundation, Jake beattie and lenore maranan-goldstein; northwest school of Wooden boatbuilding; tacoma public library, northwest room, brian Kamens; pacific northwest maritime heri- tage council; ed Josberger, thunderbird fleet #1; bellingham international mari- time museum, mike granat; steve mayo; Janet oakley; scott rohrer; todd lord; foss Waterway seaport, tom cashman; seattle yacht club, steve hall and Jon Decker; Don and shanty slater; suldan’s boat Works; alan anderson; bill’s boat house, David anderson and family; and university of Washington, special collections. A MAritiMe resource survey For Washington’s Saltwater Shores 5 proJect team project team members consisted predominately of artifacts consulting, inc. staff. michael sullivan, principal-in-charge, provided project coordination and vision. tim mcDonald, principal, coordinated the water-based portion of the field work aboard his wooden sailboat puffin, and assisted with the vessel survey and writing. spen- cer howard, partner, provided project management and project team coordination, land-based field work coordination and field work, archival research, writing, gis mapping, historic map geo-referencing, data entry and review, and public meeting assistance. mary thompson assisted with physical needs issues. susan Johnson, as- sociate, assisted in land and water-based field work, archival research, writing, gis mapping, historic map geo-referencing, data entry and review, vessel survey coor- dination, public meeting coordination, and certified local government and historical society outreach. Katie chase, associate, assisted in land and water-based field work, public meetings, archival research, writing, gis mapping, historic map geo-referenc- ing, data entry and review, report and community map design and layout, facebook profile management, andp owerpoint and flier design and preparation.c hristy John- son, associate undertook data entry and review, Dahp blog material preparation, and assisted with public outreach coordination. niki stojnic edited context themes for broad audience readability. Dave pinyerd, historic preservation northwest, con- verted survey data for import into Dahp’s HPI database. A MAritiMe resource survey For Washington’s Saltwater Shores 7 table of contents contributors 5 proJect team 7 overvieW 13 purpose & goals 15 report organiZation 19 proJect area bounDaries 23 public participation 29 summary of finDings 33 survey & inventory 37 methoDology 39 types & Distribution 47 integrity & eligibility 55 Washington state heritage Watercraft program 69 physical assessment 93 What are physical neeDs? 95 user groups 99 bacKgrounD 103 stabiliZation 107 community role 113 interpretive 123 policy 129 A MAritiMe resource survey For Washington’s Saltwater Shores 9 context themes 141 canoe cultures 147 voyages of Discovery 159 traDe & commerce 171 Water highWays 187 protecting our shores & builDing the fleet 199 harvest from the sea 223 communities shapeD by Water 243 navigation & lifesaving 265 for love of the Water - recreation 283 marine science 299 supplemental material 313 case stuDies 315 community maps 321 listing 327 bibliography 333 10 A MAritiMe resource survey For Washington’s Saltwater Shores Overview purpose & goals The overarching purpose of this project was two-fold: survey and inventory his- toric properties; and identify physical needs related to surveyed properties. this survey and inventory addressed only above grade, built environment proper- ties. no survey or evaluation of traditional cultural properties (either native ameri- can or euro-american) or archaeological resources (such as shipwrecks or ruins) was made. the following goals provided focus and definition as research and field work moved forward from fall 2010 through spring 2011. 1. understand what types and individual properties within the survey area con- tribute to the state’s maritime character. acknowledging that identification is key to helping communities tell their stories. 2. identify the level of integrity of surveyed properties to help inform steward- ship efforts and critical attrition areas. 3. identify direct threats to properties and broader integration needs with re- lated governmental policy and planning efforts to provide a tool for the long- term planning efforts of other agencies and departments. 4. link history and properties with heritage tourism, providing communities with tools to promote their own stories. 5. begin addressing and providing background to identify mutual interest and benefit areas between marine ecology and built environment preservation in the stewardship of overwater maritime properties. A MAritiMe resource survey For Washington’s Saltwater Shores 17 report organiZation Report structure incorporates five chapters. Hyperlinks and cross referenc- es used throughout the report are intended to make the digital PDF version as user friendly as possible for a broad audience. overview summarizes data from the following four chapters. the section on project boundaries identifies the scope of the surveyed area. the summary of findings sec- tion pulls together findings from all four chapters to present them in a single loca- tion for ease of reference. survey & inventory comprises the core of this report. anchored on field work, this data reflects the work of several teams traveling nearly 3,000 miles and over 350 nautical miles to identify maritime related historic properties not previously inven- toried and to update previously surveyed maritime related properties as needed. sections on types and distribution as well as integrity and eligibility bring together the vast geographic distribution of properties. Physical Assessment delves into the stabilization, community role and interpretive needs of surveyed properties. physical needs extended beyond just material deterio- ration concerns to also identify planning issues unique to maritime properties and how these properties contribute to community character. a methodology section describes the steps used to collect and analyze data. context themes comprises the traditional historical context document providing background for sites inventoried. the themes separate the wealth of history into more manageable topics. each is intended to be readable and accessible to the gen- eral public while providing the introductory contextual background sought by a technical audience. supplemental Material provides additional information through selected case stud- ies to illustrate issues identified in the physical assessment chapter. community maps
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