43901-014: Zhenjiang Waste-To-Energy Subproject Initial

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

43901-014: Zhenjiang Waste-To-Energy Subproject Initial Initial Environmental Examination February 2010 Project no. 43901-01 Municipal Waste to Energy Project (People’s Republic of China) Zhenjiang Waste-to-Energy Subproject Prepared by China Everbright International Limited for the Asian Development Bank (ADB) This initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation on or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. 镇江市生活垃圾焚烧发电厂 BOT 项目环境影响报告书 The Report of Environmental Impacts on the BOT Project of Zhenjiang Waste-To-Energy Power Plant The Report of Environmental Impacts on the BOT Project of Zhenjiang Waste-To-Energy Power Plant Construction Unit: Everbright Environmental Energy (Zhenjiang) Limited Assessment Unit: Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science Feb 2010 江苏省环境科学研究院 1 Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science 镇江市生活垃圾焚烧发电厂 BOT 项目环境影响报告书 The Report of Environmental Impacts on the BOT Project of Zhenjiang Waste-To-Energy Power Plant Organization Unit: Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science Corporate Representative: Limin Zhang (EA No. A19020001) Project Leader: Bin Feng (Registration No. A19020120600) Yunbo Wu (Registration No. A19020150300) Participants: Name Code of Certificate .. Signature Yunbo Registration No. 1、3、11、12、14 Wu A19020150300 Haoming Registration No. 5、6.1、7、10、13 Yang A19020431200 Xiao ai Registration No. ’ 2、4、6.2-6.7、8、9 Cui A19020380400 Verified by: Jian Jin (EA No: A19020003) Examined by: Huizhong Wang (Registration No:A19020331000) Approved by: Haisuo Wu (EA No: A19020002) 江苏省环境科学研究院 2 Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science 镇江市生活垃圾焚烧发电厂 BOT 项目环境影响报告书 The Report of Environmental Impacts on the BOT Project of Zhenjiang Waste-To-Energy Power Plant Table of Contents 1. General 1.1 Origin of tasks .................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives of assessment ................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Principles for assessment………………………………………………………. …2 1.4 Basis for preparation of this report…………………………………………………...2 1.5 Factors affecting environment and assessment factors……………………………...6 1.6 Priorities of assessment………………………………………………………………...7 1.7 Level and scope of assessment.......................................................................................7 1.8 Major Protection objectives of environment-sensitive objects…………………….13 1.9 Environmental function zoning and assessment standards………………………..15 1.10 Assessment chart…………………………………………………………………….21 2. Overview and analysis of project………………………………………………………. 22 2.1 Overview of proposed projects………………………………………………………22 2.2 Source, components and heat value analysis of domestic waste…………………...28 2.3 major raw/auxiliary materials and energy consumption…………………………..30 2.4 The proposed process and technical program for this project……………………..31 2.5 Main equipments and devices………………………………………………………..39 2.6 Generation and discharge of pollutants, and corresponding prevention and control measures…………………………………………………………………………………...44 3. Environmental conditions of areas surrounding the project…………………………..61 3.1 Overview of natural environment……………………………………………………61 3.2 Overview of social environment……………………………………………………...63 3.2 Overview of area where the project locates in………………………………………63 4 Industrial policies and analysis on cleaner production………………………………...66 4.1 Conformance of industrial policy…………………………………………………..66 4.2 Analysis on cleaner production…………………………………………………….66 5 Assessment on current status of environment quality………………………………….71 5.1 Investigation on regional pollution sources………………………………………...71 5.2 Monitoring and assessment of atmospheric environment quality………………..75 5.3 Monitoring and assessment of status of water enviromment quality……………..79 5.4 MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF STATUS OF NOISE QUALITY ............................................. …...84 5.5 Monitoring and assessment of status of soil………………………………………..85 5.6 MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF STATUS OF DIOXINS .............................................................. ..86 6 Environmental Impact Assessment……………………………………………………....87 6.1 Prediction and assessment of ambient air impact…………………………………87 6.2 Analysis of water environmental impact………………………………………….115 6.3 Assessment of sound environmental impact……………………………………...115 6.4 ANALYSIS OF SOIL AND GROUND WATER IMPACT ......................................................................... 118 6.5 Analysis of eco environmental impact…………………………………………......119 6.6 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION ............................................... 119 6.7 Analysis of waste transport impact and its recommended measures……………124 6.8 Relocation progress and schedule…………………………………………….........127 7 Environmental Risk Analysis……………………………………………………………129 7.1 Purpose and key of environmental risk assessment………………………………129 7.2 Determination of assessment grade and assessment scope……………………….129 江苏省环境科学研究院 3 Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science 镇江市生活垃圾焚烧发电厂 BOT 项目环境影响报告书 The Report of Environmental Impacts on the BOT Project of Zhenjiang Waste-To-Energy Power Plant 7.3 Risk identification………………………………………………………………….133 7.4 Source analysis……………………………………………………………………...134 7.5 Analysis of accident consequences…………………………………………………138 7.6 Preventive measures against accident risks………………………………………142 7.7 Enactment of emergency accident program………………………………………145 7.8Summary……………………………………………………………………………..149 8 Pollution Control Measures and Techno-Econmic Feasibility Study…………………151 8.1 WASTEWATER CONTROL MEASURES………………………………………………………………151 8.2 Wastegas control measures…………………………………………………………155 8.3 Noise control measures and assessment…………………………………………..161 8.4 Solid waste control measures and assessment…………………………………….162 8.5 Groundwater pollution control measures and assesement………………………167 8.6Greening……………………………………………………………………………...168 8.7 Schedule of three-step acceptance of the proposed Project ……………………168 9 Analysis on Amount Pollutants Control………………………………………………..170 9.1 Scope and Objects of Amount Pollutants Control………………………………..170 9.2 Amount Control Factors…………………………………………………………...170 9.3 Balancing Schemes of Amount Control Indicators and Main Pollutants……….170 10 Public Participation…………………………………………………………………….173 10.1 Method and Principles……………………………………………………………173 10.2 Proclamation on Environmental Impact Assessment…………………………..173 10.3 Questionnaire…………………………………………………………………….175 10.4 Results and Analysis of the Investigation………………………………………..183 10.5 Discussion forum with public participation……………………………………..185 10.6 Public Hearings…………………………………………………………………....188 10.7 Summary of Public Participations in Investigation……………………………..191 11 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES ......................... 192 11.1 ECONOMICAL BENEFIT ANALYSIS ON THE PROJECT INVESTMENT ........................................... 192 11.2 Investment in Environmental Protection………………………………………..192 11.3 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS .......................................................... 193 11.4 Societal Benefit Analysis………………………………………………………….193 12 Environmental Controls and Monitoring Plan……………………………………….194 12.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS ...................................................................................................... 194 12.2 Environment Supervision………………………………………………………...195 12.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ........................................................................................ 196 12.4 SUGGESTIONS ON STANDARDIZATION OF SEWAGE OUTLET ...................................................... 199 12.5 Environmental Controls, Monitoring and Monitoring Requirements…………200 13 Feasibility Analysis of Site Selection…………………………………………………..202 13.1 Background Introduction of the Proposed Project……………………………...202 13.2 Consistency Analysis with Related Programs and Regulations………………..202 13.3 Analysis of Conformity with Huanfa No. 2008-82………....................................205 14 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................... .213 14.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................... 213 14.2 Industrial Policy and Clean Production…………………………………………213 14.3 CONFORMITY WITH PLANNING AND REGULATION ..................................................................... 214 14.4 Environmental Current Status and Its Impact Assessment ……………………214 14.5 Preventive Measures for Pollution and Assessment………………………….....216 14.6 CONTROL OVER TOTAL AMOUNT ................................................................................................ 219 江苏省环境科学研究院 4 Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science 镇江市生活垃圾焚烧发电厂 BOT 项目环境影响报告书 The Report of Environmental Impacts on the BOT Project of Zhenjiang Waste-To-Energy Power Plant 14.7 CONCLUSION OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ..................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Establishing 15 IP Tribunals Nationwide, Chinese Courts Further Concentrate Jurisdiction Over IP Matters
    Establishing 15 IP Tribunals Nationwide, Chinese Courts Further Concentrate Jurisdiction Over IP Matters March 15, 2018 Patent and ITC Litigation China has continued to develop its adjudicatory framework for intellectual property disputes with the establishment of three Intellectual Property Tribunals (“IP Tribunals”) this month. This reform began with the establishment of three specialized IP Courts in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou at the end of 2014, and has been furthered with the establishment of IP Tribunals in 10 provinces and two cities/municipalities around the country. For companies facing an IP dispute in China, understanding this framework in order to select the appropriate jurisdiction for a case can have a significant impact on the time to resolution, as well as the ultimate merits of the case. Most significantly, through the establishment of these IP Tribunals many Chinese courts have been stripped of their jurisdiction over IP matters in favor of the IP Tribunals. This has led to a fundamental change to the forum selection strategies of both multinational and Chinese companies. The three IP Tribunals established on the first two days of March 2018 are located in Tianjin Municipality, and cities of Changsha and Zhengzhou respectively. This brings the number of IP Tribunals that have been set up across 10 provinces and two cities/municipalities in China since January 2017 to a total of 15. The most unique aspect of the specialized IP Tribunals is that they have cross-regional1 and exclusive jurisdiction over IP matters in significant first-instance2 cases (i.e., those generally including disputes involving patents, new varieties of plants, integrated circuit layout and design, technical-related trade secrets, software, the recognition of well-known trademarks, and other IP cases in which the damages sought exceed a certain amount)3.
    [Show full text]
  • 28 Brand Name Exhibitor's Name Stand No
    Brand NameThe listings in the Brand IndexExhibitor’s have been submitted Name by exhibitors directly. The organisersStand of No. Hardware+Tools Middle East 2012 and the publishers of this show catalogue accept no responsibility for claims made by exhibitors in the Brand Index. In case of misleading or false entries, the brand owner should seek legal advice and contact the exhibitor for clarification. Brand Name Exhibitor’s Name Stand No. Absoloot Brass - Building Hardware Black Jack India Ltd. HT517 AGL Shenzhen Agl Plastic Co., Ltd. HT223 Anaxle Anan (Changshu) Precision Tools Co., Ltd. HT128 Anxin Zhengzhou Anxin Abrasives Co., Ltd. HT617 ANZI Shanghai Anzi Industrial Co., Ltd. HT237 AS Aggarwal Steels HT612 ATI Sword Abrasive Technology Industries HT914 Baolun Jiangsu Baolun Abrasive Co., Ltd. HT131 Bigbon Fulong Industry Co. Ltd. HT321 Black Jack - Hand Tools Black Jack India Ltd. HT517 Brother Label Printers Almoe Digital Solutions HT610 Business Guide Africa magazine Business Guide Africa HT110 Carefree Tire Jiaxing Carefree Caster Co., Ltd. HT712 CHANGE Nantong Change Electric Tools Co. Ltd. HT437 Chaoyu Yongkang Chaoyu Grinding Tools Factory HT725 CHENGLONG Ningbo Chenglong Special Steel Co., Ltd. HT727 CHH Qingdao Chuanghui Industry Co.,Ltd. HT241 CHIYUE Taizhou Luqiao Lamsin Import & Export Co.,Ltd. HT325 CHUANMU Nantong Chuanmu Power Tools Manufacturing Co.,Ltd. HT141 COLT Zhenjiang Dantu District Inter-China Brush-Making Factory HT328 Constant Sling Anhui Constant Sling Industry Co.,Ltd HT323 DAICHI D. Enterprises Co., Ltd. HT319 Dajia Qingdao Dajia Plastic Product Co., Ltd. HT529 DASTOOL Dastool Ltd. HT341 DB-12, DB-40 Dukshin Corp. Ltd. HT416 DBP-09N, DBP-12N Dukshin Corp.
    [Show full text]
  • Handelsrelatie China / 09024562
    bericht op brief van: Aan de voorzitter van Provinciale Staten van Zeeland p/a Statengriffier Uw kenmerk: ons kenmerk: 09024562/15 afdeling: Economie bijlage(n): 4 behandeld door: P.C. Bijkerk doorkiesnummer: (0118) 63 14 35 onderwerp: Handelsrelatie China verzonden: Middelburg, 7 juli 2009 Geachte voorzitter, Hierbij zenden wij u ter informatie een afschrift van de uitnodiging aan burgemeester Wang Yanwen uit Yangzhou voor een bezoek aan Zeeland toe. Van 13 april tot 24 april jongstleden heeft een handelsdelegatie vanuit Zuidwest Nederland onder leiding van de burgemeester Peter van der Velden uit Breda een bezoek gebracht aan de stad Yangzhou. West Brabant onderhoudt al enkele jaren een relatie met de stad Yangzhou en heeft nadat op een eerdere missie Zeeuwse bedrijven waren meegegaan, ook gevraagd of Zeeland bestuurlijk wilde aansluiten. De Provincie Zeeland was op deze missie ambtelijk vertegenwoordigd en heeft de mogelijkheden voor samenwerking verkend. Daarnaast hebben vanuit Zeeland de Kamer van Koophandel, Zeeland Seaports, de Brabants Zeeuwse Werkgevers, Impuls Zeeland en de gemeente Goes bestuurlijk aan deze missie deel- genomen. De eerste ervaringen van de handelsmissie bieden ons inziens voldoende aanknopingspunten voor het bedrijfsleven, onderwijs en overheden om de relatie verder te onderzoeken en uit te bouwen. Kennisuitwis- seling rond het thema water is hierbij een mogelijk speerpunt. Om praktische invulling hieraan te geven, hebben wij de burgemeester van Yangzhou uitgenodigd voor een bezoek aan Zeeland. Het thema water speelt een belangrijke rol bij dit tegenbezoek. Zo zullen in dit kader ondermeer de Hogeschool Zeeland en Zeeland Seaports worden bezocht. West-Brabant heeft twee jaar geleden een convenant afgesloten met Yangzhou waarin de regio Zuidwest Nederland wordt genoemd.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 19 (2012), Article 2
    Volume 19 (2012), Article 2 http://chinajapan.org/articles/19/2 Fogel, Joshua A. “On Saeki Arikiyo’s Monumental Study of the ‘Treatise on the People of Wa’” Sino-Japanese Studies 19 (2012), article 2. Abstract: Saeki Ariyiko was one of the world’s premier historians of ancient Japanese and East Asian history. His knowledge of texts and his ability to use them in creative ways and thus bring antiquity to life were virtually unmatched. One of his last works was a reading of the single most commented upon text in Sino-Japanese historical and cultural relations, the Treatise on the People of Wa in the Chronicle of the Kingdom of Wei (known in Japan as Gishi Wajinden). Saeki’s book, entitled Gishi Wajingden o yomu 魏 志倭人伝を読む (Reading the Treatise on the People of Wa in the Chronicle of the Kingdom of Wei), appeared in two volumes (over 450 pages in total) and was published by Yoshikawa kōbunkan in 2000. To give a flavor of the work, I offer a translation of the introductions to each of the volumes. Sino-Japanese Studies http://chinajapan.org/articles/19/2 On Saeki Arikiyo’s Monumental Study of the “Treatise on the People of Wa” Joshua A. Fogel Saeki Ariyiko 佐伯有清 (1925-2005) was one of the world’s premier historians of ancient Japanese and East Asian history. His knowledge of texts and his ability to use them in creative ways and thus bring antiquity to life were virtually unmatched. Although I never had the honor to study with or even meet him, I have long been an admirer of his scholarship both for his approach and product.
    [Show full text]
  • Zhou Zuoren's Critique of Violence in Modern China
    World Languages and Cultures Publications World Languages and Cultures 2014 The aS cred and the Cannibalistic: Zhou Zuoren’s Critique of Violence in Modern China Tonglu Li Iowa State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/language_pubs Part of the Chinese Studies Commons The ompc lete bibliographic information for this item can be found at http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ language_pubs/102. For information on how to cite this item, please visit http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ howtocite.html. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the World Languages and Cultures at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in World Languages and Cultures Publications by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The aS cred and the Cannibalistic: Zhou Zuoren’s Critique of Violence in Modern China Abstract This article explores the ways in which Zhou Zuoren critiqued violence in modern China as a belief-‐‑driven phenomenon. Differing from Lu Xun and other mainstream intellectuals, Zhou consistently denied the legitimacy of violence as a force for modernizing China. Relying on extensive readings in anthropology, intellectual history, and religious studies, he investigated the fundamental “nexus” between violence and the religious, political, and ideological beliefs. In the Enlightenment’s effort to achieve modernity, cannibalistic Confucianism was to be cleansed from the corpus of Chinese culture as the “barbaric” cultural Other, but Zhou was convinced that such barbaric cannibalism was inherited by the Enlightenment thinkers, and thus made the Enlightenment impossible.
    [Show full text]
  • GLOBAL HISTORY and NEW POLYCENTRIC APPROACHES Europe, Asia and the Americas in a World Network System Palgrave Studies in Comparative Global History
    Foreword by Patrick O’Brien Edited by Manuel Perez Garcia · Lucio De Sousa GLOBAL HISTORY AND NEW POLYCENTRIC APPROACHES Europe, Asia and the Americas in a World Network System Palgrave Studies in Comparative Global History Series Editors Manuel Perez Garcia Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China Lucio De Sousa Tokyo University of Foreign Studies Tokyo, Japan This series proposes a new geography of Global History research using Asian and Western sources, welcoming quality research and engag- ing outstanding scholarship from China, Europe and the Americas. Promoting academic excellence and critical intellectual analysis, it offers a rich source of global history research in sub-continental areas of Europe, Asia (notably China, Japan and the Philippines) and the Americas and aims to help understand the divergences and convergences between East and West. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15711 Manuel Perez Garcia · Lucio De Sousa Editors Global History and New Polycentric Approaches Europe, Asia and the Americas in a World Network System Editors Manuel Perez Garcia Lucio De Sousa Shanghai Jiao Tong University Tokyo University of Foreign Studies Shanghai, China Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan Pablo de Olavide University Seville, Spain Palgrave Studies in Comparative Global History ISBN 978-981-10-4052-8 ISBN 978-981-10-4053-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4053-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017937489 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018, corrected publication 2018. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeological Perspectives on the Early Relations of the Korean Peninsula with the Eurasian Steppe
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 301 May, 2020 Archaeological Perspectives on the Early Relations of the Korean Peninsula with the Eurasian Steppe by Kang, In Uk Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out for peer review, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form.
    [Show full text]
  • SGS-Safeguards 04910- Minimum Wages Increased in Jiangsu -EN-10
    SAFEGUARDS SGS CONSUMER TESTING SERVICES CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIILITY SOLUTIONS NO. 049/10 MARCH 2010 MINIMUM WAGES INCREASED IN JIANGSU Jiangsu becomes the first province to raise minimum wages in China in 2010, with an average increase of over 12% effective from 1 February 2010. Since 2008, many local governments have deferred the plan of adjusting minimum wages due to the financial crisis. As economic results are improving, the government of Jiangsu Province has decided to raise the minimum wages. On January 23, 2010, the Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Jiangsu Province declared that the minimum wages in Jiangsu Province would be increased from February 1, 2010 according to Interim Provisions on Minimum Wages of Enterprises in Jiangsu Province and Minimum Wages Standard issued by the central government. Adjustment of minimum wages in Jiangsu Province The minimum wages do not include: Adjusted minimum wages: • Overtime payment; • Monthly minimum wages: • Allowances given for the Areas under the first category (please refer to the table on next page): middle shift, night shift, and 960 yuan/month; work in particular environments Areas under the second category: 790 yuan/month; such as high or low Areas under the third category: 670 yuan/month temperature, underground • Hourly minimum wages: operations, toxicity and other Areas under the first category: 7.8 yuan/hour; potentially harmful Areas under the second category: 6.4 yuan/hour; environments; Areas under the third category: 5.4 yuan/hour. • The welfare prescribed in the laws and regulations. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIILITY SOLUTIONS NO. 049/10 MARCH 2010 P.2 Hourly minimum wages are calculated on the basis of the announced monthly minimum wages, taking into account: • The basic pension insurance premiums and the basic medical insurance premiums that shall be paid by the employers.
    [Show full text]
  • Jiangsu(PDF/288KB)
    Mizuho Bank China Business Promotion Division Jiangsu Province Overview Abbreviated Name Su Provincial Capital Nanjing Administrative 13 cities and 45 counties Divisions Secretary of the Luo Zhijun; Provincial Party Li Xueyong Committee; Mayor 2 Size 102,600 km Shandong Annual Mean 16.2°C Jiangsu Temperature Anhui Shanghai Annual Precipitation 861.9 mm Zhejiang Official Government www.jiangsu.gov.cn URL Note: Personnel information as of September 2014 [Economic Scale] Unit 2012 2013 National Share (%) Ranking Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 100 Million RMB 54,058 59,162 2 10.4 Per Capita GDP RMB 68,347 74,607 4 - Value-added Industrial Output (enterprises above a designated 100 Million RMB N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. size) Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery 100 Million RMB 5,809 6,158 3 6.3 Output Total Investment in Fixed Assets 100 Million RMB 30,854 36,373 2 8.2 Fiscal Revenue 100 Million RMB 5,861 6,568 2 5.1 Fiscal Expenditure 100 Million RMB 7,028 7,798 2 5.6 Total Retail Sales of Consumer 100 Million RMB 18,331 20,797 3 8.7 Goods Foreign Currency Revenue from Million USD 6,300 2,380 10 4.6 Inbound Tourism Export Value Million USD 328,524 328,857 2 14.9 Import Value Million USD 219,438 221,987 4 11.4 Export Surplus Million USD 109,086 106,870 3 16.3 Total Import and Export Value Million USD 547,961 550,844 2 13.2 Foreign Direct Investment No. of contracts 4,156 3,453 N.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Rugao City of Become a Vibrant and Dynamic City of and the South, and Across Rivers to the Sea
    如皋_en.indd 1 2014/10/23 17:57:05 Focus Rugao Nestled at the intersection of Eastern China’s coastal passage and the Yangtze River’s golden waterway is a shiny pearl known as Rugao, Jiangsu Province. Rugao is famous for being a “Historical and Cultural City” and a “City of Flowers and Bonsais in China” as well as a “Famous Land of Longevity”. With the introduction of a high-speed rail system, Rugao is embracing historically unprecedented development opportunities by capitalizing on the following five major national strategies: integration of the Yangtze River Delta region, coastal development in Jiangsu Province, development of the Southern Jiangsu Modernization Demonstration Zone, establishment of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone, and development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The combined economic effect of the five major national strategies will undoubtedly help boost Rugao’s economy to new heights. • City of Transport Hubs • City of Prosperity Located at the convergence of the With a diversified industrial system, T-shaped production axis of China’s coastal well-developed infrastructure and strong and riverside region, Rugao is a core and resource base, Rugao has a robust and integral part of Shanghai’s one-hour advantageous business and industrial economic circle. Sitting at the junction development environment. At the same of the Yangtze River’s golden waterway time, by leveraging its sophisticated and the inland waterway, Rugao serves scientific research and financial as the critical and primary coastal port in environment, Rugao is attracting a City of Jiangsu Province as well as a new gateway City of multi-level flow of human resources, as Prosperity accessible to the rest of the world.
    [Show full text]
  • The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Wai Kit Wicky Tse University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Tse, Wai Kit Wicky, "Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 589. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Abstract As a frontier region of the Qin-Han (221BCE-220CE) empire, the northwest was a new territory to the Chinese realm. Until the Later Han (25-220CE) times, some portions of the northwestern region had only been part of imperial soil for one hundred years. Its coalescence into the Chinese empire was a product of long-term expansion and conquest, which arguably defined the egionr 's military nature. Furthermore, in the harsh natural environment of the region, only tough people could survive, and unsurprisingly, the region fostered vigorous warriors. Mixed culture and multi-ethnicity featured prominently in this highly militarized frontier society, which contrasted sharply with the imperial center that promoted unified cultural values and stood in the way of a greater degree of transregional integration. As this project shows, it was the northwesterners who went through a process of political peripheralization during the Later Han times played a harbinger role of the disintegration of the empire and eventually led to the breakdown of the early imperial system in Chinese history.
    [Show full text]
  • The Darkest Red Corner Matthew James Brazil
    The Darkest Red Corner Chinese Communist Intelligence and Its Place in the Party, 1926-1945 Matthew James Brazil A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Doctor of Philosophy Department of Government and International Relations Business School University of Sydney 17 December 2012 Statement of Originality This is to certify that to the best of my knowledge, the content of this thesis is my own work. This thesis has not been submitted previously, either in its entirety or substantially, for a higher degree or qualifications at any other university or institute of higher learning. I certify that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work and that all the assistance received in preparing this thesis and sources has been acknowledged. Matthew James Brazil i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Before and during this project I met a number of people who, directly or otherwise, encouraged my belief that Chinese Communist intelligence was not too difficult a subject for academic study. Michael Dutton and Scot Tanner provided invaluable direction at the very beginning. James Mulvenon requires special thanks for regular encouragement over the years and generosity with his time, guidance, and library. Richard Corsa, Monte Bullard, Tom Andrukonis, Robert W. Rice, Bill Weinstein, Roderick MacFarquhar, the late Frank Holober, Dave Small, Moray Taylor Smith, David Shambaugh, Steven Wadley, Roger Faligot, Jean Hung and the staff at the Universities Service Centre in Hong Kong, and the kind personnel at the KMT Archives in Taipei are the others who can be named. Three former US diplomats cannot, though their generosity helped my understanding of links between modern PRC intelligence operations and those before 1949.
    [Show full text]