L'ambiente COME SPETTACOLO. Etnicità, Sviluppo Rurale E Visioni

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

L'ambiente COME SPETTACOLO. Etnicità, Sviluppo Rurale E Visioni DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE UMANE PER LA FORMAZIONE “RICCARDO MASSA” Dottorato di Ricerca in Scienze Umane Antropologia della contemporaneità:etnografia delle diversità e delle convergenze culturali XXII ciclo L’AMBIENTE COME SPETTACOLO. Etnicità, sviluppo rurale e visioni politiche del paesaggio nel Nord della Tailandia (Provincia di Nan) Di Amalia Rossi Coordinatore Dottorato: Tutor: Prof.Ugo Fabietti Dott.ssa Silvia Vignato Dicembre 2011 1 Ai miei bambini, Federico e Alessandro 2 INDICE . INDICE………………………………………………………………………….. PAG. I-IV INTRODUZIONE………………………………………………………………………..P.7 1. L’AMBIENTALISMO INDIGENO COME “SPETTACOLO” . CONFLITTI AMBIENTALI E RELAZIONI ETNICHE NELLA PROVINCIA DI NAN………...P.38 1.1. Lo spettacolo ambientale: soggetti, spazi, eventi ………………………………...….P.39 1.1.1 Soggetti: protagonismi ambientali, comparse e personaggi in cerca di autore 1.1.2. Spazi: eterotopie ambientali come scenari dell’ orto-prassi rurale. 1.1.3. Eventi: media e rituali dello sviluppo rurale 1.2. Vertigine etnica e conflitti ambientali. I Lua di Nan………………………………...P.52 1.2.1. Il Parco Nazionale del Doi Phu Kha e i suoi abitanti 1.2.2. I Lua di Nan e i “Lua-non Lua” di Ban Don Klang 1.2.3. La storia dell’insediamento e la divisione tra i primi coloni e i rifugiati 1.2.4. La vertigine identitaria dei Lua, tra stigma etnico e pregiudizio ambientale 1.3. La vita economica del villaggio, tra ambientalismo indigeno e “messa in scena”del paesaggio……………………………………………………………………………………P.68 1.3.1. Le attività agricole e le piantagioni di mais 1.3.2. Ban Don Klang e l’ossessione per lo sviluppo 1.3.3. Eterotopie ambientali e paesaggi allineati (I): la Foresta Comunitaria 1.3.4. Eterotopie ambientali e paesaggi allineati (II): il nuovo tempio Riflessioni conclusive……………………………………………………………………….P.88 3 2. PAESAGGI SVILUPPISTI. LO SPETTACOLO AMBIENTALE TRA POLITICHE GOVERNATIVE E MERCATI GLOBALI……………………………………………...P.90 2.1. Le trasformazioni della “foresta politica”in Tailandia…………………………........P.91 2.1.1. Il logging ban, la svolta preservazionista e l’arboreizzazione del senso comune. 2.1.2. Vedere un fiore al posto dei villaggi. La natura vista come la vede lo stato 2.1.3. Da “terra rossa” a “terra verde”. La Rosa del Doi Pu Kha e l’apertura di Nan al turismo. 2.1.4.Regimi di visibilità e confini dello spettacolo ambientale egemone 2.1.5. “Non conosco quell’albero”. Ecoturismo ed etnicità 2.2. Le trasformazioni della “agricoltura politica” in Tailandia……………………........P.113 2.2.1.Narrative sviluppiste: il mito del mais ed il boom dei biofuels 2.2.2.Quando contadini felici coltivano foreste di benzina. Le immagini commerciali della natura e dell’agricoltura 2.2.3. L’agricoltura dei non agricoltori(I). Immagini “altre” dell’agricoltura nelle parole dei funzionari pubblici 2.2.4. L’agricoltura dei non-agricoltori (II): l’agricoltura industriale negli ospedali e nelle scuole. Riflessioni Conclusive……………………………………………………………….….....P.135 3. IL PROTAGONISMO DEI MONACI AMBIENTALISTI E LA COSTRUZIONE DI PAESAGGI ECO-BUDDISTI…………………………………………………………...P.138 3.1.Buddhadasa Bikkhu. Il ritorno alla Natura come espressione del “Conservatorismo Radicale”……………………………………………………………....P.139 3.1.1.La tradizione dei monaci della foresta e la genesi dell’eco-buddismo tailandese 3.1.2.Buddhadasa Bikkhu, dai monaci della foresta ai prodromi dello spettacolo eco- buddista 3.1.3. Il movimento di Buddhadasa e i monaci conservazionisti (phra nak anurak) 3.2.Phra Khru Pithak e Hug Mueang Nan (HMN): eco-buddismo e orto-prassi rurale nell’area di Nan…...……………………………………………………………………….P.154 3.2.1. Phra Khru Pithak e Hug Mueang Nan 3.2.2. Scenari ambientalisti. Il raduno al tempio Aranyawat 3.2.3. Rappresentazioni ideali del paesaggio e delle comunità rurali: il discorso inaugurale di Phra Khru Pithak. 4 3.3. Ajan Somkit e il Wat Pong Kham: mettere in scena l’Economia della Sufficienza………..………………………………………………………………….P.175 3.3.1. La vicenda di Somkit, tra ambientalismo e pregiudizio etnico 3.3.2. L’ambientalismo ibrido di Somkit 3.3.3. Il buad paa come rito di presentazione e come spettacolo: l’ennesima consacrazione della foresta comunitaria di Pong Kham. 3.3.4. La cerimonia ed il discorso di Somkit, tra voci ufficiose e aspiranti protagonisti Riflessioni conclusive….…………………………………………………………………P.197 4. ATTIVISTI COME “AUTORI” E “ATTORI”. RETI ECO-BUDDISTE, MEMORIA COMUNISTA E SOCIETA’ CIVILE……………………………..…….P.199 4.1.Hug Mueang Nan (HMN) e la professionalizzazione dell’attivismo socio- ambientale………………………………………………………………..………….........P.200 4.1.1.L’attivismo ambientalista a Nan, prima e dopo la fondazione di HMN. 4.1.2 La rete di Hug Mueang Nan: buddismo, comunismo e “cultura della comunità”. 4.2. Joko Center. Attivismo moderato e ri-costruzione dell’ordine ambientale e del paesaggio...............................................................................................................................P.212 4.2.1. Le soggettività ambientali degli attivisti Pang e Somruey 4.2.2. La presentazione dell’orto-prassi rurale al Joko Center 4.3. I leader della ONG Ongkhan Kadjadkhan Sappaiakon Thammachat (OKST) e le derive radicali dell’attivismo socio-ambientale a Nan………………………………...................P.226 4.3.1. Attivisti di professione: Aeng e Bohm 4.3.2. Dalla battaglia per le foreste comunitarie alla guerra del mais 4.4. La campagna per le Foreste Comunitarie, tra radicalismo e istituzionalizzazione…………………………………………………………………..…P.238 4.1.La figura di Pat Khansalee e le Foreste Comunitarie come eterotopie di resistenza 4.2. Attivisti come attori e autori: la fondazione dell’Assemblea Nazionale per le Foreste Comunitarie. Riflessioni conclusive...........................................................................................................P.252 5. PAESAGGI CONSERVATORI. IL PROTAGONISMO DELLA FAMIGLIA REALE NELL’ARENA AMBIENTALE……………………………………………....................P.254 5.1.Monarchia, eco-buddismo ed Economia della Sufficienza…………………………...P.255 5.1.1. L’immagine pubblica dei sovrani nella Tailandia contemporanea 5 5.1.2. Economia della Sufficienza: eco-buddismo ed eco-populismo monarchico nel IX regno 5.1.3. I progetti di sviluppo della Famiglia Reale come forme specializzate del potere monarchico 5.2. I progetti regi in provincia di Nan...............................................................................P.271 5.2.1.I progetti regi e lo spettacolo ambientale secondo “la visione contemplata dalla monarchia” 5.2.2. Il progetto della regina Sikhirit a Phu Payak (Distretto di Chaloem Phrakiet) 5.2.3.Il progetto della principessa Sirindhorn a Phu Fa (Distretto di Bo Kluea) 5.3. Oro nascosto dietro la schiena del Buddha. Riforestazione, terrazzamenti e ri-territorializzazione politica……………………………………………………………..P.290 5.3.1. Nuovi iconemi del paesaggio rurale e nuove narrative ambientali: i terrazzamenti 5.3.2. Il futuro conservatore del paesaggio di Nan. Il progetto Pid Thong Lang Phra 6.3.3. Terrazzare e riforestare secondo la visione della monarchia. Ovvero, tingere di giallo le “rosse” colline di Nan Riflessioni conclusive…………………………………………………………………......P.313 CONCLUSIONI………………………………………………………………………......P.315 BIBLIOGRAFIA…………………………………………………………………….........P.338 ACRONIMI………………………………………………………………………………..P.341 RINGRAZIAMENTI…………………………………………………………………......P.343 6 INTRODUZIONE Il presente lavoro di tesi costituisce l’esito di una ricerca etnografica condotta tra il 2007 e il 1 2009 nella provincia nord-tailandese di Nan . La provincia di Nan rappresenta un’area remota del regno del Siam, 'isolata', poco popolata, essenzialmente rurale, caratterizzata dalla contiguità con la Repubblica Popolare del Laos e da un paesaggio collinare ricoperto di foreste ed inframmezzato da fertili avvallamenti fluviali, il bacino del fiume Nan. La sua estensione corrisponde pressappoco ai confini dell’antico principato autonomo (mueang), di Nanthaburi vassallo di Bangkok, di cui la città di Nan era la capitale fino al 1931. Quell’anno la dinastia locale venne abolita e alla città fu assegnato un governatore nominato a Bangkok. Prima di quella data il principato di Nanthaburi godeva di grande autonomia e aveva avuto un ruolo storico centrale nelle relazioni commerciali tra i regni siamesi (Sukhothai e Ayutthaya), i principati Lanna (area di Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Lamphun, Lampang, Mae Hong Son), i regni birmani, lo Yunnan e i regni laotiani (Lan Chang). Nella storia recente, invece, questa regione è ricordata soprattutto per il forte coinvolgimento della popolazione locale nella guerriglia comunista, che qui si è arrestata solo all’inizio degli anni Novanta, quasi dieci anni dopo la sua conclusione ufficiale con la sconfitta dei ribelli e l’amnistia del 1983. Negli anni in cui si è svolta la mia ricerca su campo la provincia si stava trasformando in una importante meta del turismo interno ed era punteggiata da progetti di natura socio-ambientale implementati di recente per proteggere il suo delicato ambiente (Ufficio per la ricerca e lo sviluppo rurale, 2000; CODI, 2009). Le foreste di Nan dagli anni Novanta in poi sono divenute luogo di esplorazione per i turisti di città ma anche per tecnici e funzionari dello stato interessati alla mappatura e gestione economica dei suoi territori dopo la fase calda della guerriglia, che per lungo tempo aveva reso l’area collinare della provincia inaccessibile all’esercito. 1 La ricerca si è svolta nell’ambito del XXII Ciclo di Dottorato in Scienze Umane dell’Università Bicocca di Milano (Curriculum in Antropologia della Contemporaneità) e con il supporto logistico e la consulenza
Recommended publications
  • Effects of Self-Regulation Program by Alcohol Drinking Reduction Among Elder Person in Soem Sai Sub-District, Soem Ngam District, Lampang Province
    28 Effects of Self-Regulation Program by Alcohol Drinking Reduction among Elder Person in Soem Sai Sub-district, Soem Ngam District, Lampang Province Nukoon Nusuk Abstract This research is quasi-experimental research carried out to effects of self- regulation program by alcohol drinking reduction among elder person in Soem Sai sub- district, Soem Ngam district, Lampang province. The samples in this study were elder person. The 60 samples were divided into an experimental group and a control group in each group there were 30 samples. The sampling method was simple random sampling. The experimental group participated in a program to reduce alcohol drinking behavior in elder person. The program included activities to reduce alcohol drinking behavior among elder person as fellow: 1) self-observation 2) judgment process 3) self-reaction. The time for joining the program was six times and then compared the average of mean score of self-regulation and alcohol drinking behavior both between and within groups by repeated measures ANOVA. The study found that elder person in experimental group, the difference in average scores of self- regulation and scores of alcohol drinking behavior in before and after involved program was statistically significant at .05 level. In experimental group and control group, the difference in average scores of self- regulation and scores of alcohol drinking behavior in before and after involved program was statistically significant at .05 level as well. When analyzed by using repeated measure ANOVA showed that: the
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    MS& ~C3 E-235 VOL. 20 KINGDOM OF THAILAND PETROLEUM AUTHORITY OF THAILAND Public Disclosure Authorized NA-TURAL GAS PIPELINE PROJECT FROM BANG PAKONG TO WANG NOI EGAT - INVESTMENTPROGRAM SUPPORT PROJECT (WORLDBANK PARTIALCREDIT GUARANTEE) Public Disclosure Authorized DRAFT FINAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized PREPARED BY TEAM CONSULTING ENGINEERS CO., LTD. FOR BECHTEL INTERNATIONAL, INC. Public Disclosure Authorized JUNE 1994 EZITEAM CONSULTINGENGINEERS CO., LTD. Our Ref: ENV/853/941237 2 June 1994 Mr. Emad M.Khedr Project Engineer 15th Floor, PTT Head Office Building 555 Vibhavadi-RangsitRoad Bangkok 10900, Thailand Dear Sir: Re: EnvironmentalImpact Assessment of Natural Gas Pipeline Project from Bang Pakong to Wans Noi We are pleased to submit herewith 5 copies of the Environmental Impact Assessmentof the Natural Gas Pipeline Project from Bang Pakong to Wang Noi for your considerations. We would like to thank the concerned Bechtel International personnel for their assistances throughout the course of study. Sincerely yours, Amnat Prommasutra Executive Director 51/301-305 Drive-inCenter, Ladprao Road, Soi 130,Bangkapi. Bangkok 10240. Thailand Telex:82855 TRIREXTH. ATTN: TEAM CONSULT.Fax :66 -2-3751070Tel. : 3773480. 3771770.1 'Ulll ?¶a. i LHunh1711n 4l nu nhJf11rnfllfl lusuo"wfl fupiuij iin ....... l2eUwl0t.._,,a,.,._l.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~...... .......... .......... 1: ^ d Id II¶Ut.'1 *'Al lem. LtU TThJwi Id , 1* . ^ t.1 4 - ... ... .. ......................................................................... I... u~~~~~~ i ..................................... 4..~ C f J I Pfl 1 ( ) .L>3?T~I ..i^l2SlMt.......... ..QltU.. ............ l.C. a<.l'....... w.K.>.. nQa.. ............. le w...............9 .. .. .. .. .... ............. .. ... , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. _ ... .... __A..-.............................. CHAPTER II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 ROUTE ALTERNATIVES In conjunction with the Natural Gas Parallel Pipeline Project, PTT requested that Bechtel International,Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • MALADIES SOUMISES AU RÈGLEMENT Notifications Received Bom 9 to 14 May 1980 — Notifications Reçues Du 9 Au 14 Mai 1980 C Cases — Cas
    Wkty Epldem. Bec.: No. 20 -16 May 1980 — 150 — Relevé éptdém. hebd : N° 20 - 16 mal 1980 Kano State D elete — Supprimer: Bimi-Kudi : General Hospital Lagos State D elete — Supprimer: Marina: Port Health Office Niger State D elete — Supprimer: Mima: Health Office Bauchi State Insert — Insérer: Tafawa Belewa: Comprehensive Rural Health Centre Insert — Insérer: Borno State (title — titre) Gongola State Insert — Insérer: Garkida: General Hospital Kano State In se rt— Insérer: Bimi-Kudu: General Hospital Lagos State Insert — Insérer: Ikeja: Port Health Office Lagos: Port Health Office Niger State Insert — Insérer: Minna: Health Office Oyo State Insert — Insérer: Ibadan: Jericho Nursing Home Military Hospital Onireke Health Office The Polytechnic Health Centre State Health Office Epidemiological Unit University of Ibadan Health Services Ile-Ife: State Hospital University of Ife Health Centre Ilesha: Health Office Ogbomosho: Baptist Medical Centre Oshogbo : Health Office Oyo: Health Office DISEASES SUBJECT TO THE REGULATIONS — MALADIES SOUMISES AU RÈGLEMENT Notifications Received bom 9 to 14 May 1980 — Notifications reçues du 9 au 14 mai 1980 C Cases — Cas ... Figures not yet received — Chiffres non encore disponibles D Deaths — Décès / Imported cases — Cas importés P t o n r Revised figures — Chifircs révisés A Airport — Aéroport s Suspect cases — Cas suspects CHOLERA — CHOLÉRA C D YELLOW FEVER — FIÈVRE JAUNE ZAMBIA — ZAMBIE 1-8.V Africa — Afrique Africa — Afrique / 4 0 C 0 C D \ 3r 0 CAMEROON. UNITED REP. OF 7-13JV MOZAMBIQUE 20-26J.V CAMEROUN, RÉP.-UNIE DU 5 2 2 Asia — Asie Cameroun Oriental 13-19.IV C D Diamaré Département N agaba....................... î 1 55 1 BURMA — BIRMANIE 27.1V-3.V Petté ...........................
    [Show full text]
  • MALADIES SOUMISES AU RÈGLEMENT Notifications Received from 14 to 20 March 1980 — Notifications Reçues Du 14 Au 20 Mars 1980
    Wkty Epidem. Xec.: No. 12-21 March 1980 — 90 — Relevé êpittém. hetxl. : N° 12 - 21 mars 1980 A minor variant, A/USSR/50/79, was also submitted from Brazil. A/USSR/90/77 par le Brésil. Un variant mineur, A/USSR/50/79, a Among influenza B strains, B/Singapore/222/79-like strains were aussi été soumis par le Brésil. Parmi les souches virales B, des souches submitted from Trinidad and Tobago and B/Hong Kong/5/72-like similaires à B/Singapore/222/79 ont été soumises par la Trimté-et- from Brazil. Tobago et des souches similaires à B/Hong Kong/5/72 par le Brésil. C zechoslovakia (28 February 1980). — *1 The incidence of acute T chécoslovaquie (28 février 1980). — 1 Après la pointe de début respiratory disease in the Czech regions is decreasing after a peak in février 1980, l’incidence des affections respiratoires aigues est en early February 1980. In the Slovakian regions a sharp increase was diminution dans les régions tchèques. Dans les régions slovaques, seen at the end of January but, after a peak at the end of February, the une forte augmentation a été constatée fin janvier mais, après un incidence has been decreasing in all age groups except those 6-14 maximum fin février, l’incidence diminue dans tous les groupes years. All strains isolated from both regions show a relationship d'âge, sauf les 6-14 ans. Toutes les souches isolées dans les deux with A/Texas/1/77 (H3N2) although with some antigenic drift. régions sont apparentées à A/Texas/1/77 (H3N2), mais avec un certain glissement antigénique.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatio-Temporal Diffusion Pattern and Hotspot Detection of Dengue in Chachoengsao Province, Thailand
    Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2011, 8, 51-74; doi:10.3390/ijerph8010051 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ISSN 1660-4601 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph Article Spatio-Temporal Diffusion Pattern and Hotspot Detection of Dengue in Chachoengsao Province, Thailand Phaisarn Jeefoo 1,*, Nitin Kumar Tripathi 1 and Marc Souris 1,2,3 1 Remote Sensing and GIS Field of Study, School of Engineering and Technology, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; E-Mails: [email protected] (N.K.T.); [email protected] (M.S.) 2 Center of Excellence for Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhompathom 73170, Thailand 3 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 190, Marseille, France * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +66-2524-5799; Fax: +66-2524-5597. Received: 3 November 2010; in revised form: 20 December 2010 / Accepted: 21 December 2010 / Published: 29 December 2010 Abstract: In recent years, dengue has become a major international public health concern. In Thailand it is also an important concern as several dengue outbreaks were reported in last decade. This paper presents a GIS approach to analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of dengue epidemics. The major objective of this study was to examine spatial diffusion patterns and hotspot identification for reported dengue cases. Geospatial diffusion pattern of the 2007 dengue outbreak was investigated. Map of daily cases was generated for the 153 days of the outbreak. Epidemiological data from Chachoengsao province, Thailand (reported dengue cases for the years 1999–2007) was used for this study.
    [Show full text]
  • Lampang Eng = Fusion Glossy Cover Lampang Eng = 496 X 210 Mm
    97 mm 98 mm 98 mm 102 mm 101 mm Edit_1-02-53 Cover Lampang_eng = Fusion Glossy Cover Lampang_eng = 496 x 210 mm. 250 3 Mae Hae (แมแห) 1017 Upparat Road, Tel: 0 5422 1904 (Northern TOURIST INFORMATION CENTERS CONTENTS food) TOURISMHOW TO GETAUTHORITY THERE OF THAILAND 6 Namo Le Café 178 Mu 1 Tambon Pong Saen Tong, (นโม เลอ คาเฟ) HEAD OFFICE Tel: 0 5432 5888, 08 6657 8901 ATTRACTIONS 8 1600 New PhetchaburiAmphoe Road,Mueang Makkasan Lampang 8 North Seafood Restaurant (ภัตตาคารนอรท ซีฟูด) 359/2 Chatchai Ratchathewi, Amphoe Bangkok 10400Ko Kha 18 Road, Tambon Suan Dok, Tel: 0 5432 3029 Tel: 0 2250 5500Amphoe (120 numbers) Hang Chat 22 Fax: 0 2250 5511 O-Cha Wattana (โอชาวัฒนา) 136/34-35 Phahonyothin Road, opp. Amphoe Chae Hom 26 E-mail: [email protected] Khelang Nakhon Hospital Tel: 0 5422 1153, 0 5421 8093 (Chinese Amphoe Mueang Pan 26 Website: www.tourismthailand.org Food) Amphoe Wang Nuea 30 MINISTRY Amphoe OF TOURISM Ngao AND SPORTS 30 Phon Narai (พรนารายณ) Ropwiang Road, Tel: 0 5422 1110 (Grilled 4 RatchadamnoenAmphoe Nok MaeAvenue, Mo Bangkok 10100 34 Duck or pork in the sauce with rice, Suki) 8.30 a.m. - 4.30Amphoe p.m. everyday Sop Prap 34 Regent Lodge (รีเจนท ลอดจ) 279/3 Phahonyothin Road, Tambon Amphoe Thoen 36 Huawiang, Tel: 0 5432 3388 (Halal food) TAT CHIANG MAI 105/1EVENTS Chiang AND Mai-Lamphun FESTIVALS Road, 38 Riverside (ริเวอรไซด) Thipchang Road, Tel: 0 5422 1861 (Northern Amphoe Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50000 LOCAL PRODUCTS AND SOUVENIRS 40 style, Western food) Tel: 0 5324 8604, 0 5324 8607, 0 5324 1466 INTERESTING ACTIVITIES 44 Ruean Phae (เรือนแพ) 270 Soi Rueanphae, behind Television Fax: 0 5324 8605 Station Channel 8, Phahonyothin Road (Lampang-Chiangrai Super www.tatchiangmai.org City tour by horse-drawn carriage 44 Highway, k.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Shun Thai Rubber Gloves Industry Public Co.,Ltd
    Annual Report 2020 SHUN THAI RUBBER GLOVES INDUSTRY PUBLIC CO.,LTD. CONTENTS Page Mission and Core Values 2 Message from the Board of Directors 3 General Information 4 Summary 7 Summary of the Financial Information 9 Types of Business 14 Risk Factors 24 Shareholders and Management 27 Internal Control and Risk Management 52 Related Transactions 53 Report of the Audit Committee 55 Financial Statement 57 1 / 113 Annual Report 2020 SHUN THAI RUBBER GLOVES INDUSTRY PUBLIC CO.,LTD. Mission and Core Values Vision “Manufacturing quality, acceptable, and environmentally friendly products (Green Product) by developing production efficiency, innovations, and value added.” Mission "The Company has an efficient production process, modern management system, a wide variety of products with international standards and environmentally friendly, and also an emphasis on effectiveness in marketing and the development of the value chain." Objectives Cost reduction. Marketing efficiency development. Production process and management improvement. Product quality improvement to meet the required standards. Green product development. Brand loyalty creation. 2 / 113 Annual Report 2020 SHUN THAI RUBBER GLOVES INDUSTRY PUBLIC CO.,LTD. Message from the Board of Directors The industrial economy in 2020, considering the Manufacturing Production Index (MPI), is expected to contract by 8.0 percent while MPI in 2019 grows 3.8 percent. The market fell due to natural disasters and the COVID-19 epidemic. The slowdown in the Chinese market and the slowing price competitiveness, partly due to financial institutions' tightness in approving credit and the falling behind in export markets caused by a slowdown in trading partners' economies. Thailand's GDP in 2020 was minus -6.4% compared to the same period of 2019 that grew 2.4% due to the economic situation affected by the COVID-19, increased government expenditures, markedly reduced Thai export and tourism sectors.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Health Impact Assessment
    Community Health Impact Assessment A Case of Coal Generator at Khao Hinsorn sub-district Phanom Sarakham district, Chachoengsao province, Thailand Community Health Impact Assessment Chachoengsao A Case of Coal Generator province - Khao Hinsorn This document is a summary of the book “Food - Coal, the Crossroad of Agricultural Land Development of Phanom Sarakham – Sanam Chai Khet” which was developed by learning process of an interest group sharing concern over the impacts on the 600 megawatt coal-based thermal power plant project of National Power Supply (Public) Company Limited, on approval process for the Operating License, in the areas of Tambol Khao Hinsorn, Amphoe Phanom Sarakham, Chachoengsao Province. The Group conducted Heath Impact Assessment under the mission “CHIA – Community Health Impact Assessment” consulted by external Agencies and academics. This group of people mainly consists of farmers who are members of Cha- choengsao Alternative Agriculture Network, Organic Farming of Sanam Chai Khet, Agroforestry Network, Save Bangkla, Mango Gardeners and Straw Mushroom Farmers. Therefore, the definition framework of Health and Health Determinants is specific to Modus vivendi of agriculture community, not the community organized according to physical property. The results from over two years of learning together is not only a report or information and evidence submitted to the Agencies related to Power Plant Licensing for consideration, but also study on area potentials of food pro- duction and expected future community as well as the development plan toward healthy community 1 2 The Beginning In 2008, learning from the news that the 600 megawatt Coal Generator would be constructed in Tambol Khao Hinsorn, the villagers expressed various demonstrations and defenses in order to protect their right for living in healthy environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Journeys of Northern
    TR AV EL Bangkoklife Post |• THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 2019 | 5 AWAY JOURNEYS OF PICHAYA SVASTI Farming fair in Ang Thong NORTHERN ART Until Feb 14, the “Farm Produce And Prized Products Of Ang Thong Fair” will take place at Wat Khun Inthapramun in Visiting handicraft villages in the Pho Thong district, Ang Thong province, from 8.30am-4.30pm. North of Thailand provides opportunities The objectives are to promote farming, food safety and local products, and hands-on experiences for tourists to learn introduce new farming technology and boost cultural tourism. Activities include about another aspect of cultural tourism exhibitions on agriculture, the display of a 100m-long vegetable tunnel, the sale STORY AND PHOTOS: PICHAYA SVASTI of local products and food, a light and sound show on the history of the temple, ravel is fun, especially when it can Buakhieo and Dee Kaewsamut, an 86-year- cultural performances, dragon and lion be carried out under uncommon old couple, are the founders of the co-operative. dances and singing and buffalo contests. themes. The North is charming Buakhieo, or Grandma Khieo, has been con- Contact the Tourism Authority of for the beauty of its nature, art and serving the creel weaving tradition by adding The ‘Tracing The Fading Legacy: Stories Of Living Legends’ Exhibition. Thailand (TAT)’s Suphan Buri Office at culture. Visiting the North to learn new and unique designs, artistic touches and 03-553-6030 or 03-552-5880. Tand appreciate traditional craftsmanship is an commercial value to the craft. Also, she has been Couple Sa-ngiam and Charal Panwai founded interesting idea, inspired by the ongoing exhi- promoting and upgrading Ban Pa Bong’s tradi- Ban Hong Kok Yaeng Mat Weaving Group.
    [Show full text]
  • Working Paper Series
    Michael H. Nelson ANALYZING PROVINCIAL POLITICAL STRUCTURES IN THAILAND: PHUAK, TRAKUN, AND HUA KHANAEN Working Paper Series No. 79 August 2005 The Southeast Asia Research Centre (SEARC) of the City University of Hong Kong publishes SEARC Working Papers Series electronically ©Copyright is held by the author or authors each Working Paper. SEARC Working Papers cannot be republished, reprinted, or reproduced in any format without the permission of the papers author or authors. Note: The views expressed in each paper are those of the author or authors of the paper. They do not represent the views of the Southeast Asia Research Centre, its Management Committee, or the City University of Hong Kong. Southeast Asia Research Centre Management Committee Professor Ian Holliday, Acting Director Professor Martin Painter Dr Vivienne Wee, Associate Director Dr Graeme Lang Dr Zang Xiaowei Editor of the SEARC Working Paper Series Dr Stephen Frost Southeast Asia Research Centre The City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR Tel: (852 21942352 Fax: (852) 21942353 http://www.cityu.edi.hk/searc ANALYZING PROVINCIAL POLITICAL STRUCTURES IN THAILAND: PHUAK , TRAKUN , AND HUA KHANAEN 1 Michael H. Nelson Faculty of Political Science Chulalongkorn University [email protected] This paper is about local politics and decentralization in Thailand. However, even in dealing with sub-national political processes, we cannot escape the formative influence global models of social organization exert on people’s lives. For example, why should a villager living somewhere in Thailand’s Mae Hong Son province add a piece of social action called “elections” (and all that is connected with it) to his life? To be sure, this villager did not come up with the idea himself.
    [Show full text]
  • Areas Removed from the Infected Area List Between 19 and 25 May
    W kly E pident, R t c r No. 21 - 26 May 1978 154 — Relevé épidim. hebd.: N“ 21 - 26 max 1974 YELLOW-FEVER VACCINATING CENTRES CENTRES DE VACCINATION CONTRE LA FIÈVRE JAUNE FOR INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL POUR LES VOYAGES INTERNATIONAUX Amendment to 1976 publication Amendement à la publication de 1976 Kenya Delete: \ Supprimer: Nairobi: Central Medical Laboratories Ltd., National Bank Building CORRIGENDUM RECTIFICATIF WER 1978, 53, No. 17, pp. 117-118 — CHOLERA IN 1977 REH 1978, 53, N° 17, pp. 117-118 — CHOLÉRA EN 1977 Delete: p. 117, first paragraph, first line : 58 661 Supprimer: p. 117, premier paragraphe, première ligne: 58 661 p. 117, penultimate paragraph, first line: 24 p. 117, avant-dernier paragraphe, première ligne: 24 p. 117, Table 2, 1977: 58 661 p. 117, Tableau 2, 1977: 58 661 p. 118, Total Europe: 2 4 1 p. 118, Total Europe: 2 4 1 p. 118, Total: 1309 p. 118, Total: 1399 p. 118, World Total: 56 661511 p. 118, Total Mondial: 56 661511 Insert: p. 117, first paragraph, first line : 58 662 Insérer: p. 117, premier paragraphe, première ligne: 58 662 p, 117, penultimate paragraph, first line: 25 p. 117, avant-dernier paragraphe, première ligne: 25 p. 117, Table 2 , 1977:58 662 p. 117, Tableau 2, 1977: 58 662 p. 118, Table 1: Netherlands — Pays-Bas: 1 1 p. 118, Tableau 1: Netherlands — Pays-Bas: 1 * p. 118, Total Europe: 25 1 p. 118, Total Europe: 25 1 p. 118, Total: 1310 p. 118, Total: 1 310 p. 118, World Total: 56 66258 ‘ p. 118, Total Mondial: 56 66252 1 SMALLPOX SURVEILLANCE SURVEILLANCE DE LA VARIOLE Number of smallpox-free weeks worldwide: Nombre de semaines sans cas de variole dans le monde: 30 Last case: Somalia, onset of rash on 26 October 1977.
    [Show full text]
  • Michael-H-Nelson-On-Chachoengsao
    KPI Thai Politics Up-date No. 5 (February 20, 2009) “hot”g Thailand’s Election of December 23, 2007: Observations from Chachoengsao Province Michael H. Nelson1 On September 19, 2006, Army Commander-in-Chief Sonthi Boonyaratglin led a group of soldiers in overthrowing the Thaksin government. The drafting of a new constitution, a referendum on it, and a general election followed. Small groups of people-in-power in Bangkok invariably made the decisions. However, they necessi- tated a large range of follow-up actions and much discussion at Thailand’s provincial level. The present report is the third in a small series that deals with what happened in Chachoengsao province during this latest instance of military intervention in Thai pol- itics. The first report described public hearings on the draft constitution (KPI Thai Politics Up-date, No. 3, August 14, 2007), while the second was about the referendum on the constitution (KPI Thai Politics Up-date, No. 4, February 6, 2008). As with the first two reports, the present one is based on field data collection in Chachoengsao, conducted between October 1 and December 30, 2007.2 This report will deal with the basic electoral organization, the redrawing of constituency boundaries, the electoral calendar, the process of becoming a candidate, issues concerning the political struc- ture and the election candidates, the roles of the Election Commission of Thailand (ECT) and Chachoengsao’s Provincial Election Commission (PEC) in election adver- tising, advance voting, and the election results.3 Finally, the conclusion will expand the horizon beyond the province of Chachoengsao. 2 Basic electoral organization The ECT’s organizational division into a board consisting of a chairperson and four members appointed for a single term of seven years (the commission proper)4 and a permanent office headed by a secretary general was mirrored at the provincial level.
    [Show full text]