Molecular Characterization of Novel Soybean-Associated Viruses Identified by High-Throughput Sequencing
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Alfalfa PMG 12 19 11
UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: ALFALFA September 2010 Contents (Dates in parenthesis indicate when each topic was updated) Alfalfa Year-Round IPM Program Checklist (11/06) ........................................................................................................................ iv General Information Integrated Pest Management (11/06) ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Selecting the Field (11/06) ................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Transgenic Herbicide-Tolerant Alfalfa (11/06) ................................................................................................................................... 3 Biological Control (11/06) ................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Sampling with a Sweep Net (11/06) .................................................................................................................................................... 6 Crop Rotation (11/06) .......................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Aphid Monitoring (9/07) ..................................................................................................................................................................... -
Icvg 2009 Part I Pp 1-131.Pdf
16th Meeting of the International Council for the Study of Virus and Virus-like Diseases of the Grapevine (ICVG XVI) 31 August - 4 September 2009 Dijon, France Extended Abstracts Le Progrès Agricole et Viticole - ISSN 0369-8173 Modifications in the layout of abstracts received from authors have been made to fit with the publication format of Le Progrès Agricole et Viticole. We apologize for errors that could have arisen during the editing process despite our careful vigilance. Acknowledgements Cover page : Olivier Jacquet Photos : Gérard Simonin Jean Le Maguet ICVG Steering Committee ICVG XVI Organising committee Giovanni, P. MARTELLI, chairman (I) Elisabeth BOUDON-PADIEU (INRA) Paul GUGERLI, secretary (CH) Silvio GIANINAZZI (INRA - CNRS) Giuseppe BELLI (I) Jocelyne PÉRARD (Chaire UNESCO Culture et Johan T. BURGER (RSA) Traditions du Vin, Univ Bourgogne) Marc FUCHS (F – USA) Olivier JACQUET (Chaire UNESCO Culture et Deborah A. GOLINO (USA) Traditions du Vin, Univ Bourgogne) Raymond JOHNSON (CA) Pascale SEDDAS (INRA) Michael MAIXNER (D) Sandrine ROUSSEAUX (Institut Jules Guyot, Univ Gustavo NOLASCO (P) Bourgogne) Denis CLAIR (INRA) Ali REZAIAN (USA) Dominique MILLOT (INRA) Iannis C. RUMBOS (G) Xavier DAIRE (INRA – CRECEP) Oscar A. De SEQUEIRA (P) Mary Jo FARMER (INRA) Edna TANNE (IL) Caroline CHATILLON (SEDIAG) Etienne HERRBACH (INRA Colmar) René BOVEY, Honorary secretary Jean Le MAGUET (INRA Colmar) Honorary committee members Session convenors A. CAUDWELL (F) D. GONSALVES (USA) Michael MAIXNER H.-H. KASSEMEYER (D) Olivier LEMAIRE G. KRIEL (RSA) Etienne HERRBACH D. STELLMACH, (D) Élisabeth BOUDON-PADIEU A. TELIZ, (Mex) Sandrine ROUSSEAUX A. VUITTENEZ (F) Pascale SEDDAS B. WALTER (F). Invited speakers to ICVG XVI Giovanni P. -
(Pentatomidae) DISSERTATION Presented
Genome Evolution During Development of Symbiosis in Extracellular Mutualists of Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae) DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Alejandro Otero-Bravo Graduate Program in Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University 2020 Dissertation Committee: Zakee L. Sabree, Advisor Rachelle Adams Norman Johnson Laura Kubatko Copyrighted by Alejandro Otero-Bravo 2020 Abstract Nutritional symbioses between bacteria and insects are prevalent, diverse, and have allowed insects to expand their feeding strategies and niches. It has been well characterized that long-term insect-bacterial mutualisms cause genome reduction resulting in extremely small genomes, some even approaching sizes more similar to organelles than bacteria. While several symbioses have been described, each provides a limited view of a single or few stages of the process of reduction and the minority of these are of extracellular symbionts. This dissertation aims to address the knowledge gap in the genome evolution of extracellular insect symbionts using the stink bug – Pantoea system. Specifically, how do these symbionts genomes evolve and differ from their free- living or intracellular counterparts? In the introduction, we review the literature on extracellular symbionts of stink bugs and explore the characteristics of this system that make it valuable for the study of symbiosis. We find that stink bug symbiont genomes are very valuable for the study of genome evolution due not only to their biphasic lifestyle, but also to the degree of coevolution with their hosts. i In Chapter 1 we investigate one of the traits associated with genome reduction, high mutation rates, for Candidatus ‘Pantoea carbekii’ the symbiont of the economically important pest insect Halyomorpha halys, the brown marmorated stink bug, and evaluate its potential for elucidating host distribution, an analysis which has been successfully used with other intracellular symbionts. -
Grapevine Virus Diseases: Economic Impact and Current Advances in Viral Prospection and Management1
1/22 ISSN 0100-2945 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452017411 GRAPEVINE VIRUS DISEASES: ECONOMIC IMPACT AND CURRENT ADVANCES IN VIRAL PROSPECTION AND MANAGEMENT1 MARCOS FERNANDO BASSO2, THOR VINÍCIUS MArtins FAJARDO3, PASQUALE SALDARELLI4 ABSTRACT-Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is a major vegetative propagated fruit crop with high socioeconomic importance worldwide. It is susceptible to several graft-transmitted agents that cause several diseases and substantial crop losses, reducing fruit quality and plant vigor, and shorten the longevity of vines. The vegetative propagation and frequent exchanges of propagative material among countries contribute to spread these pathogens, favoring the emergence of complex diseases. Its perennial life cycle further accelerates the mixing and introduction of several viral agents into a single plant. Currently, approximately 65 viruses belonging to different families have been reported infecting grapevines, but not all cause economically relevant diseases. The grapevine leafroll, rugose wood complex, leaf degeneration and fleck diseases are the four main disorders having worldwide economic importance. In addition, new viral species and strains have been identified and associated with economically important constraints to grape production. In Brazilian vineyards, eighteen viruses, three viroids and two virus-like diseases had already their occurrence reported and were molecularly characterized. Here, we review the current knowledge of these viruses, report advances in their diagnosis and prospection of new species, and give indications about the management of the associated grapevine diseases. Index terms: Vegetative propagation, plant viruses, crop losses, berry quality, next-generation sequencing. VIROSES EM VIDEIRAS: IMPACTO ECONÔMICO E RECENTES AVANÇOS NA PROSPECÇÃO DE VÍRUS E MANEJO DAS DOENÇAS DE ORIGEM VIRAL RESUMO-A videira (Vitis spp.) é propagada vegetativamente e considerada uma das principais culturas frutíferas por sua importância socioeconômica mundial. -
Vector Capability of Xiphinema Americanum Sensu Lato in California 1
Journal of Nematology 21(4):517-523. 1989. © The Society of Nematologists 1989. Vector Capability of Xiphinema americanum sensu lato in California 1 JOHN A. GRIESBACH 2 AND ARMAND R. MAGGENTI s Abstract: Seven field populations of Xiphineraa americanum sensu lato from California's major agronomic areas were tested for their ability to transmit two nepoviruses, including the prune brownline, peach yellow bud, and grapevine yellow vein strains of" tomato ringspot virus and the bud blight strain of tobacco ringspot virus. Two field populations transmitted all isolates, one population transmitted all tomato ringspot virus isolates but failed to transmit bud blight strain of tobacco ringspot virus, and the remaining four populations failed to transmit any virus. Only one population, which transmitted all isolates, bad been associated with field spread of a nepovirus. As two California populations of Xiphinema americanum sensu lato were shown to have the ability to vector two different nepoviruses, a nematode taxonomy based on a parsimony of virus-vector re- lationship is not practical for these populations. Because two California populations ofX. americanum were able to vector tobacco ringspot virus, commonly vectored by X. americanum in the eastern United States, these western populations cannot be differentiated from eastern populations by vector capability tests using tobacco ringspot virus. Key words: dagger nematode, tobacco ringspot virus, tomato ringspot virus, nepovirus, Xiphinema americanum, Xiphinema californicum. Populations of Xiphinema americanum brownline (PBL), prunus stem pitting (PSP) Cobb, 1913 shown through rigorous test- and cherry leaf mottle (CLM) (8). Both PBL ing (23) to be nepovirus vectors include X. and PSP were transmitted with a high de- americanum sensu lato (s.1.) for tobacco gree of efficiency, whereas CLM was trans- ringspot virus (TobRSV) (5), tomato ring- mitted rarely. -
Virology Journal Biomed Central
Virology Journal BioMed Central Research Open Access The complete genomes of three viruses assembled from shotgun libraries of marine RNA virus communities Alexander I Culley1, Andrew S Lang2 and Curtis A Suttle*1,3 Address: 1University of British Columbia, Department of Botany, 3529-6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4, Canada, 2Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada and 3University of British Columbia, Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 1461-6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada Email: Alexander I Culley - [email protected]; Andrew S Lang - [email protected]; Curtis A Suttle* - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 6 July 2007 Received: 10 May 2007 Accepted: 6 July 2007 Virology Journal 2007, 4:69 doi:10.1186/1743-422X-4-69 This article is available from: http://www.virologyj.com/content/4/1/69 © 2007 Culley et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: RNA viruses have been isolated that infect marine organisms ranging from bacteria to whales, but little is known about the composition and population structure of the in situ marine RNA virus community. In a recent study, the majority of three genomes of previously unknown positive-sense single-stranded (ss) RNA viruses were assembled from reverse-transcribed whole- genome shotgun libraries. -
Thrips-Transmitted Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) in California Crops
Emergence and integrated management of thrips-transmitted Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in California crops UCCE-Monterey County; 2015 Plant Disease Seminar November 4, 2015; County of Monterey Agricultural Center; Salinas, California Ozgur Batuman Department of Plant Pathology, UC Davis California Processing Tomatoes And Peppers • Today, California grows 95 percent of the USA’s processing tomatoes and approximately 30 percent of the world processing tomatoes production! • California produced 60 and 69 percent of the bell peppers and chile peppers, respectively, grown in the USA in 2014! Pepper-infecting viruses • ~70 viruses known to infect peppers worldwide • ~10 of these known to occur in California • Most are not seed-transmitted • Difficult to identify based on symptoms • Mixed infections are common • Transmitted from plant-to-plant by various insects, primarily aphids and thrips • Best managed by an IPM approach TSWV Key viruses affecting peppers in CA production areas • Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) Alfamovirus • Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) Cucumovirus • Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV) Potyvirus Aphid • Potato virus Y (PVY) Potyvirus • Tobacco etch virus (TEV) Potyvirus • Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMV) Tobamovirus • Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) Tobamovirus Seed & Mechanical • Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) Tobamovirus • Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) Tospovirus Thrips • Impatient necrotic spot virus (INSV) Tospovirus • Beet curly top virus (BCTV) Curtovirus Leafhopper *Whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses in peppers are not present in -
Transmission of Virus by the Progeny of Crosses Between Xiphinema Diversicaudatum
Transmission of virus by the progeny of crosses between XQhinema diversicaudatüm (Nematoda : Dorylaimoidea) from Italy and Scotland Derek J. F. BROWN Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, 002 SDA, Scotland. SUMMARY Transmission of the type-British strainsof arabis mosaic (AMV-T) and strawberry latent ringspot viruses (SLRV-T) and a strain of SLRV from Italy (SLRV-Ip) by FI and F2 hybrid Xiphinenza diversicaudatum was examined in the laboratory. The hybrid nematodes were crossbred from populations which readily (Scotland) and only infrequently (Italy) transmitted viruses.The ability of X. diversicaudatum hybrids to transmit viruses was foundto be inherited withthe choice of both maternaland paternal parents affecting the hybrids ability to transmit viruses. It is possible that the genetic influence on the hybrids ability to transmit viruses was cytoplasmically inherited. The principal factor likely to be involved is the ability of X. di ver sic au da tu??^ selectively and specifically to retain virus particles at sites of retention within its feeding apparatus. RBSUME La transnzission des virus par la descendance de croiselnents entre Xiphjnema diversicaudatum (Nernatoda :Do ylainzoidea) provenantd’ltalie et d’Ecosse La transmission de souches de type britannique des virus de la mosaïque arabis (AMV-T), du virus du G ringspot n latent du fraisier (SLRV-T)et d’une souchede SLRV provenant d‘Italie (SLRV-Ip) par des hybridesFI et F2 de Xiphinewa diversicaudatuwz .a été Ctudiée au laboratoire. Les nématodes hybrides étaient obtenus par croisements entre populations qui transmettent les virus soit activement (Ecosse), soit seulement occasionnellement (Italie). La capacité de transmission des virus montrée par les X. -
Trabajo Fin De Grado Biotecnología
FACULTAD DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA. LEIOA TRABAJO FIN DE GRADO BIOTECNOLOGÍA CLONACIÓN, EXPRESIÓN Y PURIFICACIÓN DE LA PROTEÍNA VIRAL VP4 DE TRIATOMA VIRUS Alumno: Goikolea Egia, Julen Fecha: Junio 2014 Director: Curso Académico: Dr. Diego Marcelo Guérin Aguilar 2013/14 ÍNDICE 1. INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS ........................................................................ 1 1.1. Ausencia de la proteína viral VP4 en la estructura cristalográfica de la cápside ............................................................................................................. 4 1.2. Viroporinas .................................................................................................... 5 1.3. Mecanismos de acción de proteínas con actividad permeabilizadora de membrana ........................................................................................................ 8 1.4. Objetivos ........................................................................................................ 11 2. DESARROLLO ..................................................................................................... 12 2.1. Materiales y Métodos ...................................................................................... 12 2.1.1. Purificación de TrV .............................................................................. 12 2.1.2. Extracción del ARN ............................................................................. 12 2.1.3. Clonaje de VP4-pET28a ...................................................................... -
Response of Blackberry Cultivars to Nematode Transmission of Tobacco Ringspot Virus Alisha Sanny University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal Volume 4 Article 18 Fall 2003 Response of Blackberry Cultivars to Nematode Transmission of Tobacco Ringspot Virus Alisha Sanny University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/inquiry Part of the Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons, Horticulture Commons, and the Plant Pathology Commons Recommended Citation Sanny, Alisha (2003) "Response of Blackberry Cultivars to Nematode Transmission of Tobacco Ringspot Virus," Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal: Vol. 4 , Article 18. Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/inquiry/vol4/iss1/18 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Inquiry: The nivU ersity of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. '' I.'' Sanny: Response of Blackberry Cultivars to Nematode Transmission of Toba 106 INQUIRY Volume 4 2003 RESPONSE OF BLACKBERRY CULTIVARS TO NEMATODE TRANSMISSION OF TOBACCO RINGSPOT VIRUS \ ! By Alisha Sanny i Department of Horticulture :' Faculty Mentors: Professors John R.Clark and Rose Gergerich Departments of Horticulture and Plant Pathology, respectively Abstract: length in a two-year period, but that there was a significant yield reduction (50%) in RBDV infected plants, along with reduced A study was conducted on eight cultivars of blackberry berry weight (40%) and drupelet number per berry (39%) (Strik ('Apache', 'Arapaho', 'Chester', 'Chickasaw', 'Kiowa', and Martin, 2002). Infected plants also showed visual symptoms, 'Navaho', 'Shawnee', and 'Triple Crown'), ofwhichfourplants including chlorosis, vein clearing, silver discoloration, and of each were previously detennined in the fall of200I to have malformed, small fruit. -
Symptom Recovery in Tomato Ringspot Virus Infected Nicotiana
SYMPTOM RECOVERY IN TOMATO RINGSPOT VIRUS INFECTED NICOTIANA BENTHAMIANA PLANTS: INVESTIGATION INTO THE ROLE OF PLANT RNA SILENCING MECHANISMS by BASUDEV GHOSHAL B.Sc., Surendranath College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India, 2003 M. Sc., University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India, 2005 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES (Botany) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) August 2014 © Basudev Ghoshal, 2014 Abstract Symptom recovery in virus-infected plants is characterized by the emergence of asymptomatic leaves after a systemic symptomatic phase of infection and has been linked with the clearance of the viral RNA due to the induction of RNA silencing. However, the recovery of Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV)-infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants is not associated with viral RNA clearance in spite of active RNA silencing triggered against viral sequences. ToRSV isolate Rasp1-infected plants recover from infection at 27°C but not at 21°C, indicating a temperature-dependent recovery. In contrast, plants infected with ToRSV isolate GYV recover from infection at both temperatures. In this thesis, I studied the molecular mechanisms leading to symptom recovery in ToRSV-infected plants. I provide evidence that recovery of Rasp1-infected N. benthamiana plants at 27°C is associated with a reduction of the steady-state levels of RNA2-encoded coat protein (CP) but not of RNA2. In vivo labelling experiments revealed efficient synthesis of CP early in infection, but reduced RNA2 translation later in infection. Silencing of Argonaute1-like (NbAgo1) genes prevented both symptom recovery and RNA2 translation repression at 27°C. -
OCCURRENCE of STONE FRUIT VIRUSES in PLUM ORCHARDS in LATVIA Alina Gospodaryk*,**, Inga Moroèko-Bièevska*, Neda Pûpola*, and Anna Kâle*
PROCEEDINGS OF THE LATVIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. Section B, Vol. 67 (2013), No. 2 (683), pp. 116–123. DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2013-0018 OCCURRENCE OF STONE FRUIT VIRUSES IN PLUM ORCHARDS IN LATVIA Alina Gospodaryk*,**, Inga Moroèko-Bièevska*, Neda Pûpola*, and Anna Kâle* * Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing, Graudu iela 1, Dobele LV-3701, LATVIA [email protected] ** Educational and Scientific Centre „Institute of Biology”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev 01033, UKRAINE Communicated by Edîte Kaufmane To evaluate the occurrence of nine viruses infecting Prunus a large-scale survey and sampling in Latvian plum orchards was carried out. Occurrence of Apple mosaic virus (ApMV), Prune dwarf virus (PDV), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), and Plum pox virus (PPV) was investigated by RT-PCR and DAS ELISA detection methods. The de- tection rates of both methods were compared. Screening of occurrence of Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) and Petunia asteroid mosaic virus (PeAMV) was performed by DAS-ELISA. In total, 38% of the tested trees by RT-PCR were infected at least with one of the analysed viruses. Among those 30.7% were in- fected with PNRSV and 16.4% with PDV, while ApMV, ACLSV and PPV were detected in few samples. The most widespread mixed infection was the combination of PDV+PNRSV. Observed symptoms characteristic for PPV were confirmed with RT-PCR and D strain was detected. Com- parative analyses showed that detection rates by RT-PCR and DAS ELISA in plums depended on the particular virus tested.