Modernisation Plans Need a Major Boost, by Brig Gurmeet

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Modernisation Plans Need a Major Boost, by Brig Gurmeet Modernisation Plans Need a Major Boost Gurmeet Kanwal New procurements have commenced… but we are still lagging by 15 years. — Defence Minister A K Antony Modernisation Dilemma As an ancient civilisation but a young nation that is still in the process of nation building, India faces many threats and challenges to its external and internal security. The foremost among these are the long-festering dispute over Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) with Pakistan and the unresolved territorial and boundary dispute with China. Since its independence from the British on August 15, 1947, India has been forced to fight four wars with Pakistan (1947-48, 1965, 1971 and 1999) and one with China (1962). India’s internal security environment has been vitiated by a ‘proxy war’ through which Pakistan has fuelled an uprising in J&K since 1988-89. Various militant movements in India’s northeastern states and the rising tide of Maoist terrorism in large parts of central India have also contributed to internal instability. India’s regional security is marked by instability in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. With personnel strength of approximately 1.1 million soldiers, the Indian Army has made a huge contribution towards keeping the nation together, particularly in facing internal security challenges. It is a first-rate army but has been saddled for long with second-rate weapons and equipment, despite heavy operational commitments on border management and in counter-insurgency Brigadier Gurmeet Kanwal (Retd) is Director, Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi. CLAWS Journal l Winter 2010 25 GURMEET KANWAL The slender operations. The modernisation dilemma that conventional edge the Indian Army faces is that the budgetary that the Indian support available for modernisation is grossly Army enjoys over inadequate. It can undertake substantive the Pakistan Army modernisation only by simultaneously will be eroded effecting large-scale downsizing so as to save further as Pakistan on personnel costs – the largest chunk of the is spending army’s annual budget. However, it would not be considerably large prudent to downsize as the army’s operational sums of money commitments on border management, and on its military internal security duties require large numbers modernisation of manpower-heavy infantry battalions. Hence, and is getting it is a Catch 22 situation! weapons and India’s defence budget is pegged at equipment from approximately 2.0 per cent of the country’s the United States Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Of the total at subsidised rates. defence budget of Rs 1, 47,344 crore for Financial Year 2010-11, the army’s share is Rs 74,582 crore. Of this, Rs 58,995 crore is on account of Revenue Expenditure (pay and allowances, rations, fuel, ammunition, etc) and only Rs 15,587 crore (26.42 percent) is available on the Capital Expenditure account for modernisation schemes. Because extremely limited funds are made available for modernisation and a large portion of these is surrendered year after year due to scams and bureaucratic red tape, the Indian Army has almost completely missed the ongoing revolution in military affairs (RMA). If this state of affairs continues much longer, the quantitative military gap with China will soon become a qualitative gap as well, as China is continuing to modernise its armed forces at a rapid rate. China’s defence budget has been growing at a double-digit rate annually for about a decade. Also, the slender conventional edge that the Indian Army enjoys over the Pakistan Army will be eroded further as Pakistan is spending considerably large sums of money on its military modernisation and is getting weapons and equipment from the United States at subsidised rates – ostensibly for fighting the so-called global war on terror. Given the collusive nuclear, missile and military hardware nexus between China and Pakistan, the then Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) had stated at the Army Training Command’s seminar on army doctrine in December 2009 that the army must prepare to fight a war on two fronts. Unless the budgetary support available 26 Claws Journal l Winter 2010 MODERNISATION PLANS NEED A MAJOR BOOST for modernisation increases substantially over It is time to phase the next decade, this will remain an aspirational the obsolescent doctrine. T-55s out of service as they Chinks in the Armour can no longer be On Army Day 2010, the then COAS had admitted either upgraded that a large number of India’s battle tanks are or modernised. “night blind”. The indigenously designed Arjun main battle tank (MBT) had consistently failed to meet the army’s General Staff Qualitative Requirements (GSQR) for an MBT for almost two decades, but now orders have been placed for 124 tanks to be manufactured to equip two regiments. While Pakistan has acquired 320 T-80 UD tanks and is on course to add the Al Khalid tanks that it has co-developed with China to its armour fleet, vintage T-55 tanks continue in the Indian Army’s inventory despite their obsolescence. Consequently, 310 T-90S MBTs had to be imported from Russia. Since the lack of progress on the Arjun MBT had significantly slowed down the pace of armour modernisation, in the year 2000 India signed a deal with Russia to acquire 310 T-90S tanks and assemble 1,000 in India. In December 2007, a contract was signed for 347 additional T-90S tanks to be assembled in India. The first Indian assembled T-90S (Bhishma) rolled off the production line on January 8, 2004. Meanwhile, a programme has been launched to modernise the T-72 M1 Ajeya MBTs that have been the mainstay of the army’s strike corps and their armoured divisions since the 1980s. The programme seeks to upgrade the night fighting capabilities and fire control system of the tank, among other modifications. Approximately 1,700 T-72 M1s have been manufactured under licence at the Heavy Vehicle Factory (HVF), Avadi. The BMP-1 and the BMP-2 infantry combat vehicles (ICVs), which have been the mainstay of the mechanised infantry battalions for long, are now ageing and replacements need to be found soon. The replacement vehicles must be capable of being deployed for internal security (IS) duties and counter-insurgency (CI) operations in addition to their primary role in conventional conflicts. It is time to phase the obsolescent T-55s out of service as they can no longer be either upgraded or modernised. The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has commenced the conceptual stage development of the future main battle tank (FMBT) and future infantry combat vehicle (FICV) for the 2020-25 time-frames. The T-90S Russian tanks have provided new teeth to India’s strike formations in the plains and corrected the imbalance CLAWS Journal l Winter 2010 27 GURMEET KANWAL that had resulted from Pakistan’s acquisition of T-80 UD from Ukraine and the Al Khalid tanks jointly designed with China. Hence, armour modernisation is proceeding apace but cannot yet be classified as a success story. Obsolescent Artillery and Air Defence Despite the lessons learnt during the Kargil conflict of 1999, where artillery firepower had undeniably paved the way for victory, modernisation of the artillery continues to lag behind. The last major acquisition of towed gun-howitzers was that of about 400 pieces of 39-calibre 155 mm FH-77B howitzers from Bofors of Sweden in the mid-1980s. New tenders have been floated for 155mm/ 39-calibre light weight howitzers for the mountains and 155mm/52-calibre long-range howitzers for the plains, as well as for self-propelled guns for the desert terrain. As re-trials have not yet commenced, it will take almost five years more for the first of the new guns to enter service. It has been reported recently that the Ministry of Defence (MoD) is in the process of acquiring 145 155mm/ 39-calibre M777 howitzers for the mountains through the foreign military sales (FMS) route from the US in a government-to-government deal. The M777 howitzer is undergoing desert trials at the time of writing. The artillery also needs large quantities of precision guided munitions (PGMs) for more accurate targeting in future battles. The present stocking levels of PGMs are rather low. A contract for the acquisition of two regiments of the 12-tube, 300 mm Smerch multi-barrel rocket launcher (MBRL) system with 90 km range was signed with Russia’s Rosoboronexport in early-2006. If this weapon system had been available during the Kargil conflict, Pakistan’s Brigade Headquarters (HQ) and forward airfield at Skardu and other targets deep inside Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (POK) could have been hit with impunity. The BrahMos supersonic cruise missile (Mach 2.8 to 3.0), with a precision strike capability, very high kill energy and maximum range of 290 km, was inducted into the army in July 2007. These terrain hugging missiles are virtually immune to counter-measures due to their high speed and very low radar cross-section. A contract worth Rs 5,000 crore has also been signed for the serial production of the Pinaka MBRL weapon system, another DRDO project plagued by time delays and completed with help from Larsen and Toubro and the Tatas. The Pinaka rockets will have an approximate range of 37 km. These three weapon systems together will provide a major boost to the artillery’s ability to destroy key targets at long ranges. It is also time to now consider the induction of unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAVs), armed with air-to-surface missiles, 28 Claws Journal l Winter 2010 MODERNISATION PLANS NEED A MAJOR BOOST into service for air-to-ground precision attacks.
Recommended publications
  • Hoả Tiễn Siêu Thanh Brahmos
    Nhóm Mạng Việt Nam Văn Hiến www.vietnamvanhien.net/org/info/com Hoả Tiễn Siêu Thanh Brahmos Nam Phong tổng hợp Hoả tiễn siêu thanh Brahmos đã được phối trí trên những vị trí chiến lược tại Ấn Độ tháng 11 năm 2006. Brahmos là tên cuả một công ty hổn hợp giữa hai chánh quyền Nga và Ấn sản xuất hoả tiễn để trang bị trên phi cơ, tàu ngầm, tàu nổi và trên đất liền. Với những đặc điểm như sau: Tầm xa: 300km Trọng lượng: 300kgs Đường kính: 600cm Chiều dài: 8.4m, ngắn hơn nếu trang bị trên phi cơ Tốc độ: 2.08 - 3 mach = 50km/phút Giá tiền: 2.73 triệu đô Mỹ mỗi cái 1 Hoả Tiễn Siêu Thanh Brahmos – Nam Phong tổng hợp www.vietnamvanhien.net Brahmos (ảnh cuả cautionindia.com) Brahmos trên đất (ảnh cuả forum.bahrat.com) Brahmos trên phi cơ (ảnh cuả nosint.com) 2 Hoả Tiễn Siêu Thanh Brahmos – Nam Phong tổng hợp www.vietnamvanhien.net Brahmos trên tàu chiến (ảnh cuả nosint.com) Brahmos trong tàu ngầm (ảnh cuả nosint.com) Chi tiết hơn như dưới đây: BrahMos From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia . BrahMos 3 Hoả Tiễn Siêu Thanh Brahmos – Nam Phong tổng hợp www.vietnamvanhien.net BrahMos and the launch canister on display at the International Maritime Defence Show, IMDS-2007, St. Petersburg, Russia Type Cruise missile Place of origin India/Russia Service history In service November 2006 Used by Indian Army Indian Navy Indian Airforce (awaiting) Production history Manufacturer Joint venture, Federal State Unitary Enterprise NPO Mashinostroeyenia (Russia) and Defence Research and Development Organization (BrahMos Corp, India) Unit cost US$ 2.73 million 4 Hoả Tiễn Siêu Thanh Brahmos – Nam Phong tổng hợp www.vietnamvanhien.net Specifications Weight 3,000 kg 2,500 kg (air-launched) Length 8.4 m Diameter 0.6 m Warhead 300 kg Conventional semi- armour-piercing Engine Two-stage integrated Rocket/Ramjet Operational 290 km range Speed Mach 2.8-3.0[1] Launch Ship, submarine, aircraft and platform land-based mobile launchers.
    [Show full text]
  • SP's Land Forces June-July 2012
    June-July 2012 Volume 9 No. 3 `100.00 (India-Based Buyer Only) SP’s AN SP GUIDE P UBLICATION TREASURE HOUSE visit: www.spsmilitaryyearbook.com WWW.SPSLANDFORCES.NET 23_InhouseInside back Cover_MYBAd.indd 23 TREASUR AD.indd 1 13/01/1223/08/11 1:526:26 PM ROUNDUP IN THIS ISSUE The ONLY journal in Asia dedicated to Land Forces PAGE 6 >> COVER STORY Build Capacity, Strengthen Interoperability While the Indian Army is continuously Photograph: SP Guide Pubns working on bettering its C4I2SR capabilities, there is need for more focus and acceleration of capacity building in this context. Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch PAGE 8 India to Get 145 M777 Ultra Light Howitzers from BAE The Ministry of Defence on May 11, 2012, cleared the `3,000-crore deal to buy 145 M777 ultra light howitzers from the US defence manufacturer, BAE Systems. Lt General (Retd) V.K. Kapoor PAGE 9 Demilitarising Siachen? Will demilitarisation of Siachen increase the chances/avenues of conflict between China- Pakistan and India? An arbitrary political decision to demilitarise Siachen will be suicidal. Preparing and Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch PAGE 11 India’s Strategic Deterrence Reaches Equipping for War New Heights Indian authorities believe that the solid- fuelled Agni-V is more than adequate The Indian Army’s current challenge is to find the appropriate balance between to meet current threat perceptions and the old methods of conducting war and the new ways. There is no option but security concerns as it will bring the whole of Asia, including the northernmost parts to restructure our organisations, our force levels, introduce new technologies of China, a large part of Europe and other and doctrines, and more importantly change our mindset in order to address the regions, under its strike envelope.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Ministry of Defence Annual Report 2004
    ANNUAL REPORT 2004-05 lR;eso t;rs Ministry of Defence Government of India Front Cover : BRAHMOS Supersonic Cruise Missile being launched from a Naval war ship. Back Cover: The aerobatic team of the Indian Air Force the Suryakirans demonstrating its awesome aerobatic skills. CONTENTS 1. The Security Environment 5 2. Organisation and Functions of the Ministry of Defence 17 3. Indian Army 25 4. Indian Navy 45 5. Indian Air Force 55 6. Coast Guard 61 7. Defence Production 69 8. Defence Research and Development 97 9. Inter-Service Organisations 115 10. Recruitment and training 131 11. Resettlement and welfare of ex-servicemen 159 12. Cooperation between the armed forces and civil authorities 177 13. National Cadet Corps 185 14. Defence Relations with Foreign Countries 197 15. Ceremonial, Academic and Adventure Activities 203 16. Activities of Vigilance Units 215 17. Empowerment and Welfare of Women 219 Appendix I. Matters Dealt by the Departments of the Ministry of Defence 227 II. Ministers, Chiefs of Staff and Secretaries 232 who were in Position from April 1, 2004 Onwards III. Summary of Latest Comptroller & Auditor General 233 (C&AG) Report on the Working of Ministry of Defence 1 THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT Su-30 5 THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT is bordered by the Arabian Sea, the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal. 1.1 Connected by land to west, India is thus a maritime as well as central, continental, and south-east continental entity. This geographical Asia, and by sea, to the littoral states and topographical diversity, espe- of the Indian Ocean from East Africa cially on its borders, also poses to the Indonesian archipelago, India unique challenges to our Armed is strategically located vis-à-vis both Forces.
    [Show full text]
  • SP's Land Forces June-July 2011
    June-July 2011 Volume 8 No 3 R `100.00 (India-based Buyer Only) SP’s AN SP GUIDE PUBLICATION WWW.SPSLANDFORCES.NET ROUNDUP IN THIS ISSUE The ONLY journal in Asia dedicated to Land Forces PAGE 4 >> INTERVIEW Smart Munitions to Minimise Damage A percentage of Indian armour (tanks) already has the capability of firing missiles from the gun tube apart from conventional munitions. This capability should also be ‘I visualise a broader introduced in future ICVs and tanks. Lt General (Retd) V.K. Kapoor mandate for the Mechanised PAGE 7 Meeting Army’s Tactical Requirements Special vehicles are an essential part of the Forces in the future’ mobility that needs to be addressed. PHOTOGRAPHS : Anoop Kamath/SP Guide Pubns Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch PAGE 9 Modernising the Infantry The apathy of the Defence Ministry in equip - ment procurement could have disastrous results in the future. We need far greater focus and a firm political will to modernise our military and build the desired military capability for the future. Lt General (Retd) V.K. Kapoor PAGE 10 Bots the Armoured Warriors Botnets are essentially malicious having turned into big business. In simple terms, it is a network of infected end-hosts (bots) under the command of a botmaster. Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch PAGE 11 India Inducts Agni-III... ...Is a step closer to ICBM Vishal Thapar PAGE 14 The Mechanised Forces Directorate of the Indian Army has evolved into a fully A Reality Check integrated model and is responsible for all issues with respect to Armoured Corps, India’s Special Forces do not have the same capability as the US forces due to non-avail - Mechanised Infantry and the Brigade of the Guards.
    [Show full text]
  • Ordnance Factories, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Directorate General of Quality Assurance and National Cadet Corps
    30 STANDING COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE (2016-2017) (SIXTEENTH LOK SABHA) MINISTRY OF DEFENCE DEMANDS FOR GRANTS (2017-18) ORDNANCE FACTORIES, DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION, DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF QUALITY ASSURANCE AND NATIONAL CADET CORPS (DEMAND NO. 20) THIRTIETH REPORT LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI March, 2017 / Phalguna, 1938 (Saka) THIRTIETH REPORT STANDING COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE (2016-2017) (SIXTEENTH LOK SABHA) MINISTRY OF DEFENCE DEMANDS FOR GRANTS (2017-18) ORDNANCE FACTORIES, DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION, DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF QUALITY ASSURANCE AND NATIONAL CADET CORPS (DEMAND NO. 20) Presented to Lok Sabha on 09 .03.2017 Laid in Rajya Sabha on .03.2017 LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI March, 2017 / Phalguna, 1938 (Saka) CONTENTS PAGE COMPOSITION OF THE COMMITTEE (2016-17)………………………………….(iii) INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………….(v) REPORT PART I Chapter I Ordnance Factories Board .......................................................... Chapter II Defence Research and Development Organisation.................. Chapter III Directorate General of Quality Assurance................................. Chapter IV National Cadet Corps................................................................ PART II Observations/Recommendations....................................................................... APPENDICES Minutes of the Sitting of the Standing Committee on Defence (2016-17) held on 22.02.2017, 23.02.2017 and 03.03.2017………………………………………… COMPOSITION OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE ( 2016-17 ) Maj Gen B C Khanduri, AVSM (Retd) - Chairperson Lok Sabha 2. Shri Dipak Adhikari (Dev) 3. Shri Suresh C Angadi 4. Shri Shrirang Appa Barne 5. Shri Thupstan Chhewang 6. Col Sonaram Choudhary(Retd) 7. Shri H D Devegowda 8. Shri Sher Singh Ghubaya 9.* Shri B. Senguttuvan 10. Dr Murli Manohar Joshi 11. Km Shobha Karandlaje 12. Shri Vinod Khanna 13. Dr Mriganka Mahato 14. Shri Rodmal Nagar 15. Shri A P Jithender Reddy 16.
    [Show full text]
  • SP's Land Forces February-March 2012
    <] ^] f[ ] 100.00 > H IN February-March Volume No R ` (India-based Buyer Only) j 2012 9 1 g [m g[ TH =n k mj IS ]f gf ]e E lk A ] D f\ f IT J] aY lH IO ^] k g N j A da[ ]f fl a] [] ] k % jf K Yd H h] K jg [a ][ [] Yd mj \m Af alq j k] ]k jl SP’s AN SP GUIDE PUBLICATION Towards a safer India. 20112011 40TH ISSUEI 20122012 Editor-in-ChiefEdiitor-in-Chief JayantJJayant BaranwalBaarannwwal WWW.SPSLANDFORCES.NET ROUNDUP IN THIS ISSUE The ONLY journal in Asia dedicated to Land Forces PAGE 4 >> COVER STORY Wide-ranging Vehicles for Diverse Roles Armour in Future Conflicts PHOTOGRAPH : PIB Currently, the Indian Army is looking for multi- purpose vehicles (MPVs), light bullet proof vehicles (Lt BPVs), light strike vehicles (LSVs) for the infantry battalions for its various roles in external and internal security duties and reconnaissance vehicles for the armoured and mechanised units and NBC units Lt General (Retd) V.K. Kapoor PAGE 8 Indian Army Modernisation – An Introspection The facade of the yearly refined DPP over the years has done little to accelerate mod - ernisation. The gap between the Indian Army and the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) is widening alarmingly in favour of the latter. Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch PAGE 10 Indigenous Strategic and Tactical Missiles T-72 (FWMP) passes through the Rajpath during the 60th Republic Day parade AFVs will endure the changes in the nature of future wars. However, they must not be seen in isolation as stand-alone weapon systems, but as part of an all The Agni missile programme is a family of arms group enabling and sustaining decisive manoeuvre and high intensity MRBM to ICBM ballistic missile systems battle at close quarters through superior survivability against precision attacks developed by DRDO under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme.
    [Show full text]
  • For Official Use Only for Official Use Only
    FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY India Country Handbook This handbook provides basic reference information on India, including its geogra- phy, history, government, military forces, and communications and transportation networks. This information is intended to familiarize military per sonnel with local customs and area knowledge to assist them during their assignment to India. The Marine Corps Intel ligence Activity is the community coordinator for the Country Hand book Program. This product reflects the coordinated U.S. Defense Intelligence Community position on India. Dissemination and use of this publication is restricted to official military and government personnel from the United States of America, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and other countries as required and designated for support of coalition operations. The photos and text reproduced herein have been extracted solely for research, comment, and information reporting, and are intended for fair use by designated personnel in their official duties, including local reproduction for training. Further dissemination of copyrighted material contained in this docu ment, to include excerpts and graphics, is strictly prohibited under Title 17, U.S. Code. Published: January 2012 Prepared by: Marine Corps Intelligence Activity 2033 Barnett Avenue Quantico, VA 22134-5103 Comments and Suggestions: [email protected] DOD-2630-IND-003-12 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY CONTENTS KEY FACTS .................................................................... 1 U.S. MISSION ................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Download (5.27
    ANNUAL REPORT 2002-2003 MiG-29 Trainer CCONTENTS ...................................................... 1. Security Environment .............................................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Organisation and Functions of the Ministry of Defence ....................................................................................................... 11 3. Indian Army ........................................................................................................................................................................... 18 4. Indian Navy ............................................................................................................................................................................ 25 5. Indian Air Force ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 6. Coast Guard .......................................................................................................................................................................... 35 7. Defence Production and Supplies ......................................................................................................................................... 40 8. Defence Research and Development ................................................................................................................................... 57 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Ministry of Defence Annual Report 2002
    ANNUAL REPORT 2002-2003 MiG-29 Trainer CCONTENTS ...................................................... 1. Security Environment .............................................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Organisation and Functions of the Ministry of Defence ....................................................................................................... 11 3. Indian Army ........................................................................................................................................................................... 18 4. Indian Navy ............................................................................................................................................................................ 25 5. Indian Air Force ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 6. Coast Guard .......................................................................................................................................................................... 35 7. Defence Production and Supplies ......................................................................................................................................... 40 8. Defence Research and Development ................................................................................................................................... 57 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Ministry of Defence Annual Report 2006
    ANNUAL REPORT 2006–2007 Ministry of Defence Government of India CONTENTS 1. The Security Environment 1 2. Organisation and Functions of the Ministry of Defence 11 3. Indian Army 17 4. Indian Navy 27 5. Indian Air Force 35 6. Coast Guard 41 7. Defence Production 45 8. Defence Research and Development 65 9. Inter-Service Organisations 87 10. Recruitment and training 99 11. Resettlement and welfare of ex-servicemen 117 12. Cooperation between the armed forces and civil authorities 133 13. National Cadet Corps 141 14. Defence Cooperation with Foreign Countries 151 15. Ceremonial and other Activities 157 16. Activities of Vigilance Units 169 17. Empowerment and Welfare of Women 173 Appendix I. Matters Dealt by the Departments of the Ministry of Defence 179 II. Ministers, Chiefs of Staff and Secretaries 183 who were in Position from April 1, 2006 onwards III. Summary of Latest Comptroller & Auditor General 184 (C&AG) Report on the Working of Ministry of Defence 1 THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT Army soldiers guarding the icy frontiers in Siachen 1 ndia shares land borders with seven countries - I including Bangladesh (4096 kms), China (3439 kms), Pakistan (3325 kms) and Myanmar (1643 kms) - and maritime borders with five countries. 1.1 India’s national security environment is Armed Forces are now playing a pivotal role in determined by a complex interplay of its creating stable conditions for the nation’s geographical attributes, historical legacy, and economic development. With its economy socio-economic circumstances as well as regional growing at over 8% per annum last year and set and global developments.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Vi: Project Management in Vehicle Research and Development Establishment
    Report No.35 of 2014 (Defence Services) CHAPTER VI: PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN VEHICLE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ESTABLISHMENT 6. Project Management in Vehicle Research and Development Establishment, Ahmednagar and Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment, Avadi Staff projects taken up for delivery of products required by Defence Forces during the period April 1998 to March 2013 met with varying success. Two Staff projects were closed at CVRDE during April 1998 to March 2013 out of which one project was undergoing Transfer of Technology but was yet to be productionised. In another project though the system developed was accepted by the user, yet the project could not be productionised due to imposition of ban on the foreign vendor. At VRDE, of the nine closed projects during April 1998 to March 2013 only one underwent productionisation. Another project though stated to have been successfully completed by VRDE, yet the details of acceptance by the user leading to induction into Service could not be produced by the lab. Third project partly achieved the project requirement and the remaining six projects could not achieve success in terms of acceptance by the users. Initiation of projects without firm General Staff Qualitative Requirement, failure of the laboratory to develop the desired deliverables and defective planning were the main reasons for failure. The status of Technology Demonstration projects undertaken by the two labs was also not encouraging as 36 out of 51 closed projects did not lead to the utilisation of such technology in Staff projects. 6.1 Introduction Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is the prime and largest government organization engaged in Research and Development (R&D) for the Defence Services viz., Army, Navy and Air force.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2004-05
    ANNUAL REPORT 2004-05 lR;eso t;rs Ministry of Defence Government of India Front Cover : BRAHMOS Supersonic Cruise Missile being launched from a Naval war ship. Back Cover: The aerobatic team of the Indian Air Force the Suryakirans demonstrating its awesome aerobatic skills. CONTENTS 1. The Security Environment 5 2. Organisation and Functions of the Ministry of Defence 17 3. Indian Army 25 4. Indian Navy 45 5. Indian Air Force 55 6. Coast Guard 61 7. Defence Production 69 8. Defence Research and Development 97 9. Inter-Service Organisations 115 10. Recruitment and training 131 11. Resettlement and welfare of ex-servicemen 159 12. Cooperation between the armed forces and civil authorities 177 13. National Cadet Corps 185 14. Defence Relations with Foreign Countries 197 15. Ceremonial, Academic and Adventure Activities 203 16. Activities of Vigilance Units 215 17. Empowerment and Welfare of Women 219 Appendix I. Matters Dealt by the Departments of the Ministry of Defence 227 II. Ministers, Chiefs of Staff and Secretaries 232 who were in Position from April 1, 2004 Onwards III. Summary of Latest Comptroller & Auditor General 233 (C&AG) Report on the Working of Ministry of Defence 1 THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT Su-30 5 THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT is bordered by the Arabian Sea, the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal. 1.1 Connected by land to west, India is thus a maritime as well as central, continental, and south-east continental entity. This geographical Asia, and by sea, to the littoral states and topographical diversity, espe- of the Indian Ocean from East Africa cially on its borders, also poses to the Indonesian archipelago, India unique challenges to our Armed is strategically located vis-à-vis both Forces.
    [Show full text]