ANNUAL REPORT 2004-05

lR;eso t;rs

Ministry of Defence Government of India Front Cover : ‘BRAHMOS’ Supersonic Cruise Missile being launched from a Naval war ship.

Back Cover: The aerobatic team of the Indian Air Force – the Suryakirans demonstrating its awesome aerobatic skills. CONTENTS

1. The Security Environment 5

2. Organisation and Functions of the Ministry of Defence 17

3. Indian Army 25

4. Indian Navy 45

5. Indian Air Force 55

6. Coast Guard 61

7. Defence Production 69

8. Defence Research and Development 97

9. Inter-Service Organisations 115

10. Recruitment and training 131

11. Resettlement and welfare of ex-servicemen 159

12. Cooperation between the armed forces and civil authorities 177

13. National Cadet Corps 185

14. Defence Relations with Foreign Countries 197

15. Ceremonial, Academic and Adventure Activities 203

16. Activities of Vigilance Units 215

17. Empowerment and Welfare of Women 219

Appendix

I. Matters Dealt by the Departments of the Ministry of Defence 227

II. Ministers, Chiefs of Staff and Secretaries 232 who were in Position from April 1, 2004 Onwards

III. Summary of Latest Comptroller & Auditor General 233 (C&AG) Report on the Working of Ministry of Defence

1

THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT

Su-30

5 THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT is bordered by the Arabian Sea, the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal. 1.1 Connected by land to west, India is thus a maritime as well as central, continental, and south-east continental entity. This geographical Asia, and by sea, to the littoral states and topographical diversity, espe- of the Indian Ocean from East Africa cially on its borders, also poses to the Indonesian archipelago, India unique challenges to our Armed is strategically located vis-à-vis both Forces. continental Asia as well as the Indian Ocean Region. It has a landmass of 1.3 India’s land frontiers extend 3.3 million sq. kms. and is home to across more than 15,500 kms shar- over a billion people with varying ing borders with seven neighbours ethnic, linguistic, religious and cul- namely Afghanistan, Pakistan, tural backgrounds. Bangladesh, Myanmar, China, Bhutan and Nepal. Most of them do 1.2 The topography of India is not share borders amongst them- diverse, ranging from the snow clad selves, heightening the focus of their Himalayas with peaks over 28,000 relations with their larger common feet to deserts, thick jungles and vast neighbour. plains. The Siachen Glacier in the North is the world’s highest battle- 1.4 India’s peninsular shape pro- field with posts located as high as vides India a coastline of about 7,600 21,000 feet. India’s western border kms and an Exclusive Economic runs through deserts, fertile plains Zone of over 2 million sq. kms. The and thickly forested mountains. The island territories of the Andamans North-Eastern frontier also comprises and Nicobar in the East are 1,300 steep, high ranges and dense tropi- kms. away from the mainland, physi- cal forests. To the South, there are cally much closer to South-East Asia. ranges close to the sea, inland pla- Peninsular India is adjacent to one of teaus interspersed with river valleys, the most vital sea-lanes of the world, coastal plains, and far flung island stretching from the Suez Canal and territories such as the Lakshadweep the Persian Gulf to the Straits of to the west and the Andaman and Malacca through which 55,000 ships Nicobar Islands to the East. On three and much of the oil from the Gulf sides, from Gujarat to West Bengal, it region transit each year. The seas 6 surrounding India have been a the- the menace of terrorism and traffick- atre of super power rivalry in the ing in, and proliferation of, arms and past, and continue to be a region of drugs. In the midst of this, India heightened activity from and by stands as a bulwark against funda- extra-regional navies on account of mentalism and extremism, a centre topical security concerns. of economic gravity, a beacon of democracy (despite challenges of 1.5 Historically, India with its long, human diversity and economic layered and textured history stretch- disparity), a bastion of stability and a ing back close to 5,000 years, is one symbol of peaceful coexistence and of the major sources of civilization non-violence. An appreciation of having received, and radiated, influ- India’s security concerns and its ences from and to West and Central security is thus critical to regional Asia, China, Mongolia and East Asia, and global stability and security. South-East Asia, the Gulf and East Africa. Today, politically, South Asia 1.6 India’s size, strategic location, hosts a diversity of political experi- trade links and Exclusive Economic ences and experiments ranging from Zone (EEZ), and its security environ- monarchies and military dictator- ment link India’s security directly with ships to nascent and established its extended neighbourhood, particu- democracies. The region also faces larly neighbouring countries and the

The fencing along the Line of Control helps check infiltration

7 regions of Central Asia, South-East China’s rapid modernization elicited Asia, the Gulf and the Indian Ocean. both awe and nervousness in some India’s location at the base of conti- quarters. The global dependency on nental Asia and the top of the Indian the energy resources of the Gulf was Ocean gives it a vantage point in underlined by the steep hike in oil relation to both Central Asia and the prices intensifying efforts to seek Indian Ocean Region. access and control of the region and The Security Environment for alternative sources of energy, notably in Central Asia. The Revolu- 1.7 At its widest level, with some tion in Military Affairs (RMA) contin- variations for better or worse, India’s ued to drive military reform, restruc- strategic environment remained turing and modernization amongst largely unchanged from those identi- the major world powers. While elec- fied in the Annual Report of the tions in Iraq and the Palestine, and Ministry of Defence, last year. The the Israeli pullout from the Gaza Strip post Cold War, post 9/11 concerns opened prospects for the return of regarding the challenges posed by peace in the Gulf and West Asia, it is terrorism and the proliferation of still too early to predict a positive weapons of mass destruction re- outcome. Strains over Iran’s nuclear mained central to the international intentions and the reactions of the security agenda and at the bottom of international community to it, could India’s primary and most general have a destabilizing impact on the security concerns. Many of the region. By the end of the year, there trends in international relations and were also signs that new strategic military affairs identified in last year’s alignments, and a growing apprecia- report remain valid. The US retained tion of India’s economic growth and its position as the pre-eminent world potential, military experience and power though the nascent challenge success as a democracy had in- posed by a fast growing and mod- duced major powers to begin to ernizing China was too strong to be redefine their relations with India and ignored. The European Union contin- opened fresh prospects for India. ued its process of enlargement and consolidation. Relations between 1.8 India’s immediate security major powers remained stable concerns also remained basically the though historical strains between same though tempered by positive Japan and China were beginning to developments with its two largest reappear in East Asia. Russia contin- neighbours. Internal instability, au- ued trying to deepen its ties with the thoritarian and/or military rule, ex- US, Europe, China and Central Asia tremist political or religious move- for its security and economic revival. ments, weak state structures, and 8 insurgencies and internal or ethnic ary in the area in February 2005; and conflicts continued to characterize talks between Defence Secretaries of many of the countries of the region. India and Pakistan, on the Siachen Despite the operations against the Al issue. The second round of the Qaeda and Taliban elements on the Dialogue commenced in December Pak-Afghan border, the principal 2004. High-level contacts provided threats to peace and stability in the the momentum. Prime Minister met region remains the combination of President Musharraf on the sidelines fundamentalism and terrorism nur- of the United Nations General tured in madarssas and training Assembly in September 2004 where camps in the area, and the danger of PM reiterated the importance of the proliferation of weapons of mass fulfillment of President Musharraf’s destruction and access to them by reassurance on terrorism. The fundamentalists and terrorists. Pakistan PM visited India as Chairperson of the SAARC in 1.9 Building on the November 2003 November 2004. cease-fire along the International Border (IB), Line of Control (LoC) 1.10 At the level of the Armed and the Actual Ground Position Line Forces, a number of confidence- (AGPL) between India and Pakistan building measures (CBMs) were in J&K, and the unconditional com- exchanged. Meetings on nuclear and mitment given by President conventional CBMs were held in Musharraf on January 6, 2004 not to which understandings were reached permit any territory under Pakistan’s on upgrading the link between the control to be used to support terror- Directors General of Military Opera- ism in any manner, a number of tions (DGMOs) of the two countries. initiatives were taken during the year India proposed, inter alia, an agree- to ease tensions, normalize and ment on peace and tranquility along improve relations between India and the LoC, new communication links at Pakistan. At the level of the Govern- Divisions/Corps Commanders level, ment, the Composite Dialogue was annual meetings at the level of Vice- initiated with the resumption of For- Chiefs of Army Staff, and exchanges eign Secretary level talks in June between the Armed Forces-related 2004. The first round concluded in academic institutions, National De- September 2004 included the Armed fence Colleges, etc. In December Forces in the talks in Delhi between 2004, the Foreign Secretaries agreed the two countries on the Sir Creek to promote regular contacts at local issue followed by a joint survey of levels at designated places and the boundary pillars in the horizontal explore further CBMs along the IB segment of the international bound- and the LoC. It was decided during

9 External Affairs Minister’s (EAM’s) authorities. There was no evidence of visit to Pakistan in February 15-17, any significant Pakistani effort to 2005, that agreements would be dismantle the infrastructure of terror- concluded in the coming months on ism, such as communications, the pre-notification of missile tests, launching pads, and training camps and the establishment of communi- on its eastern borders with India cations links between the Indian comparable to Pakistan’s operations Coast Guard and the Pakistan Mari- for the war against terrorism on its time Security Agency. It was also western borders with Afghanistan. decided that discussions would The acquisition of sophisticated begin on agreements on Preventing weapons and platforms like the F- Incidents at Sea, and Reducing the 16s, P3C Orion maritime surveillance Risk of Nuclear Accidents or Unau- aircraft etc. that have nothing to do thorized Use of Nuclear Weapons. with the war against terrorism on the other hand, casts doubts on 1.11 Major steps were taken during Pakistan’s real intention in joining the the year to step up people-to-people war against terrorism and could contacts. Agreement was reached complicate prospects for lasting during EAM’s, visit to Pakistan in peace in the region. India will have to February, 2005 to start bus services guard against its implications on the between Srinagar and Muzaffarabad balance of military power in the (which commenced on April 7, 2005) region. and between Amritsar and Lahore, 1.13 Developments in Afghanistan including to religious places such as have a direct bearing on peace and Nankana Sahib. Pakistan also security in the region. The holding of agreed to work on the early restora- the Constitutional Loya Jirgah, tion of the Khokrapar-Munabao rail adoption of a new Constitution and link. The visa regime for Pakistani the successful conduct of the Presi- nationals was unilaterally liberalized. dential elections in Afghanistan in 1.12 While the year ended on a October 2004 with the strong sup- hopeful note on India-Pakistan rela- port of the international community, tions, it could not be said that there were milestones in the Bonn pro- was an end to cross-border terrorism cess, though there has been a in J&K. While there was some de- slippage in the holding of the parlia- cline in the level of infiltration, this mentary elections. Though the task was more on account of measures of reconstruction and rebuilding on the part of the Indian Armed institutions is progressing and the Forces than any discernible change situation in Afghanistan is stabiliz- of heart, or action, by the Pakistani ing, threats to internal security

10 posed by remnants of the Taliban north-east of India detected in and other like-minded, fundamental- Chittagong in April 2004. ist groups continue to pose a chal- 1.15 The dismissal of the multi- lenge to the Afghan Government party Government, imposition of and cause concern further afield emergency, arrest of political lead- including India. India has committed ers and others and imposition of US $ 500 million over the period media censorship by the King on 2002-2008 for economic reconstruc- February 1, 2005 has resulted in a tion in virtually every province in Afghanistan, and almost every further deterioration in the political sector, including 300 military use and security situation in Nepal. It vehicles for the Afghan National has alienated the political parties, Army, in its effort to contribute to isolated the King, and ranged the peace, stability and reconstruction palace and Royal Nepalese Army in Afghanistan. against political parties besides the Maoists. India and other countries 1.14 Within the sub-continent, de- have deplored these developments spite good and close relations with which have made efforts for recon- most of its other immediate ciliation between the two pillars for neighbours, lesser security problems stability in Nepal, namely political continue to complicate relationships. parties representing multi-party Bangladesh has remained indifferent democracy and constitutional to the rising influence of political monarchy, more complicated. It has parties and organizations of funda- always been our considered view mentalist and radical Islamist orienta- that the problems facing Nepal, tion in Bangladeshi society and particularly the Maoist insurgency government. It has been insensitive can be addressed effectively only and unresponsive to India’s con- through a national consensus cerns regarding the presence and between the constitutional forces. activities of Indian insurgent groups India is of the view that there can from the North-East and the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) on be no purely military solution to the Bangladesh soil, large-scale illegal Maoist insurgency. India has, over immigration, and the criminalization the years, cooperated with Nepal in of the border. Political violence and addressing its security require- assassinations against internal politi- ments. The Maoist grip over the cal opponents have risen alarmingly, country-side, particularly in the and gone unpunished. There is still Terai area bordering India, their no explanation for the large cache of links with left extremist outfits in arms and ammunition bound for the parts of India, and the possible

11 Marine Commando slithering down from a Sea-King Helicopter onboard INS Viraat expansion of their influence, remain Tsunami. There are indications that causes of serious concern for India. the LTTE continued to strengthen 1.16 Bhutan continues to display itself militarily although it suffered exemplary good-neighbourliness in losses, along with the Sri Lankan preventing the return of insurgent defence forces, on account of the groups that had set up military Tsunami. India remains committed camps and bases of operations to the unity, integrity and sover- within its territory. Myanmar too eignty of Sri Lanka and to a compre- cooperated in undertaking coordi- hensive, negotiated settlement nated operations against Indian acceptable to all communities of Sri insurgent groups in the north-east Lanka, and reflecting the pluralistic that take refuge or operate from nature of Sri Lankan society, within camps in Myanmar. the framework of a united Sri Lanka 1.17 In Sri Lanka, the suspension of and consistent with democracy and the talks between the LTTE and the respect for human rights. India Government continued though the assisted the Sri Lankan Armed cease-fire remained in force. There Forces in meeting some of its train- was some limited cooperation be- ing requirements, cooperated in tween the Government and the LTTE enhancing maritime security and on the post December 26, 2004 responding to Sri Lanka’s urgent

12 needs of rescue, relief and rehabili- Jiabao in April 2005, the two coun- tation after the December 26, 2004 tries agreed that the relations have Tsunami. now acquired a strategic character, and established an India-China 1.18 China pursued its rapid mod- ‘Strategic and Cooperative Partner- ernization, including military modern- ship for Peace and Prosperity.) ization, while seeking peaceful rela- Defence exchanges too gained tions with its neighbours in order to momentum during the year reflected consolidate itself politically and in the visit of the Chief of Army Staff economically internally and build up of India to China in December 2004 its ‘Comprehensive National and participation, for the first time, of Strength’. India and China continued an Indian delegation in a PLA military to maintain peace and tranquillity in exercise held in Henan province in their border areas and build mutual September 2004. China’s close trust and confidence, including defence relationship with and military between their armed forces; and stepped up efforts to address differ- assistance to Pakistan continued. We ences on the boundary question will also continue to monitor develop- through discussions between the ment of military infrastructure by Special Representatives who are China in India-China border areas tasked to explore a framework of a and its military modernization, includ- boundary settlement from the politi- ing in the maritime sector. cal perspective of the overall bilateral 1.20 The Gulf region forms part of relationship. Five rounds of talks our strategic neighbourhood, an between the Special Representatives important source of energy, and have been held so far. (The last at home to over 3.5 million Indians. It is New Delhi in April 2005. On April 11, a major trading partner. Its stability, the Special Representatives of the security and prosperity is important two countries signed the Agreement to India. Parts of the region, including on the Political Parameters and Iraq, are affected by Islamic radical- Guiding Principles for the Settlement ism and terrorism. Efforts are being of the India-China Boundary Ques- made by the region’s governments tion.) to contain it. The elections in Iraq in 1.19 India-China relations have January 2005 have generated hopes entered a phase of comprehensive for peace and development and all-round development supported by have hopefully set in motion a pro- high-level exchanges and dialogue. cess that would lead to the Iraqi (During the visit of Premier, Wen people taking full control of their 13 destiny. Efforts by fundamentalist extremism motivated by a dissatis- outfits to destabilize Central Asia also faction with the prevailing socio- continue. In addition, Central Asia economic order which it desires to attracts extra-regional attention and overthrow through armed revolution competition because of its location and guerrilla activities; (iii) communal and energy assets. India’s rapid conflict, fomented by religious funda- economic integration with the Asia- mentalism; and (iv) caste conflicts Pacific underpins a common interest including attacks against Scheduled with South-East and East Asia in the Castes and Tribes. These threats security of shipping and energy flows posed a grave challenge to the unity from the Western Indian Ocean to and development of India as a na- the Asia-Pacific. India and South- tion-state and impinge on our na- East Asia also have a vital interest in tional security. preserving the traditions of peaceful Position on Weapons of Mass co-existence amongst their diverse Destruction religious communities against the intrusion of dogmatic, alien, funda- 1.23 India remains a firm and consis- mentalist and extremist religious tent proponent of global nuclear tendencies. disarmament based on the principles of non-discrimination, universal 1.21 At the regional level, India has acceptability and effective compli- purposefully pursued dialogue and ance. Faced with an untenable confidence-building and trust nuclear environment, India was through cooperative security struc- tures like the ASEAN Regional Forum forced to resort to the nuclear option (ARF) and the Conference on Inter- in 1998. As a nuclear state, India is action and Confidence-Building even more conscious of its responsi- Measures in Asia (CICA) at Almaty, bility in regard to nuclear safety, non- Kazakhstan in October 2004. proliferation and nuclear disarma- Internal Threats to Security ment. India is an active participant in the global debate on nuclear disar- 1.22 In addition to these external mament and the elimination of weap- threats and challenges, India also ons of mass destruction. India’s faces internal threats from (i) insur- nuclear doctrine is based on the gency inspired by ethnic and tribal principle of a minimum credible identities and a desire to achieve deterrent and no-first-use as op- some kind of autonomy from the posed to doctrines or postures of Centre; (ii) left-wing radicalism and launch-on-warning. It is an original

14 State Party to the Chemical Weapons tion (the Ottawa Convention) held at Convention and is committed to Nairobi, Kenya in November-Decem- participating constructively in interna- ber 2004. tional efforts to strengthen norms Conclusion against biological weapons and toxins enshrined in Biological and 1.24 India’s response to these mul- Toxicological Weapons Convention tiple threats and challenges has (BTWC). It is also a Party to the always been restrained, measured Convention on Certain Chemical and moderate, consistent with its Weapons (CCW) and has ratified all peaceful outlook and reputation as a its Protocols including the Amended peace-loving country. Diplomacy Protocol II which restricts the use of remains India’s chosen means of anti-personnel mines. India also dealing with these challenges, but participated as an observer in the effective diplomacy has to be backed First Review Conference of States by credible military power. India’s Parties to the Convention on the strategic and security interests re- Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, quire a mix of land-based, maritime Production and Transfer of Anti- and air capabilities, and a minimum personnel Mines and their Destruc- credible deterrent to thwart the threat

Brahmos Supersonic Cruise Missile on display

15 of use of nuclear weapons against it. from the Cold War era. India remains Its force postures remain defensive in fully committed to maintaining peace orientation while its nuclear policy is with its neighbours and stability in characterized by a commitment to the region through a combination of no-first-use, moratorium on nuclear defence-preparedness, unilateral testing, minimum credible nuclear restraint, confidence building and deterrence, and the rejection of an dialogue, and expanding bilateral arms race or concepts and postures interactions.

16 2

ORGANISATION AND fUNCTIONS OF THE mINISTRY OF dEFENCE

Independence Day Celebrations

17 ORGANISATION AND fUNCTIONS OF THE mINISTRY OF dEFENCE

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 2.3 The supreme authority over the Indian Army vested in the Governor 2.1 A Military Department was General-in-Council, subject to the created in the Government of the Control of the Crown, which was East India Company at Calcutta in exercised by the Secretary of State for the year 1776, having the main India. Two Members in the Council function to sift and record orders were responsible for military affairs, relating to the Army issued by vari- one of whom was the Military Mem- ous Departments of the Government ber, who supervised all administrative of the East India Company. The and financial matters, while the other Military Department initially func- was the Commander-in-Chief who tioned as a branch of the Public was responsible for all operational Department and maintained a list of matters. The Military Department was Army personnel. abolished in March 1906 and it was replaced by two separate Depart- 2.2 With the Charter Act of 1833, ments, the Army Department and the the Secretariat of the Government of Military Supply Department. In April East India Company was 1909 the Military Supply Department reorganised into four Departments, was abolished and its functions were including a Military Department, each taken over by the Army Department. headed by a Secretary to the Gov- The Army Department was redesig- ernment. The Army in the Presiden- nated as the Defence Department in cies of Bengal, Bombay & Madras January 1938. The Department of functioned as respective Presidency Defence became the Ministry of Army till April 1895, when the Presi- Defence under a Cabinet Minister in dency Armies were unified into a August 1947. single Indian Army. For administra- POST-INDEPENDENCE tive convenience, it was divided into ORGANISATIONAL SET-UP AND four Commands viz., Punjab (includ- FUNCTIONS ing the North West Frontier), Bengal, Madras (including Burma) and 2.4 On August 15, 1947, each Bombay (including Sind, Quetta and Service was placed under its own Aden). Commander-in-Chief. Under the

18 Constitution, the Supreme Com- DEPARTMENTS mand of the Armed Forces vests in 2.6 The principal task of the Minis- the President. In 1955, the title of try is to obtain policy directions of Commander-in-Chief was abolished the Government on all defence and and the three Service Chiefs were designated as the Chief of the Army security related matters and com- Staff, the Chief of the Naval Staff municate them for implementation and the Chief of the Air Staff re- to the Services Headquarters, Inter- spectively. In November 1962, a Service Organisations, Production Department of Defence Production Establishments and Research & was set up to deal with research, Development Organisations. It is development and production of also required to ensure effective defence equipment. In November implementation of the Government’s 1965, the Department of Defence policy directions and the execution Supplies was created for planning of approved programmes within the and execution of schemes for allocated resources. import substitution of requirements 2.7 The Ministry of Defence now for defence purposes. These two consists of four Departments, Departments were later merged to namely, Department of Defence, form the Department of Defence Department of Defence Production, Production and Supplies. A Scien- Department of Defence Research tific Adviser to the Defence Minister and Development and Department of was appointed to advise him on scientific aspects of military equip- Ex-Servicemen Welfare. The De- ment, research and design of fence Secretary functions as head of equipment used by the Defence the Department of Defence and is forces. In 1980, the Department of additionally responsible for co- Defence Research and Develop- ordinating the activities of the four ment was created. Further, the Departments in the Ministry. The Department of Ex-Servicemen principal functions of all the Depart- Welfare was created in 2004. ments are as follows:

2.5 The Armed Forces are primarily (i) The Department of Defence responsible for ensuring the territorial deals with the Integrated De- integrity of the nation. The Ministry fence Staff (IDS) and three of Defence, provides policy frame- Services and various Inter- work and wherewithal to the Armed Service Organisations. It is also Forces to discharge their responsibil- responsible for the Defence ity in the context of the defence of Budget, establishment matters, the country. defence policy, matters relating

19 to Parliament, defence co- trol over proposals involving expen- operation with foreign countries diture from the Defence Budget and and co-ordination of all activi- is responsible for internal audit and ties. accounting of defence expenditure. In the latter tasks, he is assisted by (ii) The Department of Defence the Controller General of Defence Production is headed by a Accounts (CGDA). A list of items Secretary and deals with mat- dealt with by the Departments in ters pertaining to defence production, indigenisation of the Ministry of Defence is given in imported stores, equipment and Appendix-I to this report. spares, planning and control of 2.9 The three Services Headquar- departmental production units ters, viz., the Army Headquarters, of the Ordnance Factory Board the Naval Headquarters and the Air and Defence Public Sector Headquarters function, under the Undertakings (DPSUs). Chief of the Army Staff (COAS), the (iii) The Department of Defence Chief of the Naval Staff (CNS) and Research and Development is the Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) headed by a Secretary, who is respectively. They are assisted by also the Scientific Adviser to the their Principal Staff Officers Raksha Mantri. Its function is to (PSOs). The Inter-Services advise the Government on Organisations, under the Depart- scientific aspects of military ment of Defence are responsible equipment and logistics and for carrying out tasks related to the formulation of research, common needs of the three Ser- design and development plans vices such as medical care, public for equipment required by the relations and personnel manage- Services. ment of civilian staff in the Defence Headquarters. (iv) The Department of Ex-Service- men Welfare is headed by an 2.10 A number of Committees Additional Secretary and deals dealing with defence related activi- with all resettlement, welfare ties assist the Raksha Mantri. The and pensionary matters of Ex- Chiefs of Staff Committee is a Servicemen. forum in which the Service Chiefs discuss matters having a bearing 2.8 The Finance Division of the on the activities of the Services and Ministry of Defence is headed by advise the Ministry. The position of Secretary Defence (Finance). The Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Secretary exercises financial con- Committee devolves on the longest 20 serving Chief of Staff, and conse- Ministry of Defence and delegation of quently rotates amongst the three higher administrative and financial Services. To facilitate the work of powers to the Services. the Chiefs of Staff Committee, a 2.13 The Government approved the number of sub-committees have recommendations made in the report been established. relating to Management of Defence 2.11 Information regarding the with the modification that a view on Ministers in the Ministry of Defence, the recommendations relating to the the Chiefs of Staff, the Secretaries in institution of Chief of Defence Staff the three Departments of the Ministry (CDS) would be taken after consulta- and the Secretary Defence (Finance) tions with various political parties. who held positions from April 1, 2004 Accordingly, Integrated Defence Staff, Defence Intelligence Agency, onwards is given in Appendix-II to Defence Acquisition Council, De- this report. fence Technology Council, Andaman REFORMS IN MANAGEMENT OF and Nicobar Command, Strategic DEFENCE Forces Command etc. have been established. Various administrative 2.12 Keeping in view the broad array and financial powers have also been of challenges to the national security in delegated to the Integrated Service the fast changing geo-strategic secu- Headquarters to impart enhanced rity environment, the Government had autonomy in their functioning. These instituted a comprehensive review of reforms have brought about improve- the National Security System by a ments in the organisations, struc- Group of Ministers (GOM) constituted tures and processes for the integra- on April 17, 2000. The recommenda- tion of civil and military components tions of the GOM included, amongst and have made the defence set-up others, measures such as creation of more capable to meet any kind of the Chief of Defence Staff(CDS), challenge to the national security. creation of a Defence Procurement DEFENCE EXPENDITURE Board, a Defence Production Board, a Defence Research and Development 2.14 The two charts in this chapter Board, preparation of holistic and represent Service/Department-wise integrated Defence Perspective Plans break-up of Defence expenditure for for 15-20 years, establishment of a the years 2002-2003, 2003-2004, National Defence University, effective Revised Estimates for 2004-2005 and media management, establishment of Budget Estimates for the year 2005- Andaman and Nicobar Command and 2006 and Service/ Department-wise Strategic Forces Command, integra- expenditure as a percentage of total tion of Service Headquarters with the Defence expenditure. 21 Service/Department-Wise Break-Up of Defence Expenditure

(Rs. in crores) Service/Deptt 2002-2003 2003-2004 R.E. B.E. 2004-2005 2005-2006 Army 32127.78 33199.98 35888.52 40288.32 Navy 8155.32 10109.35 13327.50 15253.00 Air Force 12385.26 13187.02 23783.82 21808.76 DDP DGOF (-)388.89 (-)210.58 (-)158.78 (-)127.94 DGQA 374.25 336.85 411.82 421.52 Total (-)14.64 126.27 253.04 293.58 DR&D 3008.11 3443.18 3747.12 5356.34 Total 55661.83 60065.80 77000.00 83000.00

22 23 2.15 Observations of C&AG on the Auditor General (C&AG) on the working of Ministry of Defence: working of the Ministry of Defence is Summary of latest Comptroller & given in Appendix-III to this report.

24 3

INDIAN ARMY

T-90 Tank on Display

25 INDIAN ARMY

3.1 The primary responsibility of the disturbances. Result oriented efforts Army is to defend the country against are being made to make the Army external aggression and to safeguard suitably structured, equipped, its territorial integrity. The enormity modernised and trained to meet of the task can be gauged from the these enormous challenges. prevalent geo-political, social and MODERNISATION OF WEAPONS strategic environment. Since incep- AND EQUIPMENT tion, the Indian Army has been ex- tremely vigilant at all times to meet 3.2 During the year, continued the challenges not only arising along efforts were made to modernize and the country’s long borders encom- upgrade the weapons and weapon passing different geographical and systems of the Army, to prepare it to climatic conditions but also at the address the requirements of modern time of natural calamities and internal day warfare and enhance its combat

Mounted ZU 23 MM Twin Gun on display

26 efficiency. The notable efforts made altitude areas and remote are indicated in the succeeding locations. paragraphs: (iii) Infantry: The combat potential, (i) Mechanised Forces: The surveillance and counter-insur- difficulties faced by our gency capabilities of Infantry Mechanised forces to operate are being comprehensively by night has been addressed transformed through a quantum on priority by procurement of enhancement of their surveil- Thermal Imaging/Image Intensi- lance, fire power, protection, fication based Sights. The night vision capability, commu- nication and mobility require- armoured thrusts have been ments. Steps are being taken made more effective by induc- for procurement of state-of-the- tion of T-90 tanks. For enhanc- art weapon systems of great ing the navigational capabilities lethality, range and precision; of tanks and infantry combat thermal imaging devices; bullet vehicles, steps have been taken and mine-proof vehicles and for procurement of Advanced secure radio sets for the Infan- Land Navigation Systems. To try. enhance communication capa- bilities of the armoured forma- (iv) Signals: Communication prob- tions, action has been taken for lems of Indian Army were ad- dressed in a very big way, post- procurement of Combat Net Kargil. Relentless efforts have Radio Sets. resulted in procurement of large (ii) Artillery: Various surveillance number of communication systems like Radars and Night equipment and systems, inte- Vision Devices are being pro- grated into function networks, cured to enhance the surveil- which have brought us closer lance capability of the Army. towards fighting Network Cen- Also, steps have been initiated tric Warfare. AVAN is being for procurement of a number of established to enhance the self propelled and towed ver- communication abilities. The sions of Artillery Guns, Rockets electronic warfare capabilities and Rocket Launchers to en- are also proposed to be up- hance the fire power of the graded by procurement of various electronic warfare Artillery. Unmanned Aerial systems. Vehicles, proposed for procure- ment, will enhance early warn- (v) Engineers: The demining ing and surveillance in high capabilities of the Engineers

27 have been enhanced through Control Structure of Army in the procurement of demining Western sector, albeit without any equipments. The induction of accretion in posts. The restructuring various equipments for defence has been effected to address the against nuclear, biological and changes in operational scenario and chemical warfare has improved to rationalize the extent and span of the capability for disaster man- control of Northern Headquarters in agement during a nuclear, order to facilitate effective deploy- chemical and biological warfare ment of Army HQ’s (Headquarters) scenario. The protection reserves, allocated to army during against Improvised Explosive war. The restructuring entails carving Devices (IED) is being en- out an additional Corps HQ and HQ hanced through procurement of South Western Command from the a sophisticated range of existing resources. This would facili- Counter Improvised Explosive tate better control and coordination Devices Equipment (IEDE). of areas of operational responsibili- (vi) Air Defence Artillery: Air De- ties of various formations. While fence Artillery is in the process addressing the existing structural of improving its capability by anomalies, the Government of India inducting new radars. Neces- remains committed to the mainte- sary steps have been initiated nance of peace and tranquility along for procurement of upgraded its western borders. The existing guns and missiles. confidence building measures initi- (vii) Army Aviation: In order to ated by the Government including enhance the lift capability, the de-induction of troops from J&K Advanced Light Helicopters are would consolidate the peace process being inducted into the Army. between India and Pakistan. For enhancing the reconnais- sance capabilities, necessary 3.4 Implementation of AV Singh steps are being taken to pro- Committee recommendations: cure light helicopters for replac- Government of India had consti- ing the existing Cheetah/Chetak tuted a committee under the chair- models. manship of Shri Ajai Vikram Singh ORGANISATIONAL in May 2001, to examine certain RESTRUCTURING shortcomings and imbalances in the organisational structure of the 3.3 Reorganisation of Command officers’ cadre of Army. The Com- and Control Structure of Army: mittee submitted its report in the The Government has approved the month of January 2003. The Com- reorganization of Command and mittee in its report recommended a 28 comprehensive plan for restructur- crores was started in April 2001 and ing the officers’ cadre, reduction in the project is likely to be completed qualifying service for promotion in at the end of year 2005. The modern- non-select ranks and a package of ization of COD Kanpur covers state- peel off measures to mitigate stag- of-the-art warehousing facilities with nation and a plan for broad – bas- higher vertical space utilization and ing the select ranks. The main automated material handling equip- purpose of the report has been in ments like forklift trucks, mobile belt achieving optimum combat effec- conveyors, hydraulic elevating cable tiveness by bringing down the age etc., for loading/unloading and profile of battalion/brigade com- retrieval/stacking of stores. It also manders and to make the organiza- includes computerised inventory tion more effective in fulfilling indi- management system and installation vidual career aspirations of the of state-of-the-art fire prevention and officers. Phase I of the report per- fire fighting systems. taining to non – select ranks has 3.6 The detailed project reports in since been approved and imple- respect of Ordnance Depots at Agra mented in respect of Army Officers and Jabalpur are also under the along with their counterparts in Navy & Air Force. advanced stage of finalization and it is expected that the modernization of MODERNISATION OF CENTRAL COD Agra and COD Jabalpur at an ORDNANCE DEPOTS (CODs) estimated cost of Rs. 350 crores each 3.5 There are seven Central Ord- is likely to start in the year 2005. nance Depots located at Delhi Can- MODERNISATION OF tonment, Dehu Road, Cheokki, AMMUNITION DEPOTS Kanpur, Agra, Mumbai and Jabalpur. These Depots were set-up in the pre- 3.7 There is one Central Ammunition independence period and have Depot at Pulgaon and fourteen Ammu- temporary/semi-permanent struc- nition Depots located in different parts tures, which have now become of the country. It is proposed to mod- dilapidated and lack modern material ernize security and safety infrastructure handling and storage facilities. in these depots by providing devices Therefore, it has been decided to such as Powered Fencing, Early modernize all the seven Central Warning System, Electronic Alarming Ordnance Depots in a phased man- System, Close Circuit TV, Sensors, ner. To begin with the modernization Electronic Surveillance Devices and of Central Ordnance Depot, Kanpur Equipment for frisking of personnel at an estimated cost of Rs. 187 and vehicles at entry points. 29 COUNTER INSURGENCY people manifold. There appears a OPERATIONS genuine yearning for normalcy, Jammu and Kashmir peace and rejection of violence amongst the people with success- 3.8 The Line of Control fence and ful J&K Elections in 2004. The an integrated surveillance, multi- ‘healing touch’ policy of the State tiered grid has contributed im- Government has also been well mensely towards controlling infil- received by the civil population. A tration. The number of infiltrators record number of yatris (3.82 lakhs) in 2004 had dropped. Due to effec- visited the Holy Cave of Amarnath tive and relentless counter terrorist this year. Tourist influx to the Valley operations, the strength of terror- is also expected to reach an all time ists in the hinterland has come high during this season. As part of down and the terrorists are conse- the ongoing peace process and quently suffering from low morale Confidence Building Measures and inter-group rivalries, with a (CBMs), a reduction in troops de- discernible divide between the ployed in J&K has been effected. terrorists of local and foreign ori- This decision is likely to give an gin. The Prime Minister’s peace impetus to the peace process and pronouncements and initiatives further improve the prevailing envi- have raised the expectations of ronment.

Army Patrol Team Searching IED in snow covered area in J & K

30 3.9 Winning hearts and minds (c) Health: Free health care to of people through ‘Operation insurgency victims, lady doc- Sadbhavana’: In ‘Operation tors for medical camps in re- Sadbhavana’ civic action, i.e., small mote areas, assistance in scale developmental and commu- construction and running of nity projects have been undertaken primary health centres, potable by the armed forces, for the benefit water supply schemes in re- of civilians in areas where troops mote areas, provision of artifi- are deployed to win hearts and cial limbs, etc. minds of people. The programmes include:- (d) Miscellaneous: Construction and running of community (a) Infrastructure Development: development centres, adoption Infrastructure development like of villages for development, construction of bridges, roads women empowerment, clean and electrification of remote up of Wular Lake / Dal lake, areas. reception of Hajis and construc- (b) Education: Scholarship to tion of mini hydel projects. Up students, computer training, to March 31st, 2004, Rs 46 construction and renovation of crores have been allocated for schools, etc. ‘Operation Sadbhavana’. The

Medical assistance to stranded civilians by Army in snow covered areas

31 budget outlay for 2004-05 is Rs. with National Socialist Council 41 crores and the projected of Nagaland (Issac & Muviah) outlay for 2005-06 is Rs. 55.92 [NSCN (IM)] has been further crores. extended and the group was North East invited for talks to Delhi. How- ever, the increased attempts by 3.10 The Security Forces have main- NSCN (IM) to consolidate and tained relentless pressure on the increase its area of influence, militants and have established as- thereby, becoming the mother cendancy over them in the entire group in the region, is of con- North-East. The peace initiatives with cern. Notwithstanding the various groups have progressed well same, there is a considerable and there is a general ground swell increase in general awareness for peace. and ground swell for peace, which has not only (a) Assam: Consequent to Bhutan emboldened the masses but operations in December 2003, has infused in them greater the pressure has been main- activism to check the illegal tained on the militants, which activities of militant groups. has forced them to go on the back foot. The militants efforts (c) Manipur: The newly estab- on resorting to desperate acts lished Unified Headquarters is of attacking soft targets/ inno- helping in imparting synergy to cent population has resulted in the efforts of the security forces. alienating them from the popu- Additional Army and Assam lation and student Rifles units have been inducted organisations. The National and it has already started show- Democratic Front of Bodoland ing good results towards (NDFB) offer of ceasefire au- achieving normalcy. gurs well for Assam. At the (d) Tripura: Though the porosity of same time, implementation of the border is being exploited by Bodoland Territorial Council the militants based in camps (Autonomous District) (BTC AD) across the international Accord and rehabilitation of border, the situation in Tripura is surrendered Bodoland Libera- well under control. The pres- tion Tiger (BLT) cadres is pro- sure of security forces has gressing well. resulted in National Liberation (b) Nagaland: Nagaland has Front of Tripura (NLFT) (NB) witnessed relative peace since signing a tripartite agreement August 1997. The ceasefire with the Government of India, 32 bringing into effect “Suspension proxy war in Jammu and Kash- of Operations” with effect from mir (J&K). The performance of 15 April 2004. A turf war be- Rashtriya Rifles (RR) in its tween two major militant groups assigned role has been very has been continuing, which has commendable. Rashtriya Rifles resulted in killing of each others troops ensured safe and suc- cadres, immigrants and civil- cessful conduct of Amarnath ians. Yatra despite threats from (e) Arunachal Pradesh: The State terrorists. With its proactive is peaceful except for the dis- offensive stance, Rashtriya tricts of Tirap and Changlang, Rifles have dealt a severe blow which stand declared as dis- to the terrorist outfits. Such has turbed. Security forces are been the intensity of operations, ensuring maintenance of law and so relentless has been the and order, which is evident from pressure that the terrorist the peaceful conduct of the organisations have lost their Assembly Elections held in cohesion resulting in infighting October 2004. amongst various groups. Be- sides performing creditably in (f) Meghalaya: Clash of interests its assigned role, the troops of between the Garos and Khasi Rashtriya Rifles have also tribes and exploitation of Garo played an excellent role in Hills by Assam militant groups winning the hearts and minds of [United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) and National people by undertaking a num- Democratic Front of Bodoland ber of goodwill missions. (NDFB)] has continued (b) New Raisings: The security throughout the year. Signing of environment in the state of J&K the accord with Achik National is dynamic and is reviewed Volunteer Council (ANVC), constantly based on threat which is a Garo Group, on July perceptions. To reduce the 23rd, 2004 augurs well for peace commitment of Army on internal in the State. security duties, the Government DIRECTORATE GENERAL had given ‘in principle’ approval RASHTRIYA RIFLES in 2000, to raise 30 more Rashtriya Rifles battalions, to 3.11 (a) During the year, forma- bring up the total strength of tions and units have remained Rashtriya Rifles troops to five fully committed in fighting the Force Headquarters, 17 Sector

33 Headquarters and 66 Rashtriya (e) Goodwill Missions: Rashtriya Rifles Battalions by the year Rifles troops have undertaken a 2005. Rashtriya Rifles battalions number of goodwill missions in (1 to 57) have been raised and their respective areas to project inducted in the Northern Sector. the humane face of the army Rashtriya Rifles Battalions (58 to and to win the hearts and 63) are under raising. minds of locals. These include running of schools, organising (c) Modernisation: A comprehen- friendly matches between Army sive case to modernise RR and locals and prize distribu- battalions, in terms of its fire- tion. There has been over- power, surveillance capabilities, whelming response from the communications and mobility is people for such programmes, under active consideration. In which has generated tremen- the interim, considering the dous goodwill towards intensity of ongoing militancy in Rashtriya Rifles troops. J & K, Rashtriya Rifles battal- (f) Development Works: ions have been allotted sub- Rashtriya Rifles troops have stantial quantities of equip- undertaken a number of devel- ments as Sector Stores under opment works including con- the modernisation programme. structions of roads, water sup- ply, education, model village, (d) Performance of Rashtriya dispensary, children park, Rifles: Operational perfor- community hall, shopping mance of Rashtriya Rifles has complex etc under ‘Operation been exemplary. This has been Sadbhawana’ in Jammu and possible due to high motiva- Kashmir. tional levels of troops, a good intelligence network developed (g) Medical Camps: As part of people friendly civic action over the years, and an excellent projects, medical and veterinary rapport with local population camps for general public of and civil administration. How- remote villages were organised ever, success in this proxy war every month. A team of spe- has not been without a cost. cialist doctors including Physi- Many gallant officers and men cians, Ophthalmologists, of Rashtriya Rifles have made Gynaecologists, Dentists and the supreme sacrifice in the Veterinary doctors worked in relentless pursuit of our objec- close cooperation with Army tive. doctors to make the medical 34 camps a big success. The (a) Project Management camp provided services of the Organisation Command Army and civilians medical Information and Decision officers for immunization and Support System (PMO family planning programmes. CIDSS): Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (h) The various formations and (CAIR), Bangalore is the devel- units of Rashtriya Rifles have oping agency of the Project been providing selfless service SAMVAHAK and PMO CIDSS in the state of Jammu and is the technical co-coordinating Kashmir in combating terrorism, authority for the Project, which providing aid to civil authorities is to be completed in three and conducting numerous phases. Phase-I covers devel- meaningful civic action opment of test bed in a Corps programmes. Rashtriya Rifles Zone comprising of one Corps troops maintained law and Headquarters, one Division order, provided safety to gen- Headquarters, three Brigade eral public and created condi- Headquarters and nine battal- tions conducive to the local ion modules by DRDO and populace participating in elec- subsequent equipping and tions. Such laudable achieve- integrating remaining forma- ments and sacrifices of all ranks tions/units of Corps by the will go a long way towards Army. The probable date of marginalisation of militancy in st completion of 1 Phase is J&K and in further enhancing December 2005. The system the image of the Rashtriya once successfully tested and Rifles and the Indian Army as a fielded will enable collecting, whole in the years to come. collating, filtering, processing, formating all levels in a field DIRECTORATE GENERAL force. The system would INFORMATION SYSTEMS (DGIS) present multiple operational options to commanders and 3.12 Director General Information support dissemination of deci- Systems has been created on May sions, plans, tasking and or- th 15 , 2004, to meet the challenges of ders. The capability of staff and modern battlefield. The following commanders will be greatly Project Management Organisations enhanced. CIDSS will have the were created to synergise the Infor- capability to function both from mation System functions in the Key Lay out Plan as well as Army. operational locations. CIDSS 35 will be carried to operational Customised Global Information locations in specially modified System (GIS) software. The shelters and fabricated to cater shelters for housing the Surveil- for various tactical headquar- lance Centre Terminal, Generator ters. Sets and Communication Control Units have been fabricated. (b) Project Management Organisation Battlefield Sur- (c) Project Management veillance System (PMO BSS): Organistion Artillery Combat The Automated Battlefield Sur- Command and Control Sys- veillance system will be one of tem (PMO ACCCS): The the major force multipliers avail- ACCCS has been visualised as able to the commanders on the a network of military grade battlefield. It will enable com- tactical computers, extending manders to take decision within a from Corps Fire Control Centre time frame, which will eventually (FCC) down to individual gun provide the decisive edge be- platforms. The ACCCS system tween victory and defeat. Project will automate and provide SANJAY for the development of decision support for all opera- Automated Battlefield Surveil- tional aspect of Artillery func- lance System, is being devel- tions from Corps down to the oped under aegis of PMO BSS. battery. ACCCS terminals are The developing agency is Bharat suitably inter-connected using Electronic Ltd (BEL), Ghaziabad Combat Net Radio (CNR) both with security solutions being VHF/HF, line and AREN/ASCON provided by Centre for Artificial Grid communication. The main Intelligence and Robotics (CAIR), stay of communication will be Bangalore. Under this project data transmission in spurts of various methods for automatic suitably sized packets and the transfer of data from the surveil- ACCCS System works on lance devices to the communica- Geographical Information tion terminals have been inno- System (GIS) background. vated. Data enabled broadband radio sets and fibre optic cables (d) Project Situation Awareness have been identified for the and Tactical Handheld Infor- smooth transmission of video, mation (SATHI): Project BETA images, data and voice. Multi was a project for development Sensor Data Fusion and Situa- of a handheld computing plat- tion Assessment Tools have been form combining several tech- developed and integrated with nologies such as Geographical

36 Information System, Global simple device to enable fighting Positioning System and Wire- cohesively and with minimal less Networking, customized for casualties. use by Infantry troops deployed UNITED NATIONS in Counter Insurgency Opera- PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS tions. The project is aimed at developing a single low-cost 3.13 India remains firmly committed hardware platform to meet the to the peacekeeping endeavours of Infantry requirements of naviga- the United Nations. Our contribution tion, map reading, radio com- to UN peacekeeping operations munications and information since 1950 crossed the 70,000 management, so that situation troops mark, which is the highest by awareness and command and any country in the world. The profes- control in close combat situa- sional élan of the Indian soldier is tions are immensely facilitated. evident from the fact that for every The project has been named new mission established by the UN, SATHI i.e., Situation Awareness the first offer to contribute troops was and Tactical Handheld Informa- made by the UN to India. Govern- tion, which is first R&D project ment has approved deployment of initiated by the Army with no Indian contingents in the UN Mission precedence or parallel. This in Democratic Republic of Congo project would take information (MONUC) and the proposed UN technology to the most needed Mission in Sudan (UNMISUD). As on places. Using this technology date, over 4000 Indian Army Troops instead of firepower, we could are deployed in UN Missions. position our men in meeting our (a) United Nations Interim Force challenges in Counter Insur- in Lebanon (UNIFIL): India gency operations. Today what has been contributing an Infan- the Infantry finds the most try Battalion Group and a num- difficult in successful execution ber of Staff Officers to UNIFIL of an operation is maintenance since 1998. The mission was of Command and Control after established in 1978 with an aim the mission is launched. If the to oversee the withdrawal of soldier knew where he is and Israeli forces from South Leba- where his other team-mates are non and establishment of and what his mission is, then Lebanese authority in the re- the task becomes more simple. gion. Located in the perpetually All these requirements have volatile region of the Middle been made available on a East, the success of UNIFIL is

37 extremely important to the Indian contribution to the mis- region as a whole. To this end, sion stands at 1554. The Indian the professionalism and tactical troops have been efficiently acumen of the Indian Peace- carrying out their mandated keepers has ensured that tasks in their Area of Responsi- peace in the region is not dis- bility of the de-militarised zone turbed and the mandate of the and have effectively prevented UN Mission is effectively situations from getting out of achieved. Deployed in some of control. To alleviate the lot of the most difficult areas along the local population, most of the ‘Blue Line’, Indian Peace- whom were displaced due to keepers have also endeared the war; the Indian Contingent themselves to the local popu- has instituted a number of relief lace by undertaking a number and rehabilitation projects of humanitarian projects which which include construction of have provided much needed school buildings, hospitals, succor to the locals. digging of wells, repair and construction of roads and (b) United Nations Mission in tracks and conduct of medical Ethiopia – Eritrea (UNMEE): camps, computer training Established in 2000, at the end classes etc. of a bitter three years war be- tween Ethiopia and Eritrea, (c) United Nations Organization UNMEE had the task of ensur- Mission in Democratic Re- ing separation of the two forces public of Congo (MONUC): by creating a de-militarised The mission was established in zone between the two and February 2000 and India has ensuring security in the region been contributing a sizeable to enable the International number of Military Observers to Boundary Commission to the mission ever since. Indian demarcate the border over Aviation contingent, comprising which the two neighbours had 343 personnel both from the gone to war. India has been Army and the Air Force, was contributing an Infantry Battal- inducted into the mission in ion Group, a Force Reserve July 2003. Recent events, Company, a Construction especially in Eastern Congo, Engineer Company and a have necessitated induction of number of Military Observers additional troops into Congo as and Staff Officers to the mission part of the UN Force in the since its inception. Current mission. The UN, under a fresh

38 UN Security Council Resolution nies, a Force Communication on November 1st, 2004, has Company, a Sector Transport authorized induction of 5900 Company and a Level II Hospi- additional military personnel tal. into the mission. Once again, (e) Participation in Other UN responding to the call of the Missions: Apart from the above UN, India is inducting an Infan- missions, India is also contribut- try Brigade Group comprising ing Staff Officers and Military three Infantry Battalions, a Observers to the UN Missions Recce and Observation Flight, in Burundi, Ivory Coast as well a Level III Hospital and a Com- as at the UN Department of munication Company apart Peacekeeping Operations, from an Aviation Contingent of United Nations Headquarters, the Air Force, in Eastern Congo New York. as part of the UN mission. This large sized contingent com- (f) In recognition of India’s contri- menced induction into the butions, an officer of Indian mission area in end November Army Lt. Gen R.K.Mehta, has 2004. been selected to the prestigeous assignment of (d) United Nations Mission in Military Adviser (MILAD) to Sudan (UNMISUD): After 21 UNO. years civil war between the Government of Sudan in the ADVENTURE AND SPORTS North and the Sudan People ACTIVITIES Liberation Army/Movement 3.14 The Indian Army has a tradition (SPLA/M) in the South, both of encouraging the spirit of adven- the parties are in the process of ture. It has played a pioneer role in reconciliation in which the UN has played a major role. To adventure sports on land, air and ensure that the provisions of the water. The Army organised multifac- Agreement to be signed be- eted adventure activities during the tween the warring parties are year as given in succeeding para- implemented in totality, the UN graphs. has planned to establish a Land Based Adventure Peacekeeping Mission under Chapter VI of the UN Charter in 3.15 (a) Indian Army (Dogra Sudan. India has pledged to Regiment) Expedition to provide a contingent compris- Kanchenjunga (8586 ing an Infantry Battalion, two Metres): The Expedition con- Construction Engineer Compa- sisted of 22 climbers from the

39 Dogra Regiment and was led Royal Nepal Army personnel) by Lt Col. SC Sharma, SC, led by Captain SS Negi made VSM. On October 10th, 2004, 6 the ascent of the Peak on June climbers led by Major MS 17th, 2004. Chauhan reached the summit. Unique achievements of the (c) Paratroopers expedition to Kanchenjunga Expedition are Nun (7140m): A paratroopers as follows:- expedition led by Major SS Shekhawat, SC achieved a very (i) After Japan, India, has creditable ascent of Nun Peak become the second coun- in Zanskar region of Ladakh by try to scale Kanchenjunga placing 31 members on the from the East as well as summit on September 6th , 8th , the West. First Indian 10th and 11th, 2004. Army climb of Kanchenjunga was (d) Rajputana Rifles expedition achieved in June 1997. to Trishul (7120m): A moun- taineering team from the (ii) Naib Subedar CN Bodh is Rajputana Rifles comprising of the only Indian to scale seasoned mountaineers and four 8000m peaks out of a total of 14 such peaks in new recruits successfully the world and Naib climbed Trishul Peak from Subedar Neel Chand outside the Nanda Devi Sanctu- became the second Indian ary. Fourteen members led by to scale three 8000m Lieutenant Colonel RS Tokas peaks. scaled the summit on October 5th and 6th, 2004. (b) Indo Nepalese Army Expedi- tion to Saser Kangri – I (e) Army Women Expedition to (7672m): A joint Indo- Abi Gamin(7355m): Army Nepalese Army expedition, launched a mountaineering organised by the Army Adven- expedition comprising Army ture Wing, climbed the Saser Women Officers, Special Fron- Kangri-I peak (7672m) along tier Force (SFF) Women and the West ridge route. The team National Cadet Corps girl ca- led by Lieutenant Colonel SP dets during the year. The Malik repeated the route fol- women were trained in basic lowed by the Indo-UK Saser and advance mountaineering Kangri 1987 expedition led by courses in May-June 2004. Brigadier (Retd) DK Khullar. Seven women members suc- Seven climbers (including one cessfully scaled Mt Abi Gamin 40 (7355m) on October 7th, 2004, for Hang Gliding, Deolali from which was organised as a pre- January 27th to 29th, 2004. Everest Expedition training. Havaldar Paramjit Singh of Aero Nodal Centre (ANC), Deolali (f) Raid-de-Himalaya Car Rally: secured first position among For the first time ever, nine the Army pilots. teams from the Indian Army participated in the Raid-de- (b) First Inter Command Himalaya Car Rally. The car Paragliding Competition: rally which was conducted in First Inter Command Paragliding the first week of October 2004 Competition was held from commenced from Shimla and October 4th to 10th, 2004 at after traversing through regions Pune. Southern Command of Ladakh terminated at Manali. stood first followed by Eastern Army teams bagged the overall Command. Mechanised Infantry trophy in the four wheeler Regimental Centre (MIRC) won category. the flying trophy. This competi- (g) India-ASEAN Motor Car tion was the first of its kind in the Rally: India-ASEAN car rally country. was organised by the Ministry (c) Participation of Army Team in of External Affairs and Confed- Paragliding Pre-World Cup at eration of Indian Industries (CII) nd For the first time from November 22 to Decem- Bir-Billing: ber 12th, 2004. The route of the Army Adventure Paragliding rally was Guwahati – Thailand- team of three pilots participated Laos – Vietnam – Cambodia – in the competition which fea- Malaysia – Singapore – Indone- tured pilots from more than 17 sia. The rally was flagged off by countries. This was the begin- the Prime Minister on Novem- ning of a new era for adventure ber 22nd, 2004 at Guwahati. One paragliding in the country. team from the Army alongwith Indian Army pilots are expected two other Indian teams partici- to reach international stan- pated in the car rally. dards in this sport within the Aero Adventure Activities next few years. (d) Hot Air Ballooning Expedi- 3.16 (a) First Army Hang Gliding tion by Mechanised Infantry Championship: First Army Regimental Centre (MIRC): A Hang Gliding Championship hot air ballooning expedition was conducted at the Army Adventure Aero Nodal Centre was conducted by MIRC, 41 Ahmednagar from Nasik to from Karnprayag to Rishikesh Ahmednagar from November from October 6th to 10th, 2004. 5th to 7th, 2004. Team com- (d) White Water Rafting Expedi- prised of two Officers and four tion by 90 Armd Regiment: A Other Ranks (ORs). white water rafting expedition (e) Hot Air Ballooning Expedition was conducted by 90 Armoured by 3 Electrical Mechanical Regiment from Rudraprayag to Engineer Centre: A hot air Rishikesh from October 6th to ballooning expedition was 10th, 2004. conducted by 3 Electrical Mechanical Engineer Centre, (e) White Water Rafting Expedi- Bhopal from Vadodara to tion by 11 Mechanical Infan- Bhopal from November 8th to try: A white water rafting expe- 12th, 2004. dition was conducted by 11 Aqua Adventure Activities. Mechanical Infantry from Rudraprayag to Rishikesh from th th 3.17 (a) Army Adventure Chal- November 10 to 14 , 2004. lenge Cup: Army Adventure (f) White Water Rafting Expedi- Challenge Cup was held from tion by 20 Jat Regiment: A th th April 27 to May 6 , 2004 at white water rafting expedition Raiwala. 21 teams from all was conducted by 20 Jat Regi- Commands, except Northern ment from Rudraprayag to Command, and 3 teams from Rishikesh from November 10th Para Military Forces and Indian to 14th, 2004. Navy participated in the event. (g) White Water Rafting Expedi- (b) White Water Rafting Expedi- tion by 20 Kumaon Regi- tion by Electrical Mechanical ment: A white water rafting Engineer Directorate: A white expedition was conducted by water rafting expedition was 20 Kumaon Regiment from conducted by Electrical Me- Rudraprayag to Rishikesh from chanical Engineer Directorate November 10th to 14th, 2004. from Karanprayag to Rishikesh 3.18 Miscellaneous Activities: from October 6th to 10th, 2004. Photographs of adventure activities (c) White Water Rafting Expedi- conducted by the Army Adventure tion by 1/11 Grenadier (GR): Wing and original adventure equip- A white water rafting expedition ment were put on display during the was conducted by 1/11 GR India International Trade Fair 2004 42 (IITF 2004) from November 14th to Disabled soldiers (battle casualties) 27th, 2004 at the Defence Pavilion. who are boarded/invalided out of OTHER IMPORTANT EVENTS service w.e.f. May 1st, 1999, other DURING THE YEAR than OP Vijay (Kargil), are eligible for one-time grant of Rs. 1 lakh out of 3.19 Pacific Armies Management ACWF. Seminar XXVIII: Pacific Armies 3.22 ACWF Grant to Disabled Management Seminar (PAMS) XXVIII was co-hosted by the Indian Army Soldiers (Battle Casualties) (Re- along with the US Army, Pacific in tained in Service): The disabled New Delhi recently. Over 102 Secu- soldiers (battle casualties) who rity Forces Officers from thirty one sustained injuries in various military st countries participated in the event. operations w.e.f. May 1 , 1999, and The theme for PAMS XXVIII was are retained in service, get a grant “Regional Cooperation in a Chang- out of ACWF based on their percent- ing Security Environment”. In his age of disability as under:- opening address, Chief of Army Staff (a) Above 75% : Rs. 30,000/- mentioned that terrorism did not disability appreciate any boundaries or bor- (b) Between 50% : Rs. 20,000/- ders and there was a need to under- to 74% stand each other’s concern to fight the menace. (c) Less than 50% : Rs. 10,000/- WELFARE 3.23 ACWF Grant to Next of Kin of all fatal casualties other than 3.20 Army Central Welfare Fund Battle Casualties: Next of kin of all (ACWF) grant to next of kin of fatal personnel who die in harness after battle casualties and war disabled April 30th, 2001 are paid a one time soldiers: As part of welfare mea- grant of Rs. 30,000/- from ACWF. sures, next of kin of all battle casual- ties and war disabled soldiers who 3.24 Vijay Veer Awas Yojna: The were boarded out during the period Delhi Development Authority had from August 15th, 1947 to April 30th, offered a housing scheme named 1999 are given Rs.50,000/- each “Vijayee Veer Awas Yojna” for rehabilitation of battle casualties. from National Defence Fund and Under the Scheme 312 flats for Army Central Welfare Fund. PBOR and 102 flats for officers 3.21 ACWF Grant For Disabled have been constructed. The Soldiers (Battle Casualties) other scheme was open till September than Operation Vijay (Kargil): 30th, 2003 for next of kin of battle 43 casualties and disabled boarded visit and treat the ex-servicemen and out soldiers of all operations with dependents of service personnel of st effect from May 1 , 1999. The cost Indian Army domiciled in Nepal dur- laid down is Rs. 5.93 lakhs for flats ing the year. One medical team has for officers and Rs. 3.98 lakhs for already visited Nepal from Septem- JCOs/ORs. ber 23rd, 2004 to October 18th, 2004. 3.25 Education Scholarship: Edu- 3.28 A number cation scholarships are being pro- Vocational Training: vided to wards of all physical casual- of ESM/widows/wives/wards of ESM ties who die in harness from the have been trained so far. Various various Defence Welfare corpuses. courses are conducted in the twelve The wards of battle casualties are Vocational Training Centres located given scholarships by the Central at Bhartiya Gorkha Sainik Nivas, th Government w.e.f. August 6 , 2003 Pension Paying Offices and Zila onwards. Sainik Boards to enhance technical 3.26 Concession in Second Class/ efficiency of ESM and their families Sleeper Class Fare for all war so as to enable them to get suitable widows: Ministry of Railways has jobs. announced 75% concession in 2nd Class/Sleeper Class fares for all war 3.29 Financial assistance to needy widows including widows of soldiers ex-servicemen: During the period who lay down their lives fighting many needy ex-servicemen were against terrorists. granted financial assistance by the 3.27 Medical Welfare Team: Six General Officers during their visit to medical teams have been identified to Nepal.

44 4

INDIAN NAV Y

A US Naval Helicopter landing on INS Mysore during Indo-US Joint Naval Exercise

45 INDIAN NAV Y

INDIAN NAVY manner. Towards this end, the indig- enously designed amphibious ship 4.1 During the year, The Indian Shardul was launched in April 2004. Navy maintained its personnel and equipment in a high state of combat MAJOR OPERATIONS AND preparedness due to continued EXERCISES presence of multinational maritime 4.4 Surveillance: Surveillance of forces in the Indian Ocean Region areas of strategic interest is one of (IOR) resulting in a fast pace of the vital tasks of the Navy. All the activities in the area. key areas of interest for the Navy 4.2 Indian Navy(IN) continues to lay were kept under constant surveil- special emphasis in the fields of lance during the year. Naval ships training, exercises and operations and aircraft continued their vigil in with foreign navies, which has further the Palk Bay and off the coasts of strengthened our relations with Gujarat and Maharashtra for preven- littoral countries. Indian Navy was tion of smuggling of arms and illegal also called upon to provide assis- movement of undesirable elements. tance to foreign countries in the form Naval ships and aircraft were also of coastal security for the World deployed on extensive surveillance, Economic Forum Summit and Afro- and anti-poaching operations in the Pacific-Caribbean (APC) Heads of Andaman, Nicobar and State Summit at Mozambique, Exclu- Lakshadweep Islands. sive Economic Zone (EEZ) surveil- 4.5 SPRINGEX 04: Indian Navy’s lance off Mauritius, surveillance off annual exercise, SPRINGEX-2004 Ras-al-Hadd etc. was conducted on the western 4.3 The induction of Tabar, a 1135.6 seaboard from February 1 to 25, 2004, wherein 41 Indian Naval ships, class frigate and one Extra Fast Attack three Coast Guard ships, five subma- Craft (XFAC) in April 2004 and Betwa rines and 38 aircraft, including two in July, 2004 has added the much- Jaguars from the Indian Air Force needed punch to the Indian Navy. participated. Induction of platforms in accordance with the Long Term Perspective Plan 4.6 Security Patrols off Maputo – is being progressed in a systematic Op FARISHTA 04: IN Ships Savitri

46 Surface to Air Missile (SAM) being fired from Indian Naval Ship and Sujata were deployed off Bengal and Preparis Channel in Maputo in Mozambique from May 23 Andaman Sea) from March 24 to April to July 13, 2004, for providing 2, 2004 to maintain surveillance in our coastal security as requested for by areas of interest. During the deploy- the Government of Mozambique, ment, the ships carried out an opera- during the World Economic Forum tional turn around (OTR) at Yangon Summit held at Maputo and Afro- (Myanmar) from March 29 to 30, 2004. Pacific-Caribbean (APC) Heads of 4.8 South China Sea: The ships State Summit from June 21 to 24, of the Eastern Fleet comprising IN 2004. In addition to this IN ships Ships Rana, Khukri, Ranvir, Kora and provided training to over 100 person- Udaygiri were deployed for ‘Pres- nel of the Mozambique Navy. Be- ence-cum-Surveillance Missions’ in sides, medical officers of IN ships Malacca Strait, Sunda Strait and conducted two medical camps and South China Sea during May 2003. treated more than 450 patients. During the deployment, the ships SURVEILLANCE-CUM-PRESENCE made a port call for Operational Turn MISSION Around (OTR) at Jakarta and Singapore as follows:- 4.7 North Bay of Bengal: IN Ships Khanjar and Kirpan were deployed on (a) Jakarta - May 12 to 13, 2004; the eastern seaboard (North Bay of Rana and Khukri.

47 (b) Singapore - May 17 to18, 2004; Overseas Deployment to the Persian Ranvir, Kora and Udaygiri. Gulf from September 7 to October 1, 2003. IN Ships Delhi, Mumbai, Aditya 4.9 Op SIRIUS: Naval ships were and Kulish participated in a Passage regularly deployed on patrol, off the Exercise (PASSEX) with Islamic Re- Southern and Eastern coast of Sri public of Iran Navy (IRIN) ships Lanka, during the year. Bandar Abbas and Sabalan off OVERSEAS DEPLOYMENT Bandar Abbas. During the deploy- ment, the ships undertook ‘Presence- 4.10 Return Passage – INS Tabar: cum-Surveillance Mission’ in the INS Tabar upon her commissioning Persian Gulf and made port calls at at Baltiysk, Russia, on April 30, 2004, Muscat, Bandar Abbas, Abu Dhabi commenced her maiden voyage to and Bahrain. India and arrived at Mumbai via Cape Town (South Africa) on July 4.14 Gulf of Thailand: IN Ships 31, 2003. The ship visited various LCU-33 and Tillanchang were de- ports en-route. ployed on overseas deployment in the Gulf of Thailand from October 3 4.11 Mediterranean Sea: Four to 13, 2003. During the deployment ships of the Western Fleet namely, the ships made a port call at Phuket Mysore, Godavari, Ganga and Shakti from October 6 to 10, 2003. were deployed to the Gulf of Aden and Mediterranean Sea on Overseas 4.15 South China Sea/West Pa- Deployment. During the deploy- cific Ocean: IN ships Ranvijay, ment, the ships visited ports in Israel, Ranjit, Godavari, Kirch, Sukanya and Cyprus, Egypt and Turkey. Jyoti were deployed in South China 4.12 South Indian Ocean: IN Ships Sea and West Pacific Ocean from Tir and Sharda from First Training October 1 to November 20, 2003. Squadron were deployed in the During the deployment, the ships South Indian Ocean on Overseas visited Pusan (South Korea), Tokyo Deployment from September 12 to (Japan), Jakarta (Indonesia), Manila October 14, 2003. During the de- (Philippines) and Ho Chi Minh City ployment, the ships made port calls (Vietnam). at Port Victoria (Seychelles), 4.16 2nd Western Pacific MCMX Mombassa (Kenya) and Male and DIVEX: INS Karwar was de- (Maldives). ployed at Singapore from April 21 to 4.13 Persian Gulf: IN Ships Mumbai, May 7, 2004, to participate in the 2nd Talwar, Delhi, Kulish, Aditya, Pralaya Western Pacific Mine Counter Mea- and Sindhuraj were deployed on sures Exercise (MCMX) and Diving

48 Exercise (DIVEX). This exercise was aircrafts of the French Task force attended by 18 countries of the Asia participated. The Task Force also Pacific region. included a Royal Navy ship. The IN had fielded 6 ships, a submarine and 4.17 Navy to Navy Staff Talks: The five aircraft during the exercise. The 3rd Indo-French Navy to Navy Staff work-up phase was conducted from talks were held from January 17–21 , April 6-8, 2004, followed by the 2005. exercise phase from April 10–14, EXERCISES AND JOINT 2004. OPERATIONS WITH FOREIGN NAVIES 4.21 VARUNA 2005: The focus for Varuna 2005 would be on Mine 4.18 The Indian Navy has Counter Measure Exercise (MCMX). institutionalised joint exercises with Two FN Tripartite Mine Hunters led USA, France and Singapore and joint by their support ship are likely to patrols with Indonesia. The details of participate. such exercises are as mentioned in 4.22 USA : Exercise MALABAR succeeding paragraphs. CY-04: 4.19 Singapore : IN-RSN Exercise: (a) The joint Indo-US Navy bilateral The 6th Indian Navy - Republic of exercise MALABAR CY-04 (Cal- Singapore Navy (RSN) bilateral endar Year 04) was held off Goa exercise was conducted from March from October 1st to 10th, 2003. 7 to 19, 2004, off Kochi. The RSN ships visited Port Blair from March 1 (b) IN ships Mysore, Brahmaputra, to 3, 2004, prior to their port call at Shankul (SSK submarine) and Kochi. The RSN had deployed four Aditya participated in the exer- ships for the exercise and the IN cise from the Indian Navy side. participation included three ships, a From the US Navy side, USS submarine and four rotary and fixed Cowpens (Ticonderoga Class wing aircrafts. Destroyer), US Ships Gary (Oliver Hazard Perry Class 4.20 France : Exercise VARUNA Frigate) and US Ships Alexan- 04/1: The largest ever bilateral dria (Los Angeles Class Nuclear exercise with the French Navy was Submarine) participated in the held off Goa from April 6 to 15, 2004 exercise. In addition, P3C off the Western seaboard, in which Orion, Maritime Patrol Aircraft six ships including the latest French (MPA), TU 142 M Maritime aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle, an Reconnaissance Anti-Subma- SSN (Nuclear submarine), and seven rine Warfare Aircraft (MRASW),

49 Dornier (MPA), Sea Harrier Special Forces Exercise, SANGAM fighters and integral helicopters 04, was held at Ganpatipule, India also participated. from October 8 to 24, 2004. The thrust of this exercise was on VBSS (c) The thrust of the exercises operations. this year was on Advanced Anti- Submarine Warfare (ASW), Sea 4.24 MILAN 05: The annual multi- Control Missions, Fleet Air national exercise and interaction, Defence, Surface Firings, Mari- involving navies of South Asia and time Interdiction Operations South East Asia, generically named (MIO) and Visit Board Search ‘MILAN 05’, is planned to be held at and Seizure (VBSS) operations. Port Blair. Warships/delegations from Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, (d) In order to streamline Australia, Malaysia, Myanmar and interoperability and derive maxi- Singapore are expected to attend. mum training value from such exercises, Standard Operating 4.25 The details of other interaction Procedures (SOPs) between the with foreign navies, during the year, two navies have been finalised, are tabulated below: -

S.No Dates Event Country Place 1. May 20th, 2004 Ninth International Maritime Sri Lanka Palk Bay Boundary Line (IMBL) Meeting 2. June 10th-12th, 2004 Indo-French Navy-to-Navy France Reunion Operational Staff Talks Island 3. June 07th-11th, 2004 WPNS Workshop 2004 WPNS Singapore 4. August 16th-19th, 2004 Indo-South Africa Navy to Navy South Africa Pretoria Staff Talks 5. September 01st-04th, IN/SLN Ninth Operational Review Sri Lanka Colombo 2004 Meeting (ORM) 6. September 28th-30th, Indo-UK Navy to Navy Staff Talks UK New Delhi 2004 7. November 14th-15th, IN/US Eighth Executive Steering USA Guam 2004 Group (ESG) Meeting 8. November 30th , 2004 Tenth International Maritime Sri Lanka Palk Bay Boundary Line (IMBL) Meeting 9. November 17th-20th,9th Western Pacific Naval WPNS Singapore 2004 Symposium (WPNS)

which were also tried out during 4.26 Transfer of INS Tarmugli to Exercise MALABAR CY-03. Seychelles: As a gesture of good- 4.23 Special Forces Exercise will aimed at furthering our friendly SANGAM 04: Two weeks naval relations with Seychelles, the Gov-

50 ernment of India has approved the Sl No Country Officers Sailors transfer of INS Tarmugli a Fast (a) Sri Lanka 158 152 (b) Nigeria 04 - Attack Craft (FAC) to the Seychelles (c) Bangladesh 09 09 Coast Guard (SCG). The ship is (d) Malaysia 03 - likely to be handed over to the SCG (e) Myanmar 03 - shortly. (f) Mauritius 02 06 TRAINING (g) Kenya 03 - (h) Vietnam 04 - (j) Tanzania 02 - 4.27 Training of Foreign Personnel: (k) Cambodia 01 01 Training of foreign naval personnel is (l) Indonesia 03 - undertaken to enhance our defence (m) Singapore 01 - co-operation, especially with the (n) Maldives 12 18 littoral nations. A majority of alloca- (p) South Africa 04 07 (q) Ghana 01 01 tions are made under Indian Technical (r) Seychelles - 05 and Economic Cooperation/Special Total 210 199 Aid Programmes. During the training year 2004 - 2005, sanction has been 4.28 Deputation of IN Personnel accorded for 210 Officers and 199 for Courses Abroad: 23 personnel Sailors from friendly foreign countries have been deputed abroad for train- to be trained in India. Details are as ing courses till end October 2004 follows:- including 12 personnel under United

Indo-US Joint Naval Exercise ‘Malabar CY 2004’

51 States International Military Educa- ADVANCEMENT IN tion and Training programme. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

4.29 First Training Squadron: A 4.32 The Navy has identified two key total of 141 cadets were trained thrust areas in the field of IT - Net- onboard INS Tir and Krishna of First working and e-enabled solutions. A Training Squadron. During the large number of IT applications have course of sea training, besides visit- been initiated during the year. These initiatives aim at enhancing efficiency ing all major ports of India, the ca- in the fields of maintenance, health dets also visited ports of Suez, care management and human re- Palermo, Alexandria, Port Said, source and material management, Bandar Abbas, Al Fujaira and Muscat which have a direct bearing on our during the overseas deployment. resource planning and war fighting capability. 4.30 Implementation of Ajai Vikram Singh Committee (AVSC) Report: ADVENTURE AND SPORTS The recommendation of AVSC 4.33 Adventure and sports activities (Phase-I) in respect of non-select play an important role in the integral ranks of Naval Officers was approved development of Naval personnel. by the Government along with their These activities are not only neces- counterparts in Army and Air Force. sary to develop technical, managerial and administrative skills, but also to 4.31 Civilian Personnel: Indian develop higher levels of physical Navy continues to focus on the fitness, stamina, determination, agility, training and development of civilian team work and esprit de corps. Spe- personnel, in line with the National cial emphasis is given to participation Training Policy. This is particularly in water based sports, viz. yatching, relevant, as civilians comprise ap- rowing, kayaking, canoeing, swim- proximately 50% of the Naval ming and water polo. strength and unlike the sister Ser- 4.34 Mountaineering: The Navy vices, are involved in operational, undertook major mountaineering maintenance and logistic support expeditions during 2004 creating functions. A number of courses have several records in the process. An been scheduled at the induction and expedition to Mt Everest from the mid-career phases, as stipulated in Northern side (Tibet) was undertaken Cadre Training Plans. These courses during March-June 2004 and the have made the man in uniform and following records were set: - his civilian counterpart appreciate (a) First all Navy team in the world each other better. to climb Mt Everest. 52 (b) First Indian Armed Forces team This team would also participate in on Everest from North. the forthcoming National Sky Diving (c) Most successful Indian Team Championship and various other from North (11 summiteers). international events being organised subsequently. (d) First Indian leader and doctor to th summit Everest. 4.38 38 Military Sailing Champi- onship at Marin (Spain): This 4.35 Soon after summitting Mount Championship was conducted from Everest, a virgin and un-named peak May 27 to June 5, 2004, wherein a (21,648 ft) in Eastern Ladakh was total of 18 countries participated. scaled by the IN team. The peak The races were conducted in SNIPE was extremely difficult, which was the primary reason for it being class of boats that are not sailed in unclimbed till date. Six Naval moun- India. The Navy team comprising Lt taineers, braving hazards and techni- Cdr AS Patankar and Lt SS Korti cal difficulties, summitted the peak represented India and were placed th on October 9, 2004. The Navy, in 8 on completion of the order to mark the first ascent of the champioinship. peak and as a tribute to the moun- 4.39 Enterprise World Champion- tain, has named the peak as ship 2004: This Championship was “Konchuk Tsoo” which in Ladakhi conducted from August 16 to 21, language means ‘God of water’. 2004 in Cork (Ireland). There were a 4.36 White Water Rafting: total of 77 boats. Eight races in all White Water Rafting camps are were held in varying wind and sea organized regularly at Shivpuri conditions (wind upto 25 knots and (Uttranchal) and Godavari rivers for swell upto 2.5 mtrs was experi- developing basic skills in this sport. enced). The overall results of the Progressively more challenging four teams fielded by the Navy were camps and expeditions have been as follows:- planned in the NE region and Himalayas. (a) A Mongia/Lt Amit - Third Arvind 4.37 Aero Adventure Sports: The (b) SS Chauhan PO/N - Fourth Navy has created its own ‘Sky Diving Team’ which undertook demonstra- Sharma LMA tion jumps during the Navy Week in (c) NK Yadav MCPO I/ - Eighth December 2004 at Vizag and Kochi. GL Yadav MCPO II 53 (d) Lt Cdr AS Patankar/ - Ninth 4.41 National Shooting Champion- Lt SS Korti ship 2004-05: National Shooting Championship 2004-05 was held at 4.40 Achievements of Naval Indore from October 5 to 15, 2004 Sportsmen: where Naval personnel won three gold, five silver and three bronze medals.

S. No Name Rank Event Achievement 1. M Surajoy Singh PO World Junior Boxing championship Bronze held at South Korea from June 11th to 20th, 2003. 2. CPR Sudhir Kumar CPO PTI Commonwealth weight lifting 1 Gold and Championship held at Malta from 2 Silver June 25th to 28th, 2004 3. AL Lakra PO PTI 35th Grand Prix Boxing champion- Silver Medal ship held at Czech Republic during June 7th to 14th, 2003. 4. AL Lakra AG. PO National Boxing championship held Gold Medal at Hissar from August 3rd to 8th, 2003. in 57 Kg 5. Jonathan NAH-II National Boxing championship held Silver Medal at Hissar from August 3rd to 8th, 2003. in 48 Kg

54 5

INDIAN AIR FORCE

Airmen with their Aircraft

55 INDIAN AIR FORCE

5.1 The Indian Air Force (IAF) is 5.3 In addition to peacetime train- today, a modern, technology-inten- ing for traditional wartime roles, the sive force, with a proven record of IAF has provided significant aid to excellence and professionalism. It is civil authorities during the flood relief poised at the threshold of a new operations in Assam, Arunachal paradigm of modernization in keep- Pradesh and Bihar during the year. ing with the new security challenges The IAF was also the first to react faced by the nation which the IAF after the Tsunami struck in December may need to attend to. 2004. Over and above the extensive 5.2 With the ever-escalating costs relief operations in Andaman & of operations, great emphasis is Nicobar Islands, aid was also ex- being placed on cost-effective train- tended to Sri Lanka and Maldives. ing, optimising output and The Siachen Glacier lifeline contin- minimising wastage. The IAF has ues to be maintained by the Indian implemented a number of measures Air Force, alongwith the additional to enhance the quality of life of its areas along the Line of Control personnel in key welfare areas of (LoC), fully supporting the opera- housing, education and hostel tions/exercises of the Indian Army in facilities. the world’s highest battlefield.

Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) of Sarang Team in flight

56 CEREMONY parade, the three Service Chiefs laid wreaths at Amar Jawan Jyoti at India 5.4 Defence Investiture Gate and Air Force War Memorial at Defence Investiture Ceremony: AF Station Palam. The parade was Ceremony was held at Rashtrapati witnessed by the Marshal of the Air Bhawan on July 5, and July 8, Force, COAS, CNS and AOC-in-C, 2004, at which the President of WAC amongst other senior service India decorated the recipients of dignitaries and MN & AAs of foreign higher distinguished service missions. During the Investiture awards announced on the eve of ceremony, a total of 46 awardees Republic Day 2004. 6 PVSM and 11 were invested with the awards which AVSM awards were conferred on included VM(G), VM, Bar to VSM, Air Force officers. VSM and Jeevan Raksha Padak 5.5 Independence Day Flag Award. The parade was followed by Hoisting Ceremony: Flag hoisting a fly past and a first time ‘Sarang ceremony was conducted on August Display’ by Advanced Light Helicop- 15, 2004 at Red Fort, Delhi on the ters (ALHs), besides an aerobatics occasion of 57th year of India’s inde- show by Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team pendence. The flag was hoisted by (SKAT). In the evening on October 8, the Hon’ble Prime Minister. The 2004, the CAS hosted a reception at ceremony was attended by cabinet Air House which was attended by the ministers, service Chiefs and a host President, Vice President, Defence of dignitaries besides school chil- Minister, Leader of Opposition, Mar- dren. Air Force being the coordinat- shal of the Air Force, other service ing service this year, a combined Chiefs and the distinguished invitees. inter-services and police guard of honour was presented to the Prime Minister by the contingent compris- ing 132 personnel including four officers of the rank of Squadron Leader and their equivalents from three services and Delhi Police.

5.6 72nd Anniversary of Air Force Day: The Air Force Day-cum-Investi- ture Parade was held at Air Force Station, Palam on October 8, 2004, at which Air Chief Marshal S Krishnaswamy, PVSM AVSM VM & Bar, ADC, Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) received the salute. Prior to the ALH ‘Dhruv’ helicopter airlifting a Jeep 57 5.7 AWSO Concert at Bangkok - Presentation Ceremony was held on February 13, 2004 : A historical November 1, 2004 at AF Station event was achieved when Air War- Kanpur. During the ceremony, the rior Symphony Orchestra (AWSO) President of India presented Stan- presented a concert at Bangkok on dard/Colour to Air Crew Examination February 13, 2004. The chief guest Board (AEB) and 1 Base Repair for the occasion was the Deputy Depot (BRD) respectively. The cer- Commander in Chief, Royal Thai Air emony was attended by various Force, Air Chief Marshal Chlern other dignitaries like Chief Minister Chum Cherin Suk. The distin- and Governor of UP. guished audience consisted of FLIGHT SAFETY Indian Ambassador Smt. LK Ponappa, Ambassadors and De- 5.10 A concerted effort has resulted fence Attaches of various countries, in an improvement in the overall flying local civilian dignitaries and Royal environment and a reduction in acci- Thailand Army and Air Force Per- dent/incidents. The accident rate in sonnel. The performance of AWSO the current year is lower as compared was so enthralling that the Indian to last year. This has been achieved Ambassador desired to have AWSO by identifying problem areas in tech- concert again in July 2004. nology and design. Modifications 5.8 IAF AWSO Concert at Fin- have been carried out to overcome technological problems related to land: It has been a great honour for MiG-21 engines. This has vastly AWSO to represent as the sole Asian reduced accidents in the current military band at Hamina Tattoo 2004, financial year. In addition, weak areas a biennial event held at Finland. The in training of aircrew have been ad- AWSO had participated alongside dressed by constant review of opera- military bands from Great Britain, tional syllabus and close supervision. Germany, Russia, Estonia and Fin- Units involved in training flying have land. The melodies played by the AF been relocated to areas with better band, particularly the original scores weather conditions. Combating bird and the popular western pop, jazz menace in the vicinity of airfields and and western classical were highly adjoining areas have resulted in a appreciated by the audience and the better flying environment and there musicians of the other bands. Indian has been no accident in the last two classical scores presented by the years due to bird hit. Additional thrust AWSO were specially appreciated by has been given to provisioning of the Finnish people. modern navigation and recovery aids 5.9 Standard/Colour Presenta- leading to a safer flying environment. tion Ceremony: Standard/ Colour To further improve the Flight Safety 58 record of IAF, the Government of India team interacted with user director- has also constituted an Expert Com- ates and Command HQs to assess mittee on December 30, 2004 to their bandwidth requirements. Based identify the causes of aircraft acci- on these interactions the team pro- dents and recommend remedial posed an architecture for IAF WAN measures. This Committee is in the which is scalable and highly reliable process of identifying high accident to meet both peace and wartime prone technology not conducive to needs of IAF. safe operations, rationalising the 5.12 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle selection and placement policies of (UAV) Communication: UAV personnel, reviewing the existing Squadrons have already been in- training system and flying environ- ducted in IAF. A communication ment so as to build operational effi- network of mobile Satcom Very Small ciency. The Expert Committee will Aperture Satellite (VSAT) terminals also provide a comprehensive action has been planned to provide live plan so as to minimise losses due to video streaming data from a Ground aircraft accidents. This Committee Control Station (GCS) to Squadron would also follow up the implementa- base and Command HQ. The data tion of the recommendations made by will be uitilised by the field/theatre the earlier committees, the La commander to plan for further action Fontaine Committee and the Commit- in case of war scenario. In peace tee on fighter Aircraft Accidents time, this would provide strategic (COFAA), and their impact on flight data. safety. The Expert Committee is expected to submit its report by May 5.13 Digital Voice and Data Re- 2005. corder: Air Force has procured state of the art digital voice and data COMMUNICATION recorder of 32 channels for recording ground to Air R/T and Ops communi- 5.11 IAF Wide Area Network cation. This will be replacing the old (WAN) Project: Existing Air Force Air Airfield Tape Recorder (AFTR) of Defence Ground Environmental Meltron make, which has already Systems (ADGES) and other Com- been declared obsolescent. munication networks need to be strengthened so that practically any 5.14 Procurement of INMARSAT foreseeable eventuality should be for Search and Rescue (SAR) handled in time. A study team Helicopter: Indian Air Force is acquir- formed at Air HQ analysed various ing state of the art satellite telephones communication needs of Air Force for the helicopter employed in SAR and proposed a solution which is duties. This will be able to meet long scalable, reliable and secure. The outstanding need of the Aircrew 59 involved in SAR activities. The system tionally, in order to give opportunities will be capable of providing reliable to candidates from remote, far flung and quick communication to the and border areas, recruitment rallies aircrew from any SAR location to the are conducted by CASB in association desired authorities/subscribers any with ASCs and concerned state Govts. where in the world, for quick SAR Recruitment of Airmen in IAF is purely operation as well as faster effective based on Merit. Candidates are tested liasioning and thereby providing at the ASCs/rallies and results are timely help to the affected parties. announced on the same day. Thereaf- ter, results are compiled at CASB and 5.15 Upgradation of airfields: All India Select List is prepared. Upgradation of airfields is an ongoing 5.18 Implementation of Ajai process: Nav-aids such as Instrument Vikram Singh Committee (AVSC): Landing system (ILS)/Distance Mea- The recommendation of AVSC suring Equipment (DME), Visual Phase-I in respect of IAF Officers Optical Range (VOR)/Distance Mea- was approved by the Government on suring Equipment (DME), Surveillance March 12, 2005 along with their Radar Equipment (SRE)/Precision counterparts in Army and Navy. The Approach Radar (PAR), Combined implementation was with retrospec- Automatic Direction Finder (CADF), tive effect, with effect from December Arrester Barrier etc. are being pro- 16, 2004, the date on which recom- cured to cater for the replacement of mendations pertaining to Army old/obsolete equipment. (AVSC-1) were implemented to RECRUITMENT OF AIRMEN maintain parity with other services. This resulted in a total of 4445 pro- 5.16 Central Airmen Selection Board motions in various ranks from Flying (CASB) under Air HQ is the agency Officer to Wing Commander. responsible for recruitment of 5.19 The proposal of IAF for man- PBORs. The endeavour is to provide power requirement and restructuring quality human resources to man is under consideration of the Govern- sophisticated weapon systems in the ment. inventory of IAF. Thirteen Airmen Selection Centres (ASCs) across the country in association with CASB are responsible for selection of PBORs.

5.17 On an Average, the IAF inducts about 7000 trainees in a year. CASB conducts scheduled tests at All India level by inviting applications through advertisements published in Employ- An IL-78 Aircraft refuelling Mirage 2000 ment News/Rozgar Samachar. Addi- Fighter Aircraft 60 6

COAST GUARD

Coast Guard : Lean, Visible and Efficient Force

61 COAST GUARD

6.1 The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) search and rescue (SAR) efforts/ was set up on August 19, 1978 with operations and protection of marine the enactment of the Coast Guard environment (anti-pollution mea- Act 1978. The Act provided for the sures at sea). constitution of the Coast Guard as ORGANIZATION an Armed Force of the Union for ensuring the security of the maritime 6.2 The Command and Control of zones of India with a view to protect- the Coast Guard is exercised by the ing maritime and other national Director General, from the Coast interests. The Coast Guard is re- Guard Headquarters at New Delhi. sponsible for keeping India’s Exclu- The entire coastline of India and the sive Economic Zone (EEZ) measur- maritime zones are divided into ing over 2.02 million sq. kms. under three Regions with Regional Head- regular surveillance to prevent quarters situated at Mumbai, poaching/smuggling and other Chennai and Port Blair. The Re- illegal activities. Besides, Coast gions are further divided into Coast Guard’s charter of duties include Guard Districts, each representing a

A Coast Guard helicopter demonstrating the Oil Pollution Control Unit

62 coastal state, under a District Com- functions of Coast Guard are as mander. There are two Air Stations under:- at Daman and Chennai and four Air l Safety and protection of artifi- Enclaves at Goa, Mumbai, Kolkata and Port Blair. cial islands, offshore oil termi- nals, and devices, FORCE LEVEL l Protection of Indian fishermen, 6.3 From a small beginning in l 1978, the Coast Guard has made Assistance to fishermen in steady progress in developing its distress at sea, force levels with regular induction of l Preservation and protection of ships and aircraft. Presently, Coast the marine environment, Guard has a force level of 38 ships, 20 interceptor boats/craft, 6 l Prevention and control of ma- hovercraft, 24 Dornier aircraft, 17 rine pollution, Chetak helicopters and 3 Advanced l Assisting the Customs and Light Helicopters. other authorities in anti- smug- DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS gling operations,

6.4 As specified in Section 14 of the l Enforcement of maritime laws in Coast Guard Act 1978, the duties and force,

Pollution Response Operations

63 l Safety of life and property at sea, ACTIVATION OF NEW COAST GUARD STATION l Collection of scientific data, l Other duties as and when pre- 6.7 Coast Guard station at Jakhau scribed by the Government of near Sir Creek was activated on India. November 24, 2004. Two hovercrafts AREAS OF MARITIME INTEREST have been based at Jakhau for operations in the shallow water and TO INDIA creeks of the area. 6.5 India’s maritime interests are SEARCH AND RESCUE (SAR) wide-ranging. India has 7,517 kms. EFFORTS coastline and 2.02 million sq. kms. of Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). 6.8 Distress situations at sea Coast The maritime perimeter of India is demand rapid response: Guard ships and aircrafts undertook likely to expand by another million various search and rescue missions sq. kms. approximately with the legal and were instrumental in saving 125 continental shelf (LCS) regime, lives, 4 ships and 12 boats during the expected to be in place by the end of year. The major search and rescue 2005. The maritime zone has 598 operations are as given below. islands near the shore, 572 islands in the Andaman & Nicobar group and 27 islands in the Lakshadweep. Additionally, under the Seabed Treaty, India has been allocated an area of 1,50,000 sq. miles seabed mining block in the Indian Ocean around 13 degrees south latitude. These are besides its scientific inter- Investigation of suspect Vessel during Search and ests in the Antarctica. Rescue Operation

6.6 India has seven maritime 6.9 Sri Lankan Fishermen: On neighbours. The eighth will be the June 30, 2004, Maritime Rescue Sultanate of Oman, once the legal Coordination Centre (MRCC), continental shelf is accepted and Chennai received a message from a brought into force. India has demar- merchant vessel (MV) SBS Nimbus cated its boundaries among its mari- operating in Kaveri Basin off the time neighbours except for Pakistan coast of Andhra Pradesh. A fishing and Bangladesh where economic and boat FV Ayosa Baby with five Sri historic interests are at play. Lankan crew was adrift 115 miles

64 southwest of Kakinada. The crew information that the crew members of was reported to be in a dehydrated MV Setia Jaya had abandoned the state as the fishing boat was adrift for vessel consequent to a fire on board. 20 days due to a defect on its main The tanker was on passage from propulsion machinery and there was Male to Singapore. MRCC, Chennai no food onboard. MRCC, Chennai was requested to assume responsi- assumed coordination for SAR and bility for coordination of the SAR directed the ship to provide food and operations by the owners on account water to the fatigued crew. MV, SBS of the inability expressed by the Sri Nimbus was directed to tow the Lankan authorities. Accordingly, an fishing boat to Kakinada. The fishing INMARSAT safety net message was vessel arrived at Kakinada port under activated for attention of the ships in tow. All five crew members were vicinity of 300 nautical miles(NM) provided first aid on arrival. The from the datum. Thereafter, on July Maritime Rescue Sub Centre 24, 2004, the master of MV British Pride contacted MRCC, Chennai and (MRSC), Vizag of the Coast Guard intimated that nine crew members coordinated the operation. were rescued and the dead bodies of 6.10 Assistance to Maldivian six others were recovered. MV British Coast Guard: On July 10, 2004, the Pride was on passage from Oman to MRCC, Mumbai received a distress Long Beach, USA when she was message from the Maldivian Coast alerted by the Coast Guard activated Guard regarding a missing fishing safety net message. boat with four persons onboard. The 6.12 SAR off Agatti Island: An fishing boat “Mush Tharee” was on information regarding missing of two passage from Naifaru Island to tourists (British nationals) along with Kaashidhoo Island in the Maldivian an Indian diving instructor was re- group of islands and was last sighted ceived at MRSC, Kochi from Agatti on July 9, 2004. The Coast Guard Port Officer on September 15, 2004. initiated a safety net message on A search operation was launched by INMARSAT. The concerted efforts of the Coast Guard resulted in sighting the local administration by utilising of the boat by a merchant vessel MV available fishing boats in the area. Bonthi on July 12, 2004 about 270 Both the British nationals were found nautical miles southwest of floating in water and were rescued Trivandrum. successfully. However, the missing diving instructor could not be located. 6.11 SAR in Sri Lankan Search & Rescue Region (SRR): On July 23, 6.13 MV Prabhu Parvati: Coast 2004 MRCC, Chennai received Guard MRCC, Mumbai received a

65 distress alert from the Master of MV 6.15 Assistance to MV Fresh Prabhu Parvati on October 17, 2004 Market: On November 6, 2004, regarding an engine room cadet; MRCC, Mumbai received a distress reportedly fallen overboard from the alert from MV Fresh Market. There vessel. Accordingly, a SAR mission were ten crew onboard. The MRCC, was launched immediately by de- Mumbai coordinated the operation ploying two dedicated Dornier sorties and a merchant ship in the vicinity from Daman on October 17 and 18, MV Kodaijisan (HPLL) rescued the 2004, which carried out search in the crew of the distressed vessel. The most probable area in coordination vessel was thereafter directed to- with Coast Guard surface units. To wards Kochi, where the crew was augment the search, two interceptor disembarked to a Coast Guard boats ex Porbandar also participated vessel and brought safely to harbour. in the operation. In the meantime, MEDICAL EVACUATION MRSC, Porbandar received an infor- (MEDEVAC) mation regarding rescue of the missing person by a fishing boat 6.16 MV Teign Bank: On July 13, Ishwar VRL-10812 and brought to 2004, the MRCC, Mumbai received a Veraval harbour on October 22, request from the MRCC, Falmouth 2004. (UK) for medical evacuation of an injured crew onboard MV Teign 6.14 Sri Lankan Vessel Chatura Bank. The MRCC, Mumbai assumed Putha: On November 3, 2004 a coordination immediately. The distress message was received by vessel was directed to approach the MRCC, Mumbai regarding cap- Kochi so as to effect an evacuation sizing of a Sri Lankan vessel, using a Coast Guard helicopter. Chatura Putha. There were five Continuous communication was persons on-board. The MRCC, maintained with the Master of the Mumbai immediately assumed coor- vessel and medical advice was dination for SAR. An International provided over phone. The patient Safety Net (ISN) message was acti- was evacuated safely on July 14, vated on November 3, 2004 by the 2004 and admitted to a civil hospital MRCC, Mumbai requesting merchant at Kochi for treatment. vessels in the vicinity to render assis- tance. On receipt of ISN message, 6.17 MV Iran Deyant: The MRCC, out of the five persons onboard, four Mumbai received an information on were rescued by a merchant ship MT July 5, 2004 about a patient suffering Alcamar on November 4, 2004 and from acute abdominal pain, onboard brought to Galle, Sri Lanka. MV Iran Deyant. The vessel was 66 about 15 NM south west of Mumbai. operation and coordination between Reacting to the urgent nature of Indian Coast Guard and Japanese distress, a helicopter was immedi- Coast Guard with a view to enhance ately launched from Mumbai and the mutual capabilities and practice joint patient was evacuated and admitted working procedures for SAR opera- in Messina Hospital, Mumbai. tions and combating piracy at sea. OVERSEAS DEPLOYMENT 6.18 MV Anatoly Kolesni Chenko: On August 18, 2004, MRCC, Mumbai 6.21 Two Indian Coast Guard ships received a message from MV Anatoly viz., CGS Sarang with integral heli- Kolesni Chenko, a Russian vessel copter and CGS Durgabai requesting medical evacuation of a Deshmukh and one CG Dornier were crew who had severed his left hand deployed to Colombo, Sri Lanka for in an accident onboard. MRSC, New a joint exercise conducted with the Mangalore assumed coordination Sri Lankan Navy between December and C-131 was sailed for medical 14 to 18, 2004. evacuation. The ship entered the inner harbour on August 19, 2004 MANPOWER RECRUITMENT and the patient was evacuated and AND TRAINING taken to AJ Hospital at Mangalore on 6.22 During the financial year 2004- a Coast Guard ambulance. 05, the Coast Guard recruited 16 6.19 MT German Sun: A request officers and 79 enrolled personnel. was received from a German oil Coast Guard officers were also de- tanker MT German Sun for medical puted for the courses under United evacuation of a crew onboard who States International Military Education had met with an accident. A Coast Training Programme. Under this Guard interceptor boat was sailed on September 23, 2004 from New programme, the vacancies in the Mangalore and the crew was evacu- following courses were availed in ated and taken to the hospital. addition to one vacancy under counter FIFTH INDO-JAPAN COAST terrorism funding programme. GUARD JOINT EXERCISE (a) Naval Staff Course

6.20 The Fifth Indo-Japan Coast (b) Boarding Officers Course Guard combined exercise was con- ducted at/off Mumbai from November (c) Port Operations Course 1 to 6, 2004. Japanese Coast Guard (d) Prospective Commanding ship Mizuho with two integral helicop- Officer Course ters participated in the exercise. The aim of the exercise was to promote co- (e) Maritime Search Planning

67 (f) Seaport Security and Anti- at Hyderabad and NDC (National Terrorism Defence College) have also been allotted to the Coast Guard. Govern- (g) International Maritime Officer ment has also approved the intro- Course duction of short service scheme for 6.23 The Coast Guard has also been Commercial Pilot License (CPL) deputing its officers for courses at holders to make up the shortfall in Defence Service Staff College the pilot cadre. Besides these (DSSC) Wellington, College of De- courses, pre-release courses for fence Management (CDM) enrolled personnel are also being Secunderabad and Naval High availed from institutes sponsored by Command Course, Mumbai. This Directorate General, Resettlement year two new courses namely SDMC from this year onwards.

68 7

DEFENCE PRODUCTION

Visitors at the ‘Aero India 2005’

69 DEFENCE PRODUCTION

7.1 The Department of Defence (a) Synergy amongst the Defence Production (DDP) has a substantial Production Units, DRDEs, infrastructure developed over the Services and Private Industry years, consisting of 39 Ordnance for mutual sharing of infrastruc- Factories and 8 Defence Public ture and technologies to har- Sector Undertakings. It also draws ness the best out of the existing upon supplies from the Indian civil/ capacities and also to shorten private sector wherever feasible the time period for the develop- and forms the backbone of the ment of new products and country’s defence production. For induction thereof in the Defence administrative and functional rea- Forces. sons, the Directorate General of Quality Assurance and Aeronautical (b) Modernisation of the existing Quality Assurance and the Director- infrastructure with the objective ate of Standardisation have also of improvement in productivity been placed under the Department and developing versatility for of Defence Production. The genesis diverse product profile; en- of having this intensive infrastruc- hanced utilization of IT based ture under the government control management tools. was to achieve self-reliance in (c) Redefine the role of Quality defence production by independent Assurance, graduate towards India. self-certification by the produc- 7.2 Department of Defence Produc- tion agencies and strengthen tion, by the very nature of the work test laboratories and proof assigned to it, is the interface be- ranges. tween the user services, i.e. the (d) Standardisation: - Graduate to Armed Forces at the one end and the Joint Services Specifications, Defence Research Development increased use of commercially Establishments (DRDEs) at the other. available off-the-shelf (COTS) Accordingly, the vision of the users products. and the DRDEs would be dove- tailed with this role of DDP by taking (e) Increased role of private enter- complete steps for: prise in defence production.

70 (f) Initiatives for enhancing q Garden Reach Shipbuild- exports of products and ers & Engineers Ltd. services: Emphasize buy- (GRSE); backs in defence imports, q Bharat Dynamics Limited pursue joint design and devel- (BDL); opment, co-production, joint q Mishra Dhatu Nigam ventures for producing world Limited (MIDHANI); class products and joint market- ing. iii. Quality Assurance (except naval armament): (g) Restructuring of Ordnance Factories and Defence PSUs to q Directorate General of be able to respond faster to the Quality Assurance emerging needs. (DGQA);

7.3 To achieve these objectives, the q Directorate General of Aeronautical Quality Department of Defence Production Assurance (DGAQA); oversees the following: iv. Directorate of Standardisation; i. Thirty nine Ordnance Factories – one more Ordnance Factory v. Directorate of Planning and is being set up at Nalanda Coordination; (Bihar) – under the Ordnance vi. Defence Exhibition Factory Board (OFB); Organisation (DEO); ii. Eight Defence Public Sector vii. Indigenisation; Undertakings (DPSUs): viii. Private Sector Participation in q Hindustan Aeronautics Defence Production; and Limited (HAL); ix. Defence Production Board. q Bharat Electronics Limited ORDNANCE FACTORIES (BEL); 7.4 Ordnance Factories are an q Bharat Earth Movers integrated base for indigenous pro- Limited (BEML); duction of defence hardware and q Mazagon Dock Limited equipment. Defence production is (MDL); highly specialized, complex and poses unique challenges. Products q Goa Shipyard Limited have to be safe, reliable, consistent (GSL); and capable of operating under

71 varying terrains as well as climates the gradual development of civil and in extreme conditions. Accord- industrial infrastructure in public and ingly, the technologies applied, private sectors, the factories set up which cover a wide spectrum of after independence have progres- engineering, metallurgy, chemical, sively given up the concept of back- textile, leather and optical technolo- ward integration. The emphasis gies, should ensure high quality and shifted from production of basic, productivity, apart from meeting the intermediate inputs to production of primary objective of self-reliance. finished stores by outsourcing inter- Ordnance Factories also fulfil certain mediate sub-assemblies from the requirements of Paramilitary and private sector. Police Forces for arms, ammunition, 7.6 Organisation: Ordnance Fac- clothing and equipment. Ordnance tories are divided into 5 operating Factories endeavour to enhance their divisions, based on the main prod- capacity utilization not only by secur- ucts/technologies employed: ing work load from the defence forces but also through sustained (a) Ammunition & Explosives (A&E) efforts in diversification to non-de- (b) Weapons, Vehicles and Equip- fence customers and exports. ment (WV&E) 7.5 Indian Ordnance Factories (c) Materials and Components Organisation has completed 200 (M&C) years of its existence. The Ordnance Factories Organisation is a fine blend (d) Armoured Vehicles (AV) of old and state-of-the-art factories, (e) Ordnance Equipment Group of with the first Ordnance Factory es- Factories. (OEF) tablished in 1801 at Cossipore, near Kolkata, and the 40th factory being 7.7 The Ordnance Factory Board set up with modern technology at comprises of DGOF & Chairman and Nalanda, Bihar for production of Bi- nine other members. Five Members modular Charges. The 40 Ordnance of the Board in the rank of Additional Factories are geographically distrib- DGOF, head five of the above group uted all over the country at 25 differ- of factories. The four remaining ent locations. The pre-independence Members are responsible for staff factories had capacities not only for functions, viz. Personnel, Finance, production of finished stores but also Planning & Material Management, for supply of basic and intermediate Projects & Engineering and Techni- materials, for which indigenous cal Services. An extended board has industrial infrastructure in the civil been constituted by the Government, sector were then inadequate. With with representation from the Army,

72 Defence Research and Development vehicles, optical and opto-electronic Organisation and Ministry of De- instruments, summer and winter fence. The extended board meetings uniforms, parachutes, miscellaneous are held periodically to provide leather goods and general stores. appropriate inputs and perspective 7.9 Growth: The sales of Ordnance for planning resources, upgrading Factories have grown steadily over technology of products and process the years and have reached a record and on various other critical issues, sale of Rs 6150.29 crore during necessary for the efficient functioning 2004-05, representing an increase of of Ordnance Factory Board (OFB). about 100% over a span of last six 7.8 Product Profile and Techno- years (Rs.3071 crore in 1997-98). In logy: Ordnance Factories continu- 2005-06, the sales of Ordnance ously upgrade their products and the Factories are expected to touch manufacturing technologies, to meet about Rs. 7200 crore. Ordnance the emerging needs of Defence Factories have endeavoured to keep Forces. They produce a wide range of pace with the recent developments in arms and ammunitions for the Infan- arms, ammunition and other equip- try, Artillery, Air Defence Artillery and ment by updating/upgrading techno- Armoured Corps of the Army. Ord- logy. nance Factories produce ammunition for Navy and Air Force and have 7.10 As a policy, major thrust is taken up indigenous development of being given in Ordnance Factories to naval armaments. The factories pro- achieve optimum capacity utilization duce military transport vehicles, not only by securing additional infantry combat vehicles, armoured workload from the Defence Forces

Rifle 5.56 MM INSAS Excalibur

73 but also through sustained efforts in (i) All 39 Ordnance Factories have diversification to non-defence cus- switched over to Quality Man- tomers and exports. Equal thrust is agement Systems compliant to also being given to strengthening ‘in- ISO- 9001:2000. The upgraded house’ R&D capability aimed at version gives special emphasis product and process development on customer satisfaction and within the OFB. continuous quality improve- ment. 7.11 Ordnance Factories are gradu- (ii) Ordnance Factory, Bhandara ally increasing their sales to non- has successfully produced for defence customers, including ex- the first time, a trial propellant ports. During 2004-2005, 15.5% batch of 470 kg. for 23 mm air (Rs.953.65 crore) of the total sales defence gun ‘Schilka’. was to non-defence customers. In 2005-2006, the sales to non-defence (iii) Ordnance Factory Project customers is expected to be much Medak (OFPM) has success- fully developed Aluminium Pod higher at Rs.1325 crore. Assembly, required for storing 7.12 Highlights: Some of the signifi- PINAKA rockets, along with cant achievements of Ordnance Lock Assembly. OFPM is also Factories in last year have been as manufacturing Mine Protected follows: Vehicles with ‘state-of-the-art’

Mine Protected Vehicle with RCWS

74 equipment Remote Controlled Ammunition Factory, Khadki Weapon Station (RCWS) for (AFK). Army and for exports. (ix) Ordnance Parachute Factory, (iv) Gun Carriage Factory, Jabalpur Kanpur will be supplying 5000 has developed the first proto- numbers of Light Bullet Proof type ‘Kavach’ (Chaff launcher) Jackets in near future. for use of Navy and test fired (x) Field Gun Factory, Kanpur successfully. (FGK) has successfully devel- (v) Small Arms Factory, Kanpur has oped Super Rapid Gun Mount manufactured a prototype (SRGM) ordnance required to Carbine. prove the ammunition, under development at Ordnance (vi) Demonstration firing of artillery Factory, Kanpur. FGK has ammunition was conducted successfully developed the successfully at Pokhran in June barrel and breech mechanism, 2004. The ammunition has which was proof-fired success- been manufactured under MoU fully at PXE Balasore. OFB with IMI, Israel, at Ordnance plans to supply this ordnance Factory Chandrapur (OFCH), to Navy and BHEL, as an im- Ordnance Factory Ambajhari port substitute. (OFAJ), and Ordnance Factory 7.13 Self-Certification in Ordnance Kanpur (OFC). The ammunition Factories: Ordnance Factories have developed through co-produc- started the process of self-certifica- tion route will be cheaper. tion since April 1, 2002, thereby, (vii) Significant improvements have standing guarantee to its products been achieved by the Ord- supplied to the Defence Forces. nance Factory, Itarsi in stability Presently, self-certification extends to of Nitroglycerine (NG) on qual- seven fast moving clothing and ity front. With persistent efforts general store items accounting for the “Heat Test Value” has in- about 20% of the overall turnover of creased to 15 minutes (avg.) the Ordnance Equipment Group of factories. Further, twelve clothing from earlier level of 10 to 12 items and four types of ammunition minutes. boxes are also being supplied under (viii) Ordnance Cable Factory, Revised Inspection Procedure where Chandigarh has developed 48/ input material and inter-stage inspec- 0.2 strands twin twisted firing tion is being carried out by Ordnance cable for Mine produced by Factories. Many more items are 75 being planned to be covered under 7.17 Diversification in Civil Trade self-certification in due course of and Exports: Ordnance Factories time. produce a large variety of chemicals for commercial use by industries in 7.14 ‘In-house’ Research & Devel- the civil sector. They also manufac- opment Activities towards Product ture a wide range of textiles, leather & Process improvements are receiv- goods and sporting arms and ammu- ing great thrust in Ordnance Facto- nition for the civil sector. During the ries. Techniques of solid modeling year 2004-05, a target of Rs. 268 and sensitivity analysis are being crores has been set for civil trade. used to meet the design needs of OFB has opened outlets in six facto- defence stores. Some of the notable ries for sale of .32” revolvers and products developed during current pistols. A new sporting weapon year through ‘in-house’ R&D are: .3006" Rifle has been developed, l Armoured Ambulance which will be released in the market after getting clearance from Ministry l Mine Protected Vehicle (MPV) of Home Affairs. l Recoil System for Field Howitzer 7.18 Ordnance Factories are making l Integration of Global Positioning vigorous marketing efforts to boost System in CMT. exports by participating in Interna- tional Exhibitions, product promotion l Driver’s Sight for tanks. through advertisements in the inter- 7.15 A host of new products and national media, interaction with upgrades have also been identified visiting delegations from target based on interaction with the poten- countries, agents and the customer’s tial users. Off the shelf availability of representatives, both in India and technology required to develop these abroad. Product catalogue Compact products/ upgrades is explored for Discs (CDs) that are e-mail-able and having synergy with advance tech- printable, have been developed to nology provider for co-development/ enable customers immediate access co-production. to the desired information. Online Internet site has been set up to cut 7.16 The computerized CAD/ CAM down response time to a few hours. centers (Design centers) are being set up in factories to modernize 7.19 Safety: The safety policy, drawing/ design offices at the facto- reviewed during 1996, was struc- ries so as to enhance the design and tured to make safety standards development capabilities and to more stringent, safety conscious- increase the efficiency in the area of ness in the Ordnance Factories product design and development. with special emphasis on accident 76 prone and hazardous areas. The 7.21 Quality Management: Imple- safety manuals and standing in- mentation of Total Quality Manage- structions were updated to supple- ment (TQM) concepts has been ment safety policies. A disaster given a major thrust in all Ordnance management plan is in existence Factories. All the 39 Ordnance for contingent measures and safety Factories have switched over to committees (central and shop level) Quality Management System con- have been constituted. A three-tier forming to ISO-9001: 2000. 52 safety audit and monitoring system laboratories in 29 Ordnance Facto- ensures strict implementation of the ries are accredited to National Ac- laid down safety norms. Safety creditation Board for Laboratories audits are carried out at level-I by (NABL) and conform to ISO/IEC the factory on monthly basis, at level-II by a team of Safety Officers 17025 new standards. The quality of from other Factories on half yearly product in Ordnance Factories is basis and at Level-III by Regional monitored through various mecha- Controller of Safety (RCS). Rectifi- nisms, such as, working to pre- cation of the deviations reported in determined process schedule and the audit is closely monitored by quality plans, introduction of Statisti- the respective RCS and at Corpo- cal Process Control - Statistical rate level by the Controller of Safety Quality Control techniques for con- (COS)/OFB. trolling the process/ products to- wards improving the products and 7.20 Energy Conservation: Efforts minimizing the rejection in pro- aimed at energy conservation are a cesses, testing in Ordnance Factory continuous process in Ordnance Laboratories, Internal Quality Audits Factories. The conservation mea- and monthly interaction meetings at sures encompass all spheres of unit level with Quality Assurance activities. Economizing energy con- Establishments. sumption is pursued through in- creased efficiency utilization, techno- 7.22 Customer Satisfaction: To get logical upgradation and use of re- feedback from customers, teams newable sources of energy in appro- from Ordnance Factories regularly priate areas. Consequent to the visit depots and forward areas to energy conservation measures attend to customer complaints, adopted by Ordnance Factories, total understand the problems faced by energy consumption in the year the users and also understand their 2003-04, as a percentage of cost of expectations from the products. Joint production, reduced to 3.99% as teams comprising officers from OFB against 4.22% in 2002-03. and DGQA also visit forward areas to 77 get user feedback with a view to 7.25 HAL’s major supplies/ services improve quality of products. are to the IAF, the Navy, the Army, the DEFENCE PUBLIC SECTOR Coast Guard and the BSF. As a spin- UNDERTAKINGS off, Transport aircraft and helicopters have been supplied to Airlines as Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. well as State Governments. The (HAL) company also supports fully the Space Vehicle programme of Indian 7.23 Hindustan Aeronautics Limited Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was formed in October, 1964 by and participates in the missile devel- merger of Hindustan Aircraft Limited opment and manufacture and Aeronautics India Limited. The programme. Company has 16 divisions located in six states. All the divisions of HAL 7.26 In order to meet the challenges have ISO 9001-2000 accreditations of the 21st Century, HAL’s mission is and 12 divisions have also obtained “To become a global player in the ISO 14001-1996 Environment Man- aerospace industry”. The Company agement System certification. HAL is is aiming at expanding its customer a MoU signing company and is base through exports of its indig- declared as Mini Ratna (Category I) enously developed Advanced Light Company. Helicopter (ALH), overhaul and maintenance of military and civil 7.24 Since its inception, Hindustan aircraft, aero-structure & engine Aeronautics Limited has evolved into a large multi-disciplinary Aeronautics components and IT based services. Complex. It has built up comprehen- It also has plans of business co- sive skills in design, manufacture operation and strategic alliances with and overhaul of Fighters, Trainers, major aerospace companies. Helicopters, Transport Aircraft, En- 7.27 Significant achievements of gines, Avionics and System Equip- HAL during the year are highlighted ment. Over the years HAL has pro- below: duced 10 types of aircraft and Ad- (i) The company recorded an all vanced Light Helicopter (ALH) Dhruv from ‘in-house’ R&D and 13 types time high turnover and profit under licenced production, inclusive before tax (PBT) of Rs. 4425 of 8 types of Aero Engines, and over crore and Rs. 630 crore respec- 1000 items of Aircraft System Equip- tively during the year 2004-05. ment (Avionics, Mechanical and (ii) Two SU-30MKI were produced Electrical). for the first time at HAL for IAF. 78 (iii) Upgraded Cheetah Helicopter, well during the year. The indigenous fitted with TM-333-2M2 engine, Advanced Light Helicopter under landed at Sasser Kangri series production and licenced (Ladhakh) at altitude of 25150 production programmes, the SU 30 ft, setting a record. MKI and HAWK AJT, also progressed as per schedule. (iv) ALH (Dhruv) set the record for an intermediate weight class Bharat Electronics Limited helicopter flying at an altitude of (BEL) 25000 ft. 7.29 Having celebrated its Golden (v) Facilities for repair/ overhaul of Jubilee in April 2004, Bharat Elec- Sea King Transmission assem- tronics Limited is the leading profes- bly components set up at sional electronics company in the Bangalore. country. Engaged in the design, (vi) A contract for supply of 1000 development and manufacture of sets of Airbus A-320 forward sophisticated state-of-the-art elec- passenger doors, worth US$ 80 tronics equipment/ components for millions, was signed with Airbus the use of defence services, para- Industries. military organizations and other infrastructure providers in the (vii) The company received the telecom sector; BEL secured top Golden Peacock award for ranking amongst aerospace/ de- “Innovation 2004” from Institute fence companies in the prestigious of Directors, New Delhi for re- Top Performing Companies Study for engining Chetak helicopters. 2004, carried out by Aviation Week & (viii) HAL bagged the “World Quality Space Technology (AWST), a Commitment International McGraw-Hill publication. Platinum Star Award – Paris 7.30 With its 9 production units and 2004”. The award was pre- 31 manufacturing divisions spread sented to HAL in recognition of across 7 states, the company’s focus the corporate commitment to on Research and Development to quality, leadership and innova- generate business using the ‘state- tion in technology. of-the-art’ manufacturing and testing 7.28 The indigenous development facilities, has been recognized. The programmes – namely the Intermedi- company’s subsidiary BEL Optronics ate Jet Training (IJT), the Light Com- Device Limited (BELOP), which bat Aircraft (LCA) and the several manufactures Image Intensifier upgrade programmes progressed Tubes, has also turned around and it

79 is expected to improve its perfor- and RRF VHF Radio Relay mance in the coming years. Equipment (manufactured at Bangalore unit). 7.31 Significant achievements of BEL during the year are highlighted (v) Two joint ventures with General below: Electric, USA, viz., GE-BE Pvt. Ltd and M/s Multitone PLC, UK, (i) BEL has developed Integrated viz., BEL Multitone Ltd. add to Fire Control Systems (IFCS) company’s reach in the market. with sub-systems like Gunner’s Main Sight, Fire control com- (vi) Kotdwara and Panchkula Units puters and servers for the MBT of Bharat Electronics Limited Arjun. were awarded Excellence Award - “Commendation for (ii) BEL has supplied 275 Nos. of Strong Commitment to Excel”. Battlefield Surveillance Radars - Kotdwara Unit is getting this Short Range (BFSR-SR) during award for the second consecu- the year. BEL has also got tive year. order of 1171 Nos. of BFSR-SR from the Indian Army. This (vii) BEL paid an all time high divi- radar has high potential for dend of 100% for the year 2003- exports. 04, amounting to Rs. 60.68 crores to Government of India. (iii) The company’s contribution A maiden Interim Dividend of towards society has been 40% was paid to the sharehold- recognized by the Greentech ers for the year 2004-05. Environment Excellence Gold Award by Greentech Founda- (viii) BEL Software Technology tion and ELCINA Award by Centre in Bangalore, which Electronic and Industries Asso- develops Radars, Electronic ciation of India. Warfare System, Control Sys- tem, Global Positioning System (iv) Director General of Quality etc., has been assessed at Assurance (DGQA) conferred Level 4 of the Software Engi- the self-certification status to neering Institute’s Capability three products of BEL viz. Maturity Model Framework. STARS ‘V’ 25W VHF Equipment (manufactured at Ghaziabad & (ix) During the last six years, BEL Panchkula Units), Lithium has been achieving ‘Excellent’ Sulphur Dioxide Batteries rating on MoU score. The MoU (manufactured at Pune Unit) Award for 2002-2003 was re-

80 ceived from the Hon’ble Prime laboratories and a computer aided Minister of India. design centre. BEML’s products Bharat Earth Movers Limited have been exported to more than 30 (BEML) countries including Syria, Tunisia, South Africa, Jordan, Sri Lanka, 7.32 Bharat Earth Movers Limited Surinam, Bangladesh and UAE. was established in May 1964 and BEML is adopting new strategies to commenced operations from Janu- promote its brand image in the ary 1965. Presently, Government of international market for its products India holds 61.23% of equity capital and is poised to increase its export of the company and the rest is held turnover significantly in the coming by financial institutions, employees years. and public. BEML is primarily en- 7.34 Significant achievements gaged in the design, manufacture, of BEML during the year are high- marketing and after-sales-support in lighted below: the earthmoving and construction equipments, defence and railway (i) The Bangalore Complex of sectors. BEML has crossed a major land mark this year by successfully 7.33 The company has six fully integrated manufacturing divisions manufacturing and supplying to located at Bangalore, Kolar Gold the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Fields (KGF) and Mysore, including a (DMRC), the first batch of metro subsidiary steel foundry – M/s coaches with state-of-the-art Vignyan Industries Limited - at features, under technical col- Tarikere. All the production units of laboration with M/s. Rotem, BEML are equipped with necessary Korea. Regular production of general-purpose machines as well as DMRC coaches is under way. special purpose machines, fabrica- (ii) Development of the Sky Bus tion equipment, handling and stor- System – an innovative concept age facilities required for the manu- of light rail cars suspended facture of an entire range of prod- ucts. The company has a strong from overhead via-ducts was R&D set up that draws its strength another challenging achieve- from a pool of qualified and experi- ment for the company. The first enced personnel. It has facilities for proto type conceived and product design and development, manufactured by BEML was testing and evaluation laboratories supplied to the Konkan Railway for materials, structural engineering, Corporation, and is under hydraulics, engine and transmission extensive user trials at Goa.

81 This innovative system has the (v) The products developed by potential to develop into a BEML include Dump Truck modern, efficient and cost (BH100), Pipe Layer (BP100), effective alternative for urban Side Discharge Loader mass transportation in the (BL10C), Back Hoe Loader coming years. (BL9H) and Hydraulic Excavator (iii) BEML received the second (BE71). These were success- batch of orders for 160 rail fully launched in market during coaches from the Indian Rail- the current year. ways valued at Rs.42 crore, in (vi) The Company received 2nd addition to the supply order for Fastest Growing Construction 200, already received during Equipment Company award the last quarter of 2003-04. institutes by Construction World (iv) Defence product, Pontoon – NICMAR. The Government of Bridge System developed by the India awarded National Safety company, has successfully Award to Equipment Division completed rigorous Army trials Mysore Complex for achieving and batch production of further the lowest average frequency sets is under way. rate of accidents.

Dump Truck

82 Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) yard Limited, has the privilege of having implemented the first suc- 7.35 The leading Warship building yard in the country, Mazagon Dock cessful enterprises planning system Limited was taken over by Govern- amongst the Defence Public Sector ment of India in May 1960. Over the Undertakings. The company has years, it has developed indigenous grown from strength to strength design capabilities and expanded its while setting up new standards in product range to include destroyers, project management. Its delivery of frigates, missile boats, corvettes, two Extra Fast Attack Craft to the submarines and patrol vessels for Indian Navy, six months ahead of the the defence sector and merchant contracted 24 month’s period, is an vessels and dredgers for the civil sector. It is the only shipyard in the indication of what can be achieved. country to have built submarines, a 7.38 Significant achievements of feat achieved by very few companies GSL during the year are highlighted worldwide. MDL has to its credit below: crucial contributions towards infra- structure in the oil exploration sector. (i) One Survival at Sea Training 7.36 Significant achievements of Facility delivered to ONGC. MDL during the year are highlighted (ii) Keels were laid for 1 Advance below: Offshore Patrol Vessel and 2 (i) The Second frigate of Project 17 Extra Fast Patrol Vessel be- was launched on June 4, 2004. tween June and August 2004.

th (ii) 9 Border Out Post Vessel (iii) GSL have entered into collabo- “Seema Prahari Trishul” was ration agreements with four commissioned on June 21, foreign companies for securing 2004. orders/ manufacturing in ship- (iii) Repairs were carried out to 2 building projects. Naval Ships, 1 Coast Guard Ship and 1 merchant ship. (iv) The Company has embarked upon an export promotion drive (iv) The company has orders for through bidding for global construction of 3 Frigates and 3 tenders and participating in Destroyers. exhibitions abroad, seminars Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) and presentations relating to 7.37 The youngest and smallest of shipbuilding capacities of the the Defence shipyards, Goa Ship- company.

83 Garden Reach Shipbuilders latest on the list is new generation and Engineers Limited (GRSE) hovercraft.

7.39 After being taken over by the 7.40 Range of products alone, of Government of India on April 1, 1960, course, does not show GRSE’s Garden Reach Shipbuilders and versatility. Today, it is among the few Engineers Limited has gradually shipyards in the world with its own extended and modernized to im- engineering and engine manufactur- prove its growing maritime needs – ing divisions. particularly those of the Navy and the 7.41 Significant achievements of Coast Guard. GRSE is among the GRSE during the year are high- leading shipyards in the country and lighted below: the premium yard in the East. To meet the emerging needs, GRSE (i) The Company has paid dividend of Rs.10.28 crore being 35% of builds a wide range of ships, from the Profit after tax (8.30% on sophisticated warships to ultra mod- equity paid up capital of ern commercial vessels, from small Rs.123.84 crore) for 2003-04. harbour craft to fast and powerful patrol vessels. India’s first ever fleet (ii) The second Frigate of the tanker too was built at GRSE. The series in Project 16A (INS

Off-shore Patrol Vessel manufactured by GRSE

84 Betwa - Yard No. 3010) was tors. The Company is working in commissioned on July 7, 2004. close association with DRDO for technology absorption of other (iii) The first two Fast Attack Crafts missiles under Integrated Missile (Yard No. 2051 & 2052) were Development Programme. launched on December 11, 2004 and December 14, 2004, 7.43 Significant achievements of respectively. BDL during the year are highlighted below: (iv) The first of the three LST(L) (Yard No. 3014) was launched (i) The Milan, Konkurs, Prithvi and on April 3, 2004. Information Technology Divi- sions of the company have ISO (v) The keels of the 3rd and 4th Fast 9001: 2000 certification. BDL Attack Crafts (FACs) (Yards attaches utmost importance to 2053 & 2054) were laid on customer satisfaction. The September 28, 2004. company regularly participated (vi) The Company has got orders in field firings conducted by the for construction of three Land- users. BDL regularly imple- ing Ship Tank (Large) [LST(L)], ments various improvements in four Fast Attack Crafts (FACs) manufacturing process, inspec- and four Anti-Submarine War- tion procedures regards. Effi- fare (ASW) Corvettes, sched- ciency in the process has uled for delivery during 2005- increased by way of computer- 2011. ization. These have resulted in increasing value addition, per Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) employee, steadily.

7.42 BDL was set up in 1970 to (ii) As part of its efforts to increase manufacture Guided missiles. It is exports, BDL has exported sub- amongst a few strategic industries in assemblies worth Rs.13.76 the public sector and possesses the crore in 2003-2004. capability to produce advanced Guided Missile systems. The Com- (iii) It has signed an MoU with pany has two units, one at MBDA for formation of joint Kanchanbagh, Hyderabad and the ventures for development and other at Bhanur, Medak District. production of Milan ER/Indian. Besides the indigenous Prithvi mis- Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited sile, it produces Konkurs, Konkurs-M (MIDHANI) and Invar (3UBK-20) missiles and other ‘in-house’ developed products 7.44 Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited like FLAME launchers and simula- was incorporated as a Public Sector 85 Undertaking in 1973 to achieve self- Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre reliance in areas of Super-alloys, (VSSC) to the tune of Rs. 71 Titanium alloys and Special Purpose crore during the year for the Steels required for strategic sectors manufacture of MDN 250 plates like Aeronautics, Space, Armaments and rings, Superco sheets and and Atomic Energy as well as for Ti-31 plates. special products like Molybdenum (v) Production and supply, for the wires and plates, Titanium and Stain- first time, of low alloy electrode less Steel tubes, alloys for electrical of 5 dia. x 450 m length meet- and electronic application like Soft ing all the specification require- Magnetic alloys, Controlled expan- ments and quality parameters sion alloys and Resistance alloys. of the Indian Navy. 7.46 Significant achievements of (vi) Production of 48XN4 grade BDL during the year are highlighted electrodes, meeting all the below: requirements of Directorate of (i) Based on the provisional fig- Navel Architecture (DNA) for ures, the company has welding of ABA class steels. achieved an “Excellent” MoU (vii) Successful establishment/ rating for its overall perfor- development of ‘in-house’ mance in 2003-04. facility for proof testing of Air (ii) The Purchase Policy and Proce- Bottles for supply to DRDL for dures that have been in vogue Akash Project, with provision for since 1983 have been thor- strain gauging. oughly examined and revised (viii) MIDHANI has obtained quality keeping in view guidelines certification for its products issued by Chief Vigilance Com- from DGCA, DGAQA, DGQA mission from time to time and and customers. has been promulgated with effect from April 1, 2004. 7.47 Operational Efficiency: Fol- lowing measures were taken to (iii) The company, jointly with ISRO, improve the operational efficiency: has developed NIOBHAT-101, a Niobium Hafnium alloy, for the (i) Indigenous development, space sector. installation and commissioning of dynamic vacuum seal for (iv) The Company bagged a presti- Vacuum Arc Refining-I furnace gious high value order from in Titanium shop.

86 (ii) Replacement of mechanical (ii) Stainless Steel 15-5 PH for LCA variable speed drive in ‘Amada’ Program band saw cutting machine at Hot Rolling Mill, with indigenous (iii) Ultra High Strength and High electronic variable speed drive. Toughness Steel for armour applications (iii) Indigenous development of electronic controls for 2 Hi- (iv) Grade 91 SMAW electrodes for finishing mills at Hot Rolling Mill critical welding applications entry and exit. (v) High toughness Ferritic Stain- (iv) Indigenous development of less Steel for Nuclear applica- cutting and clamping hydraulic tions. drive cylinders for hydraulic Sales Of Ordnance Factories sheet shear machine at Hot And Defence PSUs Rolling Mill.

(v) The total import content in the 7.49 The total value of sales/ issues value of production was 25% as by Ordnance Factories and Defence compared to 30% in the previ- Public Sector Undertakings during ous year thereby increasing the the last three years is as follows:-

Year Ordnance Factories Public Sector Undertakings (Rupees in crore) Total Sales Total Sales Grand Total 2002-2003 6508.05 8788.31 15296.36 2003-2004 6523.87 9892.73 16416.60 2004-2005 6150.30 11120.38 17270.68 (Prov)

indigenous content in the value 7.50 Defence Public Sector Under- of production. takings and Ordnance Factories have exported items worth US $ (vi) Recycling of scrap obviating the 68.342 million for the year 2004-05. purchase of virgin raw materials valued at Rs 13.76 crore as INDIGENISATION compared to Rs 10.78 crore in 7.51 In the quest for self-reliance in the previous year. the crucial sector of Defence, continu- 7.48 Following are new products/ ous efforts are being made to indigenise defence equipment wher- grades taken up for development ever technologically feasible and during the year 2004-05: economically viable. It has been a (i) Nitriding Steel 38xMUAW for part of our indigenisation effort to MIG engine Program locate and develop broad-based 87 indigenous supply sources both in rank of Major General/Brigadier or the public sector as well as in the civil equivalent. These committees main- trade for many complicated and tain a compendium of civil industries intricate equipment. There has been a capable of undertaking the task of complete paradigm shift in the role of indigenisation of defence equipment/ private sector/ civil trade in the field of stores after conducting surveys and indigenisation, i.e., from the role of assessing their capabilities. After supplier of raw-materials, compo- identifying items in consultation with nents, sub-systems, to a partner in the user services for indigenisation the manufacture of complete defence and keeping in view the commercial equipment/ system. The defence viability and the strategic needs, industry sector, which was hitherto these Committees undertake reserved for the public sector, has indigenisation and ensure timely now been opened for participation by supply of defence equipment/ stores. the Indian Private sector. The Indian During the year 2003-2004, supply companies are now eligible to apply orders of Rs. 210.81 crore for ab- for licence to set up defence industry initio development and indigenisation for manufacturing all types of defence of 1101 items were placed. During equipment under licence. Such 2004-2005, 709 items have been companies could also have foreign taken up for development valuing Rs. direct investment, upto 26% of the 6.94 crore. Since February 2002, equity. Detailed guidelines have production agencies like Ordnance already been issued by the Depart- Factories, Defence PSUs, have taken ment of Industrial Policy & Promo- over responsibility of indigenisation tion (DIPP) in consultation with of equipment under their manufactur- Ministry of Defence regarding the ing range. modalities for consideration of 7.53 For ensuring enhanced and applications for grant of licence. meaningful interaction, conferences/ Today, the private sector can manu- exhibitions are held from time to time facture any defence item under with civil industry. During the year licence from DIPP. 2003-2004, 16 exhibitions-cum- Vendor Awareness Programmes, 7.52 For indigenisation of the spares with DGQA participation were held at of the Defence Equipment, an institu- various locations all over the country. tional framework has been in exist- During 2004-2005, 9 such ence in the form of 8 Technical Com- programmes have been held. mittees, consisting of officers from the Directorate General of Quality 7.54 In order to encourage civil Assurance. Each Committee is industry for indigenous development headed by a Technical Officer of the of Defence stores, a scheme of 88 National Awards for excellence in changes required to facilitate Ord- indigenisation was introduced in the nance Factories and Defence PSUs year 1993-94. The efforts made by to assume the role of designer and the industry in substituting the inputs integrator of large defence equip- of defence equipment and stores are ment and platforms. duly recognized and deserving units OTHER ORGANISATIONS IN are presented with suitable awards. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE 7.55 After the opening up of the PRODUCTION Defence Industry Sector for private Directorate General Aeronau- participation, 22 Letters of Intent/ tical Quality Assurance(DGAQA) Industrial Licences have been issued upto 31.3.2005 to the private compa- 7.57 The DGAQA has its Headquar- nies for manufacturing various types ters at New Delhi with Resident of Defence Equipment. Companies Inspection Establishments at various such as Larsen and Toubro Ltd., production centers in the country, Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd., TIL Ltd viz. Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, and Automotive Coaches & Compo- Bharat Electronics Limited, Indian nents Ltd. have obtained Letters of Telephone Industries, MIDHANI, Intent to enter the Defence Industry ECIL, Bangalore and also at various Sector as full fledged manufacturers Ordnance Factories engaged in the and suppliers of Defence equipment. production of Air Armament stores and Airfield Lighting equipment. 7.56 A Committee under the Chair- manship of Dr. Vijay Kelkar has also 7.58 Missile System Quality Assur- been constituted in the Department ance Agency (MSQAA), comprising of Defence Production to examine of officers from DGAQA, DGQA & and make recommendations on Directorate of Naval Armament changes required in the procedure of Inspection (DNAI), set up during acquisition/ procurement of Defence 1991-92 to provide quality assurance equipment. The Committee would coverage during development and suggest an approach based on production, and functions under the “Product Strategy” and suggest administrative control of Director modalities for integration of user General Aeronautical Quality Assur- services, Ministry of Defence and the ance (DGAQA). Apart from being Indian Industry (including Private the nodal agency, DGAQA is provid- Sector). The Committee would fur- ing quality coverage for all primary ther suggest measures to increase systems of IGMDP projects. The role Defence exports, incorporation of of MSQAA has been extended to offsets in Defence acquisition and provide quality assurance coverage

89 for non-IGMDP Missiles projects like (iii) Intermediate Jet Trainer SF&D and PJ-01 Brahmos. (IJT-36)

7.59 During the year 2004-05 suc- (iv) Advanced Light Helicopter cessful flight trials were carried out in (ALH) respect of Prithvi, Trishul, Nag, 7.61 Organisation Improvement Akash, Agni, Brahmos, AD and Astra Programmes are: Missile system. (a) Specifications/ drawings are 7.60 Major activities, for the period being updated to include addi- April 2004 to Oct 2004 are: tional essential features/ re- quirements of users, based on (a) Value of Aeronautical Stores their feedback reports. A Com- inspected - Rs.4230 crore. puter-aided Design & Drafting (b) Technical Committee is pro- (CADD) system has been in- cessing the indents for indig- stalled and commissioned in enous development of stores, the Drawing Office at the Head- details are as under: quarters.

Sl. No. Stores Qty on Order Unit Price (in Rs.) Value (Rs. in lakh) 1 Cover outer Main Wheel 400 5000 20 2 Nose Tyre 250 3000 10 Outer Rigger 400 4000 12 3 Automatic Inflatable 200 16065 32.13 life jacket

(c) Active participation in IGMDP (b) Greater emphasis is being laid projects like Prithvi/ Akash/ on quality surveillance affected Trishul Missiles, both as the through the periodic Quality overall Nodal Agency and Audits conducted in the various Quality Assurance Agency for most major systems. areas of production/ overhaul facilities. (d) DGAQA is actively associated in the QA of the following sophisti- (c) DGAQA has actively partici- cated indigenous projects:- pated in the Aero India-2005 (i) Light Combat Aircraft Exhibition Show wherein aero- (LCA) TEJAS nautical stores developed (ii) Kaveri engine for TEJAS under the guidance of DGAQA (LCA) were displayed.

90 Directorate General of Quality stores inspected during the last Assurance (DGQA) three years is given below: -

7.62 Directorate General of Quality Year Value of stores Assurance is an Inter-Service Organi- inspected zation working under the Department (Rs. in crore) of Defence. DGQA is responsible for 2002-2003 16001 Quality Assurance of all defence 2003-2004 14692 stores and equipment, both imported 2004-2005 13137 and indigenous, for the Army, Navy (Upto 31.1.2005) (excluding Naval Armaments) and (b) Quality Assurance of Im- common user items for the Air Force ported Equipment: DGQA is procured from all sources viz Private performing a vital role in in- Sector, Public Sector Undertakings spection of Imported Equip- and Ordnance Factories. It has, ment and Weapon Systems therefore, a vital role to play in the being acquired by the Armed defence preparedness of the country. Forces. 7.63 Organisational Structure and (c) Self-Certification: DGQA Functions: DGQA Organisation is Organisation has been award- divided into seven Technical Director- ing Self-Certification status to ates, each of which is responsible for quality conscious firms/ manu- a distinct range of equipment. The facturers who have well estab- Technical Directorates are vertically lished Quality Management structured in three-tiers for functional purposes, comprising their respec- System and demonstrate tive Headquarters, Controllerates, consistent product quality Field Quality Assurances Establish- during the execution of succes- ments and Proof Establishments (in sive Defence Supply Orders. case of Armament Discipline only). 52 firms have been awarded The tasks performed by them are Self-Certification status so far. complementary and are integrated to (d) Training Initiatives: The De- achieve maximum efficiency. fence Institute of Quality Assur- 7.64 The major achievements of ance, Bangalore, has been DGQA are as follow: - training DGQA personnel in the (a) Inspection of Stores: DGQA field of Quality Assurance, ensures that stores are ac- Management/ Human Resource cepted strictly as per laid down Development and Information specifications and performance Technology. Courses have parameters. The value of been conducted for Services

91 and personnel from Outside (iii) Entry Control. Organizations like Defence 7.66 Standardisation activities are PSUs and OFB. Details of done through 13 Standardisation Officers trained in the last 2 Sub–Committees, Panels/ Working years are as follow: Groups under these Sub–Commit- Year DGQA Other tees, several Specialist Technical Organisations Panels (STP) and Defence Equip- 2003-2004 391 92 ment Codification Committee 2004-2005 449 90 (DECC). Directorate of Standardisation 7.67 Achievements: Directorate of Standardisation has achieved the 7.65 Directorate of Standardisation following tasks during the year 2004- was constituted in 1962 with the 2005: objective to control proliferation of items within Defence Services. Nine (i) The Five Year Roll-on-Plan Standardisation Cells and six De- (2004-09) was introduced. tachments have been located at (ii) The number of standard docu- Nodal Stations in the country to give ments prepared during the year boost to the standardisation activity. 2004-05 was 765 as against the The primary objective of the Director- target of 658. ate of Standardisation is to establish commonality in equipment and 7.68 Codification and Catalogu- components among the three Ser- ing: 13,527 items were codified and vices so that the overall inventory of 7810 items were updated during the Defence Services is reduced to a 2004-05. minimum. This objective is sought to 7.69 Entry Control: (i) 356 state- be achieved through: - ment of cases for introductions, (i) Preparation of Standardisation scaling and declaring the items documents such as Joint Ser- obsolescent/ obsolete have been vices Specifications, Joint cleared upto March 31, 2005. Services Preferred Ranges, (ii) 323 Departmental Specifica- Joint Services Rationalized Lists, Joint Services Guides, tions were uploaded on the website Joint Services Policy State- thus a total of 2108 Departmental ments and Joint Services Quali- specifications have been loaded on tative Requirements; website upto March 31, 2005.

(ii) Codification and Cataloguing of 7.70 Information Technology: The Defence Inventory official website of the Directorate has 92 been upgraded by the Centre for 1964 with the primary objective of Advanced Computing & System preparing overall plans for the pro- Application (COCOSA) Group of duction of defence equipment in the Directorate of Standardisation with country. The Directorate is respon- the development of Web based sible for monitoring and implemen- online software in Oracle 9i for ac- tation of major indigenisation cessing the information on codifica- projects being pursued by the tion by all the cells. In addition, six Ordnance Factories like the Arjun leased line channels have been and T-90 Main Battle Tanks, product established connecting all Defence improvement of various artillery Standardisation Cells and Detach- guns and armoured vehicles, aug- ments across the country. mentation of overhauling capacity of tanks and engines. Development 7.71 Training: The Institute of Stan- programme of armaments for the dards Training, Pune, conducts army and navy are other key activi- courses on Standardisation, Codifi- ties of the Directorate. The Director- cation, Management Development ate also monitors the critical programme, Total Quality Manage- projects in the electronics sector for ment and Database Management the three services. System. The Institute has conducted 13 courses/ capsule during the year 7.73 The Directorate is the nodal 2004-05 in the following areas: point in the Department of Defence (i) Networking Metropolitan Area Production for international coopera- Network (MAN) and LINUX. tion in defence production and defence exports. The Directorate (ii) Basics of e-Governance and supports the Export wing of the Information Security. Department during its deliberations (iii) Orientation, foundation and with the various Bi-lateral Defence capsule course on Policy Groups and Joint Working Standardisation and Codifica- Groups with other countries. tion. 7.74 The Directorate coordinates (iv) Database orientation within the Department of Defence course. Production the interaction with the Directorate of Planning & Integrated Defence Staff Headquar- Coordination ters, regarding classification of the respective capital acquisition plans 7.72 The Directorate of Planning of the three Services into “BUY”, and Coordination was set up in “BUY” & “MAKE” and “MAKE”

93 categories. The Directorate serves displayed at the pavilion. In addi- as the secretariat for the Defence tion, the Armed Forces, Directorate Production Board, which is charged General of Quality Assurance with the function of monitoring (DGQA), Coast Guard and the progress emanating out of all National Cadet Corps (NCC) are “MAKE” decisions taken by the also represented in the exhibition. Defence Acquisition Council (DAC). 7.77 As a part of export promotion It also assists the DAC to arrive at effort, DEO organises international optimum decisions regarding li- defence exhibitions in India and co- cence production, transfer of tech- ordinates participation of DPSUs in nology (TOT) and ab-initio produc- exhibitions abroad. During the finan- tion/ development. cial year, DEO coordinated participa- 7.75 The Directorate represents the tion of the DPSUs in the Africa Aero- Department for Defence Production space & Defence (AAD-04) in in the General Staff Equipment Policy Pretoria, South Africa from Septem- Committee, Standardisation Commit- ber 21 to 23, 2004. For the first time, tee, Task Forces and various moni- two private sector companies also toring committees. participated as part of the India Defence Exhibitions Pavilion. Organisation (DEO) International Aerospace Exposition - AERO INDIA 7.76 The Defence Exhibitions Organisation, established in 1981, 7.78 Conceived as an event to pro- is primarily responsible for vide an interface for exhibitors to organising and coordinating De- promote and showcase their prod- ucts to leaders in the aerospace fence exhibitions in India and industry, Aero India is now one of the abroad. It maintains the permanent premier expositions of the sector in Defence Pavilion at the Pragati the region. It provides for its partici- Maidan, New Delhi, which peaks pants, opportunities for meaningful out during India International Trade collaborations and interactions with Fair (IITF) held every year from global players. November 14 to 27. Products 7.79 The fifth International Aero- manufactured/ developed by Ord- space Exposition – AERO INDIA nance Factories, Defence Public 2005 was held at Yelahanka, near Sector Undertakings (DPSUs) & Bangalore, from February 9 to 13, Defence Research and Develop- 2005. This time the show was spread ment Organisation (DRDO) are over a larger area and a more 94 number of countries/ companies 7.81 The International Seminar on participated in the show. 32 Delega- “Aerospace Technology – Develop- tions from 29 countries visited during ment and Strategies” was organized Aero India-2005. by DRDO from February 7 to 9, 2005 7.80 A new hangar with annexes has at Jnana Jyothi Auditorium, Banga- been constructed at Air Force Sta- lore. The Aero India Civil Aviation tion, Yelahanka (AFSY) at a cost of Seminar was organized by the CII on Rs. 1108.69 Lakh. The entire length February 10, 2005. This seminar in of the runway at AFSY has been the backdrop of better a perfor- mance by Indian aviation industry resurfaced at a total cost of and covered issues like the Indian Rs.13,52,47,951.22. In addition, the aviation scenario, Airports and route runway has been extended up to network, co-relation of defence and 8000 ft as part of overall long term civil aviation sectors, impact of low plan of extension of runway upto cost airlines on domestic aviation 9000 ft. The exposition registered a growth and lessons of international significant increase in terms of par- best practices. ticipation by the Indian companies (100%), foreign companies (32%) 7.82 Following are the details of and the overall exhibition areas investment, value of production & (35%) as compared to Aero India sales and profits after tax of eight 2003. Defence Public Sector Undertakings.

INVESTMENT (Rs in Crore) Name of 2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 the PSUs Equity Govt. loans Equity Govt. loans Equity Govt. loans HAL 120.50 - 120.50 - 120.50 - BEL 80.00 - 80.00 - 80.00 - BEML 36.87 - 36.87 - 36.87 - MDL 199.20 - 199.20 - 199.20 - GRSE 123.84 - 123.84 - 123.84 - GSL 19.40 - 19.40 - 19.40 - BDL 115.00 - 115.00 - 115.00 - MIDHANI 137.34 - 137.34 - 137.34 - TOTAL 832.15 - 832.15 - 832.15 -

95 WORKING RESULTS VALUE OF PRODUCTION AND SALES

(Rs in Crore) Name of 2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 (Prov) the PSUs Value of Value of Value of Value of Value of Value of Production Sales Production Sales Production Sales HAL 3477.84 3120.42 3756.14 3799.78 5332.42 4425.00 BEL 2536.39 2508.02 2807.83 2798.59 3305.00 3268.00 BEML 1740.16 1681.17 1691.86 1765.75 1860.04 1862.21 MDL 539.52 569.27 495.77 191.00 450.00 77.39 GRSE 523.09 153.69 486.90 390.76 460.21 868.74 GSL 232.14 386.50 200.83 296.92 152.00 24.00 BDL 330.38 277.72 522.47 524.80 489.37 463.75 MIDHANI 93.50 91.52 116.42 125.13 136.52 131.29 TOTAL 9473.02 8788.31 10078.22 9892.73 12185.56 11120.38

PROFIT AFTER TAX (Rs. in crore) Name of the PSUs 2003-2004 2004-2005 (Prov.) HAL 409.79 428.90 BEL 316.10 451.00 BEML 24.17 172.57 MDL 7.92 8.26 GRSE 29.30 24.67 GSL 31.88 8.20 BDL 47.61 22.50 MIDHANI 6.89 5.40 TOTAL 872.66 1120.50

96 8

DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

LCA Tejas in flying formation

97 DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

8.1 Defence Research and Devel- there is a mission-mode structure opment Organisation (DRDO) was headed by the Scientific Adviser to set up in 1958 by amalgamating the Raksha Mantri, who is the Secretary, then existing Technical Development Department of Defence Research Establishments (TDEs) of the Indian and Development and also the Army and the Directorate of Techni- Director General, Research and cal Development and Production Development. (DTDP) with the Defence Science ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE Organisation (DSO). The activities of DRDO laboratories encompass R&D 8.3 Under the Department of De- in high technology disciplines like fence R&D, DRDO headquarters is aeronautics, armaments, electronics, organised into technical directorates combat vehicles, engineering sys- and corporate directorates. The tems, instrumentation, missiles, technical directorates address a advanced computation and simula- specific technology area. These tion, special materials, naval systems directorates facilitate the laboratories and life sciences. Defence R&D working in the specific technology Organisation is dedicated to the area under a single window system formulation and execution of and help in obtaining approvals for programmes on design & develop- new programmes/projects and ment of the state-of-the-art weapon facilitate monitoring and review of the systems and equipment for the on-going projects. The corporate Armed forces. directorates on the other hand ad- MISSION dress the well defined functions such as personnel, human resource devel- 8.2 A separate Department of De- opment, material management, fence Research and Development, planning & coordination, manage- was formed in 1980, within the Minis- ment services, Rajbhasha, try of Defence, dedicated to the Organisation and Methods (O&M), mission of progressive enhancement budget, finance & accounts, security of self reliance in defence systems & vigilance, civil works and estates and development of world class and extramural research. Recruit- defence technologies. To facilitate ment & Assessment Centre and the accomplishment of this mission, Personnel Assessment Centre 98 undertake new inductions and as- a regular basis through an sessment on periodic basis for institutionalised mechanism. There is promotions of scientists and techni- an in-house apex level body called cal staff for all laboratories and head- ‘DRDO Research Council’, chaired quarters of DRDO under Defence by Scientific Adviser to Raksha Research Development Service Mantri, to review progress of major cadre and Defence Research Techni- projects of all the laboratories once a cal cadre respectively. year. In addition, a high level commit- 8.4 The programmes and projects, tee also carries out corporate reviews undertaken by DRDO, are executed covering techno-managerial aspects. through a network of fifty R&D labo- The staff projects for Army are re- ratories/establishments. These labo- viewed by the Vice Chief of Army ratories are situated all over India Staff, twice a year. For all major from Tezpur in the East to Jodhpur in programmes/projects, there are the West and Leh in the North to multi-tier ‘programme management Kochi in the South. boards’, having representation from the Services, DRDO laboratories and MONITORING AND REVIEW in some cases, from academic insti- MECHANISM tutions and other national research 8.5 The mission mode laboratories. These Programme programmes/ projects are executed Management Boards periodically in close partnership with user ser- monitor and review the programmes vices. In order to harness the best and give mid-course corrective available resources in terms of directions. talent, expertise and resources, 8.7 DRDO is involving users in DRDO interacts with defence public project peer reviews, project sector undertakings, academic progress reviews to cut short delays institutions, research laboratories and to know their views in advance and private entrepreneurs, to ex- including General Staff Qualitative ecute its projects and programmes. Requirements and also to continu- The ‘concurrent engineering’ ap- ously monitor the projects. Cluster proach is followed in technology- meetings are arranged with repre- intensive projects to reduce the sentations of all concerned agencies. time-lag between development and To bring in synergy between devel- ‘productionisation’ of weapon sys- oping agencies/laboratories, user tems & platforms. services and production agencies, 8.6 DRDO is monitoring and re- interaction meetings with private viewing programmes and projects on industries through their apex bodies 99 like FICCI, CII and ASSOCHAM are l Mihir - Helicopter based dunk- also organised. ing sonar

CONTRIBUTION OF DRDO TO l Nagan – Towed array sonar SERVICES l AERV - Armoured Engineer 8.8 The Organisation has made Recce Vehicle for crossing great strides since 1980 towards water obstacles making our Armed Forces self reliant. l Bridge layer tank on T-72 chas- On the one hand this has enabled sis our Armed Forces to face the arms export control regimes of advanced l Ajeya - Combat improved T-72 countries, whereas on the other tank hand, DRDO has progressively l Sarvatra - Bridge assault me- enhanced their combat effectiveness chanically launched through development of state-of-the- art indigenous defence systems. l Mat ground surfacing, a track- During last few years, a number of way expedient for smooth defence systems and equipment has movement in marshy terrain, shallow water and soft soil been productionised. These include : l Mobile decontamination system l Lakshya - Pilotless target air- for decontaminating nuclear, craft (aerial target practice biological and chemical agents system) and personnel, equipment and l Nishant - Remotely piloted terrain vehicle (for aerial surveillance) l Safari [Mk-I] - Muting system for l Prithvi - Surface-to-surface deactivating remotely controlled tactical battlefield missile explosive device l Agni-I & Agni-II - Surface-to- l Pinaka - Multibarrel rocket surface missile system l BrahMos - Supersonic cruise l Armoured ambulance on BMP II missile l Carrier mortar tracked on BMP II l Arjun - Main Battle Tank l 105 mm and 81 mm illuminat- l Sangraha - Integrated EW ing ammunition system for Navy l 125 mm ammunition, Fin l Samyukta- Integrated EW stabilised armour piercing system for Army discarding sabot Mk-I&II 100 l INSAS - 5.56 mm Indian small l De-gaussing and acoustic arms system ranges for measurement of noise and magnetic signature l Tranquil - Radar warning re- of naval ships ceiver for MiG 23 aircraft l Humsa – Hull mounted sonar l Tempest - Radar warning re- system ceiver and self protection jam- mer for MiG aircraft l Ushus sonar system l Catch - Airborne signal intelli- l Processor based moored mine gence systems and processor based exercise mine l Command information decision support system l Advanced torpedos / Light weight torpedo l Combat net radio l Sectel - Speech secrecy tele- l Sansar - Bulk secrecy equip- phone ment with high grade digital l secrecy 3D central acquisition & surveil- lance radar l Samvahak - Artillery combat l Weapon locating radar command and control system l BFSR-SR : Battle field surveil- l Mission computer for Jaguar lance radar - short range. l Mission computer, display PROGRESS MADE IN R&D processor and RWR for Sukhoi PROGRAMMES/PROJECTS aircraft DURING THE YEAR l Aircraft arrester barrier 8.9 Maiden flight of technology l Bheema - Aircraft weapon demonstrator (TD1) of Light Combat trolley Aircraft (LCA) ‘Tejas’ took place on l Relocatable balloon barage January 4, 2001 at Bangalore. Since system then, two technology demonstrators and a prototype vehicle (PV1) of LCA l Parachutes for various types of are undergoing flight testing. The aircrafts second technology demonstrator l Avalanche victim detector (TD2), joined testing programmes on June 6, 2002. The reduced weight l Meals-ready-to-eat etc. standard LCA prototype vehicle l Data concentrator (PV1) joined the testing fleet on 101 November 25, 2003. Till December 8.11 The spin-off project ‘’Kaveri 2004, Tejas had completed 321 flight Marinisation” has been taken up and tests including supersonic flights. detailed design of the sub-systems The equipping of the fourth Tejas had been completed. Kaveri Marine aircraft (PV2) is under progress, Gas Generator Testing commenced which is the production standard and on April 9, 2004 and achieved re- is likely to start flying shortly. Design peatability in light up within 4-6 activities on trainer variant LCA seconds and acceleration to idle (PV5), ensuring commonality with speed. Performance at idle speed LCA (Navy) are being progressed. was comparable with design intent. It The production arrangements to has generated about 8 Mega-Watt support induction of aircraft are also power. The engine has completed 7 hours of testing in the first build and being planned in parallel, at HAL. has run upto 100% rpm on Novem- Initial Operational Clearance of the ber 10, 2004. Tejas will be obtained by 2007. 8.12 Lakshya – a pilotless target 8.10 Kaveri engine has undergone aircraft, has an aerial target system development test of more than remotely operated from ground to 1300 hours at Gas Turbine Re- provide aerial target for training of search Establishment and has gun and missile crew to air defence successfully completed phase I and pilots for training of all the three II of high altitude testing at M/s services. Five Lakshyas under the CIAM, Russia. First HAL manufac- limited series production (LSP) tured engine K6 has run to maxi- scheme, were handed over to Indian mum capacity. The compressor Air Force in 2001-02. They have surge margin was also demon- conducted more than 32 flights. strated in testing of core engine Three Lakshya have also been deliv- (C4) during June 2004. Conversion ered to the Navy. Navy has con- of current K9 series engines to ducted a total of fourteen flights. interim flight standard is presently Lakshyas have also been handed under progress at GTRE, so as to over to Army and in-service cam- integrate it with LCA by December paigns are being assisted by DRDO. 2006. Government has further sanctioned Rs 2800 crore for Kaveri 8.13 Defence Avionics Research engine programme for all the three Establishment (DARE), Bangalore, a variants of LCA and efforts are laboratory of DRDO, has made rapid being made to realise the configu- progress in the areas of airborne ration of Kaveri Engine for produc- electronic warfare, airborne proces- tion release by 2007. sors and testing and evaluation of 102 electronic warfare (EW) systems. The Air Borne Systems (CABS), Banga- laboratory has designed and devel- lore. Development of one laboratory oped radar warning and EW suites prototype and one engineering for various fighter aircraft of MiG prototype with operational AEW&C variants, Jaguar and Sea Harrier, to systems capability is envisaged. enhance their survivability and mis- Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), sion accomplishment. These sys- academic institutions and private tems are under manufacture at firms are participating in the develop- Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL). ment activities. Lightning test facility DARE has also pioneered indig- has also been established at CABS, enous development in the area of where systems of indigenous mission avionics which include programmes like Tejas, Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH), Intermediate mission computer for LCA, SU-30 Jet Trainer (IJT) and Saras have and Jaguar aircraft which have been been successfully tested. developed and delivered in required quantities. 8.16 Aerial Delivery Research and Development Establishment 8.14 Centre for Military Airworthiness (ADRDE), a DRDO laboratory at and Certification (CEMILAC) estab- Agra, has supplied and installed 4 lished in 1994, functions from Banga- sets of aircraft arrester barriers (20 lore, and is a nodal point for certifica- ton class), as a part of an IAF indent. tion and airworthiness clearance of Pilot parachutes (for different types military aircraft and airborne sys- of IAF aircraft), brake parachute for tems. There are fourteen regional MiG-29 (high altitude version) and centres for military airworthiness weapon delivery parachutes were (RCMA) spread all over the country developed/delivered. A state-of-the- and are located at various divisions art combat free fall parachute system of HAL, R&D establishments and has been developed. For the first Base Repair Depots (BRDs) to en- time, ADRDE, Agra, has developed a sure concurrent airworthiness during parachute recovery and floatation design, manufacture and overhaul of system for recovery of the re-entry aircraft and its systems. CEMILAC capsule for space recovery experi- carries out the design evaluation and ment programme of ISRO. The system has proven itself during airworthiness certification at par with various phases of trials, like dummy similar organisations world wide. drops from AN-32 aircraft, high 8.15 Airborne Early Warning and altitude trials from helicopter with Control (AEW&C) Programme cost- actual capsule weight. The final and ing Rs. 2000 crore has been sanc- complete system trial is planned in tioned by Government to Centre for December 2005. 103 8.17 Trishul is a low level quick ments of IAF, the range of Trishul has reaction surface-to-air missile for all been enhanced. the three Services. During 2003-04, 8.18 Flights of Akash, air-to-air seven consecutive successful flight weapon system with warheads in tests were conducted, amply demon- missions against single targets, strating the accuracy of the guidance have been conducted successfully. system. The landmark achievement was total destruction of a remotely Subsequently, simultaneous multi- piloted aircraft target through detona- target engagement capability of tion of warhead on March 25, 2004. Akash weapon system was also The production version of launcher demonstrated against two live tar- and radar vehicle ‘Trishul ground gets. Consistent performance of electronics and radar vehicle’ propulsion, control and guidance (TGERV) for Air Force has been systems has been demonstrated in realised. The TGERV has been the last ten consecutive flight trials. upgraded during the last few months Group control centre has been and maiden flight using these pro- realised. The missile and various duction version of ground systems ground systems have been sourced was successfully conducted on from production work centres in September 15, 2004. As per require- public and private sector. The qual-

Akash missile system on Display at Aero India 2005

104 ity requirements for these systems 8.22 Processor for Aerodynamic have been finalised. Computation and Evaluation (PACE++), a 128-node parallel 8.19 Nag, the third generation anti- processing system has been de- tank guided missile has undergone signed by ANURAG, a laboratory of five guided flight tests during the DRDO, for Indian Institute of Science year 2004. One flight test con- (IISc), Bangalore. It was dedicated ducted on October 11, 2004 was in to the nation by the President of full operational configuration with India, in January 2004 at IISc, Ban- live warhead. Performance of the galore. An indigenous desktop target acquisition system was also computer has been realised based conclusively established during the on general-purpose microprocessor, year. Development of prototype called Abacus. A 16-node Abacus ALH-Nag launcher has been com- processor based prototype parallel pleted. processing system has also been developed. 8.20 Agni-I and Agni-II, medium 8.23 After the successful develop- range missiles have been success- ment and evaluation by users, the fully flight tested in July-August 2004. Artillery Combat Command and Both the missile systems have been control system (ACCCS) is undergo- accepted for induction into the ing in limited series production at Armed Forces. BEL for 6 regimental systems for the 8.21 BrahMos, the world’s best Army. The Army has placed an order supersonic cruise missile, has been for one test-bed corps-level mark II system on BEL under project Shakti. developed by the joint effort of Indian and Russian scientists. This missile 8.24 125 mm fin stabilised armour is the leader in the family of cruise piercing discarding sabot (soft core, missiles, and is unique to fly at a Fsapds) ammunition Mk-I for use speed of 2.8 times the speed of with tank T-72 is under production. sound. The missile can be launched Development of Mk-II version of this from multiple platforms – ship, sub- ammunition with enhanced fire marine, land mobile launchers and power (lethality) has been completed aircraft against ship and land targets. and user trial has been successfully Land version of BrahMos was test conducted. fired successfully in December 2004. 8.25 Armament Research and Devel- BrahMos is being inducted into the opment Establishment (ARDE), Pune Indian Navy and has entered serial has also developed a under barrel production phase. grenade launcher (UBGL) compat-

105 ible with rifle 5.56 mm INSAS and AK- ment of low frequency dunking 47. Based on the performance, the Sonar has been taken up. user has recommended its introduc- 8.30 Heavy Vehicle Factory (HVF), tion into Service. Avadi, has produced and delivered 8.26 The present generation of five MBT Arjun tanks out of the 124 strategic missiles require composite ordered under the guidance of propellant grain in case bonded CVRDE, which is the authority hold- mode for enhanced performance of ing sealed particulars (AHSP). These the propulsion system. Technology five tanks have been handed over to for the processing of case bonded the Chief of Army Staff by the Raksha motor has been developed with Mantri on August 7, 2004. Transfer better burning characteristics. of technology is at an advanced stage. Nine more Arjun tanks are 8.27 In air-to-air missiles, low tem- likely to be produced by mid 2005. perature properties of propellant become highly critical for reliable 8.31 Production of combat improved performance of the missiles. To meet Ajeya (CIA) tanks, with various both energetic and elongation pa- modernisation schemes is in full swing at HVF. About 40 CIA Ajeya rameters solid propellant formula- tanks, fitted with explosive reactive tions have been developed. armour (ERA) for enhanced protec- 8.28 Naval Science and Technologi- tion and accurate GPS navigation cal Laboratory, Visakhapatnam, has system have rolled out from HVF. developed helicopter fire control Sustained efforts are underway to system and torpedo electronics for integrate other improvement ALH. schemes like integrated fire detection and suppression system. 8.29 Design and development of torpedo detection and decoy system 8.32 Ordnance Factory, Medak has been taken up jointly by Naval (OFMK), have produced 168 number Physical Oceanographic Laboratory of carrier mortar tracked vehicle out (NPOL) and Naval Scientific and of the 198 ordered. An indent for Technological Laboratory (NSTL). production of 50 number of NPOL has completed the design of armoured ambulance, developed by the towed decoy and array. The DRDO on BMP II chassis, has been system would be ready by December placed on OFMK. All technical 2005. Acoustic, radar cross-section assistance is being provided by and infra-red signature prediction CVRDE to production and inspection and management facility have been agencies for production of pilot established. Design and develop- sample of armoured ambulance.

106 8.33 Semi-active laser homing mis- system. Indigenously developed siles have been successfully demon- composite, titanium and high hard- strated from the main gun of MBT ened armour steel have been used Arjun. Mobile telemetry station, gen- for desired protection levels. The erator vehicle, special target fixture and turret incorporates a mix of weapon other test equipment required for the systems backed up by indigenous firing demonstration of Lahat missiles fire control and gun control systems in MBT Arjun were developed for the to destroy potential targets. purpose. Firing capabilities of the 8.35 First pilot vehicle of armoured experimental tank ‘Tank X’ were con- amphibious engineer reccee vehicle firmed during its evaluation in summer on BMP-II, has been cleared by the of 2004. It is being integrated with Army. Three vehicles are expected higher HP engine for improved auto- to be ready for handing over to Army motive performance. by mid 2005, out of the ordered 16 8.34 First prototype of futuristic Recce vehicles. Order for six vehicles infantry combat vehicle (ICV)- Abhay, of armoured amphibious dozer as a technology demonstrator, has (AAD) on BMP-II has been placed by been realised with indigenous auto- Army. Vehicles will be offered to motive systems including state-of- Army for clearance by the middle of the-art hydro-pneumatic suspension 2005.

Futuristic Infantry Combat Vehicle ‘ABHAY’ (Armoured Prototype)

107 8.36 Five sets of Sarvatra and four ated and demonstrated. The unit is numbers of BLT on T-72 tanks, being shifted for field evaluation. ordered for limited series production, 8.39 Sangraha is an indigenous EW have been completed and handed programme for Navy. Various EW over to the Army. Balance 6 numbers systems have been productionised of BLT will be made ready after by BEL and installed on various receipt of BLT Carrier Vehicles from platforms. Ellora, electronic support HVF, Avadi. measure (ESM) system has also 8.37 Snow and Avalanche Study been completed. Establishment (SASE) of DRDO has 8.40 Samvahak is a Core to Battalion upgraded conventional observato- level decision support system to ries to the state-of-the-art weather collect, collate, process and dissemi- stations. Fifteen new automatic nate intelligence and logistic informa- weather stations have been installed tion to Army Commanders. The in western Himalaya. Techniques software has been ported at field based on neural network, fuzzy stations and is under exploitation. logic etc have helped in accurate meteorology and avalanche fore- 8.41 A new generation Nuclear casting for the civilian population Biological and Chemical (NBC) and army troops deployed in snow permeable suit based on the state-of- bound regions. Issue of regular the-art technology and having three avalanche forecast and avalanche times more absorption capacity than safety/awareness programmes has the MK-I version has been devel- helped in saving precious lives. oped. The suit is intended to be used SASE has prepared avalanche by the troops operating in chemical hazard ‘Data Cards’ using remote warfare agent contaminated environ- sensing and GIS techniques for the ment. Salient features include its light Army. These cards are handy, easy weight and flame retardation and to refer and contain track profile fluorocarbon treatment. Its trials have duly marked with avalanche sites been completed successfully. and salient information about the 8.42 Defence Metallurgical Research area, including digital terrain model. Laboratory, Hyderabad, have estab- 8.38 Samyukta is an electronic lished processing route for semi- warfare (EW) programme for Army. finished products and also The first production series unit of standardised the technologies for control center (CC) block on the production of the finished compo- communication segment has been nents for Kaveri engine. The platinum fielded. The non-communication alloy Ti-600 developed, is at an (non-com.) entities have been evalu- advanced stage of type certification. 108 The finished components are being developed for detection of sea sur- evaluated. Two indigenous types of face and airborne targets like boats, steel for naval applications have also ships, frigates, sea skimming mis- been developed. The laboratory has siles, low flying aircrafts and subma- developed an industrial processing rines under sea clutter and rain. cycle keeping SAIL’s existing facili- Qualification trials with calibrated ties and perspective planning in view. targets has been completed, and the The Indian Navy has placed an order radar met all qualitative requirements worth Rs. 200 crore for above steel. in terms of target detection. Integra- tion of the radar on Dornier is under 8.43 The NBC recce vehicle based progress. on BMP-II has been developed by DRDO for conducting survey of 8.46 Focal plane array (FPA) imager radiological and chemical contami- at millimeter wave frequencies for nated areas. This vehicle has nuclear detection of targets in severe atmo- sensors as roentzenometer, portable spheric conditions like fog/smoke/ dose rate meter, pocket dosimeter, dust has been developed by DRDO. Radio Photo Lumiscence (RPL) 8.47 Aqueous extracts from ash of locket etc. The chemical warfare two indigenous edible plant materi- agent detection is performed with M- als, Musa albasianaa and Phaseolus 90 and portable gas chromatograph. mungo (HK-1 & HK-2) has been used This vehicle has the provision to by DRDE, a DRDO laboratory for collect samples from contaminated removal of fluoride content in ground area for laboratory analysis purpose. water. Results showed removal of TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT / 60-62% fluoride content by these INNOVATION extracts. A new system for Vibrio cholerae strain type has been devel- 8.44 The Photonics phase II oped which is extremely useful for programme for development of molecular epidemiological investiga- devices and systems based on tion of cholera outbreaks. Lep- photonics technologies has been tospirosis disease diagnostic kits taken up by DRDO. The technology were successfully evaluated by WHO up-gradation will include develop- and orders were placed by WHO for ment of laser diode arrays, tunable procurement of these kits. Poly- infra-red laser source, adaptive- merase chain reaction (PCR) based optical imaging, pointing & tracking detection system has been devel- of targets and target recognition . oped for B.mallei, a causative agent 8.45 A maritime patrol radar for of glanders disease in equines. Test Naval use has been designed and kit developed for the detection of

109 cold slaughtered meat and to test the tures technology and Computational microbial quality of meat has been Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with its associ- supplied to different units for evalua- ate centres at the IITs at Kanpur, tion and found to be very useful at Mumbai and Kharagpur. AR&DB Remount Veterinary Corps (RVC) website can be accessed through units. drdo.com.

BASIC RESEARCH 8.50 Under Armament research board, 53 projects have been sanc- 8.48 Four research boards are func- tioned, covering the field of high tioning in DRDO to provide thrust to energy materials, sensors, ballistics, basic research in areas of strategic combustion and detonics, modeling/ importance. The boards are: Aero- simulation and other fields related to nautics Research and Development armaments, to various academic Board (AR&DB); Armament Research institutions and other R&D Board (ARMREB); Naval Research organisations. Out of these, 26 Board (NRB) and Life Sciences projects have been successfully Research Board (LSRB). These completed and the remaining are boards promote research in collabo- being pursued. rative mode with academic institu- tions and other national R&D labora- 8.51 Life sciences research board is tories, through approval, funding continuing its policy of supporting, and monitoring of grants-in-aid expanding and deepening the knowl- projects. edge base of life sciences. A total of 14 projects have been sanctioned to 8.49 The AR&DB started functioning academic institutions taking the total in February 1971 and has funded number of sanctioned projects to 73. around 1280 projects to 35 institu- Some of the projects supported by tions since inception. It is currently LSRB are for rapid diagnosis of funding 100 projects at 25 academic infectious diseases, engineering and research institutions. It has a resistance to pod borer in funding ceiling of Rs. 5 crores per pigeonpea, mycorrhizal technology year in upstream areas of aeronau- for tropical tuber crops, hospital tics R&D. Three centres of excellence waste, anti-fouling strategies of have been set up at Indian Institute marine organisms etc. of Technology, Mumbai, National Aerospace Limited, Bangalore, and 8.52 Naval research board contin- Indian Institute of Science, Banga- ued its support of basic research lore, in the area of systems design applicable to naval technologies. and engineering, composite struc- Eight new grants-in-aid projects were

110 sanctioned to academic institutions financial year, approximately 25 more at a cost of Rs.2.42 crore. Twenty projects are expected to be ap- two out of forty eight projects have proved at an estimated cost of Rs. been completed. 11 crore. These projects are likely to EXTRAMURAL RESEARCH & be spread over several academic/ INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY research institutions. RIGHTS 8.55 To accord selective protective legal cover to intellectual property 8.53 To enhance availability of re- generated through research activities search opportunities to young sci- of DRDO, 85 IPR applications (includ- ence and technology researchers for widening knowledge base, interac- ing 12 in foreign countries) were filed tion of DRDO with academic commu- on products/processes in the field of nity has been vastly strengthened. materials, electronics, bio-medical The enhanced extramural funding sciences and food technology. coupled with intellectual resources 8.56 During the last one year, 27 available in academic institutions will patents (including three in foreign catalyse the generation and growth countries) were granted and 28 pat- of new ideas leading to innovative ents were accepted for grant. In technologies. The increased flow of addition, one copyright was regis- funds will galvanise research and tered in India. To promote IPR aware- scientific temper in the country. ness, seven awareness programmes/ Imagination driven research projects form the focus of extramural research workshops/patent-clinics were held in scheme and are supported under the different laboratories. scheme. SUPPORT TO SERVICES

8.54 With the above in view, the 8.57 DRDO has developed a smart extramural research scheme has vest with the capability to monitor enlarged its academic reach and due ECG, EMG, GSR and body tempera- care has been taken to ensure avail- ture with the integrated sensor and it ability of intellectual and is under the process of demonstra- infrastructural resources. During the tion in field conditions. current year, 21 new projects with an aggregate value of Rs. 5 crore have 8.58 Combat Free Fall (CFF) protec- been sanctioned. The projects are tive clothing and equipment consist- spread over 19 academic/research ing of jump suit, gloves, boots, institutions of repute in the country. goggles, helmet, jack knife and CFF During the remaining part of the oxygen system have been developed

111 by DRDO for paratroopers. These mix chapatis have been developed have undergone technical trials and and tried at different units. are expected to be handed over to 8.64 Different types of appetizers viz., the users by mid 2005. pepper munch, lemon munch and 8.59 The simulation trials of the jeera munch have been developed integrated life support system (ILSS) by DRDO. Trials have been con- for Tejas (LCA) have been completed ducted at units located at high alti- successfully and the system is ready tude. These appetizers have been for airworthiness tests. The accep- liked by the troops. tance trials of the submarine escape HUMAN RESOURCE set (SES) have also been conducted. DEVELOPMENT The indigenous test equipment for SES, developed for the first time in 8.65 DRDO has adopted a dynamic India has been successfully demon- and systematic approach for man- strated to Naval Commands. power development. A human re- source consultative body has been 8.60 Bulk order for production of constituted in DRDO to achieve an Canister (6.68 Lakhs), Personal integrated approach for the develop- decontamination kit (3.34 Lakhs) and ment of HRD related policies and Tri Colour Detector Paper (TCD) strategies for implementation in (3.34 Lakhs) for the Army has been organisational systems. completed. 8.66 A manpower planning board is 8.61 A multi-insect repellent spray functioning to look after the manage- formulation developed by DRDO has ment of scientific, technical, adminis- been accepted and recommended trative and allied cadres. Manpower by Director General Armed Forces requirement in all categories for Medical Services for use in Defence various DRDO projects has been services for personnel protection reviewed through various mecha- from the painful bites of blood suck- nisms like rationalisation of cadre ing insects. structure, incentive schemes, training policies, enhanced promotional 8.62 DRDO has fabricated and opportunities, exit interviews. The supplied temperature controlled bio- organisation has endeavoured to digesters and metal biodigesters to ensure optimum utilisation of human the Services. resource, apart from attracting and retaining best talents. 8.63 Different types of traditional ragi food products viz., sweetened millet 8.67 To cater for the present and mix, spice millet mix and nutra cereal futuristic scientific and technical 112 knowhow requirements for its technology. The problems faced by projects, various technical and non- industries in the processing and technical programmes/courses have production of various products are been organised. Under research and solved by giving proper advice/ training scheme, a total of 42 person- guidance. Analytical and test facilities nel were sponsored to undergo M.E/ available at the laboratories are also M.Tech courses in various disciplines being extended to industries to at IITs and other institutions of repute. upgrade the industrial base in the country. 8.68 Similarly, under the continuing education programme, 152 courses 8.70 In its resolve to making the have been organised in different defence technologies accessible to disciplines for various categories and common man in addition to their 19 more are to be conducted by use by defence services, DRDO, March 2005. DRDO has two training during the year 2004-05 transferred institutes namely, Institute of armament a large number of its state-of-the-art technology which is now a deemed university at Pune, to meet the ad- technologies, in the fields of NBC - vanced technological training needs in canisters, gloves, overboots, auto- the area of armament, and the Institute injectors, filters; life sciences – of Technology Management at herbal products namely anti-leuco- Mussoorie to meet the requirement of derma, anti-eczema, anti-tooth- advanced managerial training for ache, herbal beverage from scientists. Currently, a centre at Jodh- seabuckthorn, herbal tea from pur is under development to meet the herbs; arsenic removal filters, training needs for administration and mosquito repellant spray and allied cadre. To implement the policies, cream, 2 deoxy-D-glucose 2DG, result oriented HRD cells have been field stretchers, critical care ventila- set up in all Laboratories/ Establish- ments of DRDO. tor, retort pouch process, nutri bar, preserved and flavoured chapaties. INTERACTION WITH INDUSTRY These dual use technologies have AND TRANSFER OF been transferred to over 40 entities TECHNOLOGY in the private sector for 8.69 DRDO maintains close liaison productionisation and with the industry by way of transfer of commercialisation.

113 114 9

INTER-SERVICE ORGANISATIONS

Lamp Lighting Ceremony of School of Nursing Army Hospital, Delhi Cantt.

115 INTER-SERVICE ORGANISATIONS

9.1 The following Inter-Service works cover in 450 stations spread Organisations function directly under across the country in peace areas as the Ministry of Defence :- well as in forward areas. It is the Premier Engineering wing of the (i) Military Engineer Services Defence Services which provides (ii) Armed Forces Medical Services works services to Army, Navy, Air Force, Defence Research and Devel- (iii) Directorate General of Defence opment Organisation, Directorate Estates General of Quality Assurance, Ord- (iv) Office of the Chief Administra- nance Factories, Coast Guard, tive Officer Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan and Central and State Government un- (v) Directorate of Public Relations dertakings. Today, it handles annual (vi) Army Purchase Organisation workload, which exceeds Rs.3300 crores. (vii) Services Sports Control Board 9.3 MES functions under the overall (viii) Armed Forces Films and Photo control of Engineer-in-Chief, who is Division the adviser to the Ministry of Defence and the three Services on construc- (ix) School of Foreign Languages tion engineering. It is structured to (x) History Division design works, which are executed under the management of Director- (xi) National Defence College ate General Of Works. It has an (xii) College of Defence Management integral multi-disciplinary team of architects, civil, electrical and me- (xiii) Defence Services Staff College chanical engineers, structural de- (xiv) Ministry of Defence Library signers, quantity surveyors and contract specialists for planning, MILITARY ENGINEER SERVICE designing and supervision of works. (MES) 9.4 MES has specialized in the 9.2 The largest construction wide spectrum of civil works, ranging agency of the country, the Military from conventional buildings and Engineer Services (MES) provides factories to sophisticated complex 116 laboratories, marine works, jetties, resurfacing and repairs of the dockyards, wharves, workshops, runway alongwith allied ser- slipways, air fields, roads, blast pens, vices at Aini Airfield in Tajikistan etc. It also provides sophisticated at a cost of Rs.55.26 Crores. infrastructural services like air condi- The work is to be completed in tioning, cold storage, water supply, two working seasons and is compressed air, sewage treatment being executed satisfactorily. plants, lifts, cranes, etc. for the 9.6 The following Defence Services. Thrust Areas: have been the thrust areas during 9.5 Following important time bound the year:- projects were executed by the MES (a) during the year: Replacement of Bulbs by Fluorescent Tubes & CFL: (a) INHS ASHVINI: The modern- Provision of fluorescent tube ization works of Hospital facili- lights including Compact Fluo- ties in INHS ASHVINI were rescent Lamps in lieu of incan- executed in two phases at a descent lamps has been taken cost of Rs.93.27 Crores. The up in residential accommoda- hospital was handed over to tion. This will result in substan- users on December 4, 2004. tial savings in electricity con- sumption. (b) NAVAL ACADEMY, EZHIMALA: Naval Academy (b) Rain water harvesting: In Ezhimala is one of the major order to conserve water, rain projects currently being ex- water harvesting has been ecuted by MES on the Western introduced in MES and this will Coast. The project envisages help in recharging ground construction of administrative water and raising existing water buildings, classrooms, laborato- table. ries, auditorium and library, 9.7 Married Accommodation cadets’ mess and living / mar- Project (MAP): Phase 1 of Married ried accommodation and other Accommodation Project sanctioned OTM buildings at a cost of for construction of 60302 dwelling Rs.503 Crores. Cadets’ mess units for the three services, currently and living accommodation have under way, has entered the construc- already been completed and tion phase in sixteen stations, with an other works are in various estimated construction cost of stages of progress. Rs.637.89 Crores. Of the 60302 (c) PROJECT EVE DAT: MES has houses scheduled for construction in been entrusted with the work of Phase I, 50197 dwelling units will be 117 for Army, 2808 for Navy and 7297 for 9.11 The Armed Forces Medical Air Force. Services have an impressive record ARMED FORCES MEDICAL of rendering aid to civil authorities, SERVICES (AFMS) whenever called upon, during epi- demics, natural calamities especially 9.8 The primary aim of the Armed in inaccessible and difficult areas. In Forces Medical Services is to pre- addition to this, the well trained force serve and promote the health of the of medical, dental and paramedical Armed Forces personnel and their personnel provide first aid to the families, by prevention of diseases civilians in emergency before refer- and care and treatment of the sick ring them to the nearest civil medical and wounded personnel. establishment. 9.9 The Armed Forces Medical Infrastructure of AFMS Services (AFMS), consisting of the Army Medical Corps (AMC), the 9.12 The Armed Forces Medical Army Dental Corps (ADC) and the Services are the largest and amongst Military Nursing Services (MNS), the best organized health care deliv- provide comprehensive health care ery systems in the country. There is to the serving Armed Forces person- a network of Regimental Aid Posts nel, their families and dependents, manned by doctors, supported by 89 numbering approximately 6.6 million. field ambulances. Apart from the 9.10 In addition, para military orga- facilities made available in combat nizations like Assam Rifles, zones, 127 hospitals of varying sizes Rashtriya Rifles, Coast Guard, are spread over the length and DRDO and Border Road personnel, breadth of the country, with a highly while posted in the field and other organized referral system. While the central police/intelligence forces peripheral hospitals have basic operating in the disturbed areas of specialized facilities, the eight Com- the country, are provided treatment mand/Army Hospitals are equipped by the Armed Forces Medical Ser- with super specialty facilities and vices. The Armed Forces Medical with state-of-the art equipment. Services are also providing medical Medical Research care to the Ex-servicemen and their dependents to the extent possible, 9.13 The Directorate General Armed especially during the transitional Forces Medical Services looks after period before the establishment of the research activities in the Armed the Ex-Servicemen Contributory Forces Medical Services (Army, Navy Health Scheme (EGHS). and Air Force). The Armed Forces 118 Medical Research Committee meets capacity and as member del- every year at Armed Forces Medical egates. College, Pune in the month of Febru- Publication of the Directorate ary, to discuss and select new re- General Armed Forces Medical search proposals and also to review Services Memorandum/ progress of on-going projects. DGAFMS Publication Conferences and Continued Medical Education 9.15 (i) One new DGAFMS medi- Programmes cal memorandum is under publication. 9.14 (i) The Asia Pacific Military (ii) Two new draft DGAFMS Medicine Conference-XIV was medical memoranda have been held in Brisbane, Australia during proposed. May 9-14, 2004. Director Gen- eral, Armed Forces Medical (iii) Two revised draft Services, along with two other DGAFMS medical memoranda officers, participated in the Con- are under publication ference and presented papers. Interactive Reciprocal (ii) The Annual International Exchange of Medical Journal Committee of Military Medicine Armed Forces India (MJAFI) Conference was held at Wash- with AFMS of other Countries ington DC during September 9.16 Presently, Medical Journal 12-17, 2004. Director General Armed Forces India (MJAFI) brought Armed Forces Medical Ser- out by the Armed Forces Medical vices, along with two other College, Pune is dispatching the officers, attended the same. medical journal of Armed Forces in (iii) 64 ‘in-house’ Continuous India to nine countries. Proposal for Medical Examinations, updates, making arrangements for reciprocal workshops, seminars etc., exchange of MJAFI with some more approved by this Directorate, countries has been initiated. were organized at various DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF Armed Forces Hospitals. DEFENCE ESTATES (DGDE)

(iv) Armed Forces Medical 9.17 The Directorate General De- Officers attended various con- fence Estates are the nodal executive ferences and Workshops of 127 agency of the Ministry of Defence for approved civil bodies all over procurement of immovable proper- the country in their official ties for defence purposes, by way of

119 acquisition, transfer, requisitioning provides financial assistance by way and hiring. Presently there is a large of grant-in-aid to a certain extent to number of acquisition/transfer of land augment its revenues. proposals at hand in different states. 9.20 To improve the overall perfor- 9.18 There are 62 Cantonments in mance and to inculcate a spirit of India, which are located in 19 states unity, a cultural meet of all Canton- and the National Capital Territory of ment Board Schools was organized Delhi. The Cantonment Boards are during the year. Children from differ- autonomous bodies functioning ent parts of the country studying in under the control of Ministry of De- Cantonment Board Schools partici- fence as per the provisions con- pated enthusiastically in the meet. tained in Cantonments Act, 1924. 9.21 To improve the human develop- Cantonment Boards comprise ment aspect, most of the Canton- elected representatives besides ex- ment Boards are maintaining hospi- officio and nominated members and tals or dispensaries. These hospitals a balance is maintained between cater to the needs of civil population elected and official members. The of the Cantonment as well as the Station Commander is the President adjoining areas. The total number of of the Cantonment Board. Supervi- hospitals / dispensaries maintained sion and control over the working of are 69. Maintenance of Primary these bodies is exercised through Schools is also undertaken by the the General Officer-in-Chief of the Cantonment Boards according to Commands at the intermediate level and by the Central Government local requirements. A number of through Director General Defence Cantonment Boards are also main- Estates/ Ministry of Defence at the taining Higher Secondary Schools apex level. and Intermediate/Junior colleges. Total schools and colleges main- 9.19 The resources of the Canton- tained by Cantonment Boards are ment Boards are very limited as the 189 in number. bulk of the property in the Canton- ment is Government owned, on 9.22 The Director General, Defence which no tax can be levied. Boards, Estates functions as an adviser to the however, receive service charges in Ministry of Defence on land and respect of Central Government Cantonment Board matters. DGDE is properties. Due to restrictions nei- an attached office of Ministry of ther industries can come up nor can Defence, responsible for executive trade and business achieve any functions relating to hiring, requisi- significant growth in cantonment tion or acquisition of land and build- areas. The Central Government ings to meet the defence require- 120 ments. The defence land considered 9.24 The functioning of CAO’s Office temporarily/permanently surplus is is discharged by the following six also disposed of by way of licence, Divisions: lease or transfer to other Central (i) Administration Division Government Departments/State Government / PSUs or to reputed (ii) Personnel Division schools/institutions or to ex-service- (iii) Manpower Planning and Re- men. While the functions of the cruitment Division Directorate General, Defence Estates (iv) Training Coordination and in regard to the Cantonment Boards Welfare Division relate to the municipal administration of the Cantonments through Princi- (v) Finance and Materials Division pal Director/Directors, the Command (vi) Estates and Works Division and Cantonment Executive Officers, management of its land, custody of 9.25 The Administration Division provides administrative cover to land records, procurement of immov- about 10,000 civilian employees able property is carried out through employed in Armed Forces Head- Defence Estates officers. Out of the quarters and 26 Inter-Services 17.31 lakh acres of defence land, Organisations. A Grievances Cell is 0.68 lakh acres of land is under functioning within the Administration direct management of DGDE. Division to examine the grievances of OFFICE OF THE CHIEF serving/retired Armed Forces HQs ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER civilian employees and to ensure (CAO) their speedy redressal.

9.23 The office of Chief Administrative 9.26 The Personnel Division provides Officer is responsible for providing civilian manpower to the Service civilian manpower and infrastructural Headquarters and Inter-service support to the Services Headquarters Organisations and deals with the management of their manpower. and the Headquarter offices of Inter- Services Organisations (ISOs) under 9.27 Manpower Planning and Re- the Ministry of Defence. Joint Secre- cruitment Division is responsible for tary (Training) discharges the func- framing policy on recruitment rules in tions of the Chief Administrative consultation with DOP&T and effect- Officer (CAO) and Director (Security) ing direct recruitment against all as well. In relation to security, he vacant civilian posts in the Service oversees the work of the Chief Secu- Headquarters and ISOs through rity Officer. prescribed channels. 121 9.28 Finance and Material Division through briefings to sensitize officers provides material support which and personnel on guarding of secu- includes procuring and provisioning rity of information. of office equipment, stores, furniture DIRECTORATE OF PUBLIC and stationery to all offices of Army RELATIONS (DPR) Headquarters and ISOs. 9.33 The Directorate of Public Rela- 9.29 The Defence HQ Training Insti- tions is responsible for the dissemi- tute functioning under the Training nation of information to the media Coordination and Welfare Division of about the landmark events, achieve- CAO’s Office caters to the training ments and major policy decisions of needs of the civilian personnel the Ministry, Armed Forces and Inter posted in Service Headquarters and Services organizations under the in Inter-Service Organisations. Ministry of Defence. The Directorate 9.30 Estates & Works Division per- with its headquarters in New Delhi forms the Estate functions in respect and 25 regional offices across the of residential accommodation of country is the nodal agency for Service Officers posted at Armed providing media support and ser- Forces Hqrs. vices so as to ensure adequate publicity in print as well as the elec- 9.31 The welfare of Civilian employ- tronic media. It also facilitates media ees in Service Headquarters and interaction with the leadership and Ministry of Defence is being looked senior officials of the Ministry of after by CAO’s office. Armed Forces Defence and Armed Forces by con- Headquarters/Inter-Services ducting regular interviews, press Organisations Welfare Fund and conferences and press tours. Defence Civilian Medical Aid Fund 9.34 The Directorate is responsible (DCMAF) provide financial help to for bringing out a fortnightly journal, the employees, during acute dis- Sainik Samachar for the Armed tress. Forces in 13 languages (Assamese, 9.32 The Chief Security Officer and Bengali, English, Gorkhali, Hindi, the personnel under his command Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, ensure the physical security of the Punjabi, Tamil, Telegu and Urdu) office buildings in the Defence Secu- and the Broadcasting section of the rity Zone under the supervision of Directorate coordinates ‘Sainikon Ke JS(Trg) and CAO. Security of the Liye’, a 40 minute programme that is buildings has to be ensured to pre- broadcast daily on All India Radio for clude breach of any physical security the Armed Forces personnel. The in the Zone. Efforts are also made Directorate’s Photo Section provides

122 photographs of all defence-related the successful test flights of Agni-II, events in the print media. Prithvi-III and Brahmos missiles.

9.35 Among the major events cov- 9.38 Major events that were covered ered by the Directorate in 2004-2005 pertaining to the Army ranged from were the massive relief and rescue de-induction of the troops in Jammu operations carried out by the Army, & Kashmir, Major R.S. Rathore’s Navy and Air Force in the wake of the winning feat at the Olympics, the Tsunami disaster in December 2004. participation of Indian troops in A number of aircraft, helicopters and peacekeeping operations in Eritrea sea vessels were pressed into ser- and Ethiopia, joint exercises with US vice at short notice. Tonnes of relief troops and the expedition to Antarc- material including food, clothing, tic which were given adequate medicines, tentage and drinking publicity. Other events such as the water were airlifted to bring succour Army Commanders’ Conference to the affected populace. Visits of and the visit of women military media persons to Tsunami affected observers to Congo got satisfactory areas in India and neighbouring coverage in the print media. Media countries were also facilitated ensur- tours were organized to Thoise to ing adequate publicity to the disaster cover the President’s visit there and management response of the Armed also to the Counter Insurgency & Forces and the efficiency displayed Jungle Warfare School at Vairangte in monitoring all relief measures. in Mizoram. 9.36 Wide publicity was given to the 9.39 The Indian Navy’s main events Government’s decision to reduce were duly publicized by the Director- troops in Jammu & Kashmir as a confidence building measure follow- ate. The circumnavigation voyage by ing some improvement in the secu- INS Tarangini, Joint Exercises with rity situation in the region as a result the navies of Singapore, France and of measures taken by the armed US and the commissioning of Talwar forces, and with particular reference class ships, INS Betwa were to relations with our neighbours. publicised well. Another widely publicized event was scaling of 9.37 Other important events that Mount Everest from the north side by were publicized were the creation of the all-navy team that set a world the Department of Ex-Servicemen record. Welfare, induction of (Main Battle Tank) MBT Arjun, rolling out of indig- 9.40 As far as the highlights of the enously assembled Sukhoi-30 MKI Indian Air Force are concerned wide aircraft, Bhishma T-90S tanks and coverage was given to the IAF teams

123 participating in Exercise Cope Thun- Federation of India. Tinned items like der in Alaska and the Asian Aero- vegetables, fruits, jams, tinned milk, space Air Show at Singapore, Exer- meat and fish products, coffee, egg cise Golden Eagle in South Africa powder, etc., are procured from and UN Peacekeeping Mission to registered suppliers including private Congo. Wide publicity was also parties/dealers through open tenders. ensured for other major events such The indented quantities are procured as the new world record set by specially during the flush season Cheetal helicopter, Fire Power Dis- when availability is high and prices play Vayu Shakti at Pokhran and the are low. During the year 2004-05, rescue of stranded pilgrims due to Rs.772-48 crore was provided to the landslides between Joshimath & Army Headquarters for procurement Badrinath and also the rescue of 400 of above items. school children caught in 9.42 Quality control of the con- Brahmaputra floods. tracted items is ensured by the ARMY PURCHASE Composite Food Laboratories under ORGANISATION (APO) the charge of the Army Headquar- ters, which, after inspection and 9.41 Army Purchase Organization in acceptance of the tendered com- the Ministry of Defence is entrusted modities, supervises dispatch of with the responsibility of the procure- goods to different Supply Depots ment and timely supply of dry ration according to requirement. items for the consumption of Defence Forces. APO procures rice and SERVICES SPORTS CONTROL wheat through the Food Corporation BOARD of India; sugar is allotted by the Direc- Services Championships torate of Sugar out of levy quota allocated to various sugar mills. 9.43 Services Sports Control Board Other items like pulses, animal ra- (SSCB) conducts and co-ordinates tions, edible oils, vanaspati (hydroge- various sports activities in the three nated edible oil), tea and milk prod- Services. A total of four teams (Army ucts are purchased from the Central Red, Army Green, Indian Navy and and State Public Sector Undertakings Air Force) participate in 19 Services and various National/State Level championships conducted under the Cooperative Consumer Federations, aegis of SSCB. whole milk powder, skimmed milk National Championship powder, butter and ghee are pur- chased through negotiated contracts 9.44 SSCB is affiliated to 28 National from National Cooperative Dairy Sports Federations and participates 124 in 38 national championships includ- International Military Sports ing 10 in junior section. Services Council (CISM) stood first in athletics, junior hockey, 9.46 Board of Directors Meeting: water and polo, triathlon. They were Board of Directors Meeting of Inter- runners-up in boxing and wrestling national Military Sports Council (Grenadier), and stood third in swim- (CISM) was held at Gaborone, ming/diving, kabaddi and Botswana from November 3 to 8, taekwondo. 2004. During the meeting, prelimi- nary contract for staging 4th Military International Championships World Games in India in 2007 at Hyderabad was signed. 9.45 Olympic Games 2004: Olympic Games 2004 were held at Athens, Best Services Sportsman Greece from August 13 to 29, 2004. 9.47 On the basis of performance in Five Services’ sportsmen and two Inter-Services, National and Interna- officials were deputed as part of the tional championships of the preced- Indian contingent. Major ing year, Naib Subedar Ignance Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore won a Tirkey of Madras Engineering Group silver medal in shooting double trap & Centre, Bangalore was adjudged competition. “Best Services Sportsman” for the year 2003-04, and the AVM Jaswant Singh Trophy was presented to him during the Combined Commanders’ Conference 2004. Arjuna Awardees

9.48 Two Services sportsmen namely Major R.V.S. Rathore and Captain Rajesh Pattu, were awarded Arjuna Awards in August 2004 in shooting and equestrian disciplines respectively. ARMED FORCES FILMS & PHOTO DIVISION (AFFPD)

9.49 The Armed Forces Films & Photo Division is primarily respon- sible for meeting the requirements of Major Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore Service Headquarters and other 125 Defence Organisations with regard to year, 4031 training Films/Video production, procurement and distri- Cassettes have been distributed to bution of training films, production of the troops. Till date, 18,429 Colour/ photographs, art work etc to meet Black & White negatives have been the needs of training, weapon trials, exposed and 26,141 Colour/Black & security, defence research, intelli- White photographs have been made. gence, records and photo & video This year Central Reserve Police coverage of ceremonial functions of Force (CRPF) has also made use of the Ministry of Defence. 17 training films on various subjects, 9.50 FFPD has a very rich collection for training of their personnel. The of rare films and photographs dating Vertical Helical Scan (VHS) cassettes back to pre-independence years. were supplied to CRPF authorities on This material inherited from Britishers payment basis. is of great historical value and is 9.52 Keeping the experiences maintained & preserved in the Cen- gained during Kargil Operation, three tral Defence Film Library of this films have been specially made for Division. The photographs depict High Altitude Warfare School this Indian forces in action in various year, to train troops to engage en- theaters of Second World War, Pa- emy occupying cliff tops in high rades, Ceremonies, Festivals, Per- altitude mountain terrain, operations sonalities and training activities etc. in glaciated terrain with glacial haz- Some important films like, Battle of ards and skills of warfare in snow Britain, Battle of Russia, Battle of bound terrains. Currently, out of China, Desert Victory, Japanese elevan training films under produc- Surrender, Nazis Strikes, Burma tion, six films are already completed Campaign, Churchil the Man, Lon- and five films are at final stages of don Victory Parade etc are also held completion. along with many other important 9.53 The Mobile Cinema Unit of this films. Division also procures/distributes 9.51 The Central Defence Film Li- Documentary films/ News Magazines brary (CDFL) of this Division is re- of information, cultural and family sponsible for distribution of training welfare values to the troops in the films to various units/formations/ forward areas. training establishments/commands, SCHOOL OF FOREIGN to meet their specific training require- LANGUAGES (SFL) ments. The Library holds 570 titles in 35 mm format, 1010 in 16 mm format 9.54 The School of Foreign Lan- and 310 in Video formats. During the guages is an Inter-Services

126 Organisation under the aegis of the (d) Advanced Diploma Course Ministry of Defence. It is a unique 9.57 The Intepretership Course is a institution of our country as nowhere full time course. The students are else so many foreign languages are sponsored by the Armed Forces, taught under the same roof. It has Ministry of Defence, the Cabinet been the pioneer in foreign language Secretariat and other Government teaching in India since 1948. At Departments. School of Foreign present, the School is engaged in Languages is the only Institute in the imparting training in 18 foreign lan- country where courses in Bahasa guages to personnel of the three Indonesia, Pushto, Thai, Sinhala and Services of Indian Armed Forces. It Burmese are offered. also caters to the needs of the other ministries and departments of the 9.58 The duration of the Government of India, such as the Interpretership Course is as follows: Ministry of External Affairs, the Cabi- net Secretariat, Central Police (a) Bahasa Indonesia 16 ½ months Organisations, viz., Border Security (b) Burmese 16 ½ months Force, Central Reserve Police Force, Into-Tibetan Border Police etc. Be- (c) French 16 ½ months sides, civilian students are also (d) German 16 ½ months admitted for Certificate of Proficiency, Advanced Diploma and (e) Persian 16 ½ months Interpretership Courses as per the (f) Japanese 22 months laid down Government rules. (g) Pushto 16 ½ months 9.55 The languages taught on regu- lar basis at the SFL are: Arabic, (h) Sinhala 16 ½ months Bahasa Indonesia, Burmese, Chi- (i) Spanish 16 ½ months nese, French, German, Persian, Pushto, Russian, Spanish, Sinhala, (j) Tibetan 16 ½ months Tibetan, Japanese, Thai, Malay, (k) Russian 20 months Hebrew, Vietnamese and Pak Urdu (on request). (l) Arabic 20 months

9.56 The courses offered by the SFL (m) Chinese 23 ½ months are as follows: 9.59 The Certificate of Proficiency (a) Interpretership Course Course is followed by the Advanced Diploma Intensive Course. Both are (b) Certificate of Proficiency Course part-time courses and of one year (c) Short-term Course. duration each. Together, this two year

127 course is equivalent to the three year Special Proficiency 11 Diploma Courses of the Universities. Indian Foreign Service (Prob) 9 9.60 Short-term courses are purely HISTORY DIVISION need-based programmes. They are conducted as and when necessary, 9.63 Combined Inter Services His- especially for Military Attaches Desig- torical Section: A Combined Inter nates and officers being sent on UN Services Historical Section was Missions or as per specific needs of created on July 13, 1945 to write a user directorates. detailed official history of World War II, with particular reference to the 9.61 The SFL is the mother operations conducted by the Indian organisation of foreign language Armed Forces. After partition, it teaching wings of Defence Institu- served as the Combined Inter Ser- tions where foreign languages are vices Historical Section (India and taught. It conducts examinations Pakistan). The official history of the and issues diplomas to the success- Indian Armed Forces in World War II ful candidates. For IFS probation- (1939-45) was brought out in 24 ers, it is obligatory for them to qualify volumes by the Combined Inter in the Advanced Diploma (IFS) ex- Services Historical Section (India and amination conducted by the Institute. Pakistan). On completion of the The SFL conducts examination in work it was wound up in 1963. Regimental languages, viz., Nepali at various service units all over the 9.64 Historical Section (India)/History country. Examinations are also held Division: In the meanwhile, Historical for Dhivehi language. Special profi- Section (India) was established on ciency examinations in various for- October 26, 1953, to write and pub- eign languages are conducted for lish the official accounts of the post the three services exclusively to independence military operations of assess the assimilation and retention the Indian Armed Forces. The his- of the languages learnt. tory of the operations in Jammu and Kashmir (1947-48) was its first as- 9.62 During the year, the number of signment. Till now, it has brought personnel who qualified in various out 19 volumes. The Historical examinations conducted by SFL is Section was re-designated as History as follows: Division w.e.f. April 1, 1992. Certificate of Proficiency 88 9.65 Activities: The History Division Advanced Diploma Intensive 72 functions as the record and refer- Course ence office of the Ministry of Defence Interpretership 93 and the Indian Armed Forces. Dur-

128 ing the year 2004-05, about 4000 designing of crests and badges and operational records were received coining suitable mottoes for Units/ from the Services Headquarters, Formations. Units and Formations for permanent NATIONAL DEFENCE COLLEGE retention in the History Division. (NDC) About 325 service officers and schol- ars visited the record room to consult 9.70 The National Defence College records and books in connection (NDC) was inaugurated on April 27, with research assignments pertaining 1960 by the first Indian Prime Minis- to military history. The Division has ter, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. Lo- provided information relating to cated in the heart of Delhi, the Col- military history in respect of over 280 lege has grown from strength to queries received from various Units strength in the last 44 years and has and Formations, and scholars from established a name for itself as a India and abroad. centre of excellence on matters 9.66 Special Task: During the year pertaining to National Security and 2004 History Division assisted the Strategic Studies. It has evolved into three editorial teams constituted for an institution that seeks to compre- updating and editing the histories of hend and interpret the dynamics of Conflict with China 1962 and Indo- India’s security strategy in a world of Pak Wars of 1965 and 1971. transition. The institution endeavors to provide an academic and profes- 9.67 Member, Battle Honors Com- sional setting that is conducive to mittees: A senior officer of the History higher learning and mental stimula- Division serves as a member of the tion. As a pre-eminent joint military Battle Honors Committees of the educational institution of the Defence Indian Army and Air Force. Forces, it explores every domain of 9.68 Research Fellowships: The National Security. Division also provides two Research 9.71 The NDC runs a 47-week fellowships for conducting research Course every year for selected senior in military history under the Research Defence and Civil Services officers Fellowship Scheme of the Ministry of from India and Defence officers from Defence. friendly foreign countries. The en- 9.69 Heraldic Cell: The Heraldic Cell deavor is to prepare the future policy of the History Division assists the makers for increased responsibility three Services Headquarters and the through a programme of studies in Ministry of Defence by suggesting Strategies and Structures for Na- names for new establishments, tional Security. The Course is struc- 129 tured to cover socio-political, eco- established in 1905 in Deolali and nomic, science, technology, interna- has been functioning at Wellington tional security environment, global since 1950. The DSSC imparts issues, India’s strategic/immediate training to middle level officers of neighbourhood and military dimen- the three Services besides a few sions of national security. It is a civilian officers and officers from matter of great pride that, Alumni of friendly foreign countries. The col- the NDC have risen to high positions lege conducts a 45-week training in India as also in foreign countries. programme from June to April every COLLEGE OF DEFENCE year. The Staff Course at DSSC MANAGEMENT (CDM) aims at imparting training in opera- tional and staff functions in an Inter- 9.72 Institute of Defence Manage- Service as well as Joint Service ment, Secunderabad, was establish- environment. The training enables ment in 1970. It was renamed as the the officers to effectively perform College of Defence Management any staff/operational duties as Ma- (CDM) in 1980. The CDM conducts jor/Lieutenant Colonel and equiva- training programmes oriented to- wards the application of manage- lent ranks in other Services. ment concepts and techniques to MINISTRY OF DEFENCE LIBRARY defence situations in all facets: operations, logistics, intelligence and 9.74 The Ministry of Defence library training. The prominent programmes provides literature on subjects conducted by CDM are Long De- relevant to planning and policy fence Management Course, Senior formulation in the Ministry of De- Defence Management Course, De- fence, three services headquarters, fence Management Seminar and inter service organisations and other Assignment Oriented Management allied defence establishments lo- Training Programme. The College cated in Delhi. It specializes in also undertakes management defence and related subjects, be- consultancy studies. The college is sides catering to the needs of gen- equipped with modern and state-of- eral readers. A Book Selection Sub- the-art training aids. Committee, headed by a Joint DEFENCE SERVICES STAFF Secretary, selects the reading mate- COLLEGE rial for the library. During the year, 9.73 The Defence Services Staff the library added 3050 books, sub- College (DSSC) is one of the oldest scribed to 124 journals and 23 military institutions in India. It was newspapers.

130 10

RECRUITMENT AND tRAINING

Commissioning Ceremony at IMA

131 RECRUITMENT AND tRAINING

10.1 The Armed Forces epitomize Depot, Kunraghat and an Indepen- the ideals of service, sacrifice, patrio- dent Recruiting Office at Delhi Cantt tism and our country’s composite in addition to 47 Regimental Centres culture. The recruitment to the Armed carry out recruitment. During recruit- Forces is voluntary and every citizen ing year 2003-2004, recruiting orga- of India, irrespective of his caste, nizations enrolled 1,04,169 recruits class, religion and community, is for the Army. eligible for recruitment to the Armed Forces provided he meets the laid RECRUITMENT OF SAILORS down physical, medical and educa- 10.3 Naval Recruitment tional criteria. Organisation (NRO) of the Director- RECRUITMENT BELOW OFFICER ate of Manpower Planning and Re- RANK cruitment at Naval Headquarters is responsible for recruitment of sailors 10.2 Every citizen irrespective of in the Indian Navy. Recruitment of caste, class, religion and domicile is sailors is carried out for the following eligible for recruitment in the Army, entries:- (a) Direct entry artificers with provided he meets the laid down three years diploma (DEDH), (b) physical, age, medical and educa- Artificer apprentices (AA) – (10 + 2), tional criteria. The recruitment of (c) Matric entry recruits (MER), (d) Other Ranks in the Army is carried Non-matric entry recruits (NMER), (e) out according to the percentage of Direct entry petty officers (outstand- Recruitable Male Population (RMP) ing Sportsmen). of the State/Union Territories. The Recruitable Male Population in- 10.4 Recruitment into the Navy is cludes all males of the State/Union carried out on All-India basis. The Territories who meet the laid down recruitment tests are carried out at 30 qualitative requirements and it is centres located throughout the coun- reckoned as 10% of the total male try. The number of personnel re- population. 11 Zonal Recruiting cruited depends on the number of Offices, one Gorkha Recruiting eligible applicants who are able to 132 qualify in the written examination, (a) Eastern Himalayan Region physical fitness test and medical from 157 Cms to 160 Cms. examination. No preference is given (b) Western Himalayan Region from on the basis of caste, religion or area. 163 Cms to 166 Cms.

RECRUITMENT OF AIRMEN (c) Central Region from 167 Cms to 168 Cms. 10.5 Unmarried male Indian citizens irrespective of caste, creed and (d) Southern Region from 165 religion and domicile (subjects of Cms to 166 Cms. Nepal) are eligible for recruitment to (e) Gorkhas from 157 Cms to 160 the Indian Air Force provided they Cms. meet the laid down physical, age and educational criteria. The selec- (f) Present reduction in height of tion of suitable candidates for enrol- 2 Cms for all regions for ment in the IAF is carried out through tradesmen removed. a centralized selection system on All 10.8 Revision of Educational India basis. Standards: To keep pace with REVISION OF ELIGIBILITY the progressive modernization STANDARDS FOR RECRUITMENT in the Army and the need to OF PERSONNEL BELOW ensure effective handling of OFFICER RANKS (PBORs) sophisticated weapon/equipment systems of the future there is a 10.6 Revision of Entry Age Limit: need to regularly review the The UN Protocol to the convention of educational standards. From April the rights of the child stipulates that 1st, 2002 Matriculates with second personnel below the age of 18 years division only (45% marks) are will not take part in hostilities. In view being enrolled into the Army for of the aforesaid, the minimum age Soldier General Duty category for recruitment of PBOR has been except Soldier Clerk/Store raised from 16 to 17 years and 6 Keeper Technical/Technical/ months. Nursing Assistant categories who are also upgraded to minimum 10.7 Revised Physical Standards: education qualification of 10+2 An enhancement of Physical Stan- with 50% marks in aggregate. dards for Recruitment of PBOR from st The details of educational August 1 , 2004 as per the following standards for various categories in prescribed minimum height has the Army are given below:- been introduced:- 133 Category Education Age (a) Soldier SSLC/Matric with 45% marks in 17-1/2 to 21 Yrs General Duty aggregate. No percentage required if higher qualification then only pass in Matric. (b) Soldier/ Technical 10+2 Intermediate exam pass 17-1/2 to 23 Yrs in Science with Physics, Chemistry, Maths and English with minimum 50% marks in aggregate and minimum 40% in each subject specified for the trade. No weightage for higher qualification. (c) Soldier Clerk/ 10+2 Intermediate exam pass in 17-1/2 to 23 Yrs Store Keeper any stream (Arts, Commerce, Technical Science) with 50% marks in aggregate and minimum 40% in each subject. Weightage for higher qualification. (d) Soldier Nursing 10+2 Intermediate exam pass 17-1/2 to 23 Yrs Assistant in Science with Physics, Chemistry, Biology and English with minimum 50% marks in aggregate and minimum 40% in each subject. No weightage for higher qualification. (e) Soldier Tradesmen Non Matric 17-1/2 to 23 Yrs (f) Soldier (General Non Matric 17-1/2 to 23 Yrs Duty) Non Matric (g) Surveyor Auto BA/BSc with Maths having passed 20-25 Yrs Cartographer Matric and 10+2 with Maths and Science (h) JCO Religious Graduate in any discipline. In 27-34 Yrs Teacher addition qualification in his own religious denomination (i) JCO Catering 10+2, Diploma/Certificate Course of 21-27 Yrs a duration of one year or more in Cookery/Hotel Management and Catering Tech Recognized by AICTE (j) Havildar Education Graduate with B Ed/Post 20-25 Yrs Graduate with B Ed

Dispensation in education for enrolment as Soldier (GD) is permissible to some Selected States/Region/Class and Community.

134 10.9 Dispensation in Educational where there is a written examination Standards for Soldier General conducted by the UPSC followed by Duty Category: The qualifying a Services Selection Board (SSB) education standards for various interview and a Medical Board. trades in the Army are laid down. Recruitment is made directly through Dispensations in education stan- the respective Recruiting Directorates dards for recruitment in Soldier for the Army, the Navy and the Air General Duty category for certain Force for Technical Branches, regions/communities are granted Women Special Entry Scheme, NCC keeping in view the socio-economic Special Entry Scheme and Service Entries. These are called Non UPSC conditions and remoteness of the entries. Recruitment through SSB is regions. The present review is effec- done for induction of candidates as tive from April 1st, 2004 to March officers in all Arms and Services 31st, 2007. except Army Medical Corps (AMC) COMMISSIONING OF OFFICERS and Army Dental Corps (ADC).

10.10 Recruitment of Commissioned 10.11 Intake: During the year 2004, Officers in the Armed Forces is intake of candidates for pre commis- mainly done through the Union sioning training as officers was as Public Service Commission (UPSC), under:-

(a) NDA 607 (Army-392) (b) IMA 626 (i) IMA (DE) 444 (ii) ACC 108 (iii) SCO 27 (iv) PC (SL) 47 Total 626 (c) OTA 409 (i) OTA 305 (ii) NCC 104 Total 409 (d) Technical Entries 455 (i) UES 61 (ii) SSC (T) 100 (iii) 10+2 TES 169 (iv) TGC 125 Total 455

135 RECRUITMENT THROUGH THE 10.14 University Entry Scheme UPSC (UES): Final/Pre-final year students in the notified Engineering disciplines 10.12 The UPSC holds an all-India are eligible to apply for Permanent competitive written examination, Service Commission into the techni- known as the Combined Defence cal Arms of the Army as commis- Services Examination (CDSE), twice sioned officers under the University a year. University graduates includ- Entry Scheme. Eligible candidates ing those studying in the final year, are selected through a campus are eligible to appear in the examina- interview under the Screening Teams tion. Successful candidates are put deputed by the Army HQ. After SSB through the Service Selection Board and the Medical Board, the finally (SSB) interviews followed by Medical selected candidates are required to Board. Finally selected candidates undergo one year’s pre commission join the respective training acad- training at IMA, Dehradun before emies, viz., the Indian Military Acad- being commissioned. Cadets emy (IMA)/Officers Training through this entry are also entitled for Academy(OTA) for the Army, the two years’ antedate seniority on Naval Academy for the Navy and the commission. Air Force Academy for the Air Force. Technical Graduates (Tg) Entry 10.13 Similarly, the UPSC also holds a written examination for entry into 10.15 Engineering graduates/Post the National Defence Academy graduates from Notified disciplines of Engineering including those studying (NDA) twice a year. Candidates on in the final year are eligible to apply completion of the 10+2 Examination for permanent service commission or while in the 12th standard, are into technical arms through this eligible to compete. Successful entry. Selected candidates are candidates are put through the commissioned after one year training Service Selection Board (SSB) inter- at IMA, Dehradun. Cadets through view and a Medical Board before this entry are also entitled for two induction into NDA. Training at NDA years antedate seniority on commis- is for three years. On completion of sion. the NDA course, candidates (ca- dets) are sent to the respective 10.16 Short Service Commission Service Academies (IMA/NA/AFA), (Technical) Entry: The Short Service depending on the Wing chosen, for Commission (Technical) Entry their pre-commission training. NDA Scheme provides for recruitment of also gives a graduation degree to the eligible technical graduates/post successful cadets. graduates into technical Arms. After

136 SSB and Medical Board, the finally the Air Force Selection Boards selected candidates are required to (AFSBs), to attend training at the Air undergo 11 months pre commission Force Academy, Hyderabad, fol- training at OTA, Chennai. On comple- lowed by Air Force Technical College tion of training, successful candidates (AFTC), Bangalore. On successful are inducted as Short Service Com- completion of training at the AFTC, missioned Officers (SSCOs) in the they are inducted in Electronics and technical Arms. Cadets through this Mechanical streams of the Technical entry are also entitled for two years Branch. ante-date seniority on commission. RECRUITMENT OF WOMEN RECRUITMENT THROUGH OFFICERS SELECTION BOARDS 10.19 Women Special Entry Scheme 10.17 Recruitment through Service (Officers) (WSES-O) is open to Selection Boards/Air Force Selection eligible women in three streams, Board is made for the following namely, Technical, non-Technical and branches of the Army, the Navy and Specialist. On selection they un- the Air Force:- dergo six months training at OTA ARMY All Arms and Services Chennai and are commissioned as except Army Medical Corps and Short Service Commissioned Officers Army Dental Corps. in the following Arms/Services of the Armed Forces: NAVYElectrical Engineering, Engi- neering (Naval Architects), Logistics, ARMY Corps of Electrical and Me- Law, Education, Air Traffic Control, chanical Engineers, Corps of Sig- Executive, Hydro, Naval Armament nals, Army Education Corps, Army Inspection. Ordnance Corps, Army Service Corps, Corps of Military Intelligence AIR FORCE Flying Pilot (FP), Aeronautical Engineering (Electron- and Judge Advocate General’s ics), Aeronautical Engineering (Me- Branch chanical), Education, Administration, NAVY Engineering(Naval Archi- Logistics, Accounts and Meteorol- tects), Logistics, Law, Education, Air ogy. Traffic Control

Aeronautical Engineering Course AIR FORCE Flying, Aeronautical (AEC) Engineering (Electronics), Aeronau- 10.18 Aeronautical Engineering tical Engineering (Mechanical), Course envisages recruitment of Education, Administration, Logistics, qualified technical graduates through Accounts and Meteorology

137 10.20 Increase in intake of WSES DGNCC who forward the applica- (O): Women candidates are inducted tions of deserving cadets to the in the Indian Army through Women Recruiting Directorate. Special Entry Scheme (Officers) 10.23 Commission through ACC (WSES(O)). The scheme has been a Entry: The eligible Other Ranks success. Consequently the planned (ORs) from the three Services, after intake of WSES (O) has been in- 10+2 examination, can apply for creased from 50 to 75 per course regular commission through the and 150 per annum from September Army Cadet College (ACC) Entry. 2003. At present approximately 921 After selection through SSB and a Lady Officers are serving in the Medical Board, the cadets are Indian Army. trained at Army Cadet College, 10.21 Extension of Tenure of Dehradun for three years at the end SSCOs/WSESOs: As a measure to of which they get a graduation de- address the shortage of junior offic- gree. This is followed by one year ers in the units the Government pre-commission training at IMA, increased the tenure of Short Service Dehradun. Permanent Commission Commissioned Officers as well as is granted in all arms/services. Women Special Entry Scheme Offic- SPECIAL COMMISSIONED ers (WSESOs) in the Army from 10 to OFFICERS 14 years. NCC SPECIAL ENTRY 10.24 Government had approved the creation of a Support Cadre of 10.22 University graduates possess- Special Commissioned Officers. ing NCC ‘C’ Certificate with a mini- Eligible Junior Commissioned mum ‘B’ grade and 50% marks in Officers(JCOs) and Other Ranks graduation are eligible to apply for (ORs) fill up these posts. Under this commission into the Navy and the Air entry, JCOs/NCOs/ORs in the age Force as Regular Commissioned group of 30-35 years, with an Army Officers and as Short Service Com- Senior School Certificate Pass (Class missioned Officers in the Army. They 10+2 CBSE Pattern) qualification, are exempted from appearing in the are eligible for Commission after written exam (CDSE) conducted by screening/selection through Service the UPSC and are directly put Selection Board and a Medical through the SSB interview. Candi- Board. They have to undergo a pre- dates meeting the Qualitative Re- commission training of one year quirement (QR) have to apply duration at IMA, Dehradun. The through various NCC Directorates at officers so commissioned earn pro- state level. Screening is done by the motion upto the rank of Colonel. The

138 rules for substantive promotion and nel from non-technical trades are acting promotion are the same as for inducted in the Ground Duty regular officers. These officers are Branches. employed in units as sub unit Com- 10.27 Branch Commissioning: manders/Quarter Masters and on Under this entry, serving personnel of various Extra Regimental Employ- technical and non-technical trades of ment (ERE) appointments upto the the rank of Sergeant and above in rank of Major. They retire at the age the age group of 37 to 42 years with of 57 years after serving about 20-25 minimum educational qualification as years as officers. The scheme not 10th pass, are eligible for Commis- only improves the career prospects sion in the Indian Air Force after of the existing JCOs/NCOs/ORs but also helps in making up the defi- clearing a written exam, followed by ciency of officers in the Army to a AFSB selection tests and medical considerable extent. examination. Service personnel of technical trades are inducted in the 10.25 Induction through Perma- Technical Branch and personnel from nent Commission(Select List) non-technical trades are inducted in The eligible PBORs are Cadre: the Ground Duty Branches. granted Permanent Commission Special List (PC SL) after selection 10.28 Technical Entry Scheme by the SSB into various arms/ser- (10 + 2 TES): Qualified 10+2 Cen- vices. This entry has improved tral Board of Secondary Education/ motivation level of the PBORs. Indian Certificate for Secondary Education/State Board candidates 10.26 SNCO Commissioning in with Physics, Chemistry and Maths IAF: Under this entry, serving per- are eligible for commission in the sonnel with minimum 10 years of Army under the Technical Entry service (of technical and non-techni- Scheme (TES). On selection, they cal trades) of the rank of Sergeant undergo one year basic military and above upto the age of 36 years training at IMA Dehradun and there- and minimum educational qualifica- after undergo three years Engineer- tion as 10 + 2, are eligible for Com- ing degree course. On being com- mission in the Indian Air Force after missioned they are further put screening at unit level followed by through one year specialized training AFSB selection tests and medical of the Arms. Through this entry examination. However, candidates volunteer cadets can also seek possessing higher education qualifi- admission in the combat Arms. cation are preferred. Service person- nel of technical trades are inducted 10.29 10+2 Technical Entry in the Technical Branch and person- Scheme of the Navy: Under the

139 scheme, candidates with PCM in Army for the officers cadre. The class XII are selected through the means of publicity adopted to attract Services Selection Board, and are better talent are as follows: sent to INS Shivaji for four years (a) Press Advertisements: Ad- B.Tech degree course in Marine vertisements are released Engineering/Electrical Engineering. through the Directorate of 12 cadets from each batch are nomi- Advertising and Visual Public- nated for Naval Architecture degree ity (DAVP) in the Employment course at Cochin University of Sci- News/Rozgar Samachar and ence and Technology (CUSAT). in newspapers in different These cadets are granted Permanent languages for various entries Commission (PC) as Sub Lieuten- viz –UPSC and non-UPSC ants. The aim of this scheme is to entries. UPSC entries include provide well trained technical officers the National Defence to meet the requirement of PC offic- Academy(NDA), Indian Military ers in the Technical Branch. Academy(Direct Entry) and RECRUITMENT OF MEDICAL Officers Training AND DENTAL OFFICERS Academy{Short Service Commission(Non-technical)}. 10.30 Medical graduates from the Non-UPSC entries include Armed Forces Medical College, Pune Technical Graduate are directly inducted as Permanent Commission(TGC), University Commissioned Medical Officers in Entry Scheme(UES), 10+2 the Armed Forces. For recruitment Technical Entry Scheme(TES), of Regular Commissioned/Short Short Service Service Commissioned Medical Commission(Technical), Officers from the Graduates/Post Women Special Entry Scheme Graduates of Civil Medical Colleges (Officers), Short Service can also apply to the Directorate Commission(NCC Special General of the Armed Forces Medical Entry) and Judge Advocate Services (DGAFMS) who conducts General(JAG) Branch for law an all-India competitive examination graduates. Advertisements are and interview before induction as also released for Other Rank Medical Officers. categories viz. Havildar In- PUBLICITY FOR RECRUITMENT structors and Junior Commis- sioned Officers (Catering and 10.31 Measures have been taken to Religious Teachers) etc. Con- make the youth of our country more cerned Zonal Recruitment aware of the opportunities in the Offices (ZROs)/Branch Recruit-

140 ment Offices (BROs) also launched in print, audio, visual publish advertisements on and audio-visual media :- recruitment of Other Ranks in the local regional newspapers. (i) IPC-I - September 1997 to Advertisements are also pub- March 1998 lished in Journals brought out (ii) IPC-II - August 1999 to by educational Institutions. August 2000

(b) Hoardings: Hoardings are (iii) IPC-III - June 2002 to May erected at selected places in 2003 the country to attract best Based on the positive inputs young men and women to join received from the above three cam- the Armed Forces. paigns, the fourth phase of the (c) Printed Publicity: Information Image Projection Campaign (IPC-IV) folders, leaflets, brochures, is likely to be launched by mid 2005. data cards, posters and blow- TRAINING FOR DEFENCE ups, prepared through the SERVICES DAVP and private professional agencies, are widely distrib- 10.32 Several features distinguish uted. Human Resource Management in the Defence Sector. The aim of the (d) Exhibition and Fairs: Every training is to equip the officers and year, at the Defence pavilion soldiers with necessary inputs to at the India International Trade make them efficient fighting men and Fair, New Delhi, a stall is estab- also well-informed on national and lished where information international developments. The regarding recruitment is pro- environment in which the defence vided to visitors. This is also officers have to work, demands a done in other organized fairs, holistic approach to training. The which are career oriented and training requirements are properly meant for students. matched for the freshly recruited officers, for officers in need of ad- (e) Image Projection Campaign: vanced and specialised training, and To make young persons aware for Other Ranks (ORs). Accordingly, of the opportunities available as a large number of training institutions commissioned officers, the in the Defence Sector work in coordi- following Image Projection nation with one another to achieve Campaigns (IPC) were these objectives.

141 SAINIK SCHOOLS 10.36 The entrance examination consists of a written examination and 10.33 Sainik Schools were estab- an interview. Admission is further lished as joint venture between the subject to the candidates being Central and State Government and found medically fit according to under the overall governance of medical standards prescribed for Sainik Schools Society. At present entry to National Defence Academy. there are 20 Sainik Schools. The Sainik Schools aim at developing in 10.37 Sainik Schools are wholly cadets sound character, team spirit, residential schools run on public patriotic outlook and desire to serve school lines. All the Sainik Schools the country. The Sainik Schools are also members of the All India have been the major institutions for Public Schools Conference. They preparing boys to enter the Armed offer a common curriculum and are Forces through National Defence affiliated to the Central Board of Academy (NDA). Secondary Education, and follow the 10+2 pattern of education. As on 10.34 The objectives of Sainik date more than 6000 officers of the Schools include bringing quality Defence forces are alumni of Sainik public school education within the Schools. reach of the common man, all round personality development of a child MILITARY SCHOOLS and to remove regional imbalance in 10.38 The Five Military Schools in the officer’s cadre of the Armed the country at Ajmer, Bangalore, Forces. Belgaum, Dholpur and Chail are 10.35 Sainik Schools admit boys in affiliated to CBSE. The Military classes VI and IX. Their age should Schools admit boys in class VI, be 10-11 years for class VI and 13-14 based on an all India Entrance years for class IX as on 1st July of the Examination. In the Military Schools, year in which admission is sought. 67% seats are reserved for the wards Admissions are made strictly in the of JCOs/ORs called “entitled cat- order of merit on the basis of an egory”. Out of 33 % non-entitled Entrance Examination held in Janu- category seats, 20% are reserved ary each year. The forms for admis- for wards of service officers and sion are available with the schools 13 % for wards of civilians. normally in the month of November 10.39 The aim of the Military and Entrance Tests are held on 3rd Schools is to impart quality educa- Sunday of January every year. tion to enable the students to take All

142 India Secondary School Examination cadets as future officers of the De- and Senior Secondary Certificate fence Services. Entry into NDA is Examination conducted by CBSE based on a competitive examination and also to facilitate their entry into conducted by the UPSC. Cadets of the NDA. all three services viz Army, Navy and RASHTRIYA INDIAN MILITARY Air Force undergo combined training COLLEGE (RIMC), DEHRADUN at NDA for three years. After passing out from NDA, the cadets go to their 10.40 The Rashtriya Indian Military respective service academies for College (RIMC), Dehradun was specialized training before being founded on March 13th,1922, with commissioned in the Armed Forces. the objective of providing the neces- The Academy is a unique institution sary preliminary training to the boys where Inter Service aspects are of Indian birth or domicile, wishing to developed right from the formative become officers in the Armed Forces stages of an officer, thus developing of India. The Institution now serves a bond of friendship and respect for as a feeder institute to the National each other’s service. Defence Academy, Khadakvasla 10.43 The academic curriculum of (Pune), where cadets of the Army, NDA is in tune with the National Navy and Air Force receive their educational format of 10+2+3. The initial training. syllabus of the Academy has been 10.41 Selection for RIMC is through approved by the Jawaharlal Nehru a written examination-cum-viva-voce University for grant of BA or BSc. conducted through the State Govern- degree at the time of passing out ments. Seats for respective states from the Academy. Presently cadets are reserved based on population. from Bhutan, Maldives, Lesotho, The intake into RIMC is biennial, in Krygstan and Palestine are also January and July, wherein 25 cadets undergoing training at NDA. per term are admitted with maximum INDIAN MILITARY ACADEMY, strength of RIMC being 250. The DEHRADUN intake is at Class VIII for boys in the age groups 11 ½ to 13 years. The 10.44 The Indian Military Academy, college runs classes in science founded in 1932, has a glorious and stream on 10+2 CBSE pattern. colourful history. It aims at the fullest NATIONAL DEFENCE ACADEMY, development of intellectual, moral KHADAKVASLA and physical qualities with basic military training and broad academic 10.42 NDA is a premier Joint Ser- education. IMA also imparts training vices Institution for training of young to Gentlemen Cadets from friendly 143 Chetwode Building : IMA countries like Maldives, Mauritius, OFFICER TRAINING ACADEMY, Lesotho, Palestine and Bhutan. CHENNAI

10.45 The various modes of entry 10.46 The Officers Training Acad- into IMA are:- emy was established in 1963 as Officers Training School(OTS) to (a) On graduation from NDA; (b) meet the increased demand of offic- On graduation from Army Cadet ers in the Army. It was re-designated College, which is a Wing of the IMA as Officers Training Academy (OTA) itself; (c) Direct entry graduate ca- from January 1st, 1988 on comple- dets, who join on qualifying in the tion of 25 years of its existence. Its Union Public Service Commission main task was to train Gentlemen Examination and the Services Selec- Cadets for grant of Emergency tion Board; (d) Technical Graduate; Commission but from 1965 onwards, (e) University Entry Scheme(UES) for after which the Emergency Commis- engineering college students in final/ sion was dispensed with, the Acad- pre-final year of studies; and (f) 10+2 emy started training cadets for Short Technical Entry Scheme(TES) for Service Commission. candidates who have passed 10+2 with more than 70% marks in Phys- 10.47 Since September 21st, 1992 ics, Chemistry and Mathematics. the Indian Army has opened up its

144 Passing out parade in OTA portals for entry of women as com- ARMY WAR COLLEGE, MHOW missioned officers. Initially 50 lady 10.49 Army War College, earlier cadets were commissioned every known as College of Combat was year, with the entries limited to Army created out of Infantry School and Service Corps, Army Education Corps, Judge Advocate General’s established as an independent st Department, Corps of Engineers, institution on April 1 , 1971. The re- Signals and Electrical and Mechani- designation as Army War College cal Engineers. Approximately 100 was implemented with effect from th Lady Officers get commissioned January 15 , 2003. It is a premier All from OTA every year. Arms Tactical Training Institution for officers and performs the important 10.48 The OTA imparts pre-commis- functions of evaluation of new con- sion training to the following cepts and doctrines in the fields of courses:- tactics and logistics. (a) Short Service Commission 10.50 COURSES (Non Technical) for Graduates. (a) Higher Command Course: (b) Short Service Commission Aims to train officers for higher com- (Technical) for Engineering mand, with particular reference to Graduates. command of a division and for hold- (c) Short Service Commission ing senior staff appointments. One (Women) for Graduate/Post course of 40 weeks duration is run Graduate Lady Cadets. only for Indian officers from all three 145 services. 55 officers are trained commanders for command of their every year. formations in field and peace.

(b) Senior Command Course: JUNIOR LEADERS WING, Aims to train selected Majors/Lieu- BELGAUM tenant Colonels of all arms and 10.51 The Junior Leaders Wing at services in the tactical employment Belgaum imparts training to junior of a Battalion/Combat Group as part officers, JCOs and NCOs in Sub- of a Brigade or Combat Command in cooperation with air and other arms Unit level Tactical and Special and services, as also, in the training Mission Techniques to enable them and administration of a unit in peace to carry out assigned operational and war. Each course of 13 weeks missions in varied terrain under duration trains 150 officers and severe stress and strain and be approximately 10% vacancies are able to command and administer offered to friendly foreign countries, their Sub-Units effectively in war Para Military Forces and Central and peace. It trains officers and Police Organisations. Three such NCOs of Army, Para Military Forces, courses are run every year. Central Police Organisations and friendly foreign countries in com- (c) Junior Command Course: mando type operations and make Aimed at training officers of all arms and services in the tactical employ- them capable of either forming part ment of a Rifle Company/Combat of special mission groups or lead- team as part of a Battalion Group or ing independent missions in all a Combat Group, in cooperation with types of terrain and operational air and other arms and services, as environment. also in the training and administra- JUNIOR LEADERS ACADEMY, tion of a sub unit in peace and war. BAREILLY Each course of 10 weeks duration trains 400 officers and approximately 10.52 Junior Leaders Academy(JLA) 10% vacancies are offered to friendly was set up in 1998 with the aim of foreign countries, Para Military imparting institutionalised training in Forces and Central Police leadership and related subjects to the Organisations. Four such courses Junior Leaders i.e. JCOs and Senior are run every year. NCOs of all arms and services with a view to make them more effective. (d). Formation Commanders Orientation Programme (FCOP): 10.53 The following courses are The aim of this 4 weeks programme conducted for JCOs/NCOs of all is to prepare potential divisional Arms and Services:-

146 (a) Junior Leaders Course (JLC): countries and Indian Civil Services. It is a six weeks course for The alumni of this college have risen newly promoted JCOs and to great eminence in the country Senior NCOs (approved for and abroad. On its inception in promotion to be JCOs). Six 1905, the Staff College was tempo- courses are run annually to rarily set up at Deolali. By 1950 the train 3,240 students. Army Staff College was progres- sively transformed into a fully inte- (b) Potential Subedar Majors grated Defence Services Staff Col- (PSMs) Orientation Course: lege at Wellington. The College It is a four weeks course for now trains 430 student officers 108 newly promoted Subedar annually, including officers from Majors or Senior Subedars friendly foreign countries and Indian (approved for promotion to Civil Services. Subedar Majors). Six courses are run annually to train 640 10.56 The aim of the Staff Course is students. to train selected officers of the three JUNIOR LEADERS ACADEMY, Services in command and staff functions in peace and war, in own RAMGARH service, inter-service and joint service 10.54 Considering the gigantic environment, as also to provide related general education to enable magnitude of our Army, the require- them to perform effectively in ment of training Junior Leaders was command and staff appointments felt to raise another JLA. It was tenable by Majors to Colonels and decided to raise the JLA at an interim equivalent ranks. location at Ramgarh in Bihar in 2001. JLA Ramgarh has been organized on 10.57 The course is of 45 weeks the same lines as JLA Bareilly. The duration, sub divided into six tutorial institution has commenced training periods each of five to nine weeks. from February 2003 for 648 students The course normally commences in every year. the third week of June and ends in DEFENCE SERVICES STAFF the last week of April of the following COLLEGE, WELLINGTON year. The DSSC awards the symbol of PSC (Passed Staff Course) on 10.55 The Defence Services Staff successful completion of training. College (DSSC) is a premier tri- The DSSC is affiliated to the service training establishment im- University of Madras which awards parting training to the middle level MSc (Defence and Strategic Studies) officers of the three wings of Indian degree to all students who qualify on Armed Forces, friendly foreign the course. 147 HIGH ALTITUDE WARFARE Counter Insurgency techniques, SCHOOL(HAWS), GULMARG Language Courses in Assamese, Bodo, Nagamese, Manipuri/Tangkhul 10.58 The aim of the School is to and Pre-induction Training (PIT) for train selected personnel in all as- all units prior to induction into insur- pects of high altitude (HA), mountain gency areas. It evolves and reviews warfare and develop techniques for tactical doctrine and techniques for fighting in such terrain. The School operations in Counter Insurgency & functions as the army nodal instruc- Jungle Warfare and keeps abreast tional facility for specialised training with all tactical and technical aspects and dissemination of approved of insurgency in other parts of the doctrines in HA, mountain and snow world by studying foreign publica- warfare. It is a center for developing tions. inputs on HA, mountain and snow warfare to HQ Army Training Com- 10.61 A number of students from mand. Para Military Forces and friendly foreign countries like Sri Lanka, 10.59 HAWS conduct two series of Nepal, Singapore, Kenya, Iraq, courses, Mountain Warfare (MW) and Bhutan and USA also attend the Winter Warfare (WW) at Sonmarg above courses. Specialised training and Gulmarg respectively. Combined for Royal Nepal Army has also been training is conducted for all courses conducted at the CIJW School. for officers, JCOs and NCOs. The COUNTER INSURGENCY PRE- training period broadly consists of INDUCTION TRAINING BATTLE January to April, (WW Series) and SCHOOLS May to October (MW Series). In the field of adventure sports, especially 10.62 Due to escalation of insur- skiing and mountaineering, the gency problem in Jammu & Kash- School has excelled itself. Personnel mir and in the East, a need was felt from the School have scaled most of to impart pre-induction training to the important peaks in the world all units being inducted into including Everest, Kanchenjunga counter insurgency environment. and Mt Mckinley in the USA. Capacity of CIJW School was lim- COUNTER INSURGENCY & ited, besides peculiar operational JUNGLE WARFARE SCHOOL, situation and administrative prob- EIRANGTE lems of movement of units, it was necessary to impart training to units 10.60 The Counter Insurgency & in areas closer to their areas of Jungle Warfare (CIJW) conducts operation. To overcome these courses for Officers, JCOs/NCOs in problems, three Corps Battle 148 Schools from within the resources Guided Missile Course, Medium of the Army have been established Machine Gun and Automatic at Kheru, Sarol and Bhalra for units Grenade Launcher (J/N) Course, moving into Northern Command Section Commanders Course, and at Thakurbari for units moving Automatic Data Processing Course, into Assam and Meghalaya. Pre- Sniper Course and Support Weapon induction training in these schools Course. The institution is training has benefited all the units, as they Officers, JCOs and ORs of not only were able to understand the pecu- infantry but other arms and services liarities of the insurgency problem besides Para Military Forces and in their locality. Besides training for Civil Police Organisations. The counter insurgency, these schools institution is presently training more especially in the Northern Com- than 7,000 officers, JCOs and NCOs mand are training units for their role in a year. along line of control and high alti- 10.65 Army Marksmanship Unit is tude. part of the Infantry School and has INFANTRY SCHOOL, MHOW earned great laurels in India and Asia. The Army Marksmanship Unit is 10.63 The Infantry School is one of involved in training Army and Na- the largest and the oldest Military tional Shooting Teams. The aim of Training Institution of the Indian this unit is to achieve excellence at Army. The origin of the institution International Level Precision Shoot- can be traced back to 1885. The ing Competitions. The institution has present Infantry School owes its produced shooters like Major Rajya origin to a decision taken shortly Vardhan Singh Rathore who won the after independence to amalgamate Silver Medal in Athens Olympics in various tactical and weapons training 2004. institutions of the infantry into one single Infantry School of instruction COLLEGE OF DEFENCE at Mhow. MANAGEMENT, SECUNDERABAD 10.64 Courses conducted at Infan- try School are Young Officers 10.66 The College is entrusted with Course, Platoon Weapon Course, the responsibility of conducting the Mortar Course, Anti Tank and under mentioned courses/capsules,

149 as ‘In House‘ and ‘External’ Capsules :-

(a) In-house Programmes/Courses: Name of the No of Courses Duration Strength Total Course Per Year (Weeks) Per Course Per Year (i) Long Defence Management Course 1 44 90 90 (ii) Senior Defence Management Course 2 6 33 66 (iii) Defence Management Programme 1 2 20 20 (iv) Assignment Oriented Management Training 5 1 35 175 Total 351

(b) External Capsules: ened leadership, efficient resource management and effective decision (i) Management capsules for making ability to meet the challenges Army War College, College of to national security. Naval Warfare, College of Air Warfare, Institute of Armament COLLEGE OF MATERIALS Technology and Defence MANAGEMENT, JABALPUR Services Staff College. 10.68 The College owes its lineage (ii) External leadership cap- to ‘Indian Army Ordnance Corps sules for training of trainers, at (IAOC) School of Instruction’ estab- National Defence Academy, lished at Kirkee in October 1925. Indian Military Academy, The School was later re-designated Officers Training Academy and as IAOC Training Centre in February Air Force Academy. 1939 and shifted to its present loca- tion at Jabalpur. In January 1950, it (iii) External capsule on Effec- became the Army Ordnance Corps tive Decision Making for the (AOC) School. With the changing three Services, separately for doctrines of training and the ad- each Service. vanced concepts introduced, the 10.67 The College of Defence Man- AOC School was renamed as Col- agement is a Tri Service Organisation lege of Materials Management commanded by a two star flag of- (CMM) in 1987. Decades of dedi- ficer. Mission of the College of De- cated commitment in the field of fence Management is to evolve the management education impelled the process of development of manage- College getting affiliated to the Uni- ment thought that leads to enlight- versity of Jabalpur (Rani Durgavati

150 Vishwa Vidhyalaya) in 1987 and soon ment, both Indian and foreign, is also its proven excellence earned the carried out. CMM an autonomous status in 1990. 10.71 The School of Artillery has The College is also registered as a trained a large number of Officers, ‘Government College’ with the Uni- JCOs and NCOs in the year to help versity Grants Commission. The them to imbibe and develop techni- approval of All India Council of Tech- cal skills and expertise in operating nical Education (AICTE) was another and employing artillery weapon milestone in the achievements of the systems. During the year, several College. officers and personnel from various 10.69 The College is accredited with foreign countries were also imparted National Assessment and Accredita- training. tion Council (NAAC), an autonomous ARMY AIR DEFENCE COLLEGE, body constituted under the UGC Act. GOPALPUR NAAC has awarded Five Star (High- est) Accreditation to the College. The 10.72 Army Air Defence College college imparts necessary institu- (AADC) earlier functioned as a wing tional training to all ranks of AOC and of School of Artillery, Deolali till civilians entrusted with management October 1989, when it was moved of Ordnance support in the Indian to Gopalpur as a precursor to Army. It also imparts training in bifurcation of Air Defence Artillery handling unit administration and from the main branch of Artillery. material management to selected The college trains personnel of Air officers, JCOs and other ranks of all Defence Artillery, other arms and arms and services. armed forces personnel of foreign SCHOOL OF ARTILLERY, countries in Air Defence related DEOLALI subjects.

10.70 The School of Artillery, Deolali 10.73 The Army Air Defence College is the academic centre for various conducts a number of courses, such sub-disciplines of the science and as, Long Gunnery Staff Course methodology of artillery warfare. It (Officers), Young Officers Course, imparts technical training to officers, Electronic Warfare Course, Senior JCOs and NCOs of the regiment of Command Air Defence Course, Long Artillery on artillery weapons and Gunnery Staff Course, Junior Com- systems including training of pilots missioned Officer /Non Commis- for Air Observation Post duties. sioned Officer Technical Instructors Besides the review of doctrines, Fire Control Course, Aircraft Recog- study and trials of artillery equip- nition Course, Unit Instructors and 151 Crew Based Training and Automated University, Bhopal with academic Data Processing Course. and administrative powers to design, ARMY SERVICE CORPS CENTRE conduct, test and award its own AND COLLEGE, BANGALORE courses and degrees.

10.74 Army Service Corps Centre 10.76 The Department of Map Craft (South) and Army School of Me- runs the Map Reading Instructors chanical Transport were merged with Course for AEC Officers and PBORs ASC Centre at Bangalore to establish of all Arms and Services of Indian Army Service Corps (ASC) Centre Army, Para Military Forces personnel and College at Bangalore on May and personnel from friendly foreign st 1 , 1999. The Centre and countries. The duration of Map Craft College(C&C) is a premier training Instructors Course is of 10 weeks institute imparting basic and ad- and is structured to impart sound vanced training in multifarious disci- knowledge in Map Craft and all its plines viz logistics management, transport management, catering, applications. automated data processing etc to 10.77 The Unit Education Instructors Officers, Junior Commissioned (UEI) Course is an invaluable course Officers, Other Ranks and recruits of in training of ORs from all Arms and Army Service Corps as well as other Services of the Indian Army to be arms and services. Since 1992 the ASC College is affiliated to effective instructors in their Units. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly for The Course duration is of 12 weeks. award of diplomas/degrees in Logis- 10.78 The Foreign Language Wing tics and Resource Management. (FLW), which is one of the three ARMY EDUCATION CORPS Divisions of the AEC Training College TRAINING COLLEGE & CENTRE, & Centre, has today established itself PACHMARHI as one of the premier nodes of

10.75 The Army Education Corps foreign language training, not only in (AEC) Training College & Centre, the Armed Forces but in the national Pachmarhi is a Defence Seat of academic environment too. The FLW Excellence in Educational Training in has two digitised language labs, the Armed Forces. Only one of its each with a capacity of 20 students. kind, it is both a Category ‘A’ estab- Recently, a Computer Aided Lan- lishment and a Category ‘A’ Regi- guage Learning Lab has been estab- mental Centre. It is also an Autono- lished at FLW for training in regional mous College affiliated to Barkatullah and foreign languages. 152 MILITARY MUSIC WING, ARMY SPORTS INSTITUTE, PACHMARHI PUNE

10.79 The Military Music Wing 10.81 To restore national pride in the (MMW) was raised in October 1950 hearts of our fellow countrymen and under the patronage of the then C- to project a winning image of the in-C General (later Field Marshal) Army, Government had approved the KM Cariappa, as a part of the AEC establishment of an Army Sports Training College & Centre, Institute at Pune and Army Sports Nodes in selected disciplines at Pachmarhi. It is the only institution various places in the country. Army of its kind in India. The Military Sports Institute, Pune started func- Music Wing has a rich treasure of tioning with effect from July 2nd, more than 200 musical composi- 2001. Appropriate funds have been tions to its credit and has also earmarked for state of the art infra- excelled in maintaining the stan- structure and equipment coupled dard of military music in India with food habitat, foreign exposure through a diverse range of courses and training under foreign coaches. designed to train the recruit bands- ARMY SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL men, pipers or drummers, starting TRAINING, PUNE from the rudiments of music till they attain a state of perfect musical 10.82 Army School of Physical proficiency. Training (ASPT) is a premier institu- REMOUNT AND VETERINARY tion imparting systematic and com- CORPS CENTRE & SCHOOL, prehensive instruction to personnel MEERUT of the Army regarding the conduct of Physical Training in units and sub 10.80 The Remount and Veterinary units. It also imparts basic training in Corps (RVC) Center and School, Sports and Games with a view to located in Meerut, is the alma mater improve standard in the Army and complement physical training of all RVC personnel. The aim of through recreation in games and the School is to train officers and sports. These courses are attended personnel below officer rank of all by Officers, JCOs and ORs of the Arms and Services on animal man- Army, Para Military Forces and from agement and veterinary aspects. friendly foreign countries. ASPT has Eleven courses for officers and six started six allied sports courses in for PBORs are conducted. The collaboration with National Institute total strength of students being of Sports in Boxing, Volleyball, trained is 250. Basketball, Swimming and Life 153 Saving, Judo and Yoga Courses for degrees. All India Council for Techni- PBORs. cal Education (AICTE) also COMBAT ARMY AVIATOR recognises the graduate and post TRAINING SCHOOL(CAATS) graduate courses run by the CME. The College trains on an average 10.83 Combat Army Aviator Training 1500 officers and 800 personnel School(CAATS) was raised at Nasik below officer ranks every year. Road in May 2003 to train aviators in MILITARY COLLEGE OF aviation skills and handling of avia- ELECTRONICS & MECHANICAL tion units in various operations of ENGINEERING war, and also to train aviation instruc- SECUNDERABAD tors, develop Standard Operating Procedures(SOPs) and assist Army 10.85 The role of Military College Of Training Command in development Electronics & Mechanical Engineer- of Aviation Tactical Doctrine in syn- ing (MCEME) is to provide technical ergy with ground troops. The education to all ranks of EME, includ- courses run in the School are Pre ing civilians, in various disciplines of Basic Pilot Course, Basic Army engineering, weapon systems and Aviation Course, Pre-Qualified Flying equipment with special reference to Instructor Course, Aviation Instructor their maintenance, repairs and in- Helicopter Course, Helicopter spection and to provide training in Conversion on type, Flight Com- management and tactics at senior, manders Course and New Equip- middle and supervisory levels. The ment Course. MCEME is designed to train 1760 COLLEGE OF MILITARY personnel (all ranks). It conducts a ENGINEERING, PUNE range of 13 officers courses and 61 different courses for PBORs. 10.84 The College of Military CORPS OF MILITARY POLICE Engineering(CME) at Pune is a CENTRE & SCHOOL, premier technical institution. The BANGALORE training is conducted for personnel of the Corps of Engineers, other 10.86 The aim of the School is to Arms and Services, Navy, Air Force, train officers and PBORs on military Para Military Forces, Police and and police duties in legal, investiga- Civilians. Besides, personnel from tion, traffic control etc. Four courses friendly foreign countries are also for officers and fourteen courses for trained. CME is affiliated to Jawahar PBORs are being conducted. Total Lal Nehru University(JNU) for the strength of students being trained is award of B. Tech and M. Tech 910.

154 ARMY AIRBORNE TRAINING ing Faculties and Wings, the Col- SCHOOL, AGRA lege has a Department of Adminis- tration to provide administrative 10.87 The Army Airborne Training and logistic support to the staff and School (AATS) is located at Kilometer the students, a Conceptual Studies Stone 05 on the Agra - Jaipur high- Cell to evolve communication way. It was previously designated as doctrines and produce training Army Air Transport Support School material, a modern and well- (AATSS). Based upon the directive stocked library, and an in- house given by the Chief of Army Staff in printing press. Trainees are given response to a long time felt need to an opportunity to study and train in concentrate all Airborne training a formal setting with a view to under one single agency, the Army imbibe and inculcate in them the Air Transport Support School was requisite skills, knowledge and redesigned as Army Airborne Train- abilities necessary to perform tasks at their current and future levels of ing School with effect from January responsibility. 15th, 1992. MILITARY INTELLIGENCE 10.88 Presently five types of army TRAINING SCHOOL & DEPOT courses and a total of 9 courses in a training year are being conducted by 10.90 The Military Intelligence the school. These courses are sub- Training School and Depot is a scribed by Indian Army (All arms/ premier establishment responsible services), Para Military Forces as well for imparting training on Intelli- as by the students from friendly gence Acquisition, Counter Intelli- foreign countries. gence and Security aspects to all MILITARY COLLEGE OF ranks of the Indian Army, Navy, Air TELECOMMUNICATION Force and Para Military Forces. ENGINEERING, MHOW The School also imparts training to personnel of friendly foreign 10.89 Military College of Telecom- armies. Apart from the above, munication Engineering (MCTE), civilian officers of the Department Mhow is the Alma Mater of all Sig- nal Officers. They are trained in of Revenue Intelligence are also Combat Communication, Electronic trained at this establishment. The Warfare, Communication Engineer- School trains approximately over ing, Computer Technology, Regi- 350 Officers and 1100 Junior Com- mental Signal Communications and missioned Officers / Non Commis- Cryptology. Besides the five Train- sioned Officers every year. 155 ELECTRONICS AND was established at Shimla. On MECHANICAL ENGINEERING August 26th, 1989 the institute was SCHOOL, VADODARA shifted to Kamptee.

10.91 Consequent to the re-designa- 10.94 The Charter of Duties of the tion of the Corps of Electrical and School is to cater for a comprehen- Mechanical Engineering (EME) to sive system of legal education for Corps of Electronics and Mechanical officers of all Arms and Services of Engineers, the EME School has been the Army and to undertake wide re-designated as ‘Electronics and ranging research, development and Mechanical Engineering School’ with dissemination work in the field of effect from June 1st, 2001. Military and allied laws.

10.92 The EME School conducts ARMOURED CORPS CENTRE & post-graduate level courses for SCHOOL, AHMEDNAGAR officers and diploma and certificate 10.95 In 1948, after partition, the level courses for PBOR. A number of Training Wings, the Recruits Training foreign officers and PBOR from friendly countries have been attend- Centre and Armoured Corps Depot ing various courses conducted at and Records were shifted to EME School. Ahmadnagar where the fighting Vehicles School was already func- INSTITUTE OF MILITARY LAW, tional and they were all amalgam- KAMPTEE ated to form the Armoured Corps 10.93 In the Army, justice is adminis- Centre and School and Armoured tered by the Commanders at various Corps Records. It has six wings levels. Minor offences can be dis- namely School of Armoured War- posed of summarily by powers fare, School of Technical training, vested in them under the provisions Basic Training Regiment, Driving of the Army Act. For grave offences, and Maintenance Regiment, Auto- Courts Martial are assembled on the motive Regiment and Armament orders of superior commanders. and Electronics Regiment for Commanding Officers are empow- Specialised training in these disci- ered to hold Summary Courts Mar- plines. tial, decision of these Tribunals are TRAINING OF FOREIGN ARMY not appeal-able. It is, therefore, PERSONNEL essential to judiciously exercise these powers and adhere to the laid 10.96 After Operation Vijay and down procedures. With this back- Operation Parakram, the interest of ground, the Institute of Military Law foreign armies for training in Indian

156 Army establishments has increased Affairs. Courses are also availed by tremendously. Army personnel from Nepal and Bhutan under Special neighbouring countries, South East Aide Programme of Ministry of Asia, Central Asian Republic (CAR), Defence. Under this programme, African continent and a few devel- personnel from developing coun- oped countries are being trained in tries get training in service institu- India. tions free of cost or at subsidized 10.97 The Government of India rates. Developed western countries provides assistance to the develop- also send their officers for training to ing and under developed nations our institutions on reciprocal basis under the International Technical and on self-financing basis by pay- and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) ing cost of training and other related programme of Ministry of External charges.

157 158 11

RESETTLEMENT AND wELFARE OF eX-sERVICEMEN

Raksha Pension Adalat

159 RESETTLEMENT AND wELFARE OF eX-sERVICEMEN

11.1 In order to maintain a youthful curred on the organisation of Rajya profile of the Armed Forces, approxi- Sainik Boards while the remaining mately 60,000 service personnel are expenditure is borne by the respec- retired/released every year at a tive State Governments. The Director- comparatively younger age. At the ate General of Resettlement (DGR) time of retirement, majority of service under the Ministry of Defence looks personnel are at an age where they after all matters connected with the have numerous unfinished responsi- resettlement and welfare of ex-ser- bilities which necessitate their taking vicemen and their dependants. up a second occupation. As per 11.2 Resettlement: The primary statistics maintained, a total of thrust of the Directorate General of 18,94,962 Ex-Servicemen (ESM) and Resettlement, Kendriya Sainik Board, 4,01,319 widows have been regis- Rajya Sainik Boards and Zila Sainik tered and reported to be surviving as Boards is on dignified resettlement on September 30th, 2004. The Ex- and efforts are made to explore Servicemen population is mainly various avenues for employment of concentrated in the States of Punjab, ex-servicemen. With a view to re- Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, settle/re-employ ex-servicemen, the Maharashtra, Kerala, Rajasthan, Central Government arranges the Uttaranchal and Tamil Nadu. following:- Kendriya Sainik Board (KSB) under the chairmanship of the Raksha (a) Training programmes to re- Mantri lays down general policies for orient retiring Defence person- nel towards civil employment; the welfare of ex-servicemen and their dependents, for administration (b) Reservation of posts for pro- of welfare funds, and also for coordi- viding employment opportuni- nating the work of the Sainik Boards ties in government/semi- in the country. Similarly, at the State government/public sector level the Rajya Sainik Boards (RSBs) organizations and assistance and at the district level the Zila Sainik in employment with corporate Boards (ZSBs) have been estab- sector; lished. The Government of India (c) Schemes for self-employment; bears 50% of the expenditure in- and 160 (d) Assistance in enterpre- three months’ duration to degree/ neurship and setting up small diploma courses, via distant learning scale industries. programme, of one to three years TRAINING PROGRAMMES duration. The courses are conducted in subjects like Information Technol- 11.3 Training for preparing both ex- ogy, Security Services, Entrepre- servicemen and retiring service neurship Development, Business personnel for their resettlement in Administration, Personnel Manage- civil life is one of the major func- ment, Hotel Management, Tourism, tions entrusted to the Directorate Human Resource Development, Law, General of Resettlement. This year Insurance and miscellaneous topics. the Directorate General of Resettle- Recently, management courses of six ment has introduced some new months duration have been intro- courses which will provide nation- duced at Management Development ally/internationally accepted certifi- Institute, Gurgaon and Indian Insti- cation to facilitate retired persons to tute of Management, Lucknow. get quick employment within/out- Computer diploma courses for six side the country. The programme months have also been introduced in includes courses on information various institutions across the coun- technology, managerial science, try. Details of officers’ courses are technical skills and agro based published each year and distributed industries. Constant endeavour is down to each unit and Zila Sainik made to improve the quality of Board. training by regular monitoring. The courses are reviewed every year to 11.5 JCOs/ORs Equivalent Train- include courses in new fields based ing: Resettlement Training on the participation in current Programmes for Junior Commis- requirements of civil market and sioned Officers/Other Ranks and corporate world and also to delete their equivalent from the other ser- obsolete courses. vices are carried out under three different schemes, viz. Vocational 11.4 Officers’ Training: The Direc- Training, On the Job Training (OJT) torate General of Resettlement and ITI Training. Details of courses organises employment oriented are published each year through a training programmes for officers to brochure distributed down to each enhance their qualifications and unit and Zila Sainik Board. enable them to seek suitable em- ployment after retirement. The Re- (i) Vocational Training settlement Training Programmes Programmes : Under Vocational range from vocational courses of Training Programmes, courses in

161 diversified fields are conducted for a cessful candidates are awarded duration of upto one year in govern- National Trade Certificate (NTC). ment, semi-government and private (iii) ITI Training: All ITI courses institutes spread all over the country. commence on 1st of August each Courses are conducted in fields like year and are of one to two years Security Services, Management, duration. Under this scheme, retiring Information Technology, Travel and ex-servicemen begin to acquire their Tourism including Adventure Tour- chosen skills while still in service. ism, Entrepreneurship Development, During the first year, the individual Technical (including medical) trades, continues to draw his full pay non-technical trades, secretarial whereas in the second year he re- support services, agro based indus- ceives a stipend from Rajya Sainik try and many other miscellaneous Board of the State. On completion of trades. Under this scheme more the course the individual is awarded than 350 courses are conducted in a a National Trade Certificate on pass- year. This year courses offered by ing an examination held by Central the Confederation of Indian Training Institute. Industry(CII) under the City and Guilds banner, with internationally 11.6 Ex-Servicemen (ESM) Train- accepted certification, have been ing: Under this scheme, funds are introduced for Personnel Below allotted to RSBs for conducting Officer Rank (PBOR) to improve their vocational training for ESM in their employment avenues within/outside States. The scheme is primarily the country. meant for those ESM who could not avail the facility of resettlement (ii) “On the Job” Training : training while in service. The Under this scheme, retiring service- scheme has also been extended to men are trained in more than 60 the widow/one dependent of an workshops of 27 Public Sector Un- ESM. dertakings (PSUs) and Central/State Government departments. The 11.7 The details of personnel training is provided in nine different imparted training in various fields trades for a period of nine months. during the last five years till Novem- On completion of this training, suc- ber 30, 2004, are as follows :-

SCHEME 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 Officers’ Training 387 409 353 583 679 PBOR Training 5718 3518 2958 4019 3016 ‘On the job’ Training 1452 1363 1027 1027 1103 ITI Training 2675 1510 1510 2821 2905

162 RE-EMPLOYMENT reservation already reserved in government jobs for SC/ST/OBCs. 11.8 The central and state govern- ments provide a number of conces- 11.10 Security Agencies: The sions to ex-servicemen for their re- DGR registers/sponsors security employment in central/state govern- agencies for providing security ment posts. These include reserva- guards to various PSUs and indus- tion of posts/relaxation in age and tries in the private sector. The educational qualifications, exemption scheme offers good self-employ- from payment of application/exami- ment opportunities to retired offic- nation fees, and priority in employ- ers and adequate employment ment to the disabled ESM and opportunity to ex-PBORs in a field dependants of deceased service where they have sufficient exper- personnel on compassionate tise. The Department of Public grounds. Enterprises (DPE) had issued instructions to all PSUs to get 11.9 Reservation in Government security personnel through DGR Jobs: The Central Government has sponsored Security Agencies. The reserved 10% of Group “C” posts scheme has shown good results. and 20% of Group “D” posts for The DGR has also written to the ESM, while central PSUs and Chief Secretaries of all the States nationalised banks provide 14.5% urging them to issue suitable in- reservation in Group “C” and 24.5% structions to all concerned under in Group “D” posts. 10% posts of their jurisdiction to obtain security Assistant Commandants in paramili- cover through DGR empanelled tary forces are also reserved for agencies, thereby furthering the ESM. In Security Corps, 100% cause of resettling ex-servicemen. vacancies are reserved for ESM. In addition, most state governments are 11.11 Placement of JCOs/ORs: providing reservations to ESM in The details of ex-servicemen, who state government jobs. It has, how- have been provided employment ever, not been possible to have through Directorate General of statutory backing to the scheme of Resettlement (DGR) and Zila reservations being provided, due to Sainik Welfare Offices in the States the overall ceiling of 50% imposed during the last seven years is as by the Supreme Court, and 49.5% follows:

163 PLACEMENT OF JCOs / ORs

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Central Govt 5188 3992 4035 4982 5153 5503 3508* State Govt 2825 2540 2219 2136 2162 3092 2177* Private Sector 3304 3068 2766 3221 3051 3064 2579* Security Agencies 7140 13810 8717 5650 8679 9543 11920*

*upto December, 2004(Data for the States of Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Goa, Gujrat, Haryana, Jharkhand, Nagaland, Punjab, Rajasthan, UP, West Bengal, Andman & Nicobar, Chandigarh, Delhi and Pondicherry have not yet been received)

11.12 Officers’ Employment: Dur- Major self-employment schemes are ing the current year, a total number SEMFEX-II, SEMFEX-III and National of 604 officers have been registered Equity Fund Scheme. Applications with the DGR for employment assis- for sanction of loans are submitted tance. Till date 4285 officers have by ex-servicemen directly to con- been sponsored for various employ- cerned Zila Sainik Boards in the ment opportunities. To spread States. These applications are scruti- awareness about potential of ex- nised and those which satisfy eligibil- defence personnel, seminars are ity criteria and other terms and condi- being organised in conjunction with tions are recommended for sanction the Confederation of Indian Indus- of loan through Small Industries tries or PHD Chamber of Commerce Development Bank of India (SIDBI), and Industry at Lucknow, Central Cooperative Banks, State Chandigarh, Bangalore, Chennai and Land Development Banks and Re- Mumbai. The response to the semi- gional Rural Banks aided by National nars and subsequent employment Bank for Agriculture and Rural Devel- has been satisfactory. opment (NABARD) and the State KVIB/Banks aided by the Khadi and SCHEMES FOR SELF- Village Industries Commission EMPLOYMENT (KVIC).

11.13 As it is not feasible to provide 11.14 SEMFEX-II Scheme: The Government jobs to all ex-service- scheme has been promoted with the men after their retirement from the assistance of NABARD to set up Armed Forces, government has agriculture and allied activities, formulated several schemes for including State Road Transport encouraging and giving financial Operators (SRTO), and also for support by way of loans to ex-ser- setting up of village, cottage, tiny and vicemen entrepreneurs intending to small scale industries in rural areas. set up small and medium industries. The financial assistance in case of 164 non-farm sector activities is available sick units in SSI Sector. The maxi- upto SSI limit, for setting up indus- mum loan limit is Rs 50 lakh per tries in rural areas. This scheme is project. This scheme is operative operative from the year 1988-89. from the year 2000-01.

11.15 SEMFEX-III Scheme: The 11.17 CNG Stations in National scheme is operative in collaboration Capital Region (NCR): The scheme with the Khadi and Village Industries for management of CNG stations, Commission (KVIC). The maximum belonging to Indraprastha Gas Lim- loan limit for individual entrepre- ited (IGL), was launched as a pilot neurs, cooperative societies/institu- project in July 2001. On the success tions and trusts is Rs. 25 lakh per of the pilot project, the scheme has project to establish industries in rural been extended to management by areas. This scheme is operative from retired officers. As on date, there are the year 1992-93. 60 retired officers including 3 women, managing 70 CNG stations. 11.16 National Equity Fund Scheme (NEF): The scheme has 11.18 Coal Transportation been launched in collaboration with Scheme: DGR sponsors Ex-Service- SIDBI. The financial assistance is men Coal Transport Companies for available to set up projects in tiny/ the execution of loading and trans- small scale industrial sector, service portation of coal in various coal enterprises and also for undertaking subsidiaries of Coal India Limited expansion, technology upgradation, (CIL). Unemployed retired officers modernisation and revival of viable and JCOs registered with DGR, are

CNG Station being managed by Ex-Servicemen

165 selected to form ESM Coal Transport ‘Defence Category’ is advertised in Companies and are sponsored to the newspapers. The DGR sponsors respective coal subsidiaries for five eligible candidates. Subsequently an years, extendable by another four interview is conducted by a Dealer years. Presently, nearly 94 such Selection Board constituted by the companies are operating under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural various coal subsidiaries of CIL. The Gas. Final allotment is made by the functioning of these companies is concerned oil company to the se- monitored by DGR. lected candidates. During 2004, 763 11.19 Coal Tipper Scheme: The eligibility certificates have been widows of Defence personnel, who issued by DGR till November 30th, died while in service due to causes 2004. attributable to military service, can be sponsored by DGR for attaching one 11.21 Allotment of Army Surplus tipper truck in their name with an Vehicles: Ex-Servicemen and wid- ESM Coal Transport Company. ows of Defence personnel, who died Eligible widow/disabled soldier is while in service, are eligible to apply required to make a deposit of for allotment of an Army surplus Rs.85,000/- with any of the nomi- phased out Class V-B vehicle. The nated coal transport company. The application forms are routed through company pays them Rs.3000/- per Zila/Rajya Sainik Boards, in case of month for a period of five years, after retired personnel, and through units which the deposited amount of for those in their last six months of Rs.85,000/- is paid back. At present service, to DGR for registration and 262 widows and 27 disabled Ex- onward submission to Army Head- Servicemen are availing the benefit quarters for allotment on the basis of of this Scheme. depot-wise seniority maintained by 11.20 Allotment of Oil Product them. Agencies: Ministry of Petroleum and 11.22 Reservation in CSD : The Natural Gas has reserved 8% of the Canteen Stores Department of India Oil Product Agencies, i.e. LPG deal- (CSDI) has reserved 15% of the 30 ership, petrol pumps, kerosene distributorship etc. for widows and selected CSD items and the Ministry dependants of those who died due of Defence has reserved 10% of the to causes attributable to military 262 selected items manufactured by service, and for disabled soldiers Ex-Servicemen Entrepreneurs under with disability attributable to military the Defence Purchase Programme service. Eligible persons can apply for which Ex-Servicemen manufactur- as and when such a vacancy under ing units alone are eligible.

166 11.23 Mother Dairy Milk and Fruit ber 6th and 7th, 2004. A live telecast & Vegetable Shops: Junior Com- of interview of DGR was telecast on th missioned Officers (JCOs)/Other Doordarshan on December 6 and th Ranks (ORs) are allotted Mother 7 , 2004, alongwith a resume of Dairy milk shops and fruit & veg- schemes being run by DGR. These etable shops in the National Capital are also being publicised through CD-ROMs forwarded down to ZSBs Region. 684 milk shops and 280 fruit and Units. & vegetable shops are being oper- ated by ex-servicemen (ESM). De- WELFARE pendant sons (where the ex-service- 11.27 The Kendriya Sainik Board men are not eligible) are also consid- (KSB) under the chairmanship of ered for allotment of fruit & vegetable Raksha Mantri, is the nodal agency shops in and around Delhi. to look after the welfare of ex-service- PUBLICITY men and their families in liaison with Rajya Sainik Boards/Zila Sainik 11.24 Wide publicity of policies and Boards. The KSB also administers various schemes sponsored by DGR various welfare activities through the is of paramount importance so as to Armed Forces Flag Day Fund, which reach each unit and ex-servicemen/ are financed from interest earnings of widows across the length and the fund. The fund has a corpus of breadth of the country. This is done Rs 18.29 crores. Financial assis- by the DGR by means of publication tance is provided to institutions, such of its periodical magazines as, paraplegic homes at Kirkee and “PUNARVAS”, brochures, leaflets, Mohali, the Red Cross Society, articles in Sainik Samachar and Cheshire Homes, Military Hospitals, Baatcheet. The electronic media is also used for the above purpose. St. Dunstan’s After Care Organisation and Homes for taking 11.25 The DGR had put up a stall at care of old and physically handi- the Aero-India 2005 at Bangalore to capped ex-servicemen and their spread awareness about schemes dependents. Financial assistance is concerning Ex-Servicemen. Various also provided to individual ex-ser- other forums provided by Command vicemen and their families who are in HQs, RSBs and Sainik Sammelans a state of penury to meet their spe- are also being utilised for publicity cific needs. DGR also funds the purpose. running of Armed Forces Hospitals, 11.26 A film on Armed Forces Flag War Widows Hostels, scholarships to Day was telecast on the National ex-servicemen’s orphans and other Channel of Doordarshan on Decem- such philanthropic activities.

167 11.28 Assistance from Raksha ITIs/polytechnics for wards of serving Mantri’s Fund: A portion of the and retired defence personnel. earnings of Armed Forces Flag Day (e) Two educational grants where Fund is set apart as Raksha Mantri’s (i) Rs 600/- per month are provided Discretionary Fund which is used to to the wards of war bereaved and (ii) provide financial assistance to poor Rs 300/- to the wards of disabled and needy ex-servicemen for vari- (attributable/non-attributable) and ous purposes, viz, medical treat- peace time casualties, housed in 35 ment, daughter’s marriage, house War Memorial Hostels to enable repair and education of children. them to pursue their studies. Monthly financial assistance, upto a period of two years, is also provided (f) Medical Facilities to Ex- to old and infirm ex-servicemen and Servicemen: Presently, ex-service- widows of ex-servicemen living in men, their families and families of penury. deceased Service personnel drawing 11.29 Concessions and Facilities pension of any kind are entitled to Under-mentioned concessions and free out-patient treatment in 127 facilities are available to eligible Military Hospitals and more than personnel:- 1000 Medical Inspection (MI) Rooms including 24 exclusively reserved for (a) Free educational facilities to ex-servicemen. In-patient treatment is Children of Defence personnel killed also provided subject to availability or disabled in action, in schools/ of beds. Ex-servicemen who are not colleges recognised by the Central availing medical facilities from Mili- or State Governments. tary Hospitals may choose to draw (b) 28 seats in the MBBS, one Rs. 100/- every month for medical seat in BDS and one seat in engi- treatment. Henceforth, only non- neering stream are available through pensioner ESM/dependents will be KSB to dependants/wards of certain provided financial assistance from categories of defence personnel Armed Forces Flag Day Fund for through Ministry of Health and Family treatment of specified serious dis- Welfare. eases. From April 1st, 2005, medical support from DGR/KSB will only be (c) 25% seats are reserved for the available for non-pensioners. Pen- wards of serving and ex-servicemen sioner ex-servicemen and widows personnel in Sainik Schools. drawing pension will have to depend (d) States/UTs have made reserva- upon Ex-Servicemen Contributory tion of seats in professional colleges/ Health Scheme. 168 (g) Ex-Servicemen Contributory pulsory for all Service pensioners Health Scheme (ECHS): A new retiring with effect from April 1st, medical scheme for providing com- 2003. prehensive medical care to ex-ser- (iv) In addition to existing service vicemen, War widows and their hospitals/poly clinics, good and dependents on the pattern of Central qualified civil hospitals/diagnostic Government Health Scheme (CGHS) centres are being empanelled. They introduced with effect from April 1st, will provide back-up support for in- 2003 is being implemented in a patient hospitalization/treatment/ phased manner in five years. The investigations where and when details of the scheme are as under:- service hospitals do not have bed (i) The ECHS covers complete space or facilities. spectrum of ESM pensioners, war (h) Travel Concession: The widows and dependents settled in far following concessions are available flung areas of the country through a to War Widows/Gallantry Award network of 227 poly clinics in 104 Winners, which can be availed on military and 123 non-military stations. production of identity card issued by (ii) The ESM and their depen- KSB:- dents are required to make a contri- Rail Travel Concession: bution at the same rate at which the Central Government pensioners are (i) 75% concession in rail fare required to make such contribution for travel in II class is available to for availing medical facilities under widows of personnel killed in war the CGHS after retirement. To ame- and action against terrorist and liorate the financial hardship of extremists. ESM, the Government has decided (ii) Free Rail travel is available in I to allow remittance of contribution in Class /AC 2 tier to the recipients of three consecutive yearly install- Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, ments. Ashok Chakra, Vir Chakra, Kirti (iii) Enrolling into the ECHS is Chakra and Shaurya Chakra optional for ESM pensioners who alongwith companion; st retired on or before March 31 , 2003. (iii) Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Those who opted not to join the Chakra and Vir Chakra awardees are scheme will continue to draw medi- also allowed for free Rail travel in AC cal allowance of Rs. 100/- per month. II tier/AC III tier of Rajdhani and Chair This option of joining the ECHS has Car of Shatabdi/Jan Shatabdi Ex- to be exercised latest by March 31st, press trains alongwith a companion 2008. The ECHS is, however, com- in the same class.

169 Air Travel Concession: (l) Cash Award/Annuity/Cash, in lieu of Land for Gallantry/Non (i) 75% concession is allowed to Gallantry Award Winners: The recipients of Gallantry Awards of States/UTs provide Cash Award/ Level I and Level II viz. Param Vir Annuity/Cash in lieu of land for Gal- Chakra, Ashok Chakra, Maha Vir lantry/Non gallantry Award winners. Chakra and Kirti Chakra, Victoria PENSION TO ARMED FORCES Cross, George Cross, Distinguished PERSONNEL Service Cross, Military Cross, distin- guished Flying Cross and George 11.30 As on December, 2004 the medal. number of Defence pensioners is (ii) 75% concession is available to estimated to be about 20.93 lakh. permanently war disabled officers Every year approximately 55,000 more pensioners are added to this who have been invalidated of service number. The estimated budget and the dependent members of their provision for the year 2004-05 is families; Rs.11250.00 crore. The pension is (iii) 75% concession to war wid- disbursed through 35000 branches ows of post-Independence era. of Public Sector Banks, 534 Treasur- ies, 61 Defence Pension Disbursing (i) Reservation of House Sites/ Offices (DPDOs) and 5 Pay and Majority of States have Houses: Accounts Offices (PAOs) scattered all made reservations for serving/retired over India. The eligibility conditions, Armed Forces personnel in allotment rates etc. of different types of pen- of house sites/houses. sion are detailed in the succeeding (j) Grant for Repair of Houses: paragraphs. Financial assistance is provided RETIRING/SERVICE PENSION especially to War Widows/War- 11.31 For Commissioned Officers disabled for repair of houses on the retiring/service pension is calcu- 50% cost sharing basis with State lated at 50% of the average Governments upto an extent of reckonable emoluments drawn Rs 10,000/-. during the last 10 months. In the (k) Sainik Rest House Facilities: case of Personnel Below Officers Over 252 Sainik Rest Houses have Rank (PBOR), it is calculated with been built in the country, which reference to the maximum of the provide transit facilities to ex-service- scale of pay of the rank and group men and their dependants at nomi- held for 10 months preceding retire- nal rates. ment. Retiring pension shall be

170 subject to a minimum of Rs.1275/- FAMILY PENSION p.m. and maximum of upto 50% of 11.34 Families of Armed Forces the highest pay applicable to Armed personnel who die during service or Forces personnel. For pre- 1996 after retirement with pension, are pensioners, as per the formula granted family pension at a uniform evolved under the modified parity, st rate of 30% of reckonable emolu- with effect from January 1 , 1996, st pension would not be less than 50% ments. With effect from January 1 , of the minimum pay in the revised 1996, the amount of minimum family scale of pay for the pension has been raised to Rs.1275/- corresponding rank, held by the p.m. from Rs.375/- p.m. With effect st pensioners. from January 1 , 1998 ordinary family pension is also admissible to 11.32 Weightage: Considering the dependant parents, widowed/ di- early age of retirement of Armed vorced daughters who fulfill the Forces personnel, they are given prescribed eligibility criteria. weightage for computing service 11.35 With effect from July 27th, pension. In the case of Commis- 2001, family pension admissible sioned Officers, the minimum pe- under the Employees Pension riod of qualifying service required Scheme, 1995 and the Family for earning retiring pension is 20 Pension Scheme, 1971 have been years. The officers are given benefit allowed in addition to the family of weightage ranging from 3 to 9 pension admissible under the years depending on the rank. The relevant Pension Regulation. minimum period of qualifying ser- DISABILITY PENSION vice for Personnel Below Officers 11.36 A person who is released or Rank for earning retiring pension is retired from service on account of a 15 years. They are given a uniform disease or injury which is attributable weightage of 5 years. For calculat- to or aggravated by military service, ing gratuity, a uniform weightage of is entitled to disability pension if the 5 years is given to all ranks. disability assessed by the Medical COMMUTATION OF PENSION Board is 20% or more. On invalidment from service on account 11.33 Armed Forces personnel are of causes attributable to or aggra- permitted higher commutation of vated by military service, the extent their pension at 43% for officers and of disability or functional in-capacity 45% for PBORs as compared to 40% is determined at 50% if the disability for civilians. is less than 50%, 75% if it is between

171 50 and 75% and 100% if it is between would have been entitled to on the 76% and 100%. This is an improve- basis of his/her pay on the date of ment introduced with effect from invalidment but counting service January 1st, 1996 on the recommen- upto the date on which he/she would dations of the 5th Central Pay Com- have retired in that rank in the normal mission. course including weightage as ad- missible. War Injury element payable 11.37 Disability pension consists of is equal to reckonable emoluments two elements viz., the service ele- last drawn for 100% disablement. ment and disability element. Service However, in no case, the aggregate element is related to the length of of service element and war injury service rendered by the individual at element will exceed the last pay the time of invalidation and the dis- drawn. ability element is paid in the form of compensation for the disablement 11.39 In case a person is found to and depends on the degree of dis- have a disability which is sustained ablement. The rate of disability during war or war like situations pension is Rs. 2600/- p.m. for Com- and the disability is assessed at missioned Officers, Rs.1900/- p.m. 20% or more for life but the indi- for Junior Commissioned Officers vidual is retained in service despite and Rs.1550/- p.m. for other ranks. such disability and opts for lump For individuals who are retained in sum compensation, he shall be service despite disability and retire/ paid the lump sum compensation are discharged on attaining the age in lieu of war injury element. The of retirement or on completion of rate for calculation of lump sum tenure, the same rates are applicable compensation in lieu of war injury with effect from January 1st, 1996 if element for 100% disability for life the disability is assessed as 100%. will be Rs.5200/- per month for WAR INJURY PENSION Commissioned Officers, Rs.3800/- p.m. for Junior Commissioned 11.38 Considering the supreme Officers and Rs.3100/-p.m. for sacrifice made by the Armed Forces Other Ranks. personnel during war or war like CONSTANT ATTENDANCE situations or action against extrem- ALLOWANCE ists, anti-social elements etc, War Injury Pension is granted to the 11.40 Personnel with 100% disability personnel who sustain injury or are paid a Constant Attendance disability during such operations. Allowance at the rate of Rs.600/- per Service element is equal to retiring/ month on the recommendation of the service pension to which he/she Medical Board.

172 SPECIAL FAMILY PENSION REVISED PROCEDURE FOR ASSESSMENT OF DEGREE OF 11.41 If the death of a Service per- DISABILITY sonnel has occurred on account of causes attributable to or aggravated 11.44 As per the revised procedure by military service the family is paid introduced on the basis of the rec- th special family pension at the rate of ommendations of the 5 Central Pay 60% of reckonable emoluments Commission, periodical reviews by drawn by the deceased subject to a Re-Survey Medical Board for reas- minimum of Rs.2550/- per month. sessment and continuance of disabil- Widows who got remarried on or ity pension has been dispensed with. after January 1st, 1996 are also eli- In injury cases, the percentage of gible for special family pension disability as recommended by subject to certain conditions. Invaliding/ Release Medical Board is treated as final unless the individual LIBERALISED FAMILY PENSION himself requests for a review. Simi- 11.42 In the event of death of Armed larly, in case of diseases of perma- Forces personnel in war or war like nent nature, the assessment of operations, counter insurgency degree of disability as recommended operations, action against terrorists, by the Medical Boards is treated as extremists etc. the families are final unless the individual himself granted Liberalised Family pension asks for a review. at the rate equal to reckonable EX-GRATIA AWARDS IN CASES emoluments last drawn by the de- OF DEATH OF CADETS (DIRECT) ceased personnel at the time of death. If the personnel is not sur- 11.45 The following ex-gratia awards vived by widow, but is survived by are payable subject to certain condi- children, they are entitled to tions in the event of death of a cadet liberalised family pension at the rate due to causes attributable to or equal to 60% of reckonable emolu- aggravated by military training: ments last drawn by the deceased subject to fulfillment of prescribed (a) Ex-gratia lumpsum of Rs. 2.5 conditions. lakh

11.43 With effect from January (b) An ex-gratia of Rs. 1275/- per 1st,1996 on remarriage of widow, full month in respect of both liberalized family pension would married and unmarried per- continue to her subject to certain sonnel, to Next of Kin (NOKs) prescribed conditions. in addition to (a) above.

173 11.46 The ex-gratia lumpsum is the ex-gratia disability award in admissible in cases of death of case the degree of disable- cadets occurring on or after August ment is less than 100 %. 1st, 1997. However, the benefit of (c) Constant Attendance Allow- revised monthly ex-gratia amount as ance (CAA) of Rs. 600/-per mentioned at (b) above, is admis- month for 100 % disability on sible to pre August 1st, 1997 cases the recommendation of also with financial effect with effect Invaliding Medical Board. from August 1st, 1997. EX-GRATIA AWARDS IN CASES 11.48 The ex-gratia disability awards are applicable with effect from Au- OF DISABILITY OF CADETS st (DIRECT) gust 1 , 1997. However, the benefit is admissible to pre August 1st, 1997 11.47 The following ex-gratia cases also, with financial effect from st awards are payable subject to August 1 , 1997. certain conditions in the event of EX GRATIA AWARD IN THE invalidment of cadet (Direct) on EVENT OF DEATH WHILE medical grounds due to causes PERFORMING MILITARY DUTY attributable to or aggravated by military training : 11.49 In pursuance of the recom- mendations of the 5th Central Pay (a) Monthly ex-gratia of Rs. 1275/- Commission, in addition to Special per month Family Pension/Liberalised Family (b) Ex-gratia disability award @ Rs Pension, Ex-gratia is granted to the 2100/-per month for 100 % family of a deceased service per- disability during the period of sonnel in the event of death occur- disablement. The amount is ring on or after August 1st, 1997 as reduced proportionately from under: -

(a) Death occurring due to accidents in the Rs. 5.00 Lakh course of performance of duties (b) Death occurring in the course of performance Rs. 5.00 Lakh of duties attributable to acts of violence by terrorists, anti-social elements etc. (c) Death occurring during (i) border skirmishes and (ii) action against militants, terrorists, extremists etc. Rs. 7.50 Lakh* (d) Death occurring during enemy action in Rs. 10.00 Lakh* international war or such war like engagements *(with effect from which are specifically notified by the Govt. May 1st,1999)

174 STEPS TAKEN FOR REDRESSAL (v) In order to reduce the hard- OF GRIEVANCES OF DEFENCE ship for the pensioners, it has PENSIONERS been decided that all the banks having Defence pen- 11.50 It has been the constant en- sioners’ accounts would issue deavour of Ministry of Defence to the Annual Life Certificate strengthen the mechanism for without charging any fees. redressal of the grievances of the Defence pensioners promptly and (vi) A single window system for effectively. In order to achieve this issue of first payment cheques end, several steps were initiated in has been introduced in the recent past. Some of the steps DPDOs for hassle free and taken in this regard are as under: prompt release of first pay- ment cheques. (i) Various agencies involved in handling the pension matters (vii) Henceforth, entitlement to of Defence pensioners have pension of Armed Forces initiated action to computerise pensioners will remain unaf- the records so that the delay in fected on change of nationality processing the pension mat- and their pension will not be ters is reduced. stopped by the Pension Dis- bursing Offices as was done (ii) PCDA(P), Allahabad has earlier. placed the relevant orders and instructions relating to 8.51 With the adoption of the pension on their web site. aforesaid steps, it is expected that the grievances of the pensioners (iii) The procedure for assessment would be reduced considerably, and of disability for grant of disabil- even if there are grievances, those ity pension has been simplified would be attended to promptly and and now there is no need for expeditiously. repeated assessment of the disability by the Medical 8.52 The annual expenditure on Boards. Defence pensions, during last three years, is as follows: - (iv) In order to address the legiti- mate grievances of the Armed Year Pension Disbursed Forces pensioners, Defence (Rs. Crore) Pension Adalats are organised 2002-03 (Actual) 10091.64 in different parts of the country 2003-04 (Actual) 10999.67 2004-05 (BE) 11250.00 where redressal is provided in 2004-05 (RE) 11922.00 a time bound manner. 2005-06 (BE) 12452.00 (Proposed)

175 176 12

COOPERATION bETWEEN THE aRMED fORCES AND cIVIL aUTHORITIES

Army shows its humane face by providing help to the needy

177 COOPERATION BETWEEN THE ARMED FORCES AND CIVIL AUTHORITIES

12.1 Besides ensuring inviolability Sri Lanka and Maldives, caused of the borders of our country, the extreme damage to the Andaman Armed Forces are also mandated to and Nicobar Islands and the coastal assist the civil authorities for mainte- states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. nance of law and order and/ or 12.3 The Armed Forces have since essential services as well as for been committed in one of the largest rescue and relief operations during relief operations. Response to the natural calamities. Besides providing disaster was launched on a war actual relief, the Armed Forces con- footing and the tri-service coordina- tinue to maintain regular liaison with tion team under HQ IDS was set up the civil authorities to refine contin- immediately on December 26, 2004. gency planning and ensure timely The relief not only included assis- response. The details of assistance tance within the country, but also to provided by the Armed Forces dur- Sri Lanka, Maldives and later to ing the period are outlined in the Indonesia. The response was coor- succeeding paragraphs. dinated through the Interim National ARMY Command Post (INCP).

12.2 Tsunami Disaster - Assis- tance Provided by Indian Army: An earthquake measuring Nine on Richter Scale, largest in the last 40 years, struck Andaman and Nicobar Group of islands at 0629 hours on December 26, 2004. The epicentre of the earthquake was reportedly West of Sumatra (Indonesia). The earth- quake generated tsunami waves, which besides causing widespread Army in relief operation in the Tsunami affected area damage in Indonesia, Thailand, 178 ARMY RELIEF AND RESCUE (b) Following assistance has been EFFORTS provided :-

12.4 Sri Lanka (OP RAINBOW): (i) Assistance in evacuation of 9345 persons and burial of (a) One Field Ambulance com- 922 bodies. prising 9 doctors and 130 paramed- (ii) Establishment of 50 relief ics was airlifted to Sri Lanka on camps, catering for 15,000 December 31, 2004. The Field people. Debris clearance and Ambulance provided aid in improvement in living and Hambantota and Matara Districts in sanitary conditions of colonies Southern Sri Lanka. Aid has been of Car Nicobar. provided to approx 7,846 patients. Mobile hygiene and sanitation (iii) Distribution of 168 tonnes of teams visited relief camps and rations and relief material. villages. (iv) Establishment of a field (b) The Army has provided 66 kitchen in Car Nicobar and distribution of cooked food to tonnes of rations, 4.5 KL of kerosene 900 persons daily. oil, 7 tonnes of medicines and 30,000 pairs of socks. (v) Road opening/repair/construc- tion. Total of 19 km of road/ (c) Two Composite Task Forces track has been cleared/re- carried out relief and rehabilitation paired in Carnic. A new road tasks in Galle and Hikaduwa, to help alignment of 12 km length is in distribution of relief material, resto- under construction from ration of power supply, telephone Carnic to Arong Camp. communications, water supply, (vi) Restoration of electricity in 25 construction of temporary toilets and colonies in Car Nicobar, Dis- assistance in construction of a bridge trict Headquarters and Village at Televatha. Malacca, including installation 12.5 Andaman and Nicobar of 25 generators. Islands (Op SEA WAVES) (vii) Restoration of telephone (a) One Infantry Brigade and four connectivity between Carnic Engineer Task Forces were pressed and Port Blair with STD facility. to carry out relief and rescue opera- (viii) Water supply, including estab- tions in Car Nicobar, Trinkat, Chowra, lishment of one water well and Hut Bay and Tarasa since December five water points in Car 26, 2004. Nicobar.

179 (ix) Provision of medical aid to (h) Construction of two cause- 5,770 persons. Hygiene and ways in Nagappattinam Dis- sanitation drive was trict. carried out in a number of (j) Assistance in construction of villages. temporary shelters. (x) Construction of one temporary (k) Conduct of informative classes helipad at Arong Camp. on employment opportunities / 12.6 Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry recruitment in Cuddalore (Op MADAD). Four infantry col- District. umns and three engineer columns were deployed immediately in the (l) Construction of a 100 feet districts of Nagappattinam, bailey bridge in Karaikal. Cuddalore, Kanchipuram and 12.7 Kerala (Op MADAD): Five Kalpakkam. Following assistance Army relief columns carried out relief has been provided :- and rescue operations in (a) Evacuation of 8500 persons Thiruvananthapuram, Alleppey, and burial of 68 dead bodies. Karunagappally and Allapapputura.

(b) Assistance in recovery of 172 12.8 Flood Relief Operations stranded boats and 23 trawler (a) Bihar: Commencing July 9, boats. 2004, the flood situation in (c) Distribution of cooked food to Bihar worsened rapidly, render- 14,400 persons. ing the districts of Sitamarhi, Madhubani and Darbhanga (d) Provision and distribution of totally cut off by surface means rations and relief material. from the rest of the mainland. (e) Medical treatment to 6,002 Later, the flood waters spread to patients, including arrange- the neighbouring districts of ment for counseling of trauma Khagaria, Samastipur and cases. Kishanganj, leading to large scale floods. A total of 10 flood (f) Road opening and clearing of relief columns were deployed in debris. A total of 15 km road a progressive manner in Bihar length and 25 streets have for flood relief operations with been cleared in various loca- effect from July 9, 2004. Army tions. carried out rescue and relief (g) Repairing of civil boats and operations on a large scale, motor boats. wherein 5,712 marooned civil-

180 ians were rescued /evacuated were rescued and shifted to and 9,047 persons were pro- safe areas. vided medical aid. Besides, the (d) Flood Alert : Himachal Civil Administration was as- Pradesh. The Kinnaur District sisted in distribution of 802 in Himachal Pradesh faced an tonnes of rations. impending disaster on July 29, (b) Assam: During the first week 2004, when a major landslide in of July 2004, Assam witnessed the Chinese territory near Karak large-scale floods. The flood blocked the flow of water into situation worsened, particularly River Pare Chu. The Army in the Districts of Kokrajhar, undertook a proactive role in Barpeta, Goalpara, Nalbari, planning the management of Kamrup, Darrang, Morigaon, the impending disaster, in Nowgaon, Dhemaji, Tinsukia conjunction with the Central and Cachar. A total of 24 col- Government and the State Civil umns were deployed in the Administration. Liaison was above districts for flood relief maintained with the Chinese operations. Apart from the relief authorities through the hot line columns, special medical at Chushul, as also through flag camps were also set up in the meetings. In response to the affected areas. During relief Army’s request, the Chinese and rescue operations, 10,779 provided timely and progressive persons were rescued /evacu- warning notices of the impend- ated and 1,01,715 persons ing disaster. All civilians and were provided with medical aid Army / Indo Tibetan Border and relief. Apart from this Police (ITBP) units, located in 232.49 tonnes of relief rations the danger zone, were evacu- were also distributed. Army ated to safe areas, well in time. again conducted relief reserve (e) Landslide in Chamoli District missions during the October of Uttaranchal.On July 6, floods. 2004, a major landslide oc- (c) Due to flash floods,large areas curred at Lambagarh (18 km in the states of Punjab, South of Badrinath) on Haryana, Gujarat, Rajasthan Joshimath – Badrinath Road, were affected. Nearly 34 army creating a 100 metre breach columns were employed to along the Alaknanda River. This carry out the flood relief opera- resulted in approximately 1600 tions and nearly 5000 people pilgrims getting stranded at

181 Badrinath. In another incident check-up of all the children was on the same road, three ve- carried out. hicles including a bus were (b) The destitute children of Nehru involved in an accident due to Seva Sangh Orphanage at boulders falling on the road. Banpur were given basic logis- About 31 persons were feared tic support in the form of medi- killed or missing in the fast flow cal aid and food through the of the river. Based on a requisi- Naval Wives Welfare Associa- tion from the State Government, tion (NWWA) Centre at Chilka. the Army Formation and units located in Joshimath – (c) With a view to provide medical Badrinath were activated, for aid to the nearby poor and immediate rescue and relief needy villagers and to create operations. Army personnel health awareness amongst facilitated the movement of them, medical camps were stranded people from Badrinath organised at Vadakkankulam and ensured their safe passage village on October 6, 2004 and through a three km long hydel- at Kanmaniyin Kudiyiruppu at project tunnel, located near Parappadi village on November the site. A total of 2345 per- 1, 2004. More than 850 villagers sons were evacuated during the benefited from these camps. period July 7 to 9, 2004. Apart from this, Army provided neces- 12.10 Communal Harmony Week: sary transport for the movement Debates with the theme of ‘National of pilgrims and for restoration of Integration’ were organised by the BSNL mobile links at Badrinath Western Naval Command to encour- and Joshimath. age communal harmony.

NAVY 12.11 Other Initiatives: Various other initiatives taken by the Navy to 12.9 Medical Camps: Medical and promote healthy relations with civil- Blood donation camps are regularly ians are:- organised by various naval Com- mands and outlying units. (a) Employment of physically (a) Two medical camps were con- challenged. ducted at village Chapala- (b) Programmes like medical Uppada and at SOS children’s check-ups. village. Around 300 patients were treated and free medical (c) HIV awareness workshops.

182 (d) Running schools for physically operations. IAF IL-76 and AN-32 challenged children and provid- moved the bulk supplies, relief ing mid-day meal to under equipment and Army columns into privileged children. the major hubs from where further coordination was undertaken. 12.12 Welfare of Senior Citizens, Tuticorin: The MI Room of the unit 12.15 Operation Seawave: Tsunami regularly undertakes medical check- struck the Indian Ocean on Decem- ups of Senior Citizens residing in the ber 26, 2004. The IAF immediately Base. Besides this, nature walks to launched a search and rescue mis- sion by Mi 8 helicopter from Carnic nearby temples are also organised. airfield. Everyday, five IL-76, fifteen AIR FORCE AN 32, two HS-748 and six helicop- ters took part in relief operations in 12.13 Aid to Civil Power: IAF Andaman & Nicobar Sector. The IL-76 and AN-32 aircraft rushed para airlift included carrying relief material military forces into the troubled North from mainland to Carnic & Port Blair, Eastern States during July 19-22, inter island shuttles evacuating 2004 to bring the situation under personnel and providing search & control. Approximately 1250 troops rescue. Additional five helicopters were airlifted. reached Carnic on January 04, 2005 12.14 Flood Relief Operations: to assist in relief operations from Indian Air Force undertook flood Carnic. Relief operations in Colombo relief operations in Bihar, Assam, and and Male’ sector were also carried Arunachal Pradesh. Floods in Bihar out using two HS-748 and six Heli- had been unprecedented and IAF copters (Mi-8 & Mi-17) operating helicopters carried out the largest daily and airlifting approximately 17 ever relief operations with over 10 Tons and evacuating the required helicopters, in July 2004. During the personnel. A total of 2100.873 tons of 25 days of flood relief operations, the load and relief material and 14415 helicopters carried out 1000 hours of passengers were airlifted from af- fected areas on January 14, 2005. flying, carrying 1100 tons of food material / medicines and rescuing 12.16 Casualty Evacuation: Casu- over 1400 people. In addition, exten- alty evacuation was undertaken in sive relief work was also undertaken Northern and Eastern sectors for in the states of Assam and Arunachal civilians, military and paramilitary Pradesh. A total of 270 hours were forces. A total of 128 persons were flown airlifting 496.77 tons of material airlifted including 11 foreign tourists and 1934 civilians during these relief from inaccessible mountainous terrain.

183 Army bulldozer clearing deadly snow cover on National Highway in Jammu and Kashmir

12.17 Election Duties: IAF was airlifting approximately 37000 tons of pressed into Lok Sabha and State load. The IAF provides a life-line to election duties in the country. A total the troops and other personnel in of 2429 personnel and 3565 tons of these areas through air landing and load was airlifted to forward areas in airdrop operations. North/Eastern sectors and sensitive 12.19 Co-Operation between areas in the country, for carrying out Armed Forces and Civil the election duties. The flying effort Authorities. Trained manpower is contributed greatly towards efficient being provided on a regular basis to conduct of elections in the year Aviation Research Center (ARC), 2004. Border Security Force, Defence 12.18 Air Maintenance Operations: Research and Development The IAF continues to provide air Organisations and various Tri-Ser- logistic support to the Army and vices organisations including NCC other civilian agencies operating in units. Presently, about 400 personnel the difficult and far flung areas in the below Officer’s rank have been northern and eastern sectors. Both provided to Tri-Services fixed wing aircraft and helicopters Organisations. Similarly, NCC units continue to operate round the year, have been provided 788 personnel.

184 13

NATIONAL CADET CORPS

NCC Cadets during Republic Day Parade

185 NATIONAL CADET CORPS

13.1 The National Cadet Corps developing camaraderie, teamwork, (NCC) was established under the dignity of labour, and self-confi- NCC Act, 1948. It has completed 56 dence. These camps also inculcate years of existence. The NCC strives the value of unity and discipline to provide the youth of the country among the cadets. The camps opportunities for all round develop- conducted during the year are as ment with a sense of commitment, listed below: - dedication, self-discipline and moral values, so that they become good (a) Annual Training Camps leaders and useful citizens. The (ATC): Annual Training motto of NCC is “Unity and Disci- Camps are conducted at State pline”. The progress and quality of Directorate level so as to ensure training is reviewed periodically and that a minimum of 50% of changes incorporated to bring about enrolled strength of cadets, improvements. numbering approximately 6.5 13.2 The total sanctioned strength lakhs, attend at least one camp of NCC cadets is about 13 lakh. The per year. On an average, 900 wing-wise distribution of the cadet such camps are conducted in a strength is as under: - training year. 2,48,920 cadets (a) Army Wing - 9,70,549 have attended these camps (b) Air Wing - 67,000 during the training year com- (c) Naval Wing - 66,251 mencing 1st July, 2004. (d Girls Wing - 1,81,853 (b) National Integration Camps The NCC’s presence can be felt in (NIC): Out of 37 National almost all the districts of the country Integration Camp (NIC) planned covering 8,029 schools and 4,816 for the year 2004-05, 36 camps colleges. were held in which cadets from TRAINING OF CADETS all States and Union Territories participated. In addition, spe- 13.3 Training Camps: Camp Training is an important part of NCC cial NICs were conducted at the curriculum. The camps help in following places: -

186 (i) NIC Leh: From July 1st to (d) Nau Sainik Camp (NSC): This 16th, 2004 in which a total of camp is also organised once a 180 cadets from all parts of the year for 12 days. 400 Senior country participated. Division cadets and 160 Senior Wing cadets attended the camp (ii) NIC CHAKABAMA: The which was conducted at special national integration Visakhapatnam from October camp in the North East was 25th to November 5th, 2004. conducted at Chakabama (Nagaland) from October 1st (e) Thal Sainik Camps (TSC): to 12th , 2004 where 200 Two TSCs are conducted at cadets from the North East Republic Day Parade ground, Region and 600 cadets from Delhi every year i.e., one for the rest of India participated. Senior Division/Junior Division (iii) NIC Srinagar: A special boy and the other for Senior NIC was conducted at Wing /Junior Wing girls. 640 Srinagar from May 20th to 31st, boy and 640 girl cadets take 2004 and a total of 300 cadets part in these camps. This year from all parts of the country the camps were conducted th th participated. from October 8 to 19 , 2004.

(iv) NIC Port Blair: A special (f) Leadership Camps: These NIC Port Blair (Andaman & camps are conducted on an All Nicobar Island) was held from India basis. There are four March 2nd to 13th, 2005 in Advance Leadership Camps which 130 cadets, including 80 (ALC), one each for Senior cadets from the mainland, Division, Junior Division, Senior participated. Division Naval Wing boys and Senior Wing girls and three (c) Vayu Sainik Camp (VSC): Basic Leadership Camps, one Every year an All India Vayu each for Senior Division boys, Sainik Camp for Air Wing Se- Senior Wing and Junior Wing nior Division/Senior Wing ca- girls. These camps conducted dets is organised for a period of during the months of Septem- 12 days. This year the camp ber and October, 2004, im- was conducted at Air Force parted training to 2950 boy and Station Jalahalli (Bangalore) girl cadets. from October 4th to 15th, 2004 in which 420 Senior Division (g) Rock Climbing Camps: Dur- and 180 Senior Wing cadets ing the months of November participated. and December, 2004 two NCC 187 Horse Show by NCC Cadet Directorates viz., Kerala and ducted during the month long Lakhshadweep Directorate and Camp. The Camp was inaugu- Madhya Pradesh and rated by the Vice-President of Chhattisgarh Directorate India on January 8th, 2005 and organised rock climbing camps the Prime Minister’s Rally was for Senior/Junior Division boys held on January 27th, 2005. and Senior/Junior Wing girls. The Camp culminated with tea for selected cadets hosted at (h) Republic Day Camp –2005: Rashtrapati Bhawan. Republic Day Camp-2005 was conducted from January 1st to 13.4 Attachment Training: The 29th, 2005 at Delhi. The Camp NCC cadets gain first hand experi- was attended by 1800 cadets ence of immense value by attach- from all over India, besides ment to the Armed Forces units. cadets of friendly foreign coun- During the year, attachments con- tries with whom NCC has a ducted were as under: - Youth Exchange Programme. (a) 364 Officers and 17132 cadets Inter Directorate competitions were attached to the regular connected with institutional Army units. This included training, cultural competitions Women Officers and Senior and National Integration aware- Wing girl cadets. ness presentations were con- 188 (b) 120 cadets were attached to 13.6 Sea Training: NCC cadets of Indian Military Academy, the Naval Wing, during their sea Dehradun during June 2004 training and attachment, are im- and 48 girls to Officers Training parted intensive training in Naval Academy, Chennai during subjects like Navigation Communica- September, 2004. Both attach- tion, Gunnery, Seamanship, Damage ments were for a duration of control & Ship safety, First aid, and two weeks. Ship’s husbandry. During the year, 295 cadets were attached to ships of (c) 1000 girl cadets were attached the Eastern and Western Naval with various Military Hospitals Command and Coast Guard for sea during the year. training. (d) 38 Senior Division and 12 13.7 Senior Wing cadets of Air Wing Screening Courses at Offic- were attached to Air Force ers Training Academy: Two Ser- Academy, Dundigal (Dindigul) vices Selection Board Screening from October 9th to 21st, 2004. Courses for Senior Division cadets aspiring to join the armed forces (e) Naval Attachment – INS were held at Officers Training Acad- Mandovi : Third attachment emy, Kamptee from May 17th to 26th, training camp for Naval Wing 2004 and from October 25th to (Senior Division) cadets was November 3rd, 2004. 187 Senior conducted at Naval Academy, Division cadets from all State Direc- INS Mandovi, Goa for a dura- torates attended the course. Ser- tion of 12 days from December vices Selection Board Screening 20th, 2004 to January 2nd, 2005. Course to train Senior Wing cadets 25 Senior Division cadets from was held at Officers’ Training Acad- all 16 Directorates attended the emy, Gwalior from January 19th to training. 29th, 2004. 94 Senior Wing cadets 13.5 Gliding and Microlite Flying: from all State Directorate attended Gliding facilities are provided at 38 this course. NCC Air Squadrons, which carried 13.8 Foreign Cruise: The following out 18818 launches during the year. foreign cruises were undertaken:- Microlite flying is being conducted in NCC as an adventure activity with a (a) Coast Guard Cruise: Five view to give air experience to the Air Naval Senior Division cadets Wing NCC cadets (Senior Division). proceeded to Colombo (Sri A total of 3262 hours of microlite Lanka) on December 12th, 2004 flying was undertaken during the and returned on December year. 19th, 2004. 189 (b) Naval Cruise: Ten Naval Metres) in September/October, Senior Division cadets and one 2004. Naval Permanent Instructions (c) Cycle and Motor Cycle Expe- Staff attended the cruise ditions: During the current organised from September 12th year, a motor cycle rally was to October 14th, 2004 from organised by Gujarat Director- Kochi to Port Victoria, th Mombassa, Male and back. ate from September 26 to October 12th, 2004 to the Base 13.9 Adventure Training camp of Siachin. A motor cycle (a) Mountaineering Courses: rally commenced on December NCC nominates boy and girl 16th, 2004 under the aegis of cadets from all NCC Director- West Bengal & Sikkim Director- ates to attend various courses ate and traversed the length at Nehru Institute and breadth of the country of Mountaineering, Uttarkashi, spreading AIDS awareness. Himalayan Mountaineering (d) A total Institute, Darjeeling and Direc- Trekking Expedition: torate of Mountaineering & of 10 trekking expeditions were Allied Sports, Manali every year. conducted during the year For the year 2004-2005, 320 2004-2005 where 10,000 cadets cadets were nominated for participated. these courses. (e) Para Sailing: Para Sailing is (b) Mountaineering Expeditions: conducted at each Group level NCC has been conducting two as a part of adventure activity mountaineering expeditions for boy and girl cadets of NCC. every year, one for the Senior During the year, 10,904 cadets Division boy cadets and the were trained in this activity. A other for Senior Wing girl ca- total of 76,868 cadets have dets. Since 1970, NCC has been trained so far. conducted 54 mountaineering expeditions, of which 29 were (f) Para Basic Courses: During for boys and 25 for girls. This the year, 19 boy cadets and 18 year the boys team successfully girl cadets of NCC were trained undertook expedition to the at Army Airborne Training Bhagirathi Peak II (6510 School, Agra. Metres) in May/June, 2004 and the girls team undertook the (g) Slithering Demonstration: 10 expedition to Manali Peak (5640 Senior Division and 10 Senior 190 Sl. Directorate From To Distance Date No. of Cadets No

1. Bihar Patna Raj Mahal 418 kms Oct 5 –16, 04 20 SD+10 SW 2. Delhi Yamuna River 756 kms Sep20- Oct 1, 04 18 SD & 7 SW 3. Gujarat Tilakwada Bhadboot 405 kms Oct 20-30, 04 56 SD 4. Karnataka Karwar Malpe 405 kms Dec 15-31, 04 21 SD & 13 SW 5. Maharashtra Wai Kathapur 467 kms Aug 16-30, 04 33 SD & 12 SW 6. West Bengal Farakka Kolkata 430 kms May 17- Jun 5, 04 52 SD 7. Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Kodiakarai 436 kms Jul 26- Aug 6, 04 30 SD & 05 SW 8. Orissa Kamaladha Kujang 435 kms Oct 26–Nov 6, 04 40 SD & 20 SW 9. Madhya Dhua Dhar Hoshanga- 410 kms Sep 28– Oct 4, 04 40 SD Pradesh bad 10. Uttar Pradesh Kanpur Allahabad 360 kms Feb 1-10, 04 40 SD 11. Jammu & Govindsagar 434 kms Sep 28- Oct 9, 04 11SD+22SW Kashmir Lake 12. Punjab Govindsagar Lake 420 kms Sep 1-12, 04 12 SD Govindsagar Lake 479 kms Sep 8-20, 04 40 SD&SW TOTAL 413SD + 89SW

(SD: Senior Division boy cadets; SW: Senior Wing girl cadets)

Wing cadets took part in a expeditions were conducted slithering demonstration during during the year :- Prime Minister’s Rally in Janu- YOUTH EXCHANGE ary, 2005. PROGRAMME (YEP) (h) Desert Camel Safari: Desert 13.10 The following visits were Camel Safari involving NCC undertaken during the year as part of cadets and foreign cadets from YEP: - Singapore was conducted from November 19th to 30th, 2004. (a) Visit of one Officer and six cadets (Naval Wing) to (i) White Water Rafting: White Singapore to participate in Water Rafting Node has been International Sea Cadet Ex- established at Raiwala change programme from May (Haridwar). NCC is in the pro- 29th to June 12th, 2004. cess of finalising establishment (b) Visit of one Officer and four of three more White Water cadets (Air Wing) to Singapore nodes in Punjab, West Bengal to participate in International Air and Gujarat. Cadet Exchange Programmes (j) Sailing Expeditions: The from May 29th to June 12th, following major Whaler sailing 2004.

191 (c) Visit of one Officer and twelve Regatta from January 20th to cadets to UK from July 20th to 27th, 2005 under the aegis of August 4th, 2004. NCC Directorate, Orissa.

(d) Visit of two Officers and ten SOCIAL SERVICE AND cadets to Russia from Septem- COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ber 16th to 26th, 2004. 13.12 NCC has adopted community (e) Visit of one Officer and six development activities with the aim of cadets to Sri Lanka from Octo- imbibing the cadets with a spirit of th nd ber 15 to 22 , 2004. selfless service to the community, (f) Visit of two Officers and eight dignity of labour, importance of self cadets to Singapore from help, need to protect the environ- December 3rd to 11th, 2004. ment and to assist weaker sections of the society in their upliftment. NCC (g) Visit of two Officers and thirteen cadets participate in the following cadets to Vietnam from De- community development activities:- cember 5th to 14th, 2004. (a) Tree Plantation: NCC cadets 13.11 The Incoming YEP Visits: plant sapling and look after following incoming YEP visits by them in association with the foreign delegations took place during State Department / Colleges / the year:- Schools and Villages con- (a) Visit of one Officer and eight cerned. This year, as part of cadets from Singapore for Nau NCC Day celebrations, all NCC Sainik Camp at units undertook ‘plant a sapling Vishakhapatnam from October by each cadet’, thereby, plant- 25th to November 5th, 2004. ing 1.3 million saplings.

(b) Visit of two Officers and ten (b) Blood Donation: Cadets cadets from Singapore for donate blood as voluntary Desert Safari at Jaisalmer service whenever needed by th (Rajasthan) from November 19 Hospitals/Red Cross. As part of th to 30 , 2004. NCC Day celebration, NCC (c) Visit of twelve Officers and cadets donated 4 lakh units of ninety two cadets from eight blood. countries during RDC 2005. (c) Old Age Homes: Old Age (d) Visit of one Officer and six Homes in the country are cadets from Bangladesh NCC patronised and regularly visited who attended All India Yachting by NCC cadets.

192 Aids Awareness Rally by NCC cadets (d) Adult Education: NCC cadets the ‘healing touch’ in riot af- visit remote areas, villages and fected areas. NCC cadets underdeveloped areas to rendered exemplary service emphasise the need for educa- during the Tsunami relief opera- tion and to assist in the conduct tion carried out in December, of the Adult Education 2004 and January, 2005. Programme. (g) Anti Leprosy Drive: NCC (e) Community Projects: Cadets cadets have launched anti- of NCC participate in the rural leprosy drive throughout the and urban community projects country and are helping various and other development works voluntary organisations. like village track improvement, (h) AIDS Awareness well cleaning etc. Programme: NCC also partici- (f) Disaster Relief: NCC has pates actively in the AIDS extended their helping hand awareness programme. The during natural and other calami- NCC is working alongwith ties and accidents. Over the UNAIDS and Directorate Gen- years, NCC cadets have ren- eral Armed Forces Medical dered outstanding service in Service in carrying out AIDS the wake of floods, earth- Awareness programmes quakes, cyclones, train acci- throughout the country. A dents etc. and have provided motorcycle rally was conducted

193 by NCC wherein cadets from one each from Karnataka and West Bengal & Sikkim Director- Goa and North-Eastern Region ate traversed the length and Directorate, participated in the breadth of the country to tournament held from Septem- spread AIDS awareness. ber 1st to 30th, 2004 at New Delhi. (i) Cancer Awareness Programme: NCC cadets (c) All India GV Mavlankar actively participated in Cancer Shooting Championship: Awareness Programmes orga- The 14th All India G V nized in various cities. Cancer Mavlankar Shooting Champion- Care India (CACI), an NGO and ship was held at Coimbatore NCC have joined hands to from September 5th to 15th, launch Cancer Awareness 2004. 32 NCC cadets (16 Programmes, (CAPS) through- boys and 16 girls) took part in out the country. So far 13 such the event. This year the NCC CAPS have been conducted. cadets won five gold, five silver Cancer Awareness Day on and five bronze medals in the November 7th, 2004 was ob- championship. served in a big way. (d) National Shooting Champi- ACTIVITIES AT NATIONAL onship Competitions LEVEL (NSCC): The 48th National Shooting Championship Com- 13.13 The NCC cadets also partici- petition (NSCC) was conducted pated in the following activities con- at Indore from October 5th to ducted at the national level: - th 15 , 2004. Thirteen cadets (a) Jawaharlal Lal Nehru Hockey from NCC participated in the Tournament: Jawaharlal event. The cadets performed Nehru Hockey Tournament was commendably well and won held from October 7th to No- one gold and one bronze vember 13th, 2004 at New Delhi. medal in the Championship Four teams viz two junior competitions. Two cadets were (boys), one junior (girls) and selected to participate in the one sub junior (boys) from NCC selection trials I & II to be con- participated in the tournament. ducted at Hyderabad.

(b) Subroto Cup Football Tour- (e) All India NCC Yachting Re- nament: NCC has been par- gatta-2005: All India NCC ticipating in this tournament for Yachting Regatta was con- the last 26 years. NCC teams, ducted at INS Chilka from

194 January 20th to 27th, 2005. 48 span of three years. During the Senior Division and 48 Senior current training year, the girl Wing cadets from all the NCC strength has increased from Directorates participated. In 164524 to 181853. addition 6 cadets from (b) Additional authorisation of Bangladesh also participated. man power and other re- (f) National Team Sailing Cham- sources: In view of the en- pionship: Team from NCC hanced cadet strength from 11 Directorate Maharashtra partici- lakh in 1976 to present 13 lakh, pated in the National Team for assessing the requirement Sailing Championship-2004 at of additional man power and Indian Navy Watermanship other resources, a Study Group Training Centre (IN WTC), has been formed under the Mumbai, from December 1st to Additional Director General (B) 5th, 2004 conducted by Yacht- of Directorate General NCC to ing Association of India (YAI). present a consolidated case for (g) Equestrian Competition:NCC all increased requirements. participated in Punjab Horse (c) Show 2004 organised in Encouragement of Air and Ludhiana from April 23rd to 24th, Naval Training activities in 2004 and won two gold and two remote areas: Action is under- silver Medals. NCC team from way to provide an Air Squadron Punjab Directorate also partici- at Pantnagar in Uttaranchal pated in Shivalik Horse Show State and a Naval unit at 2004 at Chandimandir. Lansdowne in Garhwal region PLANNING SECTION in order to give exposure to the youth of remote areas. 13.14 During the year the following (d) important activities were also under- Providing NCC to deserving taken:- Schools and Colleges: Ef- forts are on to reach out to all (a) Formulation of Mixed Battal- deserving schools and colleges ion concept: In order to give that are desirous of having NCC boost to the girl cadets enrol- and at the same time measures ment, mixed battalion concept has been formulated with a are being taken to withdraw view to increase the strength of from schools/colleges that are girl cadets from 13% of the not conducting NCC activities overall strength to 30 % over a of the desired level. 195 LOGISTICS DIRECTORATE sets have been provided with acces- sories at the scale of two each for 13.15 Purchase of Rafting Equip- every NCC Group Headquarter. ment for NCC: Two sets of Rafting, Safety, command and control equip- 13.17 Procurement of Computers ment have been procured along and Peripherals: 319 computers with accessories for white water each alongwith modem, inkjet printer rafting. and MS Office Professional, have 13.16 Authorisation of Generator been procured and allotted to the Sets to NCC Group HQ: Generator NCC establishments up to unit level.

196 14

DEFENCE RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Prime Minister and Raksha Mantri with Uzbek President and Defence Minister signing an MoU on Defence Co-operation

197 DEFENCE RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES

14.1 A closer security dialogue and rity challenges, port calls etc. and strengthening of defence coopera- defence cooperation through training tion with friendly countries remains exchanges, combined exercises, an important objective and compo- meetings at various levels, seminars, nent of our overall defence and sourcing, development, production foreign policies. These have been and marketing of defence equip- reinforced by the major changes that ment, and other forms of coopera- have taken place in recent years in tion. the global security, political and 14.3 There were several visits to strategic environment. The emer- India at the level of Defence Minis- gence of a new and virulent brand of ters. Since March 2004, the Defence international terrorism as one of the Minister of China (March 2004), the primary threats to domestic and Minister of State for Defence & international security has brought National Security of Maldives, Shri about a greater convergence in Abdul Sattar Anbaree (August 2004), security perceptions among nations the UK Secretary of State for De- and prompted closer security and fence, Mr. Geoff Hoon (October defence-related contacts, exchanges 2004), the Russian Defence Minister, and cooperation with a widening Mr. Sergey B. Ivanov (November- group of countries. Concerns about December 2004), the Defence Minis- the leakage and proliferation of ter of Switzerland, Mr. Samuel weapons and technologies that can Schmid (November-December 2004), be used for mass destruction and the US Secretary for Defence, Mr. threats to the security of transport, Donald Rumsfeld (December 2004), travel and the sea-lanes, have also the Defence Minister of Tajikistan, Mr. served to bring countries closer and S. Khairulloev (January 2005), the to cooperate for their mutual security. Defence Minister of Ghana (February 14.2 India too has responded to 2005), and the Defence Minister of this scenario by developing an ex- Vietnam (March 2005) have visited panding web of defence relations India on bilateral visits. Outgoing with a wide-range of countries. These visits have included the visit of have taken the form of increased Raksha Mantri Shri Pranab defence diplomacy in the form of Mukherjee to Poland in November exchanges of high-level defence- 2004. Secretary Rumsfeld’s visit was related visits and dialogues on secu- followed by a visit by the US Secre- 198 tary of State, Dr. Condoleeza Rice, in Mr. Douglas Feith, (June 1-3, 2004); March 2005. The visits touched on the 7th India-France High Commis- the global priorities of President sion on Defence Cooperation led by Bush’s second term and the pros- the French Defence Minster’s Per- pects of expanded defence coopera- sonal Representative, J. F. Thibault, tion. at Paris (November 2004); and the 3rd meeting of the India-Israel Joint 14.4 Defence relations and coop- Working Group on Defence headed eration also formed the agenda of by the Director General of the Israeli the State visits of the Sri Lankan Ministry of Defence, at Tel Aviv (De- Prime Minister (July 2004) and Presi- cember 2004). dent (November 2004), the Chairman of Myanmar’s State Peace and De- 14.6 Other high level interactions velopment Council, Senior General and visits in the field of defence Than Shwe (October 2004), the cooperation included the visits of Russian President Vladimir Putin former Defence Secretary, Shri Ajay (December 2004), President Dr. Ivan Prasad to Germany and Romania Gasparovic of the Slovak Republic (April 2004) and Singapore (June (December 2004), the King of 2004) for the International Institute for Bhutan, Jigme Singye Wangchuk Strategic Studies’ ‘Shangri-la’ Dia- (January 2005), and the Afghan logue, and the visit of the German President Hamid Karzai (February State Secretary of Defence Dr, Peter 2005). Eickenboom (December 2004).

14.5 Over the years India has devel- 14.7 Visits at the level of Chiefs of oped robust institutionalized security Defence/General/Joint Staff or Ser- dialogues and defence consultative vices form a vital part of our military- mechanisms at the Defence Secre- to-military relationship expanding the tary level with a growing number of framework of professional interaction countries. Those that have met since and exchanges and enhancing April 2004 included the India-Japan mutual understanding. The Chief of Defence Dialogue led by the Japa- Defence Forces of the Australia, Mr. nese Administrative Vice Minister, Mr. Peter Cosgrove, visited India in Takemasa Moriya, in India (May August-September 2004. From India, 2004); the 8th meeting of the India-UK Admiral Madhavendra Singh, then Defence Consultative Group (DCG) Chief of Naval Staff and Chairman, led by the UK Permanent Under Chiefs of Staff Committee visited Secretary of Defence, Sir Kevin Turkey in May 2004. Admiral Raman Tebbit, at New Delhi (April 27-28, Puri, the Chief of Integrated Defence 2004); the India-US Defence Policy Staff visited the US in October 2004. Group headed by the US Under Visits at the level of Service Chiefs Secretary of Defence for Policy, include the visits of the Major Gen-

199 eral Ng Yat Chung, Chief of Defence June-July 2004, Japan in July 2004, Forces, Singapore (April 2004), Vice Israel in September 2004 and Admiral Chris Ritche, Chief of Naval Myanmar in November 2004. The Staff, Australia; Lt. General Ahmed Chief of Naval Staff paid visits to Sri bin Harith bin Harith Nasser Al- Lanka in September 2004, UK in Nabhani, Chief of Staff of the October 2004, Italy in January 2005, Sultan’s Armed Forces (COSSAF), Seychelles in February 2005 and the Oman; Rear Admiral Abbas Mohtaj, US in March 2005. Commander of the Iran Naval Forces 14.9 A growing feature of our (May 2004); Lt. General L. M. Fisher, defence cooperation with foreign Commander, Botswana Defence countries this year has been an Forces (CDF) (August 2004); Admiral Dato Sri Mohd. Anwar bin H. J. Mohd increased frequency of activities Nor, Chief of the Royal Malaysian such as joint and combined exer- Navy; Rear Admiral Ronnie Tay, Chief cises with friendly armed forces. of Singapore Navy (September These exercises are growing in 2004); Rear Admiral Shah Iqbal scale and complexity. Joint air Mujtaba, Chief of Naval Staff, exercises were conducted during Bangladesh; Major General Lim Kim the year with the US, Singapore, Choon, Chief of Singapore Air Force South Africa, France and other (October 2004); Major General countries. India and the US held five Khalid Bin Abdulla Mubarak Al joint exercises, including Ex ‘Co- Buinnain, Commander, Air Force & operative Cope Thunder’ in Alaska Air Defence, UAE; Lt. General Peter from July 15-31, 2004 (between the F. Leahy, Chief of the Australian Air Forces); Ex ‘Yudh Abhyas’ in Army; General Pyar Jung Thapa, Hawaii July 12-31, 2004 and Ex Chief of the Army Staff, Royal Nepal ‘Balance Iroquois’ / Ex ‘Vajra Prahar’ Army (November 2004); the Japa- in Leh from September 5-15, 2004 nese Coast Guard Commandant, (between the Armies); and Ex Hiroki Ishikawa, in January 2005; ‘Malabar’ from October 5-10, 2004 and Lt. General N. C. Gregson, Cdr, and Ex ‘Flash Iroquois’ in October US Marine Forces Pacific, USA, and 2004 (between the Navies). Nine Major General Mohamed Benslimani, countries participated in a multina- Chief of Air Force, Algeria, in Febru- tional air Exercise ‘Co-operative ary 2005. Cope Thunder-2004’ held in Alaska 14.8 From India, Chief of Army Staff from July 15-30, 2004. This was the (COAS) visited Austria in August first time that in the history of the 2004, Sri Lanka & Maldives in No- Indian Air Force (IAF), the fighter vember 2004, and China in Decem- aircraft of the IAF have participated ber, 2004. The Chief of Air Staff in a multinational exercise held visited France in April 2004, the UK in outside India.

200 14.10 The Republic of Singapore Air Indian participation included INS Force (RSAF) and the IAF partici- Mysore, INS Brahmaputra and INS pated in a bilateral Dissimilar Air Shankul. A two-week naval Special Combat Training Exercise ‘Ankush/ Forces Exercise, SANGAM 04, was SINDEX-04’ at Air Force Station, held at Ganpatiphule, India from Gwalior, from October 11-26, 2004. October 8-24, 2004. The annual An IAF contingent ferried across the Indo-French exercise VARUNA 04 Indian Ocean to participate in an Air was held from April 7-14 2004. The Defence Exercise ‘Golden Eagle’ French Carrier Battle Group, includ- with the South African Air Force. The ing aircraft carrier ‘Charles de Indian Air Force also participated in Gaulle’, amphibious ships and frig- the Africa Aero Space Defence Exhi- ates participated. VARUNA 05 held in bition during their stay at South March 2005 focused on Mine Africa, at which two Mirage 2000 Counter Measures (MCMEX). The aircraft carried out formation aerobat- eleventh IN-Singapore Navy annual ics. The Surya Kiran aerobatic team exercise was held off Kochi from performed along with the French Air March 7-19 2004. The 12th exercise Force aerobatic team Patrouille-de- was held in the South China Sea in France on November 7, 2004 at March 2005. The first bilateral joint Hindon Air Base. The Army con- exercise with the Royal UK Navy ducted artillery and armour exercises codenamed KONKAN 04 was held with the Singapore army in Deolali off Chennai from April 17-19, 2004. and Babina ranges in India in March HMS Exeter and RFA Gray Rover 2005. These exercises helped part- participated in the basic level exer- ner countries test skills and equip- cise. An Indo-Oman Joint Exercise ment, learn from each other’s experi- Thammar-Al-Thayib was held off ence and develop professional Oman from February 20-22 2005. bonds. INS Karwar participated in the 2nd Western Pacific Mine Counter Mea- 14.11 The Indian Navy has institu- sures Exercise held off Singapore tionalized joint exercises with USA, from April 21– May 7, 2004. One France, Singapore, Oman and the diving team also took part in the UK, and joint patrols with Indonesia. Diving Exercise which was con- Naval exercises took on an increas- ducted simultaneously. ingly diversified and complex charac- ter. The annual Indo-US naval joint 14.12 Naval goodwill visits are a exercise ‘MALABAR-CY-04’ was conventional instrument of defence conducted off the west coast of India diplomacy. Major overseas deploy- from October 1-10, 2004. From the ments of the Indian Navy on good US side, USS Cowpens, USS Gary, will visits during this period have USS Alexandria and one P3C Orion included the visit of three Indian participated in the exercise. The Naval Ships to Pusan (RoK) from

201 October 2004; and the INS Mumbai, 14.15 The role of the Indian Armed INS Aditya, INS Talwar and INS Forces in disaster responses in the Pralaya to Abu Dhabi from Septem- South Asian region was manifested ber 19-23, 2004. Also, as part of our in their response to requests for programme of cooperation with assistance after the December 26, Djibouti, the Indian Navy ship, INS 2004 Tsunami. The Indian Navy, Air Dunagiri, visited Djibouti in May Force, Coast Guard and Army de- 2004. There were other naval ship ployed some 20,000 troops, 40 ships visits to ports in the Persian Gulf and and 32 aircraft (including helicopters) the South China Sea. in the national and international effort 14.13 The Navy also performed that included Sri Lanka, Maldives some operational, training and joint and Indonesia. For the international security activities together with part- effort alone, the Air Force lifted 500 ner navies. The 4th India-Indonesia tonnes of relief material and 1,750 Coordinated Patrol, called personnel by air; Navy delivered 735 ‘INDINDOCORPAT’ was conducted tonnes and conducted 1063 sorties from September 1-30, 2004. IN Ships by sea, and the Armed Forces as a Tarasa and Tarmugli participated whole, provided medical aid to from the Indian side. IN Ships Sujata nearly 15,000 people. Indian Air and Savitri were deployed at Maputo, Force helicopters set off for Sri Lanka Mozambique, from June 2-27 2004 within hours and an Indian naval ship to provide maritime security during set sail from Kochi equipped with the ‘World Economic Forum Summit’ relief supplies within four hours of a and the ‘Africa-Carribean-Pacific request from Sri Lanka. The logistics Heads of State Summit’ held at trail for the effort extended in most Maputo. More than 100 Mozambican cases over thousands of miles. The naval personnel were also imparted Indian Armed Forces were able to training during the period of deploy- demonstrate speed, man-power ment. intensive tasks, specialized skills and 14.14 The Indian Navy’s Sail training a humanitarian approach in respond- ship, the INS Tarangini, which sailed ing to the crisis that included search from Kochi on Jan 23, 2003 on a and rescue, evacuation, relief sup- circumnavigation voyage, returned to plies including food and water, shel- Kochi on April 25, 2004. During the ter, medical, diving and salvage voyage, the ship touched 37 ports in operations, clearing of harbours, 18 countries and covered a distance repair, restoration or services, and of 34,923 NM. 19 foreign officers rehabilitation and reconstruction embarked the ship during various activities, including the laying of legs of the voyage. bailey bridges. 202 15

CEREMONIAL, ACADEMIC AND ADVENTURE ACTIVITIES

An illuminated view of the South Block which houses the Ministry of Defence

203 CEREMONIAL, ACADEMIC AND ADVENTURE ACTIVITIES

15.1 The Ministry of Defence en- related studies on national and courages and promotes both aca- international security issues. The demic and adventure activities Institute is a registered body under through autonomous institutions the Societies Act of 1860 (Punjab which are provided regular financial Amendment Act, 1957) and is gov- assistance. These institutions are : erned by an Executive Council elected by the members of the Insti- (i) The Institute for Defence tute. The Institute is accessible to Studies and Analyses, New political leaders, scholars, the media, Delhi; service officers and others who have (ii) Mountaineering Institutes at an interest in problems of national Darjeeling and Uttarkashi; and, security.

(iii) The Jawahar Institute of Moun- 15.4 The Research Faculty: The taineering and Winter Sports Institute has a well qualified and a (JIM) at Aru, Kashmir. multi-disciplinary research faculty of over 50 scholars drawn from the 15.2 The important activities of academia, the defence forces, the these institutions during the period para military organisations and the under review are enumerated in the civil services. Presently, there are 16 succeeding paragraphs. researchers under the 2003-04 Fel- INSTITUTE FOR DEFENCE lowship programme who are en- STUDIES AND ANALYSES (IDSA) gaged in individual research projects. Their collective efforts ensure an all 15.3 The Institute for Defence encompassing and an Indo-centric Studies and Analyses was estab- assessment of various regions, coun- lished in November, 1965 to initiate tries and issues that affect our current studies and research on problems of and futuristic security environment. national security and the impact of The Institute also offers facilities to defence measures on economic, foreign scholars’ for their research. To political and social developments. enrich the quality of research work of Over the years, the Institute has the scholars, IDSA has bilateral ties evolved as a premier research institu- with a number of similar Institutes tion, carrying out authoritative policy- across the globe.

204 15.5 Activities: The Institute orga- Centre for Strategic Studies & Re- nized major international confer- search (UAE) and Institute for Na- ences such as the 7th Asian Security tional Strategic Studies (USA). conference on “Changing Security 15.7 Research Orientation: The Dynamics in Eastern Asia” from research output of the faculty is January 27-29, 2005. The Confer- mainly published in the Institute’s ence was attended by a large num- journal ‘Strategic Analysis’ or as ber of scholars, diplomats and mem- monographs and books. The re- bers of government representing searchers frequently present their several countries. 28 papers were papers in various national and inter- presented in six sessions. Seminars national seminars and also contrib- were also held on specific issues ute articles and chapters to foreign such as “9-11 Revisited”, the “Cur- journals and publications. Besides, rent Developments in Iraq” and the the IDSA also brings out the ‘Strate- “Nuclear Proliferation Treaty (NPT) gic Digest’ which is a monthly com- Review Conference” in the course of pendium of information from the the year under review. The Institute open sources on nuclear and disar- organized more than 50 Round Table mament issues, military doctrines, Discussions with visiting scholars, arms transfer and technology devel- diplomats and foreign delegations/ opments. It has been found useful teams. by many institutions and the defence 15.6 Bilateral and Multilateral departments of various universities Interactions: The Institute has bilat- and colleges in India. eral ties and multilateral interactions 15.8 Training Programmes: The with the Bangladesh Institute of Institute is also engaged in training International and Strategic Studies programmes for the Government (Bangladesh), the Council for Secu- officers drawn from the Indian Ad- rity Cooperation in Asia Pacific ministrative Service, Indian Foreign (CSCAP), Institute of International Service, the Armed Forces and the and Strategic Relations (France), Para-Military Forces. During the year Institute of Political and International under review, a five day training Studies (Iran), Begin-Sadat Centre capsule was organized by the IDSA for Strategic Studies (Israel), Japan for IAS Officers. The faculty members Institute of International Affairs and of IDSA were also invited as guest National Institute of Defence Studies speakers at various training estab- (Japan), Kazakhstan Institute for lishments and universities around the Strategic Studies (Kazakhstan), country including the National South Africa Institute of International Defence College and the Foreign Studies (South Africa), Emirates Service Institute. 205 15.9 Information Resources: The pattern. These Institutes are run as Institute is constantly upgrading its private Registered Societies and Information Resources, which has a have been conferred the status of sizeable resource base on national autonomous bodies. Raksha Mantri security and defence strategy sub- is the President of these Institutes. jects. It has a collection of over The Chief Minister of the respective 50,000 books and a number of CD- State is the Vice-President of the ROM database. In addition, more Institute. These Institutes are gov- than 300 current journals are re- erned by separate Executive Coun- ceived, in print as well as electronic/ cils consisting of members elected online versions. Apart from its re- by the General Bodies, nominees ferred quarterly journal, ‘Strategic from amongst donors and/or per- Analysis’ and the monthly compen- sons who are likely to promote the dium Strategic Digest’, IDSA also cause of the Institute and representa- publishes a monthly bulletin called tives of Central and State Govern- ‘Current Journal Contents’ that lists ments. A representative each of the the contents of about 140 core jour- Ministry of Defence and State Gov- nals received in the Library. The ernment acts as Secretary of the Institute maintains a web-site (ad- Institute. dress: http://www.idsa-India.Org). 15.11 The HMI, Darjeeling, was Details of new activities as well as founded in November 1954 by the progress in the ongoing activities are then Prime Minister Pandit posted on the site. Jawaharlal Nehru, to commemorate MOUNTAINEERING INSTITUTES the historical ascent of Mount Everest by Late Tenzing Norgay 15.10 The Ministry of Defence ad- along with Sir Edmund Hillary on ministers jointly with the concerned May 29, 1953. With the establish- State Governments three Mountain- ment of this Institute, an impetus to eering Institutes namely Himalayan mountaineering as a sport was Mountaineering Institute (HMI), provided in India. To give further Darjeeling, in West Bengal, Nehru boost to mountaineering and to Institute of Mountaineering (NIM), inculcate the spirit of adventure in Uttarkashi, in Uttranchal and youth, the NIM, Uttarkashi, was set Jawahar Institute of Mountaineering up in October 1965 and the JIM at & Winter Sports (JIM), Aru (presently Aru in J&K, in October 1983. Due to located at Pahalgam in J&K). The disturbances in the valley, students expenditure on the institute is shared were reluctant to come to Aru for by the Central and respective State training. Accordingly, it was decided Governments as per agreed funding to shift the Institute temporarily to

206 Batote on the Jammu side of Banihal and include Army, Air Force, Navy, in August 1990. However, in view of ITBP and BSF Personnel, NCC certain adverse reports regarding law Cadets and private students. For- & order, regular training courses eigners are also now permitted to conducted by the Institute were join the courses. The Institutes con- temporarily suspended from April ducted the following courses during 1996. The Institute is now conduct- the year upto March, 2005 :- ing some courses on ad-hoc basis. Courses HMI NIM The Headquarters of the Institute has Basic 06 05 now been shifted to Pahalgam since Advance 03 03 October 2003. Adventure 05 05 MOI 01 01 15.12 The broad objectives of the S&R - 01 Mountaineering Institutes are: (a) to impart theoretical and practical 15.15 The number of students training in mountaineering and rock trained in these courses are as climbing techniques; (b) to awaken under:- interest in and love for mountains and exploration; and (c) to encour- Courses Men W0men age and provide training in Winter Basic 463 129 Advance 100 38 Sports. Adventure 309 94 MOI 31 05 15.13 The Institutes conduct Basic S&R 18 02 and Advance Mountaineering Courses, Method of Instruction 15.16 HMI also conducted 23 Spe- Course (MOI), Search & Rescue cial Adventure and four Rock Climb- Course (S&R) and Adventure ing Courses, in which 1339 men and Courses. The syllabi, duration, age 129 women were trained during the limit of participants and grading period. NIM also conducted 14 system for various types of courses special courses for various organiza- are almost uniform at all the Insti- tions in which 435 men and 179 tutes. During the lean period, the women were trained during the year. Institutes detail their Instructors to JIM has trained a total number of 604 conduct rock-climbing courses at the men and women in various ad-hoc request of Mountaineering Clubs/ training courses conducted by it Organisations around the country. during the period. The Instructors also join various 15.17 The Institutes at Darjeeling and expeditions. Uttarkashi have separate stores of 15.14 Trainees for these courses mountaineering equipment for loan to come from all parts of the country the Indian Mountaineering Expedi-

207 tions on nominal hire charges. The Rashtrapati Bhawan on July 5th and construction of the Museum Project at 8th, 2004 when the following Gal- HMI Darjeeling has been completed. lantry Awards and Distinguished An Artificial Climbing Wall of interna- Service Awards, announced on the tional standards was completed at Independence Day 2003 and Repub- NIM Campus and the first Interna- lic Day-2004, were presented by the tional Sport Climbing Competition – President to the awardees: ‘Asia Cup’- was held from November Gallantry Awards 19-21, 2004 on this new facility under the aegis of the Indian Mountaineer- Bar to Shaurya 01 ( 1 posthumous) Chakra ing Foundation (IMF) in which 11 Shaurya Chakra 67 (32 posthumous) Asian countries participated. Kirti Chakra 09 (7 posthumous) CEREMONIALS, HONOURS & AWARDS Distinguished Service Awards Param Vishisht Seva Medal 29 15.18 The responsibility for the Bar to Ati Vishisht Seva Medal 03 organization of National functions Ati Vishisht Seva Medal 48 like the Republic Day Parade, the Uttam Yudh Seva Medal 05 Beating Retreat Ceremony, Martyrs’ Day and the Independence Day is 15.20 Other awards like Vishisht entrusted to the Ministry of Defence. Seva Medal, Sena Medal, Nao Sena The Ministry also organises Defence Medal, Vayu Sena Medal and Bar to Investiture Ceremonies for presenta- these Medals were presented by the tion of Gallantry and Distinguished respective Chiefs of Staff and Senior Service Awards at Rashtrapati Commanders at separate Investiture Bhawan in association with the Ceremonies. President’s Secretariat. The INDEPENDENCE DAY organisation of these ceremonies CEREMONY, 2004 requires coordination of a large number of activities amongst various 15.21 Beginning of the celebrations Ministries/Departments and a large of the Independence Day was number of other agencies. The marked with the choir singing of Ceremonial functions organized patriotic songs by school children in during 2004-2005 are detailed in the different Indian languages at Red following paragraphs. Fort on August 15, 2004 in the early INVESTITURE CEREMONY, 2004 morning. Later, the three Services and Delhi Police presented Guard of 15.19 The Defence Investiture Cer- Honour to the Prime Minister. emony, 2004, was held at Thereafter, the Prime Minister un-

208 Jawans during Republic Day Parade furled the National Flag on the Award Total Posthumous ramparts of the Red Fort, to the Kirti Chakra 03 02 accompaniment of the National Shaurya Chakra 33 22 Anthem played by the Services Bar to Sena Medal 03 - Band. A 21 gun salute was also (Gallantry) presented on the occasion followed Sena Medal 200 45 (Gallantry) by the Prime Minister’s address to Vayu Sena Medal 04 - the Nation. The ceremony con- (Gallantry) cluded with the singing of National Anthem by the children and the AMAR JAWAN CEREMONY, NCC Cadets from schools of Delhi 2005 and release of balloons. After the functions at Red Fort, the President 15.23 The Prime Minister laid a laid wreath at the Amar Jawan Jyoti wreath at the Amar Jawan Jyoti at India Gate paying homage to the Memorial, under the arch of the memory of those who sacrificed India Gate on the early morning of their lives for the freedom of the January 26, 2005 and two minutes nation. silence was observed while paying 15.22 The following gallantry homage to the memory of those who awards were announced on the sacrificed their lives in safeguarding Independence Day of 2004:- the freedom of the nation. 209 REPUBLIC DAY PARADE 2005 Police, RPF and NCC were part of the parade. The DRDO equipment 15.24 Unfurling of the National Flag column included Brahmos at the Rajpath gave a glorious be- Autonomous Launcher with ginning to the Republic Day Cel- command post, ‘Pinaka’ Launcher ebrations. The President’s Body etc. National Bravery award Winning Guards presented the National Children on elephants, tableaux and Salute which was followed by the cultural items were other attractions National Anthem played by the of the parade. The tableaux and Service Bands and 21 gun salute. items for children reflected the His Majesty Jigme Singye cultural diversity of the nation. The Wanchuck, King of Bhutan was the parade ended with dare-devil motor Chief Guest on the occasion. cycle display by ASC Tornadoes 15.25 Army’s mounted columns of followed by Fly Past by aircraft of the 61 Cavalry, mechanized columns Indian Air Force. comprising of Tank T-90, Airborne 15.26 The following gallantry and Gunners, Tungushka Weapon distinguished service awards were System, missile systems like Prithvi announced on the Republic Day: and Agni I & II, Hydrema Demining Vehicles, Mi-25 attack helicopter, In addition to the above, 49 awards marching contingents and band of of Mention-in-Despatches were also Services, Para Military Forces, Delhi announced on the Republic Day.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Searcher MK-II on Display

210 Award Total Posthumous Ceremony. The conclusion of the Kirti Chakra 02 01 ceremony coincided with the illumi- Shaurya Chakra 08 04 nation of the Rashtrapati Bhawan, Bar to Sena Medal/ 02 - North Block, South Block and Parlia- Nao Sena Medal/ Vayu Sena Medal ment House. (Gallantry) Sena Medal / Nao 112 26 MARTYR’S DAY CEREMONY, sena Medal/ Vayu 2005 Sena Medal (Gallantry) 15.28 On January 30, 2005, the Param Vishisht 28 - Seva Medal President placed a wreath at Ma- Uttam Yuddh 03 - hatma Gandhi’s Samadhi at Rajghat. Seva Medal Floral tributes were also paid by the Bar to Ati Vishisht 01 - Vice President, Prime Minister and Seva Medal Ati Vishisht 49 - some of the Cabinet Ministers. This Seva Medal was followed by observance of two Yuddh Seva Medal 15 - minutes’ silence at 1100 hours as a Bar to Vishisht 05 - mark of respect to the memory of Seva Medal Vishisht Seva Medal 115 - the Father of the Nation. Bar to Sena 01 - OFFICIAL LANGUAGE DIVISION Medal (Gallantry) Sena Medal / 60 01 15.29 It is the responsibility of the Nao sena Medal/ Vayu Sena Medal Official Language (OL) Division of (Devotion to duty) Ministry of Defence to implement the Official Language policy of the Gov- BEATING RETREAT CEREMONY, ernment of India in the Ministry of 2005 Defence, its subordinate offices, defence undertakings, etc. Imple- 15.27 The ‘Beating Retreat’ is a mentation of orders/instructions centuries old military tradition dating regarding the use of Hindi in official back to the days when troops disen- work is monitored through quarterly gaged from battle at sunset. The progress reports, quarterly meetings Beating Retreat Ceremony denotes of Official Language Implementation departure of the troops assembled at Committees, Hindi Salahakar Delhi to participate in the Republic Samities and inspections of the Day Celebrations. This year the subordinate offices. The other main Ceremony was organised at Vijay functions of this Division are : Chowk on January 29, 2005. This brought the curtain down on the (1) to translate the material re- Republic Day festivities. Bands of ceived from various offices/ the three Services participated in this sections of the ministry;

211 (2) to impart training to the staff in (i) Organising Hindi workshops on Hindi, Hindi stenography and a regular basis. These work- Hindi typing through the Hindi shops were aimed at motivating Teaching Scheme of the Minis- the officials to use Hindi in their try of Home Affairs; and, official work. For this purpose, the participants were provided (3) to propagate and promote the practice exercises in their re- use of Hindi in official work by spective subjects and were also organizing Hindi workshops, apprised of the provisions of seminars, etc. and encourag- Official Language Act and the ing the staff members through Rules to facilitate them to work various incentive schemes. in Hindi with more confidence.

15.30 Annual Programme: Efforts (ii) Holding quarterly meetings of continued to achieve the targets laid two departmental Official Lan- down in the Annual Programme for guage Implementation Commit- the year 2004-05 formulated by the tees in the Ministry of Defence Department of Official Language, i.e. one for the Department of Ministry of Home Affairs. The main Defence and the Department of thrust was on the targets regarding Defence Research and Devel- Hindi correspondence, compliance opment and the other for the of the provisions of the section 3(3) Department of Defence Produc- of the Official Language Act as also tion. of rule 5 of Official Language Rules, (iii) Conducting joint official lan- operation of various incentive guage inspections of various schemes to do more and more headquarters/subordinate official work in Hindi, training of Hindi offices of three services, inter- stegnography and Hindi typing to the service organisations, defence offices/staff of Ministry of Defence. undertakings etc. Under a time The progress in this regard was bound Programme made for reviewed in quarterly meetings on a the purpose at the very begin- regular basis. The following steps ning of the year, 36 offices taken by the Ministry further boosted covered upto January 1, 2005. the use of Hindi in official work and More inspections will also be brought awareness among officers/ carried out during the remain- staff of the Ministry of Defence about ing part of the financial year. the Official Language policy of the Official Language inspections of Union and the various measures various sections within the required to be undertaken for its Ministry of Defence were also implementation:- continued like previous years.

212 (iv) Attending meetings/special 15.33 Hindi Salahakar Samities: meetings whenever arranged Steps were initiated to reconstitute by the Department of Official the two Hindi Advisory Committees, Language, Ministry of Home one for the Department of Defence Affairs and implementing deci- and Department of Defence Re- sions taken therein. search and Development and the other for the Department of Defence (v) Bringing to the knowledge of all Production. The work relating to concerned the important or- their reconstitution is almost in the ders, instructions etc. issued by final stages. After the reconstitution the Department of Official meetings will be organized as per the Language. instructions of the Department of 15.31 Translation Work: The Divi- Office Language, Ministry of Home sion remained engaged in transla- Affairs. tion work throughout the year. The 15.34 Scheme for writing Hindi material for translation from Hindi to Books: An exclusive scheme for English and vice-versa included encouraging writing of books origi- general orders, notifications, resolu- nally in Hindi on various defence tions, administrative and other re- subjects has been in vogue in the ports, Parliament Questions, etc. Ministry of Defence for quite a num- Besides, material relating to Public ber of years. That scheme has been Accounts Committee matters, audit reviewed this year and a fresh, more paras, Consultative Committee attractive scheme is now ready for meetings, papers to be laid in the being introduced. Under this Parliament, VIP references, Republic scheme, the amounts of various Day, Independence Day and Investi- cash prizes have been increased. As ture ceremony programmes were against the existing amount of also translated into Hindi during the Rs.15,000/-, Rs.10,000/- and year. Rs.7,000/-; the revised cash prizes 15.32 Hindi Training: Keeping in have been raised to Rs.50,000/-, view the targets fixed for imparting Rs.30,000/- and Rs.20,000/- respec- training to the staff in Hindi stenogra- tively for first, second and third phy and Hindi typing, efforts were prizes respectively. The scheme, made to nominate the maximum which is open to all citizens of India, number of officials to these classes. is expected to bring in better re- The position/progress was reviewed sponse in the shape of more and in quarterly meetings of the depart- useful Hindi Books written originally mental Official Language Implemen- in Hindi on defence subjects. After tation Committee. revision, the scheme has certainly

213 become more attractive as com- subordinate offices to discharge their pared to several other schemes duties properly and effectively. presently being run by various other 15.36 Inspection of various De- Ministries/Departments of Govern- fence Organisations by the Com- ment of India. The above scheme is mittee of Parliament on Official in addition to several other incentive Language: During the year the schemes being run by this Ministry First Sub-Committee of the Com- which inter-alia include a cash award mittee of Parliament on Official scheme for best in-house Hindi Language carried out official lan- magazine brought out by any office/ guage inspections of a number of organization/unit of the three Service offices under the Ministry of De- Headquarters, Inter-Service Organi- fence. For this purpose, the com- zations, defence undertakings, mittee selected a number of De- Ordnance Factory Board and C.D.A. fence offices located at Delhi, under the Ministry of Defence. Chennai, Mhow, Bangalore and 15.35 Monitoring: The overall Mumbai. The Official Language monitoring regarding the progres- Division ensured adequate coop- sive use of Hindi in the Ministry of eration from the offices concerned Defence Secretariat, three Service for these inspection meetings. The Headquarters, Inter-Service Organi- Joint Secretaries in charge of the zations and Defence Undertakings is Official Language divisions and the done by two separate Departmental Director(Official Language) repre- Official Language Implementation sented the Ministry in these meet- Committees. Four meetings each of ings. Appropriate action on the the above Committees were held issues raised/decisions taken in during the year, in which progress these meetings was ensured and made in the use of Hindi was re- instructions issued to offices con- viewed and remedial measures cerned for timely fulfillment of the suggested. These Committees also assurances given by them to the provided necessary guidance to the Committee during such inspections.

214 16

ACTIVITIES OF VIGILANCE UNITS

16.1 The Vigilance Division in the 2004, 21 Group ‘A’ Officers ( 7 of Ministry of Defence deals with vigi- DGQA, 10 of MES & 4 of DRDO) lance cases involving Group ‘A’ were awarded major penalty, 5 (1 of Civilian officers working in the Minis- DGQA, 3 of MES & 1 of DGDE) were try of Defence. For administrative awarded minor penalty, and one convenience, the vigilance work in officer was dismissed from service. respect of the Department of De- REDRESSAL OF PUBLIC fence and the Defence Research and GRIEVANCES Development Organisation is being looked after by one Chief Vigilance 16.2 Public grievances pertaining to Officer and in respect of the Depart- the Ministry of Defence as a whole ment of Defence Production by are received by the Vigilance Division another Chief Vigilance Officer. The of the Ministry of Defence through Vigilance Division looks after all the Department of Administrative vigilance matters and provides a link Reforms and Public Grievances. between the Ministry/Department These grievances are also received and the Central Vigilance Commis- from the petitioners directly. All these sion (CVC). The Vigilance Division is grievances are reviewed on a fort- responsible for regular and surprise nightly basis. inspection of sensitive spots, review and streamlining of procedures and 16.3 In accordance with the direc- initiation of measures for combating tives issued by the CVC, Vigilance corruption. The complaints received Week commencing from November through the Prime Minister’s Office, 1 to 6, 2004 was observed in the Raksha Mantri’s Complaint Box and Ministry, Defence Public Sector CVC are also being dealt by the Undertakings, Attached and Subordi- Vigilance Division. During the year nate Offices. During the week various

215 measures to bring in a sense of ● Ensuring compliance of proce- awareness about Vigilance and to dures of purchase manage- remind the employees about their ment laid down by DRDO role in ensuring a clean and efficient through periodic vigilance administration were taken. Pledge inspection of laboratories/ received from CVC was administered establishments. to the employees. Banners and DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE Posters showing ill-effects of corrup- PRODUCTION tion were displayed. Debate and Snap Talks were organised on the 16.5 Ordnance Factories: In menace and the various ways of Ordnance Factories Organisation, fighting corruption. probity and transparency in public dealings are considered as an inte- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE gral part of the organizational mis- RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT sion. Instructions of CVC, vigilance awareness and measures of anti- 16.4 The main activities of the corruption are being disseminated at vigilance units in DRDO during the all levels of employees and their year are as under: implementation is being ensured. A ● Sensitization of officers and few notable vigilance achievements staff on vigilance aspects at during the year are listed below. various levels. ■ During the year, about 80 ● Sensitization programmes to complaints were processed for root out corruption and mis- further vigilance action and 31 management of public funds preventive vigilance inspec- and misuse of public re- tions were conducted. sources. ■ CVC instructions regarding ● Vigilance inspections of Labo- posting of open tender notices ratories/Establishments to on the website of the ensure that all instructions and Organisation have been fully orders are being implemented. implemented by all the Ord- ● Conducting confidential enqui- nance Factories. ries against malpractices and 16.6 Hindustan Aeronautics bringing the errant to book. Limited (HAL): During the year, ● Processing vigilance cases/ Vigilance Department continued its inquiries and preparation of activities with emphasis on sensitive documents for vigilance areas prone to corruption/malprac- charge sheets. tices. Based on the Action Plan

216 drawn for the year, a total of 1499 16.9 Mazagon Dock Limited surprise/ random and regular inspec- (MDL): During the year, emphasis tions were conducted and 44 cases was laid by the Vigilance Department were instituted. During the year, 151 on regular/surprise inspections as a complaints were received out of preventive measure to plug the which 120 were taken up for investi- loopholes in the existing procedures gation. 40 Departmental Enquiry and to streamline the system. Fur- Committees were constituted and in ther, with a view to strengthening the 44 cases, Enquiry Officers submitted system of checks and to improve their reports. Fifty two cases were organisational ethics, Vigilance disposed of by the Disciplinary Department laid emphasis on Pre- Authorities by imposing 15 major ventive Vigilance covering aspects penalties, 13 minor penalties and in like rotation of officers/staff in sensi- 23 cases Censure/Warning/advisory tive departments, scrutiny of Property letters were issued and one exoner- Returns and review of officers’ perfor- ated. As a result of Preventive Vigi- mance under the Premature Retire- lance activities, a direct saving of ment Scheme. Rs.4.31 crore has been achieved during the year. 16.10 Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL): In order to encourage em- 16.7 Bharat Electronics Limited ployees and other persons having (BEL): Unit Vigilance Committees, business and other relations with the Chairman-cum-Managing Directors Company to come forward with (CMDs) and Functional Directors information and grievances with a took review meetings on monthly, vigilance angle, six Vigilance Com- quarterly and half yearly basis and plaint Boxes that are opened every imparted training on vigilance to Monday have been installed at vari- activate the Vigilance Machinery in ous places in the premises of the BEL. Over 82% of the executives of Company. In addition, printed and the level of Dy. Manager and above framed notice boards have been have been trained in “Domestic placed at all offices and common Enquiry and Principles of Natural places advising all outsiders to Justice” programme. contact the officers of the Vigilance 16.8 Bharat Earth Movers Limited Department in case they come (BEML): Independent Vigilance cells across any instance of corruption. were set up in all the Production 16.11 Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited Units under the overall supervision / (MIDHANI): During the year, an control of the Corporate Vigilance overall vigilance awareness has been Cell during the year. built up in the Company. A team of

217 Officers under the guidance of a full 16.12 Bharat Dynamics Limited time Chief Vigilance Officer, at the (BDL): The vigilance activities of level of General Manager has been BDL are focused on preventive functioning to ensure transparency vigilance including measures like and improvements in the systems and detailed examination of existing procedures. Vigilance Department organisation and procedures, regular actively participated in bringing out inspections, surprise inspections and several manuals in the areas of Pur- surveillance. Revised Inventory chase and Civil works, contributing Management Manual for better towards system improvements in the transparency in the area of material Company. Several circulars, guide- management has been issued. lines are being issued for the benefit Recruitment and promotion rules and of the managers at the functional security manual were streamlined. A levels, with a view to implementing vigilance page was introduced on and adhering to the instructions of the BDL’s website. Based on investiga- Central Vigilance Commission on tions by CBI and Vigilance Depart- various issues in its true spirit and ment, punitive vigilance action was perspective. also taken against erring officials.

218 17

EMPOWERMENT AND WELFARE OF WOMEN

Women Naval Officers alongwith other officers practicing the small Arms Firing

219 EMPOWERMENT AND WELFARE OF WOMEN

17.1 The role of women has been combatant branches of the Army. increasing steadily in the field of WSES has also been extended to national defence. Women are em- widows of Service officers killed in ployed in Defence Production Units, action. Eligible women are recruited Defence Research & Development as officers on Short Service Commis- Laboratories and as Doctors and sion basis in various branches of the Nursing Officers in the Armed Navy and Air Force also. Forces. With the induction of women 17.3 Indian Army: Women candi- in various non-combatant branches dates can be inducted in the Indian of the Armed Forces like logistics Army against certain identified va- and law, a larger role is envisaged for cancies in various Arms/Services them. through the Women Special Entry 17.2 Women Special Entry Scheme Scheme (Officers). Women are (WSES) has been introduced for offered Short Service Commission women to join as officers in non- for a period of 10 years, extendable

Girl Cadets during Tent Pitching Competition

220 by additional four years. The annual employment is 10 years. Extension intake is 150 with effect from Sep- upto 15 years is granted on a case- tember, 2003. Presently, there are to-case basis depending on indi- approximately 921 Women Officers vidual merit. The intake of women serving in the Indian Army. officers in IAF has shown an upward trend during last three years. In the 17.4 Indian Navy: The Indian Navy years 2002, 2003 and 2004 a total of first inducted women in 1992. As on 68, 79 and 83 women officers were date, a total of 179 (including 58 commissioned in the IAF. Medical Officers) women officers are serving in various units in the Navy. 17.8 Coast Guard: The Indian These officers are assimilated into Coast Guard has recruited lady the mainstream and their promotion officers in the rank of Assistant Com- prospects, training as well as career mandant through open direct recruit- progression are at par with their male ment. Presently, 14 such lady offic- counterparts during their tenure. ers are in service. Some of these lady officers have since been pro- 17.5 The Naval Wives’ Welfare moted to the rank of Deputy Com- Association (NWWA), has been mandant. regularly conducting adult literacy and computer classes for women. 17.9 In the Coast Guard, women officers are inducted in administra- 17.6 Information Technology (IT) tion, logistics and pilot cadre on complex have been opened for permanent commission for ashore ladies and family members for com- duties. The selection procedure is puter and IT learning. It has been same as applicable to their male observed that a large number of counterparts. The training pattern is women are benefitted through this designed as per the cadre require- facility. ment, after completion of basic 17.7 Indian Air Force: Induction of training which is common for all women as Short Service Commis- trades. As women officers are in- sion (SSC) officers in Flying, Techni- ducted for ashore billet, they are cal and Non-Technical branches in exempted from sea training, though the Indian Air Force also com- an introductory capsule attachment menced in 1992. Presently there are is provided to them. They have 515 women officers in the IAF. similar career profiles as Gentlemen Though women officers are presently officers. Specialist courses are not being granted permanent com- assigned to them as per cadre re- mission, they can serve upto 15 quirement, Long Logistics Manage- years in the IAF. The initial term of ment Course (LLMC), Long Elec-

221 tronic Data Processing course 17.13 Ministry of Defence has spe- (LEDP) for administration branch and cial pension schemes for the widows MET and ATC courses for pilots. of Service personnel. Under this scheme, the widows of the Armed 17.10 The Ministry of Defence has Forces’ personnel who die in war/ taken several steps to ensure that war like operations/ counter-insur- conducive work environment and gency operations/ in incidents involv- appropriate working conditions are ing armed hostilities or on account of provided to women. The manpower/ causes attributable to or aggravated human resource development poli- by service, are granted Liberalised cies followed in the Ministry of De- Family Pension/ Ordinary Family fence make no distinction/discrimina- Pension/ Special Family Pension tion on grounds of sex. even after remarriage, subject to 17.11 The guidelines of the Supreme certain conditions. Court to prevent sexual harassment 17.14 Schemes for Civilian at workplace for working women are Defence Employees: being implemented in the Armed Forces, Inter Service Organisations, (i) For promoting the welfare of Defence Public Sector Undertakings women civilian employees in and Defence Laboratories/Establish- the lower formations of Army, ments as well as in the Ministry of women cells have been estab- Defence. ‘Complaints Committees’ lished in units/establishments have been constituted at the Head- having sizeable number of quarters as well as at Unit levels for women, in accordance with the redressal of complaints received guidelines issued by the Na- from women employees and to tional Commission for Women. review matters relating to the safety (ii) The women cells at the unit of women. Various rules and regula- level undertake development tions have been amended as per the activities for women employees guidelines laid down by the Supreme as well as female family mem- Court. bers of employees. Common room, crèche, ladies toilets 17.12 The guidelines of National manned by women safai Commission for Women (NCW) are karamcharis are provided in also being implemented by the most of the Army units. Women’s Cell of the Ministry of Defence, with assistance of 23 Nodal (iii) The work of the women cells at Women Cells spread all over the unit level is monitored at the country. Command HQ level as well as

222 at Army HQ. There is also a 17.16 Financial Assistance – Fatal redressal mechanism for the Battle Casualties of August 15, prevention of sexual harass- 1947 to April 30, 1999: As part of ment at work places. the welfare measures, next-of-kin of all battle casualties during the period (iv) For social and economic devel- from August 15, 1947 to April 30, opment of female members of 1999 are given Rs. 50,000/- each employee’s families, employ- from the National Defence Fund and ment assistance, non-formal Army Central Welfare Fund. Even if education of girls, health care the widow gets remarried, she con- measures, family planning tinues to be eligible for the grant. assistance, sports and recre- Financial assistance upto Rs.25,000/- ation facilities are also available for Agro-based ventures/Dairy Devel- in most of the Army units. opment is provided to these war widows. Financial assistance of 17.15 Financial Assistance on Rs.30,000/- is also provided for re- demise of a soldier: marriage of widows.

(i) On the demise of a soldier, a 17.17 Scholarship for Wards: grant of Rs.30,000/- from Army Children of battle casualties are Central Welfare Fund (ACWF) eligible for reimbursement of full fees and Rs.5,000/- from Army and other expenses incurred on Wives’ Welfare Association education. Education scholarships Fund is released immediately to are provided to the children of wid- the next-of-kin. This grant en- ows of soldiers who die in harness at ables the widow to overcome the following rates: (a) Class 1 to initial problems caused by the Class XII, Rs. 5000/- per annum; (b) Graduation, Rs.10,000/- per annum; death of her husband. Even (c) Post Graduation, Rs.15,000/- per where there is a dispute be- annum and (d) Professional Courses, tween the widow and her in- Tuition Fee + Rs. 5,000/- per annum laws, the grant from ACWF is with a ceiling of Rs. 40,000/-. still given to the widow. 17.18 Demise Grant: A demise (ii) If an Officer/Personnel Below grant of Rs.2,000/- is paid to next-of- Officers’ Rank is married, his kin of deceased Ex-Servicemen wife automatically becomes his (Personnel Below Officers Rank only) next-of-kin even if the soldier through respective Record Offices. had not furnished official details From August 1, 2004 this grant has to this effect. been enhanced to Rs.3,000/-.

223 DEFENCE RESEARCH & ing women, lunch and rest rooms for DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION them and grievance cells. (DRDO) 17.21 Some of the important steps 17.19 DRDO is sensitive to the taken by the DPSUs for empower- empowerment and welfare of ment and welfare of women are as women. Government instructions follows:- and directives issued on the subject (i) Hindustan Aeronautics Lim- are being followed in both letter and ited (HAL): The strength of spirit. It is ensured that women em- women employees in HAL as ployees are accorded equal opportu- on March 31, 2005 was 1638. nities for enhancement of their skills A sizeable number of women and knowledge base for the nurtur- employees are in supervisory ing of their potential. As per Govern- and executive cadres. They are ment orders, DRDO laboratories provided with equal opportuni- have been instructed to set up the ties for advancement of their women’s cell to look after the welfare career. Also, all statutory and of women employees. In compli- welfare amenities have been ance, a cell has been constituted in extended to women employees. DRDO Headquarters for the purpose. (ii) Bharat Electronics Limited Various welfare measures have also (BEL): BEL employs 2435 been undertaken for the Women women in all its units and of- employees in the organisation. fices of BEL. Since electronic DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE assembly work requires preci- PRODUCTION sion and women are consid- ered to be the best exponents 17.20 A separate forum of Women in for meeting such demands. Public Sector (WIPS) has been The various facilities and ben- established in Defence Public Sector efits provided to women em- Undertakings (DPSUs) under the ployees include specially fur- aegis of the Standing Conference of nished exclusive rest rooms, Public Enterprises (SCOPE) to assist creche facilities for nursing the DPSUs in harnessing the full mothers, conducting awareness potential of women employees and and training classes/ also to play a catalytic role in improv- programmes, nomination of ing the status of women in the women employees for partici- DPSUs. DPSUs have provided cer- pating in meets/conferences tain facilities to working women, such organised by the “Women in as crèches for the children of work- Public Sector” (WIPS) etc.

224 “Akshya” run by the Bharat sensitisation are organised from Electronics Ladies’ Association time to time at all levels. (Bangalore) provides employ- (v) Bharat Dynanics Limited ment opportunities for destitute (BDL): There are 219 Women women. employees working in BDL of (iii) Mazagon Dock Limited whom 32 are executives and (MDL): A Women’s cell com- 187 are Non-executives. The prising a senior manager and Company has amended its lady employees has been set Standing Orders and Classifica- up in MDL to deliberate on tion, Disciplinary and Appeal ways and means of promoting (CDA) Rules to include Sexual the growth and development of harassment of women employ- women employees towards ees at work place as miscon- harnessing their potential. A duct. A Complaints Committee database has been prepared to headed by a woman Additional collect information on women General Manager, 5 other employees to evolve a mean- women members and one male ingful policy in order to improve officer has been appointed. the status and position of Special empowerment women employees. programmes are being offered (iv) Garden Reach Shipbuilders to the women employees. & Engineers Limited (GRSE): (vi) Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited In the light of Supreme Court (MIDHANI): The company judgement, suitable amend- continued its focus on empow- ment in the Classification, Disciplinary and Appeal (CDA) ering women employees by Rules has been made incorpo- providing necessary platform rating provisions relating to to realize their potential and prohibition of sexual harass- creating necessary environ- ment and penalties against ment at all work places with all offenders. A Complaint Cell statutory safeguards and has been formed to deal with amenities, enabling them to complaints of sexual harass- work safely, with pride and ment. Convenor of an NGO dignity. The facilities guaran- has also been included in the teed to them under various Complaint Cell to prevent the welfare legislations applicable possibility of any undue influ- to the Company are being ence from senior levels. extended. A cordial atmo- Programmes for gender sphere is being created for the 225 women employees wherein in BEML is 76 and 218 respec- they can effectively contribute tively. to achieving the organizational ORDNANCE FACTORIES goals. Women employees are 17.22 Women, at all levels, are nominated for various in- actively involved in various activities house and external training of the Organisation. A number of programmes. women officers are presently holding (vii) Bharat Earth Movers Limited senior positions in the Organisation. (BEML): The Company has In many Ordnance Factories, women at the shop floor level operate even constituted a Women’s Cell in sophisticated CNC machines. Every all the Production Units and the effort is made to ensure that appro- Corporate Office to redress the priate working conditions are pro- grievances of its women em- vided for women. Factories and ployees. The total strength of offices have provision for separate women officers and employees rest rooms for women employees.

226 APPENDIX-I MATTERS DEALT BY THE DEPARTMENTS OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

A. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE 11. Hydrographic Surveys and preparation of navigational charts. 1. Defence of India and every part thereof including preparation for 12. Formation of Cantonments, defence and all such acts as may be delimitation/ excision of Cantonment required in times of war to its pros- areas, local self-government in such ecution and after its termination to areas, the constitution and powers effective demobilization. within such areas of Cantonment Boards and authorities and the 2. The Armed Forces of the regulation of house accommodation Union, namely, the Army, the Navy, (including the control of rents) in the Air Force. such areas. 3. Integrated Headquarters of the 13. Acquisition, requisitioning, Ministry of Defence comprising Army custody and relinquishment of land Headquarters, Naval Headquarters, and property for defence purposes. Air Headquarters and Defence Staff Eviction of unauthorized occupants Headquarters. from defence land and property. 4. The Reserves of the Army, 14. Defence Accounts Depart- Navy and Air Force. ment. 5. Territorial Army. 15. Purchase of foodstuff for 6. The National Cadet Corps. military requirements and their dis- posal excluding those entrusted to 7. Works relating to Army, Navy, Ministry of food and Civil Supplies Air Force and Ordnance Factories. (Department of Food). 8. Remounts, Veterinary and 16. All matters relating to Coast Farms Organisation. Guard Organisation, including :- 9. Canteen Stores Department (i) Surveillance of maritime zones (India). to locate oil spills. 10. Civilian Services paid from (ii) Combating oil spills in various Defence Estimates. maritime zones, except in the

227 waters of ports and within 500 (v) Directorate of Public Relations. metres of off-shore exploration (vi) Army Purchase Organisation. and production platforms, coastal refineries and associ- (vii) Services Sports Control Board. ated facilities such as Single (viii) Armed Sports Control Board. Buoy Mooring (SBM), Crude Oil Terminal (COT) and pipe- (ix) Armed Forces Films and Photo lines. Division.

(iii) Central Coordinating Agency (x) School of Foreign Languages. for Combating of Oil Pollution (xi) History Division. in the coastal and marine environment of various mari- (xii) National Defence College. time zones. (xiii) College of Defence Manage- (iv) Implementation of National ment. Contingency Plan for oil spill (xiv) Ministry of Defence Library. disaster. B. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE (v) Prevention and control of oil PRODUCTION spills, inspection of ships and offshore platforms in the coun- 1. Ordnance Factory Board and try except within the limits of Ordnance Factories. ports as empowered by the 2. Hindustan Aeronautics Limited Merchant Shipping Act, 1958. (HAL). 17. Matters relating to diving and 3. Bharat Electronics related activities in the country. Limited(BEL) 18. The following inter-Service 4. Mazgon docks Limited (MDL). Organisations function under the Ministry of Defence: 5. Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited(GRSE). (i) Military Engineer Services. 6. Goa Shipyard Limited(GSL) (ii) Armed Forces Medical Ser- vices. 7. Bharat Dynamics Limited(BDL)

(iii) Directorate General of Defence 8. Mishra Dhatu Nigam Estates. Limited(MIDHANI)

(iv) Office of the Chief Administra- 9. Bharat Earth Movers Limited tive Officer. (BEML).

228 10. Directorate General of Quality 3. To function with the concur- Assurance (DGQA) including Direc- rence of the Ministry of External torate of Technical Development & Affairs, as the nodal co-ordinating Production (Air). agency of the Ministry of Defence on all matters relating to instruments of 11. Standardisation of defence Accord with foreign Government equipment and stores including relating to the acquisition of tech- Directorate of Standardisation. nologies whose export to India is the 12. Development of aeronautics subject of national security related industry and Co-ordination among controls of foreign Governments. users other than those concerned 4. Formulation and execution of with the Department of Civil Aviation programmes of scientific research and the Department of Space. and design, development, test and 13. Indigenisation, development evaluation, in fields of relevance to and production of items required for national security. defence purposes. 5. Direction and administration of 14. Procurement exclusive to the agencies, laboratories, establish- defence services. ments, ranges, facilities, programmes and projects of the 15. Defence exports and interna- Department. tional Cooperation in defence pro- duction. 6. Aeronautical Development C. Department of Defence Agency. Research & Development 7. All matters relating to certifica- tion of design, air worthiness of 1. Apprising, assessing and military aircraft, their equipment and advising Raksha Mantri on the influ- stores. ence on National Security of Emerg- ing developments in Sciences and 8. All matters relating to the Technology. protection and transfer of technology generated by the activities of the 2. Rendering advice to Raksha Department. Mantri and to the three services and inter-services and inter-Services 9. Scientific analysis support and Organizations on all scientific as- participation in acquisition and evalu- pects of weapons; weapon plat- ation proceedings of all weapons, forms; military operations; surveil- systems and related technologies lance; support and logistics, in all proposed to be acquired by the likely theatres of conflict. Ministry of Defence.

229 10. To render advice on the tech- gies under the administrative nological and intellectual property control of the Department. aspects of the import of technology 14. Execution of works and pur- by production units and enterprises chase of lands debitable to the manufacturing, or proposing to budget of the Department. manufacture, equipment and stores for the Armed Services. 15. All matters relating to person- nel under the control of the Depart- 11. To deal with reference made ment. under section 35 of the Patents Act, 1970 (39 of 1970). 16. Acquisition of all types of stores, equipment and services 12. Financial & other material debitable to the budget of the De- assistance to individuals, institutions partment. and bodies for study and for the training of manpower on aspects of 17. Financial sanctions relating to Science and Technology that have a the Department. bearing on national security. 18. Any other activity assigned to 13. In consultation with the Minis- or accepted by the Department try of External Affairs, international through understandings or arrange- relations in matters connected with ments with any other Ministry, De- the role of Science and Technology partment or Agency of the Govern- in national security including the ment of India whose activities have a following. bearing on the scientific and techno- logical aspect of national security. (i) Matters relating to the relations with Research Organizations D. DEPARTMENT OF EX- of other countries and with SERVICEMEN WELFARE Inter-Governmental agencies, 1. Matters relating to Ex-Service- particularly those which con- men including pensioners. cern themselves, inter alia, with the scientific and techno- 2. Ex-Servicemen Contributory logical aspects of national Health Scheme. security. 3. Matters relating to Directorate (ii) Arrangement with Universities, General of Resettlement and educational and research- Kendriya Sainik Board. oriented institutions or bodies 4. Administration of : abroad to provide for foreign scholarships and training of (a) the Pension Regulations for Indian scientists and technolo- the Army, 1961 (Parts l and ll);

230 (b) the Pension Regulations for 5. To assist in the formulation the Air Force, 1961 (Parts l and and implementation of Defence ll); Plans.

(c) the Navy (Pension) Regula- 6. To prepare Defence budget tions, 1964; and, and other estimates for the Defence Services and to monitor the (d) the Entitlement Rules to Casu- progress of the Schemes against alty Pensionary Awards to the the budget. Armed Forces Personnel, 7. To exercise post-budget vigi- 1982. lance to ensure that there are neither E. Defence (Finance) considerable shortfalls in expenditure Division nor unforeseen excesses.

1. To examine all Defence mat- 8. To advise heads of branches ters having a financial bearing. of the Armed Forces Headquarters in the discharge of their financial 2. To render financial advice to responsibility. the various functionaries of Ministry 9. To function as the accounting of Defence and the Service Head- authority for Defence Services. quarters. 10. To prepare the Appropriation 3. To act as the integrated fi- Accounts for the Defence Services. nance Division of Ministry of De- fence. 11. To discharge the responsibility for payments and internal audit of 4. To assist in the formulation Defence expenditure through the and implementation of all Scheme/ Controller General Defence Ac- proposals involving expenditure. counts.

231 APPENDIX-II MINISTERS, CHIEFS OF STAFF AND SECRETARIES WHO WERE IN POSITION FROM APRIL 1, 2004 ONWARDS

RAKSHA MANTRI Shri George Fernandes From October 15, 2001 to May 22, 2004 Shri Pranab Mukherjee From May 23, 2004 onwards RAKSHA UTPADAN RAJYA MANTRI Prof. O. Rajagopal From January 29, 2003 to May 22, 2004 Shri B.K. Handique From May 23, 2004 to November 30, 2004 RAKSHA RAJYA MANTRI Shri Chaman Lal Gupta From July 1, 2002 to May 22, 2004 Shri B.K. Handique From November 30, 2004 onwards Defence Secretary Chief of Army Staff Shri Ajay Prasad General N.C. Vij, From July 14, 2003 to PVSM, UYSM, AVSM, ADC June 30, 2004 From January 1, 2002 to January 31, 2005 Shri Ajai Vikram Singh General J.J. Singh, From July 1,2004 onwards PVSM, AVSM, VSM, ADC From February 1, 2005 onwards Secretary (Defence Production) Chief of Naval Staff Ms. Uma Pillai Admiral Madhvendra Singh, From July 9,2003 to August 2, 2004 PVSM, AVSM, ADC From December 30, 2001 to Shri Shekhar Dutt July 31, 2004 From August 2, 2004 onwards Secretary (DR&D and S.A. to Admiral Arun Prakash, Raksha Mantri) PVSM, AVSM, VRC, VSM, ADC Dr. V.K. Atre From August 1, 2004 onwards From December 29, 1999 to August 31, 2004 Chief of Air Staff Shri M Natarajan Air Chief Marshal S. Krishnaswamy, From August 31, 2004 onwards PVSM, AVSM, VM and Bar, ADC From December 31, 2001 to December 31, 2004 Secretary (Defence Finance) Air Chief Marshal S.P. Tyagi, Ms. Somi Tandon PVSM,AVSM,VM,ADC From August 10, 2004 onwards From December 31, 2004 onwards 232 APPENDIX-III SUMMARY OF LATEST COMPTROLLER & AUDITOR GENERAL (C&AG) REPORT ON THE WORKING OF MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE the Ordnance Factory, 17879 rounds of ammunition for Tanks valued at Injudicious authorization of winter Rs.47.34 crore become unservice- clothing leading to their non- able and had to be diverted for utilisation: Reduction in authoriza- training purposes. tion of shirts Angola Drab and Trou- sers and Serge Khaki from 100 per (Para 3.1 of Report No.6 of 2004) cent in 1998 to 15 per cent in 2003 of Army and Ordnance) enrolled National Cadets Corps Recoveries/savings at the instance of rendered these items valued at Rs. audit: An aggregate amount of Rs. 12.36 crore surplus in NCC Director- 3.88 crore was recovered at the ates of Rajasthan and Punjab. The instance of audit due to certain errors prospect of their utilization in future in regulation of personal entitlement, was remote since the scales of other retirement benefits & recovery to- NCC Directorates also stood re- wards liquidated damages/penalty duced. from Canteen stores Department (Para 2.1 of Report No.6 of 2004) Supplies. An amount of Rs. 58 lakh Army and Ordnance was saved at the instance of audit due to cancellation or revision of Abnormal delay in detection of en- irregular Administrative Approvals/ croachment of Defence Land: Fail- Technical Sanctions. ure of Defence Estate Officer to detect the encroachment of defence (Para 3.2 of Report No.6 of 2004) land for over 16 years resulted in Army and Ordnance non-recovery of Rs. 79 lakh towards Avoidable extra expenditure on rent and premium. procurement of Jeeps: The reason- (Para 2.2 of Report No.6 of 2004) ableness of the rates for the rims Army and Ordnance. while placing orders for 3423 Jeeps I-ARMY in October 1999 & January 2000 was not examined by Director General of Holding of defective ammunition: Ordnance Factories (DGOF) result- Due to use of wrong propellant by ing avoidable extra expenditure of

233 Rs. 3.07 crore(including excise event were sanctioned by Hqrs duties and taxes of Rs. 1.71 crore). Western Air Command (Air Force) and Air Officer Commanding Air (Para 3.3 of Report No.6 of 2004) Force Station Chandigarh and ex- Army and Ordnance ecuted by Garrison Engineer (Air Incorrect payment of transport allow- Force), Chandigarh, in contravention ance: In violation of Govt. orders, of Air Hq instructions resulted in transport allowance amounting to Rs. avoidable expenditure of Rs. 61.11 69.93 lakh was paid to service per- lakh. sonnel of Indian Military Academy, (Para 4.4 of Report No.6 of 2004) Dehradun (IMA), Equine Breeding Army and Ordnance Stud Hissar, Gorkha Training Centre, Sabathu and Officers Training Acad- III-BORDER ROADS emy, Chennai, who were provided ORGANISATION with Govt. accommodation within the campus housing both their place of Delay in construction of approaches work and residence. to a bridge due to departmental lapses: Even after spending Rs. 1.66 (Para 3.7 of Report No.6 of 2004) crore and a delay of more than three Army and Ordnance years, the approaches to the bridge II-WORKS AND MILITARY remain incomplete due to non- ENGINEER SERVICES acquisition of land for construction of approaches before commencement Avoidable expenditure on construc- of work. tion of married accommodation: Despite no demand even for the (Para .1 of Report No.6 of 2004) existing accommodation in the sta- Army and Ordnance tion, married Accommodation of IV-ORDNANCE FACTORY Other Ranks was constructed at ORGANISATION station resulting in infructuous ex- penditure of Rs. 1.17 crore. Working of Metal and Steel Factory, Ichapore: The Metal and Steel Fac- (Para 4.3 of Report No.6 of 2004) tory, Ichapore, a metallurgical unit, Army and Ordnance manufactures ferrous and non- Avoidable expenditure of Rs. 61.11 ferrous products like gun barrels for lakh on execution of works: Despite T-72 tank, 155 mm Field Howitzers the cancellation of the Presidential and 30 mm Sarath Infantry combat Fleet Review at Air Force Station, vehicle, blanks and cartidge cases Chandigarh, scheduled on October for 125 mm, 30 mm and 23 mm 17, 2001, seven works related to the ammunition & various kinds of rolled

234 alloy-steel bars, billets and rods for the range of 29 and 37 per supply to sister factories. The main cent for the Ordnance Factory production process involved are Organisation as a whole. melting, casting, forging rolling, ■ There was unfruitful expendi- machining and heat treatment. Re- ture of Rs. 3.03 crore towards view by Audit of the working of the creation of facilities for shell factory revealed that:- forge plant at the factory due ■ The under utilization of capac- to change in product profile ity in five shops ranged be- and inordinate delays due to tween 11 and 100 per cent indecision in procurement of which was attributed to non- the plant. availability of adequate orders ■ Injudicious manufacture of from sister factories. steel, blooms and billets worth ■ Two costly plants costing Rs. Rs. 22.66 crore in anticipation 28.86 crore remained grossly of orders had rendered the underutilized in the range items obsolete and unusable. between 55 and 85 percent. ■ Against the normal life of six ■ Though the available man- months, 53 manufacturing hours were not fully utilized, warrants valuing Rs. 7.71 crore the factory deployed person- were outstanding for more nel on overtime involving than one to four years. payment of Rs. 25.50 crore, (Para 7.2 of Report No.6 of 2004) out of which Rs. 2.11 crore Army and Ordnance) was avoidable.

■ Functioning of CNC machines No benefit could be derived in Ordnance Factories from and investment of Rs. 2.70 crore towards procure- Ordnance Factories inducted Com- ment of two cooling pits, one puterized Numerically Controlled mechanical press, one furnace (CNC) machines in a phased man- and one face milling machine ner from 1980 as a part of their due to their non-commission- modernization programme. CNC ing/delayed commissioning machines are designed and built to even after a lapse of two to five give superior performance and years of their receipt. accuracy in operations such as ■ Overhead charges to the value machining, turning, grinding, mill- of production ranged between ing, boring, gauging, drilling, gear 62 and 73 per cent as against making etc. in comparison to con-

235 ventional machines. Depending ■ The management of seven upon the nature of operations/jobs factories could not derive any required, CNC machines are value for money out of invest- designed with multi axes mode. ment of Rs. 15.56 crore on 16 Review by Audit of the performance machines due to various types of the functioning of CNC machines of quality problems leading to in Ordnance Factories during 1997- their non-commissioning, 2002 revealed that:- remaining under continuous breakdown or their ultimate ■ There was abnormal rejection rejection etc. amounting to Rs. 21.94 crore ■ in manufacture of components There was gross at two factories due to the underutilization to the extent of management’s failure to con- 70 per cent and above in tain the rejection percentage respect of 60 to 100 CNC within the specified limits. machines in a year. Besides, the underutilization of 82 to ■ In the absence of proper 154 other machines ranged documentation particularly, between 40 and 69 per cent in machine-wise cycle time, a year out of 349 machines annual rated capacity etc. and selected for test check at 13 non-assessment of achieve- factories. ments of benefits accrued vis- ■ At eleven ordnance factories, à-vis that envisaged at the time 41 to 94 machines remained of procurement of CNC under break-down for more machines, the factory manage- than one month’s duration in a ments were not able to effec- year, 16 machines remained tively evaluate, monitor and under break-down for more control the utilization of CNC than six months in 2001-02. machines. Besides, nine machines cost- ■ Procurement of 49 CNC ma- ing Rs. 5.99 crore were under chines costing Rs. 8.50 crore continuous break-down for in six ordnance factories periods ranging from 20 between March 1993 and months to eight and a half November 2001 lacked justifi- years as of April 2002 at six cation in view of either no factories. workload or decrease in ■ Despite production capacity workload at the concerned available through the CNC factories. route at two factories, manu-

236 facture of components of 5.56 closed the possibility of obtaining mm rifle and 9 m pistol free replacement of Track assembly through the conventional route wraps imported at a cost of Rs.3.60 led to an extra expenditure of crore from a foreign firm. Rs.9.71 crore due to higher (Para 7. of Report No.6 of 2004) cost of production. Army and Ordnance ■ The management of three Failure to develop a propellant: factories offloaded jobs Failure of High Energy Material amounting to Rs.5.32 crore to Research Laboratory, Hyderabad to trade despite having CNC indigenously develop Artus block capacity. propellants of Milan Missile in asso- ■ In two instances, the manage- ciation with Ordnance Factory, Itarsi ment of two ordnance factories had resulted in nugatory expenditure paid Rs. 1.14 crore to the of Rs.4.75 crore. suppliers of CNC machines, (Para 7. 10 of Report No.6 of 2004) who did not fulfill the contrac- Army and Ordnance tual obligations. Suppression of excess consumption (Para 7.3 of Report No.6 of 2004) of components: By working out Army and Ordnance rejection allowance based on total Blocked inventory due to abrupt value of each warrant in assembling withdrawal of demand by user: of 5.56 mm rifle and 9 mm pistol Three Ordnance Factories were instead of calculating it with refer- forced to hold blocked inventories ence to ordered quantity provided in worth Rs. 9.21 crore owing to abrupt the estimate, the Rifle Factory, decision of the army in withdrawing Ishapore suppressed excess con- their requirement of High Explosive sumption of components/sub-assem- Extended Range version of 155 mm blies worth Rs.3.19 crore. Bofors Ammunition in 1999-2000, for which there is no possibility of alter- (Para 7.13 of Report No.6 of 2004) nate use. Army and Ordnance V-AIR FORCE AND NAVY (Para 7.4 of Report No.6 of 2004) Army and Ordnance Modernisation of a submarine: Inad- Receipt of defective stores due to equate planning and tardy procure- incorrect specification in the supply ment in the modernization order: Incorrect incorporation of programme of a SSK submarine specification in the supply order by costing over Rs.800 crore have Heavy Vehicles Factory, Avadi fore- delayed the completion of the mod- 237 ernization schedule by two and half Import of defective missiles: Air Hq years, rendering the submarine failed to get three defective missiles unavailable for operational exploita- repaired/replaced at the cost of the tion during this period, and entailing foreign vendor within the warranty avoidable extra expenditure of period. As a result, the missiles Rs.9.39 crore. would complete their entire shelf life (Para 4.1. of Report No.7 of 2004) of eight years in an unserviceable Army and Ordnance condition, rendering infructuous the investment of Rs.1.26 crore on their Extra expenditure due to inadequate procurement. safety measures: Non-implementa- tion of adequate safety measures in (Para 2.2 of Report No. 7 of 2004) time by the Navy led to damage to Air Force and Navy underwater cables and equipment of two Degaussing Ranges. This re- Recoveries effected at the instance sulted in avoidable extra expenditure of Audit: At the instance of Audit, the of Rs.8.99 crore, and delay of over Air Force recovered Rs. 8.02 crore four years in the creation of De- towards interest on the amount that gaussing facilities. had been outstanding against the (Para 6.2 of Report No.7 of 2004) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited for Air Force and Navy over ten years. In another case, overpayment of Rs. 2.88 crore Purchase of rubber tiles for subma- caused by erroneous application of rines: Planning deficiencies in the rates in the bills preferred by HAL purchase of rubber tiles for subma- was recovered. rines led to avoidable expenditure of Rs.1.72 crore. (Para 3.7 of Report No.7 of 2004) (Para 4.2. of Report No.7 of 2004) Air Force and Navy Air Force and Navy Irregular payment of Transport Allow- Unnecessary procurement of trans- ance: Incorrect implementation of mitters: Procurement of eleven trans- Government orders for the grant of mitters in excess of authorization and transport allowance to Air Force and requirement by the Air Force resulted Naval personnel led to overpayment in avoidable expenditure of Rs.5.26 of Rs.20.29 crore in 26 Air Force and crore. Attempts by the Air Force to Naval formations. backload these surplus transmitters to the manufacturer have not been (Para 2.1 of Report No.7 of 2004) successful. Air Force and Navy

(Para 3.1 of Report No. 7 of 2004) Procurement of Aviation Bombs: Air Air Force and Navy Force concluded a contract with a

238 Romanian firm for supply of 3,775 Avoidable expenditure caused by Aviation Bombs without proper failure of Air Hqrs: Failure of Air Hqrs evaluation. The Bombs failed in to issue timely corrections to two flight trials. The contract had to be draft contracts resulted in extra cancelled and procurement of 2,000 expenditure of Rs. 44.75 lakhs in the bombs from an alternative proven procurement of spares. source(Russian) was entailed. This (Para 3.4of Report No.7 of 2004) led to extra expenditure of Rs. 1.32 crore. Air Force and Navy

(Para 3.2 of Report No.7 of 2004) Avoidable and infructuous expendi- Air Force and Navy ture in water supply arrangements with a municipal body: Over assess- Avoidable procurement of equip- ment of water requirements for a ment: Procurement of a High Den- naval establishment and premature sity Data Recorder for the same end conclusion of an agreement with a use by both the Project Coordinator municipal body resulted in avoidable and the Project Implementer of the and infructuous payment of Rs. 1.20 AirForce resulted in unnecessary crore. Further, the failure of the expenditure of over Rs.1.22 crore. Garrison Engineer to protect a pipe- (Para 6.1 of Report No.7 of 2004) line constructed at a cost of Rs. Air Force and Navy 57.19 lakh led to its non-utilisation and rendered the investment unfruit- Procurement of ARC Spray System: ful. Poor planning by the Air Force re- sulted in non-utilisation/sub-optimal (Para 4.5 of Report No.7 of 2004) utilization of six ARC Spray Systems Air Force and Navy procured at a cost of Rs. 1.22 crore. Non-crediting of revenue into Public (Para 3.3 of Report No.7 of 2004) Fund: Three Air Force Commands Air Force and Navy did not remit to Government revenue of Rs.1.77 crore earned from com- Procurement of fuel feed pumps: mercial complexes located in Gov- Inadequate scrutiny by the Navy, of ernment buildings/Government land. offers received from a foreign vendor for fuel pumps resulted in procure- (Para 3.6 of Report No.7 of 2004) ment of two fuel feed pumps at Air Force and Navy exorbitant rates, entailing avoidable Unauthorised and unnecessary extra expenditure of Rs.34.34 lakh. expenditure: Execution of civil works (Para 4.3 of Report No.7 of 2004) after the cancellation of the event for Air Force and Navy which these were required resulted

239 in unathorised and unnecessary Bharat Electronics Limited failed in expenditure of Rs.51 lakhs. protecting its interest at the time of amendment of delivery terms result- (Para 3.5 of Report No.7 of 2004) Air Force and Navy ing in blocking up of funds of Rs.58.37 crore and consequential Non-utilisation of a newly con- loss of interest of Rs.9.89 crore from structed technical building for the 1995-96 to 2001-02. It also incurred intended purpose: A building con- Rs.1.32 crore towards insurance structed at a cost of Rs.68 lakhs to premium for safeguarding the house an Armament Repair and goods. Maintenance Unit was diverted to other non-technical uses, by relocat- (Para 6.2.1. of Report No.3 of 2004) ing the original users in unsuitable Commercial alternative accommodation. Hindustan Aeronautics Limited failed (Para 4.4 of Report No.7 of 2004) to fulfill its commitment for repair/ Air Force and Navy overhaul of MIG 21 M and 27 M Aircraft in time resulting in incurring Non utilization of prime land: The Coast Guard failed to establish a of liquidated damages of Rs.11.33 Coast Guard Air Squadron Complex crore from 1995-96 to 2002-03. in Kolkata despite acquiring prime (Para 6.3.1. of Report No.3 of 2004) land at a cost of Rs. 15.8 crore seven Commercial years ago. Review on Marketing (Para 5.1 of Report No.7 of 2004) Activities by Bharat Earth Air Force and Navy Movers Limited DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE PRODUCTION AND SUPPLIES The Company did not conduct any market survey during the last 5 years Bharat Earth Movers Limited paid ending March 2003 resulting in penal interest of Rs.2.43 crore in July procuring/manufacturing spares/ 2002 due to delayed payment of equipment which it could not utilise/ customs duty. In addition, due to sell. The inventories as on March non- availment of concessional 2003 were 41 percent of the value of customs duty, it also paid additional production. Due to inaccurate mar- customs duty of Rs.68 lakh in July ket projections, the production ca- 2002 on domestic sales. pacity created to manufacture diesel (Para 6.1.1 of Report No.3 of 2004) engines and cylinder blocks re- Commercial mained under utilised.

240 The Company’s core activity com- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE prises manufacturing and sale of RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT earthmoving equipment, yet its share Procurement and utilization of in the field declined due to its inabil- plant and equipment in DRDO ity to offer competitive prices and to cope with competition. The main Defence Research and Develop- reason for incurring losses in manu- ment Organisation (DRDO) provides facturing and sale of earthmoving scientific and technical support to equipment was its failure to take the Armed Forces through design appropriate cost reduction mea- and development of new and sures. sophisticated equipment to meet Despite having full-fledged distribu- operational requirements. A signifi- tion network, with adequate man- cant objective is the establishment power, the Company injudiciously of capacity for indigenous produc- engaged private agencies for secur- tion of equipment which, hitherto, ing orders for its products resulting in were imported i.e. self reliance in avoidable expenditure. defence requirements. The mandate of DRDO is accomplished through The Company has not evolved any a network of 50 laboraties/establish- policy with regard to taking up of ments. R&D projects. As such it has not been able to successfully introduce A review on procurement and utiliza- R&D products in the market. tion of plant & equipment in DRDO carried out and revealed that:- There were delays on the part of the Company in supplying equipment to ● There were abnormal delays in the customers. As such the latter installation of six machines withheld payments/levied liquidated valuing Rs.13.78 crore in four damages. laboratories/Establishments.

BCCL, a sick subsidiary, defaulted in ● There was under utilization of making payment to the Company four equipment valuing even though the Company continued Rs.5.60 crore in four Labora- to supply equipment/spares on tories. credit to it. ● In two Laboratories, there were (Report No.4 of 2004) four equipments valuing Commercial Rs.3.21 crore lying unutilized.

241 ● Eight machines valuing which was not envisaged in Rs.1.75 crore required for the project proposal. specific projects were received ● Non-realisation of cost of in five laboratories either Rs.4.89 crore for the assets after closure or at the fag end installed at Mishra Dhatu of the project. Nigam for over 11 years. ● A Laboratory procured equip- (Para 5.1 of Report No.6 of 2004) ment costing Rs.1.60 crore Army and Ordnance Factories

242