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IMPONDERABILIA NR 5 2013.Vp:Corelventura Imponderabilia Biuletyn Pi³sudczykowski numer pi¹ty Gdañsk 2013 ISSN 2080-8011 Redaktor Naczelny: Nak³ad: 500 egzemplarzy Jakub H. Szlachetko [email protected] Sekretarz Redakcji: Pawe³ Fiktus [email protected] Publikacja powsta³a w wyniku wspó³pracy: Redakcja: Mateusz Cupa³a Marcin Michalak Barbara Pawe³ko-Czajka Micha³ Poznañski Jacek Srokosz Marcin Strzymiñski Rada Naukowa 1. prof. zw. dr hab. Eugeniusz Koko 2. prof. zw. dr hab. Zbigniew Opacki 3. prof. zw. dr hab. Józef Arno-W³odarski 4. prof. nadzw. dr hab. Janusz Cisek 5. prof. nadzw. dr hab. Maciej Marsza³ 6. prof. nadzw. dr hab. Waldemar Paruch 7. dr hab. Przemys³aw D¹browski 8. dr Marek Bia³okur 9. dr Micha³ Ga³êdek 10. dr Przemys³aw Kieroñczyk Oœrodek Analiz Polityczno-Prawnych 11. dr Marcin Wiszowaty Rada Fundacji: Jakub H. Szlachetko Korekta jêzykowa: [email protected] Katarzyna Czapiewska Pawe³ Szczepañski Joanna Grochowska [email protected] T³umaczenie: Anna Bernard Prezes Zarz¹du: Adam Bochentyn [email protected] Projekt graficzny ok³adki: Anna Król Zarz¹d Fundacji: Arkadiusz Abram Sk³ad i ³amanie: [email protected] Urszula Jêdryczka Micha³ Kubiak [email protected] £ukasz Mackiewicz Wydawca: [email protected] Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdañskiego Tomasz Soko³ów ul. Armii Krajowej 119/121, 81-824 Sopot [email protected] tel./fax 58 523 11 37, tel. 725 991 206 Karol Wa¿ny wyd.ug.gda.pl, kiw.ug.edu.pl [email protected] Imponderabilia Biuletyn Pi³sudczykowski SPIS TREŒCI TABLE OF CONTENTS Od Redakcji ................................... 7 Editor's Note Rozprawy naukowe dotycz¹ce zjawisk politycznych i spo³ecznych w miêdzywojennej Rzeczypospolitej Disertations on political and social phenomena in the interwar Poland Jacek Srokosz Pomiêdzy solidaryzmem a neotomizmem – aksjologiczne podstawy Konstytucji kwietniowej ........................... 11 Between Solidarism and Neothomism – Axiological Foundations of the April Constitution of Poland Bartosz Lewandowski G³owa pañstwa w koncepcji ustrojowej Józefa Pi³sudskiego i jej realizacja w Konstytucji kwietniowej .................. 29 Head of state in Józef Pi³sudski’s political concepts and its execution in the April Constitution of Poland Klaudyna Bia³as-Zieliñska Koncepcje federacyjne w okresie II Rzeczpospolitej. Rys historyczny .... 45 Federation concepts during Second Polish Republic. Historical outline Marta Mackiewicz Uwarunkowania polityczne powstania i wcielenia do II Rzeczypospolitej Litwy Œrodkowej ................................ 58 Political determinants of establishment and incorporation of the Central Lithuania to the Second Republic of Poland 3 Micha³ Ga³êdek Autonomia ziemi wileñskiej w inkorporacyjnym programie polskiego rz¹du na prze³omie 1921 i 1922 roku ............... 71 Wilno Land’s autonomy in the incorporation scheme of Polish Government between 1921 and 1922 Barbara Pawe³ko-Czajka Pamiêæ o wielokulturowej tradycji Wilna w dobie litewsko-polskiego konfliktu o miasto w okresie miêdzywojennym ............... 92 The memory of Vilnius multicultural tradition at the time of Polish-Lithuanian conflict over the city during the interwar period Kamil Piska³a Ku demokracji parlamentarnej. Konstytucyjne rozwa¿ania Mieczys³awa Niedzia³kowskiego z lat 1917–1918 ..............111 Toward the parliamentary democracy. Mieczys³aw Niedzia³kowski’s consideration of constitution in 1917–1918 Ariel Orze³ek Idea konsolidacji polskich si³ politycznych w dzia³alnoœci gen. Kazimierza Sosnkowskiego w latach 1918–1926 ............132 The concept of consolidating the Polish political power in Gen. Kazimierz Sosnkowski’s activities in the years 1918–1926 Pawe³ Fiktus Wokó³ koncepcji przejêcia by³ych kolonii niemieckich w myœli politycznej Ligi Morskiej i Kolonialnej w latach 1928–1932 ...............153 Around the concept of taking over the former German colonies on the political agenda of Maritime and Colonial League in the years 1928–1932 Wojciech Podjacki Zdzis³aw Stahl wobec zagadnieñ gospodarczych w latach 1927–1933 . 169 Zdzis³aw Stahl in the face of the economic issues in the years 1927–1933 Jan Pietrzak Myœl polityczna Kazimierza Bartla ......................189 Kazimierz Bartel’s political concept Piotr Cichoracki Pierwszy okres istnienia Obozu Zjednoczenia Narodowego w województwie poleskim ..........................200 The first period of the existence of Camp of National Unity in the Polesia province Karol Dziuda Roz³am w Zjednoczeniu Pracy Wsi i Miast ..................215 A split in the Labour Union of Villages and Towns Karol Siemaszko Wybrane sprawy rozpoznawane przez S¹d Obywatelski w Londynie ....243 The selected cases adjudicated by the Civil Court in London 4 Recenzje Reviews Bogumi³ Grott Co o nacjonalizmie ukraiñskim powinniœmy wiedzieæ! Rozwa¿ania wokó³ ksi¹¿ki – Dmytro Doncow „Nacjonalizm”, Kraków 2008, wyd. „Ksiêgarnia Akademicka” – Kraków, ul. Œw. Anny 6 .........255 What we should know about Ukrainian nationalism. Reflections of ‘Nationalism’ by Dmytro Doncow Varia Varia Dariusz Faszcza Warunki i okolicznoœci powstania ksi¹¿ki Pi¹ty Pu³k Piechoty Legionów „Zuchowaty” .....................................267 The circumstances and conditions of writing a book Fourth Infantry Regiment „Zuchowaty” . OD REDAKCJI Szanowni Pañstwo, powracamy po kilku miesi¹cach przerwy (si³a wy¿sza, takie prawid³a pe- riodyku) i z jednakow¹ co zawsze serdecznoœci¹ zapraszamy do jego lektury! *** Niniejszy numer dedykujemy Genera³owi Kazimierzowi Sosnkowskiemu, postaci tyle¿ to utalentowanej i uzdolnionej, co uczciwej. Kwintesencj¹ sylwet- ki Pana Genera³a jest próba samobójcza, o której nie sposób nie wspomnieæ. Œwiadczy ona, podkreœlam to z ca³¹ pewnoœci¹ i przekonaniem, o rycerskich przymiotach jego osobowoœci i charakteru. Gdy w maju 1926 roku Marsza³ek Józef Pi³sudski przeprowadzi³ skutecznie przewrót wojskowy, Kazimierz Sosn- kowski, nie widz¹c korzystnej alternatywy i mo¿liwego zachowania, targn¹³ siê na swoje ¿ycie. Chcia³ dochowaæ wiernoœci Marsza³kowi, z którym dzieli³ kon- spiracyjne, wojenne trudy i znoje, ale chcia³ z równ¹ stanowczoœci¹ pozostaæ lo- jalny wobec treœci przysiêgi, której jako wojskowy podlega³. W obliczu kolizji tych dwóch wartoœci uzna³, ¿e mniejszym z³em bêdzie odebranie sobie ¿ycia. Ca³e szczêœcie to dramatyczne wydarzenie nie zakoñczy³o jak¿e piêknej biografii Pana Genera³a! Wrêcz przeciwnie, rozpoczê³o kolejny rozdzia³ w jego ¿yciu. Opisane, niestety bardzo syntetycznie, wydarzenie jest wiêc pewn¹ sym- boliczn¹ delimitacj¹ jego ¿ycia. Co wa¿ne – Marsza³ek w dalszym ci¹gu doce- nia³ Genera³a, pomimo towarzysz¹cych mu rozterek i romantycznej decyzji! A sam Genera³, który ju¿ uprzednio zas³u¿y³ siê w dziejach polskich (¿eby tylko wspomnieæ: za³o¿yciel Zwi¹zku Walki Czynnej; podkomendny jeszcze wówczas Komendanta Pi³sudskiego w Legionach Polskich; osadzony w Twierdzy w Mag- deburgu wskutek tzw. kryzysu przysiêgowego; dowódca Armii Rezerwowej w wojnie z bolszewikami), da³ równie¿ póŸniej powód do historycznej dumy 7 (¿eby tylko zaznaczyæ: przewidywany nastêpca Prezydenta Moœcickiego; zosta³ Naczelnym Wodzem Si³ Zbrojnych w okresie II wojny œwiatowej). *** Mamy nadziejê, ¿e numer pi¹ty czasopisma przypadnie Pañstwu do gustu, ¿e opublikowane na jego ³amach opracowania naukowe oka¿¹ siê wci¹gaj¹c¹ i interesuj¹c¹ lektur¹! Z powa¿aniem Jakub H. Szlachetko Redaktor Naczelny Pawe³ Fiktus Sekretarz Redakcji ROZPRAWY NAUKOWE DOTYCZ¥CE ZJAWISK POLITYCZNYCH I SPO£ECZNYCH W MIÊDZYWOJENNEJ RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ DISERTATIONS ON POLITICAL AND SOCIAL PHENOMENA IN THE INTERWAR POLAND . POMIÊDZY SOLIDARYZMEM A NEOTOMIZMEM – AKSJOLOGICZNE PODSTAWY KONSTYTUCJI KWIETNIOWEJ JACEK SROKOSZ* Na kszta³t rozwi¹zañ ustrojowych i spo³ecznych, zawartych w Konstytu- cji kwietniowej, najwiêksze piêtno odcisnê³a frakcja pu³kowników oraz grupa konserwatystów, którzy znaleŸli siê w obozie rz¹dz¹cym po przewrocie majo- wym1. Wspóln¹ p³aszczyzn¹ ³¹cz¹c¹ obydwie wymienione grupy obozu pi³sud- czykowskiego niew¹tpliwie by³a niechêæ do demokracji parlamentarnej, „sejmokracji” i „partyjniactwa”, jak równie¿ d¹¿enie do wzmocnienia w³adzy prezydenta i zagwarantowania niezale¿noœci rz¹du od sejmu2. Tym z kolei, co * Dr Jacek Srokosz – prawnik, adiunkt w Zak³adzie Teorii i Filozofii Prawa na Wydziale Prawa i Ad- ministracji Uniwersytetu Opolskiego. 1 W.T. Kulesza, Koncepcje ideowo-polityczne obozu rz¹dz¹cego w Polsce w latach 1926–1935, Wroc³aw– Warszawa–Kraków–Gdañsk–£ódŸ 1985, s. 111. Szerzej o organizacji i dzia³alnoœci konserwaty- stów w ramach obozu rz¹dz¹cego w Polsce w latach 1926–1939 zob. W. W³adyka, Dzia³alnoœæ pol- skich stronnictw konserwatywnych w latach 1926–1935, Wroc³aw–Warszawa–Kraków–Gdañsk–£ódŸ 1977; J. Bartyzel, Konserwatyzm bez kompromisu: Stronnictwo Zachowawcze i Klub Zachowawczo-Mo- narchistyczny w latach 1922–1928, Warszawa 1990; B. Szlachta, Z dziejów polskiego konserwatyzmu, Kraków 2003; D. Szpoper, Sukcesorzy Wielkiego Ksiêstwa: Myœl polityczna i dzia³alnoœæ konserwatystów polskich na ziemiach litewsko-bia³oruskich w latach 1904–1939, Gdañsk 1999. Szerzej o polskiej myœli konserwatywnej zob. M. Jaskólski, Kaduceus polski. Myœl polityczna konserwatystów krakowskich 1866–1934, Warszawa–Kraków 1990; B. Szlachta (red.), Pañstwo i prawo w polskiej myœli konserwatyw- nej do 1939 roku, Warszawa 2002; ten¿e, Szkice o konserwatyzmie, Kraków 2008; T. Sikorski, „W krêgu pañstwa i w³adzy”: Koncepcje ustroju politycznego polskich konserwatystów (1926–1939), Toruñ 2007. 2 Szerzej o myœli politycznej pi³sudczyków zob. równie¿ J. Faryœ, Pi³sudski i pi³sudczycy: Z dziejów kon- cepcji polityczno-ustrojowej
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