Climate Change Conference 2007
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EARTH OBSERVATION of OCEAN ACIDIFICATION
EARTH OBSERVATION of OCEAN ACIDIFICATION: The case of Nusa Penida, Kelungkung, East Bali FAJAR EKO PRIYANTO February, 2019 SUPERVISORS: Dr. ir. S. Salama Dr. ir. C. M. M. Mannaerts EARTH OBSERVATION of OCEAN ACIDIFICATION: The case of Nusa Penida, Kelungkung, East Bali Submitted by: FAJAR EKO PRIYANTO S6036074 Enschede, The Netherlands, February 2019 SUPERVISORS: Dr. ir. S. Salama Dr. ir. C. M. M. Mannaerts REPORT ASSESSMENT BOARD: Dr. ir. C. Van der Tol (Chairman) Dr. A. Hommerssom (External Examiner, WaterInsight) Submitted to: Department of Water Resources and Environmental Management (WREM) Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, The Netherlands DISCLAIMER This document describes work undertaken as part of a programme of study at the Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation of the University of Twente. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the Faculty. ABSTRACT In this century, increasing carbon dioxide anthropogenic concentration in the atmosphere becomes an important issue which causes environmental problems such as global warming and ocean acidification. Oceans are known to act as a buffer in the ocean acidification. The key marine organisms such as fish and coral reef could diminish due to the difficulty to survive and sustain because of ocean acidification. Bali, an island in Indonesia has a good quality of coral cover can also be affected by ocean acidification. Monitoring the Sea Surface Total Alkalinity would help us to know how far our ocean can survive from additional acid due to ocean acidification. It could give us a better understanding of the correlation between ocean acidification and ecological condition. -
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATION EDUCATION AND RESEARCH ONLINE ISSN: 2411-2933 PRINT - ISSN: 2411-3123 INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIVE RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND PUBLISHER (IERFP) Volume- 5 Number- 8 August Edition International Journal for Innovation Education and Research www.ijier.net Vol:-5 No-8, 2017 About the Journal Name: International Journal for Innovation Education and Research Publisher: Shubash Biswas International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 44/1 Kallyanpur Main road Mirpur, Dhaka 1207 Bangladesh. Tel: +8801827488077 Copyright: The journal or any part thereof may be reproduced for academic and research purposes with an appropriate acknowledgment and a copy of the publication sent to the editor. Written permission of the editor is required when the intended reproduction is for commercial purposes. All opinions, information’s and data published in the articles are an overall responsibility to the author(s). The editorial board does not accept any responsibility for the views expressed in the paper. Edition: August 2017 Publication fee: $100 and overseas. International Educative Research Foundation and Publisher ©2017 Online-ISSN 2411-2933, Print-ISSN 2411-3123 August 2017 Editorial Dear authors, reviewers, and readers It has been a month since I was given the privilege to serve as the Chief Editor of the International Journal for Innovation Education and Research (IJIER). It is a great pleasure for me to shoulder this duty and to welcome you to THE VOL-5, ISSUE-8 of IJIER which is scheduled to be published on 31st August 2017. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research (IJIER) is an open access, peer-reviewed and refereed multidisciplinary journal which is published by the International Educative Research Foundation and Publisher (IERFP). -
Expedition Report Transport Indonesian Seas, Upwelling, and Mixing Physics (TRIUMPH) 2019
Expedition Report Transport Indonesian seas, Upwelling, and Mixing Physics (TRIUMPH) 2019 Leg 1 & Leg 2 (37 Days) November 18th – December 24th 2019 Prepared by: Center of Deep-Sea Research, Indonesia Institute of Science LIPI (CDSR LIPI), Indonesia The First Institute of Oceanography, MNR (FIO MNR), China University of Maryland (UMD), USA Version 1, December, 24th 2019 EXPEDITION REPORT OF THE PROJECT: “TRansport Indonesian seas, Upwelling, and Mixing PHysics (TRIUMPH) 2019” Executive Summary The Indonesian seas provide a low-latitude pathway for the transfer of warm, relatively low salinity Pacific waters into the Indian Ocean, known as the Indonesia Through-flow (ITF) which has impacts on the basin budgets of the Pacific and the Indian Oceans. Indonesian seas host the strongest equatorial convective center that drives the global tropical circulation (Walker Circulation), which affects Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), Asian-Australian monsoon and interacts with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Indonesia Through-Flow (ITF), flow through several waters in Indonesia seas like Seram Sea, Banda Sea, Makassar Strait, Lombok Strait and Eastern Indian Ocean which classified as deep ocean. The Makassar Strait, Lifamatola Strait / Seram Sea, and Karimata Strait are three main inflow passages and Lombok, Alas, Sape Straits, and Timor passage are the exit pathways of the ITF which transmit water masses from the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean and also transform the water mass by mixing and intensive internal-wave generation. The deep ocean is a dynamic, yet poorly explored system that provides critical climate regulation, host a wealth of hydrocarbon, mineral, and genetic resources, and represent a vast repository for biodiversity. -
1 Investigation of the Energy Potential from Tidal Stream
INVESTIGATION OF THE ENERGY POTENTIAL FROM TIDAL STREAM CURRENTS IN INDONESIA Kadir Orhan1, Roberto Mayerle1, Rangaswami Narayanan1 and Wahyu Widodo Pandoe2 In this paper, an advanced methodology developed for the assessment of tidal stream resources is applied to several straits between Indian Ocean and inner Indonesian seas. Due to the high current velocities up to 3-4 m/s, the straits are particularly promising for the efficient generation of electric power. Tidal stream power potentials are evaluated on the basis of calibrated and validated high-resolution, three-dimensional numerical models. It was found that the straits under investigation have tremendous potential for the development of renewable energy production. Suitable locations for the installation of the turbines are identified in all the straits, and sites have been ranked based on the level of power density. Maximum power densities are observed in the Bali Strait, exceeding around 10kw/m2. Horizontal axis tidal turbines with a cut-in velocity of 1m/s are considered in the estimations. The highest total extractable power resulted equal to about 1,260MW in the Strait of Alas. Preliminary assessments showed that the power production at the straits under investigation is likely to exceed previous predictions reaching around 5,000MW. Keywords: renewable energy; tidal stream currents; numerical model; Indonesia INTRODUCTION The global energy supply is facing severe challenges in terms of long-term sustainability, fossil fuel reserve exhaustion, global warming and other energy related environmental concerns, geopolitical and military conflicts surrounding oil rich countries, and secure supply of energy. Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, wave and tidal energy are capable of meeting the present and future energy demands with ease without inflicting any considerable damage to global ecosystem (Asif et al. -
Designing a Supplementary Reading Using Cultural Language Learning Approach (CLLA)
International Journal for Innovation Education and Research www.ijier.net Vol:-5 No-08, 2017 Designing a Supplementary Reading Using Cultural Language Learning Approach (CLLA) Hermayawati Setiadi Universitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta, Indonesia Abstract This paper reports on a project findings concerning the design of a Supplementary Reading Book using Cultural Language Learning Approach ( CLLA). The project was conducted in Yogyakarta, Indonesia that generally aimed at designing supplementary reading materials using CLLA as a guide book for tourist guides who worked for Sonobudoyo Museum. The book is entitled “The Javanese Cultural Heritages Reserved in Sonobudoyo Museum (JCHRSM)”. This utilized a developmental research design, which consisted of three procedures, namely: (1) exploration, aiming to analyze the needs of the tour guides of Sonobudoyo Museum; (2) development, to design a supplementary reading guide book for the (candidate) tourist guides working for Sonobudoyo Museum; and (3) validation, to find the designed guide book accuracy. This study found: (1) The tour guides’ needs was JCHRSM using CLLA; (2) the designed book was matched with the tour guides’ needs; and (3) the designed guide book was judged accurate and compatible for Sonobudoyo tour guides. This was judged accurate since: (1) it was designed based on the results of the tour guide needs analysis and book’s content analysis as suggested by McDonough and McDonough; (2) the 12 times cyclical treatments resulted continually learning improvement on the trainees’ reading skills; and (3) the guide book validation through statistical analysis using Mean Difference (Md) formula and One-shot study experimental design yielded significant gain score between the average score of pretest and post-test, i.e. -
Short-Term Variation of the Surface Flow Pattern South of Lombok Strait Observed from the Himawari-8 Sea Surface Temperature †
remote sensing Letter Short-Term Variation of the Surface Flow Pattern South of Lombok Strait Observed from the Himawari-8 Sea Surface Temperature † Naokazu Taniguchi 1 , Shinichiro Kida 2 , Yuji Sakuno 1,* , Hidemi Mutsuda 1 and Fadli Syamsudin 3 1 Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan; [email protected] (N.T.); [email protected] (H.M.) 2 Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan; [email protected] 3 Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-82-424-7773 † This paper is an extended version of our paper published in SPIE Proceedings Volume 10778: Remote Sensing of the Open and Coastal Ocean and Inland Waters. Received: 6 May 2019; Accepted: 18 June 2019; Published: 24 June 2019 Abstract: Spatial and temporal information on oceanic flow is fundamental to oceanography and crucial for marine-related social activities. This study attempts to describe the short-term surface flow variation in the area south of the Lombok Strait in the northern summer using the hourly Himawari-8 sea surface temperature (SST). Although the uncertainty of this temperature is relatively high (about 0.6 ◦C), it could be used to discuss the flow variation with high spatial resolution because sufficient SST differences are found between the areas north and south of the strait. The maximum cross-correlation (MCC) method is used to estimate the surface velocity. The Himawari-8 SST clearly shows Flores Sea water intruding into the Indian Ocean with the high-SST water forming a warm thermal plume on a tidal cycle. -
Silang Budaya Dalam Seni Pertunjukan Oleh : Jefri Eko Cahyono
Silang Budaya dalam Seni Pertunjukan Oleh : Jefri Eko Cahyono Cina dan Jawa, merupakan dua etnis yang tidak pernah berhenti untuk saling berinteraksi. Kedua etnis ini memiliki keunikan dalam interaksi budayanya. Interaksi pada keduanya saling mengisi kekurangan dan kelebihna tanpa mengilangkan identitas aslinya. Entis Cina dan Jawa selalu hidup berdampingan, hal ini dikarenakan adanya rasa saling menghormati dan keharmonisasian dari dua etnis besar ini. Sejak tahun 1740 orang Tionghoa dan Jawa sudah berinteraksi dan hidup berdampingan dengan membawa kulturnya masing-masing. Dalam kata lain, pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan di Jawa, etnis Cina selalu menyertai dan ikut berpartisipasi dalam pengembangan dan perubahan di Jawa. Dalam sejarah perubahan Jawa, sampai terjadinya Palihan nagari, ialah Mataram dibagi menjadi dua, yang kita kenali sebagai Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta dan Kasunanan Surakarta, etnis Cina menetap di dua wilayah masing-masing serta mendapat peran yang berbeda. Dari segi kebudayaan, keduanya terus menjalankan apa yang sekarang kita kenal sebagai persilangan, bahwa kultur Jawa dan Cina saling mengisi dan menghidupi. Dari sejumlah persilangan antara Cina dan Jawa, khusuanya di Yogyakarta, salah satunya bisa kita kenali melalui kesenian dan Wacinwa, kependekan dari Wayang Kulit Cina-Jawa adalah salah satu bentuk dari persilangan itu. Wayang Kulit Cina Jawa (Wacinwa) yang dipamerkan dalam Pameran Temporer yang diselenggarakan oleh Museum Sonobudoyo ini merupakan bentuk silang budaya antara kebudayaan Cina dan Jawa. Wayang Cina - Jawa diciptakan oleh Gan Thwan Sing (1895 – 1967) di Yogyakarta tahun 1925. Angka tahun pembuatan dapat diketahui dari tulisan yang ada di wayang gunungan koleksi Uberlingen. Pada gunungan tersebut terdapat tulisan “Dibuat oleh Gan Thwan Sing, 1925, Yogyakarta”. Wayang ini dibuat dengan cara memadukan budaya Cina dan Jawa. -
Preprocessing Model of Manuscripts in Javanese Characters
Journal of Signal and Information Processing, 2014, 5, 112-122 Published Online November 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/jsip http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jsip.2014.54014 Preprocessing Model of Manuscripts in Javanese Characters Anastasia Rita Widiarti1, Agus Harjoko2, Marsono3, Sri Hartati2 1Department of Informatics Engineering, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2Department of Computer Science and Electronics, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 3Department of Nusantara Literature, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Received 12 August 2014; revised 10 September 2014; accepted 5 October 2014 Copyright © 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Manuscript preprocessing is the earliest stage in transliteration process of manuscripts in Java- nese scripts. Manuscript preprocessing stage is aimed to produce images of letters which form the manuscripts to be processed further in manuscript transliteration system. There are four main steps in manuscript preprocessing, which are manuscript binarization, noise reduction, line seg- mentation, and character segmentation for every line image produced by line segmentation. The result of the test on parts of PB.A57 manuscript which contains 291 character images, with 95% level of confidence concluded that the success percentage of preprocessing in producing Javanese character images ranged 85.9% - 94.82%. Keywords Binarization, Characters Segmentation, Line Segmentation, Noise Reduction, Manuscript Image Preprocessing 1. Introduction Manuscripts in Javanese characters are an asset of Javanese culture which must be preserved. -
The Appearances of Museum Sonobudoyo and Monumen Yogya Kembali, Yogyakarta
POLITICS AT THE MUSEUM: THE APPEARANCES OF MUSEUM SONOBUDOYO AND MONUMEN YOGYA KEMBALI, YOGYAKARTA Sektiadi 3 Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Museum was a man-made thing, a culture. This situation made the museum polluted with many tension, especially for the museum founded or managed by the government. This paper tried to evaluate the appeareance of the State Museum of DIY "Sonobudoyo" as a general museum and Jogja Kembali Monument as a tematic museum, and found some political aspects involved in their buildings, collections, exhibitions and other things. Keywords: museum, appeareance, architecture, exhibition, politics ABSTRAK ASPEK POLITIK MUSEUM: PENAMPILAN DI MUSEUM SONOBUDOYO DAN MUSEUM YOGYA KEM BALI, YOGYAKARTA Sebagai suatu hasil budaya, museum bukanlah suatu yang bebas nilai, terlebih untuk museum yang didirikan atau dikelola oleh pemerintah. Baik museum umum maupun museum tema tertentu, dalam hal ini Museum Negeri Provinsi DIY "Sonobudoyo" dan Museum Monumen Yogya Kembali, memiliki tujuan-tujuan yang tersirat baik dari pemilihan gedung, pemilihan koleksi pamer, tata pamer, maupun kelengkapan-kelengkapan lainnya. Makalah ini mengevaluasi penampilan kedua museum tersebut untuk melihat aspek politik yang terkandung di dalamnya. Kata kunci: museum, penampilan, bangunan, pameran, politik INTRODUCTION In Indonesia, it was seemed that museum is not an interesting place. Museums collected some old things, such as Prehistoric artifacts, statues from the Hindu-Buddhist culture and old wayang puppets. Those things were in dirty condition, dull, and displayed in boring configuration. The walls 3 Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. 'Bui.aliaAr&owgi. '\To(31 ".EdinNo. 2 / NO'Vmt~T 20J1 of the museum buildings were covered by some huge dark vitrines with the collections stored inside with a small label. -
CHAPTER 1 6 DEFEAT in ABDA RILE the Japanese Surface Forces
CHAPTER 1 6 DEFEAT IN ABDA RILE the Japanese surface forces stealing up the Musi River wer e W being continuously attacked by Allied air forces on the 15th Feb- ruary, Doorman's striking force was the target for repeated fierce attack s by Japanese aircraft to the east of Banka Island . The force weighed and left Oosthaven at 4 p .m. on the 14th, and formed in two columns . The Dutch cruisers, led by De Ruyter, were to starboard ; and the British, led by Hobart as Senior Officer, to port . The six U.S. destroyers screened ahead ; and three Dutch astern. One of the four Dutch ships had bee n sent on ahead to mark Two Brothers Island off the south-east coast o f Sumatra, and join later. Air reconnaissance on the 13th had indicated four groups of enemy vessels : two cruisers, two destroyers, and two transports about sixty miles south of the Anambas Islands, steering south-west a t 10 a.m. ; one cruiser, three destroyers and eight transports some twenty miles to the eastward of the first group, and steering south at 10.30 a.m. ; three cruisers, five destroyers and one transport, about sixty miles nort h of Banka Island and steering west at 3 .30 p.m.; and two destroyers with fourteen transports about 100 miles north of Billiton island, and steerin g S.S.W., at 4.30 p.m. Doorman led his force northwards in accordance with the decision s reached by him and Helfrich—to go northwards through Gaspar Strait, round Banka, and back through Banka Strait, "destroying any enemy force s seen". -
Prakiraan Cuaca Wilayah Pelayanan
BADAN METEOROLOGI KLIMATOLOGI DAN GEOFISIKA Jl Angkasa 1 No.2 Kemayoran, Jakarta 10720 Telp. 021-6546318 Fax. 021-6546314 / 6546315 Email : [email protected] INDONESIA WEATHER BULLETIN FOR SHIPPING Nomor : ME.301/WB/25/APM/XI/BMKG-2016 ISSUED BY BMKG AT 0230 UTC THURSDAY NOVEMBER 25, 2016 FORECAST VALID FOR 24 HOURS FROM 0300 UTC NOVEMBER 25, 2016 PART I WARNING TS TOKAGE 1000HPA POSITION 11.3N 122.5E MAXIMUM WINDSPEED NEAR CENTRE 35KT MOVE TO WNW. PART II GENERAL SITUATION FOR NOVEMBER 24, 2016 12.00 UTC LOW PRESSURE AREA 1007HPA IN INDIAN OCEAN WESTERN OF LAMPUNG. EDDY CIRCULATION AREA IN NORTHERN PART OF MALACCA STRAIT AND EASTERN PART OF CENDRAWASIH GULF. WESTERLY TO NORTHERLY LIGHT TO MODERATE FLOW IN NORTHERN PART OF INDONESIA EXCEPT SOUTHERLY LIGHT TO MODERATE FLOW IN NORTHERN PART OF MAKASSAR STRAIT AND MOLUCCA SEA. EASTERLY TO SOUTHERLY LIGHT TO MODERATE FLOW IN SOUTHERN PART OF INDONESIA EXCEPT SOUTHWESTERLY TO NORTHWESTERLY LIGHT TO MODERATE FLOW IN WESTERN OF SUMATRA WATERS. PART III FORECAST EASTERLY TO SOUTHERLY 3 TO 4 BF OCCURS IN SOUTHERN OF CENTRE JAVA TO SUMBA ISLAND WATERS, SAWU SEA, KUPANG – ROTE ISLAND WATERS, INDIAN OCEAN SOUTHERN OF CENTRE JAVA TO EAST NUSA TENGGARA, EASTERN PART OF JAVA SEA, BANDA SEA, ARAFURU SEA, SERMATA – LETI ISLAND WATERS, BABAR TANIMBAR ISLAND WATERS, YOS SUDARSO ISLAND TO MERAUKE WATERS. 4 TO 5 BF OCCURS IN INDIAN OCEAN SOUTHERN OF BANTEN TO WEST JAVA. SOUTHERLY TO SOUTHWESTERLY 3 TO 4 BF OCCURS IN MAKASSAR STRAIT, TOLO GULF, MOLUCCA SEA, WESTERN PART OF HALMAHERA WATERS. -
Asian Highway Handbook
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC ASIAN HIGHWAY HANDBOOK UNITED NATIONS New York, 2003 ST/ESCAP/2303 The Asian Highway Handbook was prepared under the direction of the Transport and Tourism Division of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. The team of staff members of the Transport and Tourism Division who prepared the Handbook comprised: Fuyo Jenny Yamamoto, Tetsuo Miyairi, Madan B. Regmi, John R. Moon and Barry Cable. Inputs for the tourism- related parts were provided by an external consultant: Imtiaz Muqbil. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. This publication has been issued without formal editing. CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION TO THE ASIAN HIGHWAY………………. 1 1. Concept of the Asian Highway Network……………………………… 1 2. Identifying the Network………………………………………………. 2 3. Current status of the Asian Highway………………………………….. 3 4. Formalization of the Asian Highway Network……………………….. 7 5. Promotion of the Asian Highway……………………………………... 9 6. A Vision of the Future………………………………………………… 10 II. ASIAN HIGHWAY ROUTES IN MEMBER COUNTRIES…... 16 1. Afghanistan……………………………………………………………. 16 2. Armenia……………………………………………………………….. 19 3. Azerbaijan……………………………………………………………... 21 4. Bangladesh……………………………………………………………. 23 5. Bhutan…………………………………………………………………. 27 6. Cambodia……………………………………………………………… 29 7. China…………………………………………………………………... 32 8. Democratic People’s Republic of Korea……………………………… 36 9. Georgia………………………………………………………………... 38 10. India…………………………………………………………………… 41 11. Indonesia………………………………………………………………. 45 12. Islamic Republic of Iran………………………………………………. 49 13 Japan…………………………………………………………………..