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Blue Line and the Adjacent General That It Would Withdraw Its Forces from Lebanon by July 2000

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Blue Line and the Adjacent General That It Would Withdraw Its Forces from Lebanon by July 2000 UNIFIL Press Kit Background Following an invasion by Israeli forces into Lebanon, the Security July) where it “endorsed the understanding, mentioned in the report Council, in March 1978, established the United Nations Interim Force of the Secretary-General of 20 July 2000, that the Force [UNIFIL] will in Lebanon (UNIFIL) mandating it to confirm the withdrawal of Israeli deploy and function fully throughout its area of operations and that forces from Lebanon, restore international peace and security, and the Government of Lebanon will strengthen its presence in this area, assist the Lebanese Government to restore its effective authority in by deploying additional troops and internal security forces.” the area. In June 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon for the second time and subsequently established a security zone inside the country, An approximately 1,000-strong joint Lebanese security force, which remained until its withdrawal in 2000. composed of army and internal security personnel, deployed to the UNIFIL area of operations (AO); however, it did not operate in areas In 1985, Israel partially withdrew its forces from Lebanon, but retained close to the Line of Withdrawal. control of an area in southern Lebanon controlled by Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Lebanese De Facto Forces (DFF), the so called Until July 2006, despite numerous violations of the Line of Withdrawal, “South Lebanon Army” (SLA). as well as sea and air violations, and occasional breaches of the ceasefire, the situation in the area remained relatively calm. The focus On 17 April 2000, the Government of Israel notified the Secretary- of UNIFIL operations remained on the Blue Line and the adjacent General that it would withdraw its forces from Lebanon by July 2000. areas, where UNIFIL sought to maintain the ceasefire through patrols, Starting on 16 May, much sooner than anticipated, IDF/De Facto observation from fixed positions and close contact with the parties. Forces began vacating their positions amid exchange of fire. On The Mission continued to provide humanitarian assistance to local 25 May, the Government of Israel notified the Secretary-General population within its available means. that Israel had redeployed its forces. In preparation of the withdrawal of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) On 12 July 2006, war broke out between Israel and Lebanon after from Lebanon, the UN identified the “Line of Withdrawal”, or so-called Hizbullah had carried out an attack on an IDF patrol kidnapping two “Blue Line”, largely conforming to the internationally recognized IDF soldiers and killing three others. On 11 August 2006, the Security boundaries of Lebanon. The United Nations established this Line in Council adopted resolution 1701 (2006), which ended the war and in June 2000 for the sole purpose of confirming the full withdrawal of which the Council inter alia decided to enlarge UNIFIL (to a maximum the IDF from Lebanese territory. The Blue Line does not in any way of 15,000 troops) and enhance its mandate. The Government of represent an international border and is without prejudice to future Lebanon on its part decided to deploy 15,000 Lebanese troops in border arrangements between Lebanon and Israel. Following the southern Lebanon, an area including but extending beyond UNIFIL’s withdrawal of the Israeli forces, UNIFIL’s main focus was on “restoring area of operation (AO). international peace and security”. UNIFIL is supported by a Maritime Task Force (MTF), a first in UN On 16 June, the Secretary-General reported to the Security Council peacekeeping. The MTF supports the Lebanese Navy in monitoring that Israel had withdrawn its forces from Lebanon in conformity with Lebanese territorial waters, securing the Lebanese coastline and the line identified by the United Nations. Following the IDF withdrawal preventing the entry into the area of operations of unauthorized arms from Lebanon, the Security Council adopted resolution 1310 (on 27 and related materiel. UNIFIL Mandate The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) was established resolution 511 authorizing the Force to carry out interim tasks by United Nations Security Council Resolutions 425 (1978) and 426 outlined in the report of the Secretary-General. In addition to manning (1978) of 19 March 1978 and mandated to: their positions, the troops would to the extent possible, “extend their - Confirm the withdrawal of Israeli forces from southern Lebanon; protection and humanitarian assistance to the population of the area.” For three years, UNIFIL remained behind the Israeli lines, with its - Restore international peace and security; role limited to providing protection and humanitarian assistance - Assist the Government of Lebanon in ensuring the return of its to the local population. effective authority in the area. Following the withdrawal of the Israeli forces in May 2000, the Secretary- Over the years, the mandate of UNIFIL was adjusted twice as a result General, in his report on UNIFIL issued on 22 January 2001, wrote: of developments. In the wake of the 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon “Of the three parts of its mandate, UNIFIL has essentially completed in the so-called “Operation Peace for Galilee”, the Security Council two. It has confirmed the withdrawal of Israeli forces and assisted, recognised that UNIFIL was not in a position to fulfill its mandate to the extent it could, the Lebanese authorities as they returned to under resolutions 425/426 (1978) and, on 18 June 1982, it adopted the area vacated by Israel.” Consequently, UNIFIL’s main focus from 1 | More information on http://unifil.unmissions.org then on was on “restoring international peace and security” with - Assist the Government of Lebanon, at its request, in securing its the functions of an observer and monitoring mission. borders and other entry points to prevent the illegal entry of arms or related materials into Lebanon. Security Council resolution 1701 (2006), adopted on 11 August 2006, significantly enhanced UNIFIL’s strength and expanded its original By resolution 1701, the Council also authorized UNIFIL to take all mandate. In addition to carrying out its mandate under resolutions necessary action in areas of deployment of its forces and as it deems 425 and 426, UNIFIL under resolution 1701 shall: within its capabilities, to ensure that its area of operations is not utilized for hostile activities of any kind. It should also resist attempts by forceful - Monitor the cessation of hostilities; means to prevent it from discharging its duties under the mandate of - Accompany and support the Lebanese Armed Forces as they deploy the Security Council. And it should protect United Nations personnel, throughout the south of Lebanon, including along the Blue Line, facilities, installations and equipment, ensure the security and freedom as Israel withdraws its military from Lebanon; of movement of UN personnel, humanitarian workers and, without - Coordinate its activities referred to in the preceding paragraph (above) prejudice to the responsibility of the Government of Lebanon, protect with the Governments of Lebanon and Israel; civilians under imminent threat of physical violence. - Extend its assistance to ensure humanitarian access to civilian In its resolution 1773 (2007), that extended UNIFIL’s mandate in 2007, populations and the voluntary and safe return of displaced persons; the Security Council acknowledged the role played by UNIFIL and - Assist the Lebanese Armed Forces in the establishment between the Lebanese Armed Forces in helping to establish a new strategic the Blue Line and the Litani River of an area free of any armed environment in southern Lebanon and looked forward to increased personnel, assets and weapons except those of the Government cooperation between the two forces in the discharge of UNIFIL’s mandate. of Lebanon and UNIFIL. The UNIFIL mandate is renewed annually by the Security Council. Area of Operation UNIFIL DEPLOYMENT UNIFIL Headquarters is located in Naqoura. The area of operations extends from the Blue Line in the south to the Litani River in the north and is divided into two sectors, east and west. Five battalions are deployed in Sector West, with a Sector HQ in Shamaa, while four are deployed in Sector East, with a Sector HQ in Marjayoun. The Force Commander Reserve is centrally located in Burj Qallawiyah to support 695000both sectors700000 as needed.705000 UNIFIL710000 also has715000 a presence720000 at Beirut725000 airport and730000 seaport,735000 to facilitate740000 military745 000rotations750 and000 shipments,755000 in addition760000 BRF121 to UNIFILJGIS House – Beirut, which mainly supports the Mission’s administrative and logistics requirements. 0000 UNIFIL 0000 370 370 I X MP X IDN MTF Maritime Task Force a EAST ESP I e HQ II IDN 1 vessel S ESP HQ KHM N 0000 HASBAIYA 0000 1 vessel ! 370 370 n CHN 2 vessels IND HQ a 7-3 1 vessel !! ! 4-2 ! ! e PB EAST 7-2 4-3 1 vessel n NABATIYEH ! MARJAYOUN 0000 ! 0000 S ! 1 vessel a I ! 369 4-7A Chebaa 369 r X IND r FCR FRA LEBANON HQ ! ! 4-7C e 4-13! ! t Kfar Chouba Litani River ESP 4-30 i 4-31! 0000 0000 Lita niRiv er d 369 Borj Rahhal 369 ! ! ! KOR ! 9-66 ! e Tair Filsay 9-2 KOR M IDN HQ HQ Kfar Kila 4-28 ! 9-15 ! ! 2-5 ! ! MYS 9-10 7-1 ! 0000 ! 0000 HQ ! 9-64 Al Ghajar ! 368 368 ! TYRE 9-1 O ccupie d Gola n XX ! IDN ! UNIFIL Adaisseh 2-1 ! ( SYRIA) HQ II 9-63 (-) I X Rachidiye Jouaya! V IDN ! ! 0000 0000 ITA 368 MAR 368 II X ! V NPL AUT Qana HQ 8-33 WEST ITA ! I MYS ! HQ Z 8-31 8-32 !! IND UN UNCLASSIFIED CHN ! 8-32A ITA HQ ! Tibnin 5-10 6-43 NPL !
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