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榮譽)學位課程 Bachelor of Social Sciences (Hons

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榮譽)學位課程 Bachelor of Social Sciences (Hons PERCEPTION ON INCINERATION IN SHEK KWU CHAU AMONG THE GENERAL PUBLIC BY LEUNG WING KI STUDENT NO.:14676974 環境及資源管理社會科學學士 (榮譽)學 位 課 程 BACHELOR OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (HONS) IN ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCES MANAGEMENT April/2016 畢業論文 PROJECT PERCEPTION ON INCINERATION IN SHEK KWU CHAU AMONG THE GENERAL PUBLIC BY LEUNG WING KI STUDENT NO. 14676974 AN HONOURS PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (HONOURS) IN ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCES MANAGEMENT HONG KONG BAPTIST UNIVERSITY APRIL / 2016 ii HONG KONG BAPTIST UNIVERSITY April/2016 We hereby recommend that the Honours Project by Miss LEUNG Wing Ki entitled “Perception on incineration in Shek Kwu Chau among the general public” be accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Social Sciences (Honours) in Environment and Resources Management. Dr. Lo Tek Sheng Kevin Chief Adviser Second Examiner Overall Grade : iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my Chief Adviser, Dr. Lo Tek Sheng Kevin for his valuable time, invaluable advice and guidance throughout the entire study, which provided me a clear direction on how to conduct a research for my honours project. Furthermore, I would like to express my special thanks to my family and friends for their unlimited support and encouragement. At last, I would like to thank all respondents who have helped me to complete the questionnaire, which helped me to obtain precious data for my study. iv ABSTRACT In Hong Kong, amount of municipal solid waste produced has grown by nearly 80% over the past three decades. In 2011, the government proposed to construct an Integrated Waste Management Facilities at Shek Kwu Chau to effectively tackle with the imminent problem of waste management. This study aims to investigate public perception towards the issue of constructing an incinerator at Shek Kwu Chau. A questionnaire was designed and distributed to respondents to obtain information about their perception towards this issue. Pearson's correlation coefficient was employed for data analysis. Results show that about 40% respondents supported Shek Kwu Chau incinerator, but nearly 70% of them opposed to live near an incinerator, so NIMBY syndrome exists. High risk perception among the respondents was found. In terms of knowledge on incineration, respondents concerned more about adverse impacts brought by incineration. Their trust level towards the experts from incinerator operation company was even higher than their trust level towards the government. Proximity of respondents‟ residential district from incineration site, public‟s knowledge of benefits of incineration and their trust towards the government were found to be correlated with public‟s approval rate towards the incinerator while age does not. Moreover, female v had a higher opposition rate for incinerator than male. On the other hand, desk research was conducted to explore differences between current waste management approach in Hong Kong, Republic of Korea, Singapore and Berlin. Results show that for those countries utilizing incineration technology to treat waste, their reliance on landfills has been greatly reduced. Hence, Hong Kong should construct an incinerator to solve existing waste management in the long run. Regarding the methods to enhance future‟s public acceptance on incinerator, educating public on the benefits of incineration and introducing successful overseas cases are needed to enhance public acceptance towards incineration. Examples are conducting large scale campaigns and subsidizing teenagers to join the overseas tours to visit other countries‟ incineration facilities. Tax benefit could be provided to residents who live near the incinerator. Public involvement at initial stage is also recommended to increase the transparency of decision making and trust between the public and incinerator operating company and the government. (Total number of words of Honours Project: 14,988) vi TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……………………………………………….... iv ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………….……... v TABLE OF CONTENT ………………………………………………...… vii LIST OF TABLES ………………………………………………….…....... ix LIST OF FIGURES ……………………………………………………......xi LIST OF APPENDICES ………………………………………………….. xii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 1 1.1 Overview ............................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background of study ............................................................................ 3 1.3 Literature review .................................................................................. 7 1.3.1 Factors affecting public acceptance on LULUs ............................... 7 1.3.2 Impacts brought by public‟s high risk perception on LULUs ........ 13 1.4 Knowledge gap .................................................................................. 17 1.5 Objective ............................................................................................ 19 1.6 Research questions ............................................................................. 20 1.7 Hypothesis.......................................................................................... 21 CHAPTER TWO: METHODOLOGY ........................................................ 23 2.1 Selection of research method ............................................................. 23 2.2 Desk research ..................................................................................... 25 2.2.1 Data Collection .............................................................................. 25 2.2.2 Data Analysis ................................................................................. 26 2.3 Questionnaire survey ......................................................................... 26 2.3.1 Questionnaire Design ..................................................................... 26 2.3. Data Collection ................................................................................. 28 2.3. Data Analysis ................................................................................... 29 2.4 Ethical consideration .......................................................................... 29 CHAPTER THREE: DESK RESEARCH ON CURRENT WASTE MANAGEMENT APPROACH IN HONG KONG AND OTHER COUNTRIES/CITIES ...................... 31 3.1 Hong Kong ......................................................................................... 31 3.2 Republic of Korea .............................................................................. 35 3.3 Singapore ........................................................................................... 40 3.4 Berlin, Germany ................................................................................. 45 3.5 Comparison between current waste management approach in vii Hong Kong and other countries/cities................................................ 50 CHAPTER FOUR: DATA RESULTS AND ANALYSIS ............................ 53 4.1 Primary data analysis with descriptive statistics ................................ 53 4.2 Hypothesis testing .............................................................................. 70 CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION ................................................................. 82 5.1 Approval rate towards Shek Kwu Chau incinerator .......................... 82 5.2 Knowledge towards the incinerator at Shek Kwu Chau .................... 83 5.3 Attitudes towards the incinerator ....................................................... 84 5.4 Variables affecting respondents‟ approval rate towards Shek Kwu Chau incinerator ........................................................................ 84 5.5 Differences between various concerns ............................................... 88 5.6 Solutions to tackle with existing waste management problem .......... 89 CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION .............. 90 6.1 Summary of significant findings ........................................................ 90 6.2 Implications of the study .................................................................... 92 6.3 Recommendations .............................................................................. 94 6.4 Limitations of the study ..................................................................... 97 6.5 Suggestions for further research ........................................................ 98 APPENDICES .............................................................................................. 100 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................ 108 viii LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Background information of three strategic landfills in Hong Kong ... 33 Table 2 Four waste-to-energy incineration plants in Singapore at present ..... 41 Table 3 Waste statistics and recycling rates in Singapore (2014) ................... 42 Table 4 Some types of waste collected for recycling in Berlin in 2012 .......... 47 Table 5 Volume-based municipal solid waste charging fees for household and small business companies in Berlin in 2009-2010 ...................... 49 Table 6 Comparisons of demography and current waste management approach between Hong Kong and other countries ........................... 52 Table 7 Demographic characteristics of the respondents in comparison with Hong Kong population............................................................... 54 Table 8 Knowledge on the proposed waste incinerator at Shek
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