DOCSLIB.ORG

Revenue Flows in the Extractive Sector of Mongolia: Case of Dornod Province

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Revenue Flows in the Extractive Sector of Mongolia: Case of Dornod Province Eric Karlzen Contents • Overview of revenues in the extractives sector • Revenue flows in the minerals and petroleum sector • Challenges/ limitations in revenues’ data management • Potential sources of revenue for Dornod Aimag • Workforce estimations, challenges and opportunities • Next steps for MERIT Objectives and Expected Results • Discuss revenue flows and case of Dornod province • Discussion of proposed next steps for MERIT project • Partner/WG feedback and direction on next steps for MERIT Revenues in the extractives sector Contracted services Direct/Indirect Employment Soum Supply chain budget businesses State Budget Soum budget Aimag Budget Investment Mining revenue agreements Local cooperation Donation TAX REVENUES Agreements Product Sharing NON-TAX REVENUES Agreement SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS Revenue flows for minerals State budget (Parliament) Ministry of Finance (State Fund Account) 5% RUF MRPAM ( License fees) Integrated local development fund fee License 50% Mongolian Tax Authority Local (Corporate income tax, VAT, RUF Aimag etc.) (Real estate tax, Land development use fee, etc) fund - Aimag Mongolian Customs (Customs tax, etc.) Impacted soums (Common spread mineral, drinking Local water, etc. ) development Non-impacted soums fund - Soum Extractives revenue Tax, Payment, Fees, Non-Tax payments (Donations, local cooperation contracts) Revenue flows in petroleum: Product sharing agreements State budget (Parliament) Ministry of Finance 30% of resource use fees/royalty (State fund account) MRPAM 30% License fee (Share of raw oil. Draft is in process Integrated Local license fee, RUF) development fund Mongolian Tax Authority Aimag / City Local (VAT, Corporate income (20% of License fee, Development tax,etc.) Industrial Water fee) fund Aimag Mongolian Customs 10% License fee (Customs tax, etc) Impacted soums Local Development Non-impacted soums fund Soum Soum Taxes Payments sharing agreement Production Extractives revenue Tax, Payment, Fees, Non-Tax payments (Product sharing agreement) RUF – Resource use fee /Royalty as specified in Product sharing agreements Taxes, payments, and fees in the petroleum sector State: Aimag: Soum: Corporate income tax, VAT, Custom excise tax, Land fee, Real estate tax, Common spread mineral Resource use fee,70% License fees, etc Industrial Water fee, etc. royalty, Drinking Water fee, etc Resource License License use fee fee 30% fee 10% 20% Integrated LDF Local State budget Development fund (Parliament) Resource use fee Formula (population, Impacted Soum remoteness, size, Product sharing agreement development, tax generation) Aimags Product Sharing Agreement Local Development /Local fund development Local Non-impacted agreement/ Development fund Soum Resource use fee REVENUES Challenges / Limitations in Revenues’ Data • Data sources • Transparency/ confidentiality of Product Sharing Agreements • Access to Aimag and Soum level financial data • Lack of specifics in financial reports • Missing data • Consumption levels of water in the mines (water use fees) • Detailed cadastral information (land use fees) • Access to registry of real estates at Aimag level and their values (real estate fee) • Numbers of foreign citizens employed by each mine (fees) • Registration of vehicles used/owned by mines • Consumption levels of common minerals (fees) Actual payments in 2016: Petroleum Royalty Name of tax, Receiver Actual payment, MNT (2016) payment, and fee Royalty State budget 126,131,358,756.00₮ Dornod Aimag budget 30% distributed to 21 provinces through Integrated LDF Source: EITI e-report (2016) Actual payments in 2016: Petroleum License Fee Name of tax, Receiver Actual payment, and fee (2016) Petroleum State budget 422,597,926.80 ₮ License fee Dornod aimag budget 20% of license fee of PetroChina Daqing XIX, XXI sites 0 Matad soum budget 10% of license fee of PetroChina Daqing 0 XIX site Khalkhgol soum budget 10% of License fee of PetroChina Daqing 0 XXI site Source: EITI e-report (2016) Actual payments in 2016: Petroleum Name of tax, Receiver Legally due Actual payment, MNT payment, and fee (June 2017) Payment for State budget 1,461,504,000.00₮ employing foreign workers Payment for Dornod aimag Need to know exact 0 employing foreign budget foreign worker and workers local worker numbers Source: EITI (2016), Government report Actual payments in 2016: Petroleum Name of tax, Receiver Legally due Actual payment, MNT payment, and fee (June 2017) Tax on vehicles Dornod Aimag Need to know 47,282,000.00₮ and self-moving budget or other Petrochina’s vehicles mechanism aimag and city registration budget Source: EITI e-report (2016) Actual payments in 2016: Petroleum Name of tax, Receiver Legally due Actual payment, MNT payment, and fee (June 2017) Fee for water use Dornod Aimag Water consumption 2,935,902,515.00₮ budget information is required. Source: EITI e-report (2016) Extractive Industry Fees to Local Governments, 2017 as % of Total Discretionary ‘000T Revenue Budget Dornod Aimag Mining Process Water& Land Fees 3,340,000 6.9% Bayandun Drinking Water Fees n/a n/a Dashbalbar Drinking Water Fees 26,700 5.8% Khalkhgol Drinking Water Fees 0 0.0% Matad Drinking Water Fees 0 0.0% Source: Dornod aimag and soum budget bills and Maarten Ingen-Housz (2017) personal communications Potential Drinking water fee is 20.97₮ - 419.4₮ (average 218 ₮) per cubic meter Estimate 4000 workers, 0.1m3 (100 l) per person/day = 30 Million MNT per year Potential Sources of Revenue for Dornod Aimag • Share of royalty payments (currently flows to Integrated LDF) • Petroleum license fees (currently no flow to Aimag/Soum) • Payment for employing foreign citizens • Vehicle registrations • Fees (use of water, common minerals, waste service, air pollution) • Bonus for local development in % (petroleum contracts) • Local cooperation/ development agreements (e.g. Petrochina) JOBS AND WORKFORCE Dornod Extractive Industries Workforce Estimate • Contractor jobs • Approximately 3,640 jobs (full-time basis) • 1070 (29%)– Mongolian workers in Dornod • 2340 (64%) – Mongolian employment • 230 (>1%)– Induced employment in Dornod, mostly Choibalsan • Supplier jobs • Not integrated: meat suppliers, scrap metal-based spheres • Soum centers too small (garbage collection, meat and dairy supply) • Choibalsan-based suppliers (approx. 25 full-time jobs) • Dominated by foreign and Ulaanbaatar-based suppliers Example: Petrochina (Site XIX) Contractor Category Chinese Ulaanbaatar Dornod Total Transportation oil for export 4 4 Local transportation 4 2 6 Electrical contractor 1 1 Construction contractor 1 1 Water pump 1 1 Alternative oil extraction 3 2 5 Reclamation 1 1 2 Labour brokers 1 1 2 Water system 1 1 Drilling 11 11 Total 21 9 4 34 Source: Maarten Ingen-Housz (2017), Personal communication Challenges in data on jobs in the extractive sector of Dornod province • No integrated data source • Seasonal variation of activity • Extensive use of contractor companies • Incomplete data at GASI and Aimag Department of Labour and Social Welfare • Companies offer different workforce numbers • Local: soum, aimag, Mongolian? Impact on numbers • Tracking of Mongolian hiring, but not Soum-level hiring • Lack of local hiring (Chinese owners and market, Chinese machinery and equipment) Dornod Extractive Industries Workforce Opportunities • Opportunities in Choibalsan • Automotive repair • Small-scale clothing manufacturing • (Residential) construction • Work clothing • Flour • Vegetables • Challenges • Company HQ located in Ulaanbaatar (decisions and skilled labour) • Access to capital • Locational advantage for Matad and Khalkhgol Soums Proposed Next Steps for MERIT in Dornod • Support in developing new policy in petroleum sector • Support in negotiating local cooperation agreements • Process • Testing/Piloting • Establish oversight mechanisms • Business development / Supply chain • Community awareness on mining • Study/ exchange visit to Canada.
Recommended publications
  • Mongolia: 2017

    Mongolia: 2017

    MONGOLIA: PROVINCIAL COMPETITIVENESS REPORT 2017 (based on the statistics of 2016) www.aimagindex.mn Implemented by: ECONOMIC POLICY AND COMPETITIVENESS RESEARCH CENTER ÝÄÈÉÍ ÇÀÑÃÈÉÍ ÁÎÄËÎÃÎ, ªÐѪËÄªÕ ×ÀÄÂÀÐÛÍ ÑÓÄÀËÃÀÀÍÛ ÒªÂ ДАА 339 HHA 65.012.2 P-93 THE PROVINCIAL COMPETITIVENESS REPORT ULAANBAATAR 2017 ECONOMIC POLICY AND COMPETITIVENESS RESEARCH CENTER San Business Center, 9th floor, Prime Minister Amar street 29, Sukhbaatar duureg, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Tel: 976-11-321927 Fax: 976-11-321926 Provincial Competitiveness Report website: www.aimagindex.mn E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.ecrc.mn Facebook page: http://www.facebook.com/ecrcmn Twitter page: http://twitter.com/ursulduhchadvar ISBN 978-99978-2-142-3 © All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system. Nor may any part of this publication be included as a reference in any other work without authorization. FOREWORD I am glad to present the latest Provincial Competitiveness Report for Mongolia. This report is the sixth annual edition published by the Economic Policy and Competitiveness Research Center (EPCRC). The economic development of Mongolia is inconceivable without rural development. In recent years, the topic of economic diversification has been increasingly discussed in Mongolia, and the possibility to diversify the economy are in Mongolia’s 21 provinces. In the process of discussing Mongolia’s economic diversification, many questions and topics have been raised, including: how can these provinces become cornerstones of the development? What sectors should provinces invest in and develop further? What are the strengths and weaknesses of each province? How can provinces cooperate and support each other in their diversification efforts? This report contains provincial profiles and detailed information regarding each of the 21 provinces as well as their competitiveness performances in recent years, as measured and assessed by the EPCRC.
  • Cnnc International Limited 中核國際有限公司

    Cnnc International Limited 中核國際有限公司

    THIS CIRCULAR IS IMPORTANT AND REQUIRES YOUR IMMEDIATE ATTENTION If you are in any doubt as to any aspect of this circular or as to the action to be taken, you should consult your stockbroker or other registered dealer in securities, bank manager, solicitor, professional accountant or other independent professional adviser. If you have sold or transferred all your shares in CNNC International Limited (the ‘‘Company’’), you should at once hand this circular to the purchaser(s) or transferee(s) or to the bank, stockbroker or other agent through whom the sale or transfer was effected for transmission to the purchaser(s) or transferee(s). Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited take no responsibility for the contents of this circular, make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expressly disclaim any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this circular. This circular is for information purposes only and does not constitute an invitation or offer to acquire, purchase or subscribe for any shares. CNNC INTERNATIONAL LIMITED 中 核 國 際 有 限 公 司* (Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability) (Stock Code: 2302) MAJOR TRANSACTION (1) OFFER TO ACQUIRE A MINIMUM OF 50.1% AND UP TO ALL THE ISSUED AND OUTSTANDING COMMON SHARES OF WESTERN PROSPECTOR (OTHER THAN THOSE ALREADY BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY FIRST DEVELOPMENT) (2) SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT TO SUBSCRIBE FOR NEW SHARES IN WESTERN PROSPECTOR BY FIRST DEVELOPMENT * For identification purpose only 30 June 2009 CONTENTS Page DEFINITIONS .......................................................................
  • Fiscal Federalism and Decentralization in Mongolia

    Fiscal Federalism and Decentralization in Mongolia

    Universität Potsdam Ariunaa Lkhagvadorj Fiscal federalism and decentralization in Mongolia Universitätsverlag Potsdam Ariunaa Lkhagvadorj Fiscal federalism and decentralization in Mongolia Ariunaa Lkhagvadorj Fiscal federalism and decentralization in Mongolia Universitätsverlag Potsdam Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2010 http://info.ub.uni-potsdam.de/verlag.htm Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469 Potsdam Tel.: +49 (0)331 977 4623 / Fax: 3474 E-Mail: [email protected] Das Manuskript ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Zugl.: Potsdam, Univ., Diss., 2010 Online veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der Universität Potsdam URL http://pub.ub.uni-potsdam.de/volltexte/2010/4176/ URN urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41768 http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41768 Zugleich gedruckt erschienen im Universitätsverlag Potsdam ISBN 978-3-86956-053-3 Abstract Fiscal federalism has been an important topic among public finance theorists in the last four decades. There is a series of arguments that decentralization of governments enhances growth by improving allocation efficiency. However, the empirical studies have shown mixed results for industrialized and developing countries and some of them have demonstrated that there might be a threshold level of economic development below which decentralization is not effective. Developing and transition countries have developed a variety of forms of fiscal decentralization as a possible strategy to achieve effective and efficient governmental structures. A generalized principle of decentralization due to the country specific circumstances does not exist. Therefore, decentra- lization has taken place in different forms in various countries at different times, and even exactly the same extent of decentralization may have had different impacts under different conditions.
  • CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction

    CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction

    CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Transport plays a crucial role in the efficient functioning of the domestic economy as well as development of international trade due to dependence on both coal-based energy production and imports. However, the issues in the transport sector of Mongolia are mainly derived from the salient features of a landlocked country with a low population and a long distance between population centers. A major characteristics of transportation in Mongolia is the collection and distribution by road of both passenger traffic and cargo transport from the north-south transport axis centering on Ulaanbaatar. The main north-south axis comprises both rail and road. Within road transport, the density of arterial road network remains very low and unpaved earth roads or multiple shifting tracks occupy a large portion of arterial roads. More than 30% of population and a half of national car ownership are concentrated in Ulaanbaatar City, while very low level of mobility is found in rural area because non-motorized traffic such as horse and cart prevails. Recently, such gap of mobility level is increasing. Under such circumstances, in response to the request of the Government of Mongolia (hereinafter referred to as "GOM"), the Government of Japan decided to conduct the Feasibility Study on Construction of Eastern Arterial Road in Mongolia (hereinafter referred to as "the Study"), in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations in force in Japan. Japan International Cooperation Agency (hereinafter referred to as "JICA"), the official agency responsible for the implementation of the technical cooperation programs of the Government of Japan, dispatched the preparatory study team headed by Mr.
  • 2016/2017 Dzud Emergency Response, Mongolia Needs Assessment and Response Plan

    2016/2017 Dzud Emergency Response, Mongolia Needs Assessment and Response Plan

    2016/2017 Dzud Emergency Response, Mongolia Needs Assessment and Response Plan Photo: Regis Defurnaux, 2016 People in Need January 2017 LIST OF FIGURES 2 LIST OF ACRONYMS 2 GLOSSARY 2 INTRODUCTION 3 CONTEXT 3 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 5 CURRENT SITUATION 7 DORNOD PROVINCE 11 KHENTII PROVINCE 14 SUKHBAATAR PROVINCE 15 PIN RESPONSE PLAN 16 VULNERABILITY CRITERIA AND BENEFICIARY SELECTION PROCESS 16 1 ESTIMATES OF AFFECTED AND TARGET HOUSEHOLDS IN DORNOD, KHENTII AND SUKHBAATAR PROVINCES 17 AGRICULTURE 18 EARLY RECOVERY 21 COORDINATION & FUNDRAISING 22 UN CERF 22 UN HUMANITARIAN COUNTRY TEAM - AGRICULTURAL CLUSTER 22 ANNEXES 24 Annex 1. Data collection sheet 24 Annex 2: Beneficiary selection process 24 Annex 3: Photos 24 SOURCES 24 2016/2017 Dzud Emergency Response: Needs Assessment and Response Plan People in Need, January 2017 List of Figures FIGURE 1: DZUD CONTRIBUTIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ........................................................................................... 4 FIGURE 2: DATA COLLECTED DURING THE NEEDS ASSESSMENT ........................................................................... 6 FIGURE 3: INDICATORS SIGNALLING THE SEVERITY OF 2016/2017 DZUD COMPARED TO LAST YEAR .................. 7 FIGURE 4: SOUMS EVALUATED AS WITH DZUD IN DORNOD, KHENTII AND SUKHBAATAR PROVINCES .................. 9 FIGURE 5: COMPARISON OF DZUD SITUATION IN MONGOLIA IN DECEMBER 2016 AND JANUARY 2017 ............ 10 FIGURE 6: SOUMS IN DORNOD PROVINCE ...........................................................................................................
  • Climate Change

    Climate Change

    This “Mongolia Second Assessment Report on Climate Change 2014” (MARCC 2014) has been developed and published by the Ministry of Environment and Green Development of Mongolia with financial support from the GIZ programme “Biodiversity and adaptation of key forest ecosystems to climate change”, which is being implemented in Mongolia on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development. Copyright © 2014, Ministry of Environment and Green Development of Mongolia Editors-in-chief: Damdin Dagvadorj Zamba Batjargal Luvsan Natsagdorj Disclaimers This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for educational or non-profit services without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The Ministry of Environment and Green Development of Mongolia would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the Ministry of Environment and Green Development of Mongolia. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures . 3 List of Tables . .. 12 Abbreviations . 14 Units . 17 Foreword . 19 Preface . 22 1. Introduction. Batjargal Z. 27 1.1 Background information about the country . 33 1.2 Introductory information on the second assessment report-MARCC 2014 . 31 2. Climate change: observed changes and future projection . 37 2.1 Global climate change and its regional and local implications. Batjargal Z. 39 2.1.1 Observed global climate change as estimated within IPCC AR5 . 40 2.1.2 Temporary slowing down of the warming . 43 2.1.3 Driving factors of the global climate change .
  • Strategic Development Outline for Economic Cooperation Between the People's Republic of China and Mongolia

    Strategic Development Outline for Economic Cooperation Between the People's Republic of China and Mongolia

    STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OUTLINE FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND MONGOLIA (PROJECT AREA: XINGANMENG PREFECTURE IN THE INNER MONGOLIA AUTONOMOUS REGION OF THE PRC AND THE PROVINCES OF DORNOD, HENTIY, SUHBAATAR OF MONGOLIA ) i This publication was prepared by Asian Development Bank consultants under the guidance of Bank staff. The findings, interpre- tations, and conclusions expressed in it do not necessarily represent the views of the Bank or those of its member countries. The Asian Development Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data in- cluded in this publication and accepts no responsibility whatsoever for any consequences of their use. @ Asian Development Bank 2002 ISBN No. 971-561-412-4 Stock No. 110501 Published by the Asian Development Bank P.O. Box. 789, 0980 Manila, Philippines For more information on ADB, visit http:\\www.adb.org ii STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OUTLINE FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND MONGOLIA (PROJECT AREA: XINGANMENG PREFECTURE IN THE INNER MONGOLIA AUTONOMOUS REGION OF THE PRC AND THE PROVINCES OF DORNOD, HENTIY, SUHBAATAR OF MONGOLIA ) iii Message from the People’s Republic of China n line with the open door policy, the Government of options for economic cooperation in a specific project the People’s Republic of China regards promotion area covering Xinganmeng Prefecture of Inner Mongolia Iof economic cooperation with neighboring coun- Autonomous Region and the three eastern provinces in tries as a special means to accelerate growth and eco- Mongolia. As revealed by the strategic study, the two nomic development of the local economy in the provinces countries have good opportunity to cooperate in the and autonomous regions that share border with other project area in the sectors of agriculture, mining, tour- countries.
  • Skvortsovia: 2(1): 8 – 27 (2015) Skvortsovia ISSN 2309-6497 (Print) Copyright: © 2015 Russian Academy of Sciences ISSN 2309-6500 (Online)

    Skvortsovia: 2(1): 8 – 27 (2015) Skvortsovia ISSN 2309-6497 (Print) Copyright: © 2015 Russian Academy of Sciences ISSN 2309-6500 (Online)

    Skvortsovia: 2(1): 8 – 27 (2015) Skvortsovia ISSN 2309-6497 (Print) Copyright: © 2015 Russian Academy of Sciences http://skvortsovia.uran.ru/ ISSN 2309-6500 (Online) Article New records for the flora of Selenge Province (Mongolia) Vladimir Doronkin1, Dmitry Shaulo2, Irina Han1, Natalya Vlasova1, Victoria Ivleva1, Luvsanbaldan Enkhtuya3, Tovuudorj Munkh-Erdene4, Nanjidsuren Ochgerel3 and Battseren Munkhjargal5 1 Plant Systematics Laboratory, Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zolotodolinskaya St. 101, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation. Email: [email protected] 2 Herbarium Laboratory, Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zolotodolinskaya St. 101, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation. Email: [email protected] 3 Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany of Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Jukov St. 77, Ulaanbaatar 210351, Mongolia. Email: [email protected] 4 Department of Flora and Systematics, Institute of Botany of Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Jukov St. 77, Ulaanbaatar 210351, Mongolia. 5 Department of Resources, Plant physiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Botany of Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Jukov St. 77, Ulaanbaatar 210351, Mongolia. Received: 4 August 2014 | Accepted by Irina V. Belyaeva: 29 March 2015 | Published on line: 31 March 2015 Abstract Eleven taxa from Selenge Province are listed as new for the Mongolian flora. Nineteen taxa are new for the botanical-geographical region. New locations for 5 species were found. Keywords: distribution, flora, Mongolia, new records, Selenge Province, vascular plants. Introduction In accordance with the international agreement on cooperation between the Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS and the Institute of Botany, the Academy of Sciences of Mongolia, joint studies of the cross-boundary flora were conducted in 2012.
  • Multi-Destination Tourism in Greater Tumen Region

    Multi-Destination Tourism in Greater Tumen Region

    MULTI-DESTINATION TOURISM IN GREATER TUMEN REGION RESEARCH REPORT 2013 MULTI-DESTINATION TOURISM IN GREATER TUMEN REGION RESEARCH REPORT 2013 Greater Tumen Initiative Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH GTI Secretariat Regional Economic Cooperation and Integration in Asia (RCI) Tayuan Diplomatic Compound 1-1-142 Tayuan Diplomatic Office Bldg 1-14-1 No. 1 Xindong Lu, Chaoyang District No. 14 Liangmahe Nanlu, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100600, China Beijing, 100600, China www.tumenprogramme.org www.economicreform.cn Tel: +86-10-6532-5543 Tel: + 86-10-8532-5394 Fax: +86-10-6532-6465 Fax: +86-10-8532-5774 [email protected] [email protected] © 2013 by Greater Tumen Initiative The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Greater Tumen Initiative (GTI) or members of its Consultative Commission and Tourism Board or the governments they represent. GTI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, GTI does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. “Multi-Destination Tourism in the Greater Tumen Region” is the report on respective research within the GTI Multi-Destination Tourism Project funded by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. The report was prepared by Mr. James MacGregor, sustainable tourism consultant (ecoplan.net).
  • Promoting Dryland Sustainable Landscapes and Biodiversity Conservation in the Eastern Steppe of Mongolia” Project

    Promoting Dryland Sustainable Landscapes and Biodiversity Conservation in the Eastern Steppe of Mongolia” Project

    Environmental and Social Management Framework for “Promoting Dryland Sustainable Landscapes and Biodiversity Conservation in The Eastern Steppe of Mongolia” Project ULAANBAATAR 2020 Required citation: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), World Wildlife Fund (WWF). 2020. Environmental and Social Management Framework for “Promoting Dryland Sustainable Landscapes and Biodiversity Conservation in The Eastern Steppe of Mongolia” Project. Ulaanbaatar. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. © FAO, WWF, 2020 Some rights reserved. This worK is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAliKe 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode). Under the terms of this licence, this worK may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this worK, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services.
  • People's Development Justice

    People's Development Justice

    Developed within the scope of the project “Women 2030: Monitoring and evaluation of Sustainable Developed within the scope of the project “Women 2030: Monitoring and evaluation of Sustainable Development Goals and Development Justice at national level” Development Goals and Development Justice at national level” REPORT ON “PEOPLE’S DEVELOPMENT JUSTICE” “Sustainable development and Our participation” Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 2019 PB 1 Developed within the scope of the project “Women 2030: Monitoring and evaluation of Sustainable Developed within the scope of the project “Women 2030: Monitoring and evaluation of Sustainable Development Goals and Development Justice at national level” Development Goals and Development Justice at national level” ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Centre for Human Rights and Development and MONFEMNET National Network had jointly executed the project “Sustainable development and Our participation” in Mongolia for the purpose of contributing to the improved understanding and knowledge of local communities and citizens about Sustainable Development Goals and targets, and build the capacity of citizens in implementation and implementation evaluation processes. This project was successfully executed within the scope of the project “Women 2030: Monitoring and evaluation of Sustainable Development Goals and Development Justice” initiated by the Asia Pacific Forum on Women, Law and Development (APWLD), the regional civil society organization. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to APWLD for their financial and methodological support during the project term. We would like to extend our appreciation to the working groups led by Ya.Munkhzul, chair of the Community Savings Group Federation (CSGF) of Bayandun soum1 of Dornod province2, B.Narangerel, chair of CSGF of Dornod province, D.Uranchimeg, chair of CSGF of Khentii province for providing great support to execute this project in local areas.
  • MONGOLIA Environmental Monitor 2003 40872

    MONGOLIA Environmental Monitor 2003 40872

    MONGOLIA Environmental Monitor 2003 40872 THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D. C. 20433 U.S.A. Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized Tel: 202-477-1234 Fax: 202-477-6391 Telex: MCI 64145 WORLDBANK MCI 248423 WORLDBANK Internet: http://worldbank.org THE WORLD BANK MONGOLIA OFFICE Ulaanbaatar, 11 A Peace Avenue Ulaanbaatar 210648, Mongolia Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized THE WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENT MONITOR 2003 Land Resources and Their Management THE WORLD BANK CONTENTS PREFACE IV ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS V SECTION I: PHYSICAL FEATURES OF LAND 2 SECTION II: LAND, POVERTY, AND LIVELIHOODS 16 SECTION III: LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL DIMENSIONS OF LAND MANAGEMENT 24 SECTION IV: FUTURE CHALLENGES 32 MONGOLIA AT A GLANCE 33 NOTES 34 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 The World Bank Mongolia Office Ulaanbaatar, 11 A Peace Avenue Ulaanbaatar 210648, Mongolia All rights reserved. First printing June 2003 This document was prepared by a World Bank Team comprising Messrs./Mmes. Anna Corsi (ESDVP), Giovanna Dore (Task Team Leader), Tanvi Nagpal, and Tony Whitten (EASES); Robin Mearns (EASRD); Yarissa Richmond Lyngdoh (EASUR); H. Ykhanbai (Mongolia Ministry of Nature and Environment). Jeffrey Lecksell was responsible for the map design. Photos were taken by Giovanna Dore and Tony Whitten. Cover and layout design were done by Jim Cantrell. Inputs and comments by Messrs./Mmes. John Bruce (LEGEN), Jochen Becker, Gerhard Ruhrmann (Rheinbraun Engineering und Wasser - GmbH), Nicholas Crisp, John Dick, Michael Mullen (Food and Agriculture Organization), Clyde Goulden (Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia), Hans Hoffman (GTZ), Glenn Morgan, Sulistiovati Nainggolan (EASES), and Vera Songwe (EASPR) are gratefully acknowledged.