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Initial Environmental Examination (DRAFT) Ensuring Inclusiveness and Service Delivery for Persons with Disabilities (RRP MON 48076) Initial Environmental Examination (DRAFT) November 2017 MONGOLIA: Ensuring Inclusiveness and Service Delivery for Persons with Disabilities Project Prepared by the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 17 October 2017) Currency unit – togrog (MNT) MNT1.00 = $0.0004 $1.00 = MNT 2,459.50 ABBREVIATIONS ACM – asbestos-containing material ADB – Asian Development Bank ASI – agency for specialized inspection CWD – child with disabilities DEIA – detailed environmental impact assessment DPO – disabled people’s organization EA – executing agency EEE – external environmental expert EIA – environmental impact assessment EMP – environment management plan ES – environmental specialist GASI – general agency for specialized inspection GEIA – general environmental impact assessment GIC – grant implementation consultant GoM – Government of Mongolia GRM – grievance redress mechanism IEE – initial environmental examination IEM – independent environment monitor IFC – International Finance Corporation HSMP – Health and Safety Management Plan LEED – United States Green Building Council’s Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design MECS – Ministry of Education, Culture, Science and Sports MEGD – Ministry of Environment and Green Development MLSP – Ministry of Labor and Social Protection MNS – Mongolian national standards MOH – Ministry of Health NGO – nongovernmental organization PCU – project complaint unit PIU – project implementation unit PSC – project steering committee PWD – person with disabilities TA – technical assistance UB – Ulaanbaatar WEIGHTS AND MEASURES °C – degree Celsius dB – decibel km – kilometer kWh – kilowatt hour m – meter GLOSSARY aimag – province soum – aimag subdistrict khoroo – Ulaanbaatar subdistrict NOTES In the report, “$” refers to US dollars. This initial environment examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................... 1 A. INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE .................................................................................... 1 B. IMPACT, OUTPUT, OUTCOMES, SAFEGUARD CATEGORIZATION ..................................... 2 C. PROJECT BENEFITS ................................................................................................... 4 D. ADVERSE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .......................................................... 4 E. CONSULTATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM (GRM) . 6 F. RISKS AND ASSURANCES ............................................................................................ 7 G. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................. 7 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ..................................... 8 A. MONGOLIA ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK ..................................... 8 B. APPLICABLE MONGOLIAN ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS ............................................. 14 C. APPLICABLE ADB POLICIES, REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS ................................ 21 D. OTHER RELEVANT GUIDELINES ................................................................................. 22 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ....................................................................... 23 A. PROJECT RATIONALE, LOCATION AND BENEFICIARIES ................................................. 23 B. PROJECT OUTPUTS .................................................................................................. 26 C. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS ........................................................................... 27 D. PROJECT ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE ...................................................................... 30 E. PROJECT AREA OF INFLUENCE, PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ...................... 30 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE) ........................................ 35 A. URBAN FORM, SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS .......................................................... 35 B. PHYSICAL CONDITIONS WITHIN THE PROJECT AREAS ................................................. 37 C. ECOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES WITHIN THE PROJECT AREAS ........ 45 V. ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ................................................................................... 49 A. NO ACTION ALTERNATIVE ......................................................................................... 49 B. LOCATION ALTERNATIVES ......................................................................................... 49 VI. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................................... 53 A. IMPACTS ASSOCIATED WITH PROJECT LOCATION, PLANNING AND DESIGN ................... 53 B. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION .......... 54 C. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING OPERATION ................ 60 D. CUMULATIVE, INDIRECT IMPACTS .............................................................................. 61 E. CLIMATE RISK, ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE .............................. 62 F. SEISMIC RISKS ......................................................................................................... 62 VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ........................ 63 A. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND CONSULTATION DURING PROJECT PREPARATION ....... 63 B. FUTURE PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ............................... 65 VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ................................................................. 66 A. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 66 B. PROPOSED GRIEVANCE REDRESS SYSTEM ............................................................... 66 C. GRM STEPS AND TIMEFRAME ................................................................................... 66 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ........................................................... 69 X. CONCLUSIONS ..................................................................................................... 70 APPENDIXES - APPENDIX 1: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) - APPENDIX 2: ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE REPORT - APPENDIX 3: PUBLIC CONSULTATION REPORT I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A. Introduction and Purpose 1. The proposed project will support the Government of Mongolia in addressing a major social and rights issue by ensuring inclusiveness and delivery of services for persons with disabilities (PWD) in Ulaanbaatar and at the aimag (province) level. The overall aim of the project is to ensure access by PWD to employment to increase their autonomy and contribution to the economy and society in general. The project will support the government to comply with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Incheon Strategy, and to implement the new Law on the Rights of People with Disabilities adopted by the Parliament in February 2016.1 2. Disability prevalence estimates of around 4% based on the 2010 census is likely to underestimate the actual incidence. Early diagnosis and identification of developmental delay in children is underdeveloped and disability assessment is based on an outdated, narrow medical approach to determine work ability loss. Older people are not recognized as disabled even if they require long-term care. PWD in Mongolia and their households represent a population subgroup with substantially higher poverty and lower human development indicators than the rest of the population.2 3. Typically, PWD, especially those with intellectual disabilities, lack access to education, health care, social protection, employment, and suffer from marginalization in society. Early diagnostic and intervention services for the majority of children with disabilities (CWD) are either unavailable or of poor quality. Poor access to education at all levels means that PWD are comparatively poorly prepared for employment compared to other people. Poor physical access to (i) public buildings including government offices, hospitals, and schools; and (ii) transportation facilities are major constraints due to lack of enforcement of existing rules and limited investment. These are all major impediments in the life of PWD, which often prevents them from accessing basic municipal and social services or nearby workplaces. PWD face huge barriers in entering job markets due to lack of skills but also due to the unpreparedness of companies. 4. The Government of Mongolia demonstrates strong commitment to international rights frameworks and development goals on disability.3 This is especially reflected in its active engagement with the disabled people’s organizations (DPOs) community and the adoption of a new Law on the Rights of People with Disabilities in February 2016, which moves the sector paradigm from a
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