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VIOLENT IN THE U.S. A CENTER FOR AMERICAN PROGRESS ANALYSIS (Updated Sept. 29, 2020)

By Kenny Lo, Eugenio Weigend, Sarah Figgatt, and Ed Chung President Trump is reprising his strategy to scare the American public by making hyperbolic claims about violent crime in the United States – while he is president – claiming Introduction that cities are “plagued by violent crime.” A Center for American Progress analysis, however, shows that the violent crime rate is decreasing in many large U.S. cities across the country. • The violent crime rate has decreased in more than half of the 25 largest U.S. cities from 2019 to 2020 (Slide 5).

• The violent crime rate remains low in the vast majority of the analyzed cities compared to the rate over the past 25 years. And increases are similar to previous year-over- year fluctuations (Slides 6-33).

• In the three cities that Attorney General Bill Barr Labeled Key Findings as “jurisdictions permitting and destruction of property,” all three cities are experiencing a decrease in the violent crime rate compared to 2019 (Slide 34).

• In the five largest U.S. cities* that reported an increase in from 2019 to 2020, the increase began prior to the protests against police violence that started in June (Slides 35-38). Relevant data were not available for Los Angeles. • The largest 25 U.S. cities were selected based on City and Town Population Totals: 2010-2019 from the U.S. Census. Some cities were omitted in certain analyses due to incomplete data.

• Data on violent crime were obtained primarily from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Crime in the United States reports. They were supplemented by official city or Methodology police department sources where FBI data were unavailable.

• The violent crime rate in each city is expressed in the number of incidents per 100,000 residents. The population of each city is based on U.S. Census estimates.

• Data are subject to revision as they are often audited and updated. % Change Violent Crime Rate, 2019-2020 (Jan-Jun)

San Francisco -12% Boston -11% Percent Change in the Washington -10% San Jose -10% Violent Crime Rate Oklahoma City -7% Los Angeles -6% 2019 – 2020 (Jan – Jun) -6% El Paso -5% Philadelphia -3% We obtained semiannual violent crime rate Seattle -2% data for 2019 and 2020 for 22 of the 25 Chicago -1% largest U.S. cities. More than half reported a New York City -1% decrease in the violent crime rate during Charlotte-Mecklenburg -1% that period, even as homicides increased. Detroit 3% Nashville-Davidson 5% “Violent crime,” as defined by the FBI, Columbus 6% includes and nonnegligent Austin 6% , , , and San Antonio 9% aggravated . Denver 10% Fort Worth 14% Phoenix 16% Houston 17%

-15% -10% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 1. Austin 16.New York City 2. Boston 17.Oklahoma City 3. Charlotte-Mecklenburg 18.Philadelphia Largest 25 U.S. 4. Chicago 19.Phoenix Cities, 1995 – 2020 5. Columbus 20.San Antonio 6. Dallas 21.San Diego We analyzed the violent crime rate 7. Denver 22. over the past 25 years in each of the 8. Detroit 23.San Jose 25 largest US cities (and four other 9. El Paso 24.Seattle cities of interest) which showed that 10.Fort Worth 25.Washington the violent crime rate remains low in the vast majority of the analyzed cities 11.Houston * Baltimore compared to the rate over the past 25 12.Indianapolis^ * Louisville-Jefferson years. And increases are similar to 13.Jacksonville^ * Milwaukee previous year-over-year fluctuations. 14.Los Angeles * Portland 15.Nashville-Davidson

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s , Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. Data for 2019 were obtained from official city or police department sources. Year-to-date data for 2020 were obtained from official city or police department sources or the FBI's Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report. CAP projected violent crime rates for the remainder of the year. ^ Data for Indianapolis and Jacksonville were unavailable for this analysis. Austin

3500

3000 Austin (TX) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Austin Police 1500 Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through September 21, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Austin Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year. Data on rape were not available in certain years and were excluded from all sources to ensure consistency across years.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Boston

3500

3000

Boston (MA) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Boston Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through September 20, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Boston Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Charlotte-Mecklenburg

3500

3000 Charlotte (NC) Violent Crime Rate 2500

1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year (data for 1997 and 1998 did not include rape and were excluded to 1500 ensure consistency across years). Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020. 1000 Year-to-date data through June 30, 2020 were obtained from the FBI's Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Chicago

3500

3000 Chicago (IL) Violent Crime Rate 2500

1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year (data for 2013 did not include aggravated assault and were excluded to 1500 ensure consistency across years). Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Chicago Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through September 9, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Chicago Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year. Data on rape were not available in certain years and were excluded from all sources to ensure consistency across years.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Columbus

3500

3000

Columbus (OH) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 2000 1995 – 2020

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime 1500 Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year (data for 2012 and 2013 were unavailable).

Year-to-date data through June 30, 2020 were obtained from the FBI's Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report. CAP projected the 1000 violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Dallas

3500

3000

Dallas (TX) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Dallas Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through September 16, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Dallas Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Denver

3500

3000

Denver (CO) 2500 Violent Crime Rates 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the City of Denver and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through July 31, 2020 were obtained from the City of 1000 Denver. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Detroit

3500

3000 Detroit (MI) Violent Crime Rate 2500 1995 – 2020 2000 Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Michigan Incident Crime Reporting Unit and subsequently updated when the FBI released its 1500 latest publication on September 28, 2020. Estimates obtained from the Michigan Incident Crime Reporting Unit were lower mainly because it reported a lower number of aggravated/felonious than the FBI.

For this reason, year-to-date data through September 16, 2020 obtained 1000 from the City of Detroit were replaced with year-to-date data through June 30, 2020 from the FBI's Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year. 500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 El Paso

3500

3000

El Paso (TX) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the El Paso Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through June 30, 2020 were obtained from the FBI's 1000 Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Fort Worth

3500

3000 Fort Worth (TX) Violent Crime Rate 2500

1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Fort Worth Police 1500 Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020. Estimates obtained from the Fort Worth Police Department were lower mainly because it reported a lower number of aggravated assaults than the FBI. 1000 Year-to-date data through June 30, 2020 were obtained from the FBI's Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Houston

3500

3000

Houston (TX) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Houston Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through August 31, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Houston Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Los Angeles

3500

3000

Los Angeles (CA) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Los Angeles Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through September 12, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Los Angeles Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Nashville-Davidson

3500

3000

Nashville (TN) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Metropolitan Nashville Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through September 19, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Metropolitan Nashville Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 New York City

3500

3000 New York City (NY) Violent Crime Rate 2500 1995 – 2020 2000 Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the New York Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest 1500 publication on September 28, 2020. Estimates obtained from the New York Police Department were lower mainly because it reported a lower number of and aggravated assaults than the FBI.

For this reason, year-to-date data through September 13, 2020 obtained 1000 from the New York Police Department were replaced with year-to-date data through June 30, 2020 from the FBI's Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year. 500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Oklahoma City

3500

3000

Oklahoma City (OK) 2500

Violent Crime Rate 2000 1995 – 2020

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime 1500 Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year.

Year-to-date data through June 30, 2020 were obtained from the FBI's Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report. CAP projected the 1000 violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Philadelphia

3500

3000

Philadelphia (PA) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2018 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year 1500 (data for 1997 were unavailable). Data for 2019 were obtained from the Philadelphia Police Department because Philadelphia was not included in the FBI's latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through September 20, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Philadelphia Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Phoenix

3500

3000

Phoenix (AZ) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Phoenix Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through June 30, 2020 were obtained from the FBI's 1000 Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 San Antonio

3500

3000

San Antonio (TX) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the San Antonio Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through July 31, 2020 were obtained from the San 1000 Antonio Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 San Diego

3500

3000

San Diego (CA) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the San Diego Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through July 31, 2020 were obtained from the San 1000 Diego Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 San Francisco

3500

3000

San Francisco (CA) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year 1500 (data for 2001 were unavailable). Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the San Francisco Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through July 31, 2020 were obtained from the San 1000 Francisco Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 San Jose

3500

3000

San Jose (CA) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the San Jose Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through June 30, 2020 were obtained from the FBI's 1000 Preliminary Semiannual Uniform Crime Report. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Seattle

3500

3000

Seattle (WA) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Seattle Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through August 31, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Seattle Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Washington

3500

3000 Washington (DC) Violent Crime Rate 2500

1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Metropolitan Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest 1500 publication on September 28, 2020. Estimates obtained from the Metropolitan Police Department were lower mainly because they limited aggravated assaults to those with a dangerous weapon. 1000 For this reason, the ratio in each category of violent crime between the two estimates was derived and applied to year-to-date data through September 22, 2020 obtained from the Metropolitan Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year. 500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Baltimore

3500

3000

Baltimore (MD) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year 1500 (data for 1999 were unavailable). Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Baltimore Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through September 22, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Baltimore Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Louisville-Jefferson

3500

3000

Louisville (KY) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year 1500 (data for 2018 were unavailable). Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Louisville Metro Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through August 31, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Louisville Metro Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Milwaukee

3500

3000

Milwaukee (WI) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year. 1500 Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Milwaukee Police Department and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through June 3, 2020 were obtained from the 1000 Milwaukee Police Department. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Portland

3500

3000

Portland (OR) 2500 Violent Crime Rate 1995 – 2020 2000

Data for 1995-2019 were obtained from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States publication for the relevant year 1500 (data for 2015 were unavailable). Data for 2019 were originally obtained from the Portland Police Bureau and subsequently updated when the FBI released its latest publication on September 28, 2020.

Year-to-date data through July 31, 2020 were obtained from the Portland 1000 Police Bureau. CAP projected the violent crime rate for the remainder of the year.

500

0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 DATE RANGE – New York City: Jan. 1 – Sept. 13 | Portland: Jan. 1 – July 31 | Seattle: Jan. 1 – Aug. 31

450 Violent Crime Rate, Cities Targeted by 400 USDOJ, 2019-2020 350

Attorney General Bill Barr labeled 300 New York City, Portland, and Seattle as “jurisdictions permitting violence 250 and destruction of property.” Yet, all three cities are experiencing a 200 decrease in the violent crime rate compared to 2019. 150

Year-to-date data for each city were 100 obtained from their respective police department rather than the FBI's 50 Preliminary Semiannual Uniform

Crime Report because the latter only 0 reported data through June 30, 2020. New York City Portland Seattle 2019 2020 Homicides by Month, New York City

100

New York City (NY) 90 Homicides Per 80

Month 2020 70

(Jan – Jun) 60

In the five largest U.S. cities that 50 reported an increase in homicides 40 from 2019 to 2020 and where data were available*, the increase in 30 homicides began prior to the protests against police violence that started in 20 June. 10 * Monthly data for Los Angeles were not publicly available

0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN

2019 2020 Homicides by Month, Chicago

100

90

80

70

Chicago (IL) 60

Homicides Per 50 Month 2020 40 (Jan – Jun) 30

20

10

0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN

2019 2020 Homicides by Month, Houston

100

90

80

70

Houston (TX) 60

Homicides Per 50 Month 2020 40 (Jan – Jun) 30

20

10

0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN

2019 2020 Homicides by Month, Phoenix

100

90

80

70

Phoenix (AZ) 60

Homicides Per 50 Month 2020 40 (Jan – Jun) 30

20

10

0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN

2019 2020