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Criminal Justice in America Fifth Edition cja_teachers_cover:Layout 1 8/28/2012 1:55 PM Page 1 CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN AMERICA FIFTH EDITION TEACHER’S GUIDE CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN AMERICA FIFTH EDITION TEACHER’S GUIDE Developed by Bill Hayes Marshall Croddy 601 South Kingsley Drive Los Angeles, California 90005 (213) 487- 5590 www.crf-usa.org T. Warren Jackson, Chair Marshall P. Horowitz, Chair, Publications Committee Jonathan Estrin, President Marshall Croddy, Vice President Board Reviewers Marshall P. Horowitz, Lisa Rockwell, Patrick Rogan, K. Eugene Shutler, Douglas Thompson, Lois Thompson Developed by Bill Hayes and Marshall Croddy Editor Bill Hayes Contributing Writers Bill Hayes, Sophia Kahn, Adam Leeman, Caitlin W. Meyd, Shruti Modi, Anjelica Grace Sarmiento, Marianna Muratova Design and Production Andrew Costly The development of these materials was financially assisted through the United States Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Grant #85-JS-CX-0007. ISBN: 978-1886253-46-7 © 2012, 2005, 2000, 1998, 1983, 1993, 1991, Constitutional Rights Foundation. All rights reserved. Published in 2012. First Printing. First edition published 1983; second edition, 1991 and 1993; third edition, 2000, fourth edition, 2005. Printed in the United States of America CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN AMERICA TEACHER’S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Overview Chapter 20: Children and the Constitution....66 Section 1: The Text Chapter 21: Juvenile Corrections ................69 Goals ............................................................4 Unit 6: Solutions Standards Addressed .....................................5 Chapter 22: The Causes of Crime ...............72 Organization and Content ..............................6 Chapter 23: Crime and the Government......73 Features .......................................................7 Chapter 24: Crime and the Citizen..............75 Section 2: Teaching Strategies Section 4: Activity Masters Directed Discussion ......................................8 List of Activity Masters.......................................77 Small-Group Learning ...................................8 0.1 Newsbreak ..................................................78 Using Resource Experts ..................................9 0.2 Research Activities for Enrichment Quotations ...................................................10 and Extra Credit............................................79 Peer Teaching ..............................................10 0.3 Opinion Surveying .......................................80 Handling Controversy ..................................10 0.4 Briefing a Case ............................................82 Field Activities ............................................10 0.5 Analyzing an Editorial Cartoon .....................83 Polling Activities ..........................................11 1.1 Legal-Ease for Unit 1 ....................................84 Briefing Supreme Court Opinions .................12 1.2 Crime Victim Survey.....................................85 Using Editorial Cartoons ..............................12 1.3 Crime Victims Board ....................................86 Updating Statistical Charts ...........................12 2.1 Legal-Ease for Unit 2 ....................................87 2.2 Application and Affidavit for Search Warrant .......88 Section 3: Teaching Procedures 2.3 Search Warrant ............................................89 Initial Recommendations ....................................13 3.1 Legal-Ease for Unit 3 ...................................90 Teaching Sequence .............................................13 3.2 The Prosecutor Decides ................................91 Introducing the Text 3.3 In the Halls of Justice ...................................92 Unit 1: Crime 3.4 Choosing a Jury ..........................................94 Chapter 1: Crimes .......................................15 3.5 The Defense Rests ........................................95 Chapter 2: Defenses .....................................21 4.1 Legal-Ease for Unit 4 ...................................96 Chapter 3: Criminals ...................................24 5.1 Legal-Ease for Unit 5 ...................................97 Chapter 4: Crime Victims..............................26 5.2 Who Should Be in the System? .....................98 Unit 2: The Police 5.3 Detain or Release ........................................99 Chapter 5: Police and Society........................29 6.1 Legal-Ease for Unit 6 ..................................100 Chapter 6: Methods and Investigations ..........30 6.2 Fighting Crime in the City of Athena (Part 1) ....101 Chapter 7: Forensic Science ..........................33 6.3 Fighting Crime in the City of Athena (Part 2)....102 Chapter 8: Police and the Law ......................34 Section 5: Test Masters and Answer Keys Chapter 9: The Limits of Police Authority ......43 Pre- and Post-Observations ..............................104 Unit 3: The Criminal Case Test for Unit 1 .................................................105 Chapter 10: Courts and the Case Process .......45 Test for Unit 2 .................................................107 Chapter 11: Investigation and Arrest..............48 Test for Unit 3 .................................................109 Test for Unit 4 ..................................................111 Chapter 12: Pretrial ......................................49 Test for Unit 5 .................................................113 Chapter 13: Trial...........................................51 Test for Unit 6 .................................................116 Unit 4: Corrections Final Test ........................................................118 Chapter 14: Sentencing.................................54 Test Answers ...................................................121 Chapter 15: Prison .......................................57 Unit 1 .....................................................121 Chapter 16: Alternatives to Prison.................60 Unit 2 .....................................................121 Chapter 17: Capital Punishment....................62 Unit 3 ....................................................122 Unit 4 .....................................................122 Unit 5: Juvenile Justice Unit 5 ....................................................123 Chapter 18: From Criminal to Delinquent ...64 Unit 6 .....................................................124 Chapter 19: The Problem of Delinquency....65 Final Test................................................124 Criminal Justice in America, Fifth Edition 3 Teacher’s Guide Welcome to the Fifth Edition of Criminal Justice in America. Both the student book and this teacher’s guide have been completely updated and revised. For every chapter and almost every reading, we have resources and links on our web site. This will provide you and your students with additional sources of up-to-date information. We par- ticularly recommend that you go to the web site to find background information, updated information, the text of cases cited in the student book, additional information for students doing activities, and activities and resources that we have omitted from the student book and placed on our web site. You can also send us your e-mail comments on the book, which will help us with future editions. To get to the Criminal Justice in America page, go to www.CriminalJusticeInAmerica.org. To e-mail your comments, send them to [email protected]. Overview Section 1: The Text This guide is designed to support the teaching of the Criminal Justice in America is the most comprehensive material contained in Criminal Justice in America. It and interactive introductory text available on the sub- provides information about the text, detailed descrip- jects of criminal law, procedure, and criminology. It can tions of the variety of teaching strategies employed, serve as a basal text for an entire law-related education suggested teaching procedures (including sequences, course or as a supplement for civics, government, or answers to discussion questions and to activities), ac- contemporary-issues courses. The purpose of this six- tivity masters, and chapter and final tests. unit text is to provide students with an understanding It is organized into the following sections: of the criminal justice system and its laws, procedures, 1. The Text. A detailed description of Criminal Jus- and issues. In addition, Criminal Justice in America is tice in America to give the teacher a quick designed to help students develop critical-thinking and overview of the purpose, curriculum goals, con- analytical skills and to assist them in applying the con- tent, and features of the text. cepts learned in the classroom to real-life situations. 2. Teaching Strategies. A description of the major The text uses facts, statistics, and opinions for a bal- teaching strategies utilized in the text providing a anced and informed presentation of timely issues and rationale, teacher tips, and needed preparation for policies concerning crime and the criminal justice sys- both inside and outside the classroom. tem. Through case studies, simulations, peer-teach- ing, decision-making, and field activities, students clarify public-policy issues, identify values, and pro- 3. Teaching Procedures. Suggested teaching proce- pose and evaluate solutions. dures and support materials for each chapter of the text organized on a unit-by-unit basis. Each Goals unit includes: The major goals of Criminal Justice in America are to • An overview. help students: • Objectives.
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