October 13, 2020 u vol. 117 u no. 41

From the Cover

25609 Evolutionary history of pteropods 25327 Burn markers from Chicxulub crater 25378 Rapid warming and reef fish mortality 25601 Air pollution and mortality burden 25722 CRISPR-based diagnostic test for malaria

Contents

THIS WEEK IN PNAS—This week’s research highlights Cover image: Pictured are several 25183 In This Issue species of pteropods. Using phylogenomic data and fossil evidence, — Katja T. C. A. Peijnenburg et al. INNER WORKINGS An over-the-shoulder look at scientists at work reconstructed the evolutionary history of 25186 Researchers peek into chromosomes’ 3D structure in unprecedented detail pteropods to evaluate the mollusks’ Amber Dance responses to past fluctuations in Earth’s carbon cycle. All major pteropod groups QNAS—Interviews with leading scientific researchers and newsmakers diverged in the Cretaceous, suggesting resilience to ensuing periods of 25190 QnAs with J. Michael Kosterlitz increased atmospheric carbon and Farooq Ahmed ocean acidification. However, it is unlikely that pteropods ever PROFILE—The life and work of NAS members experienced carbon release rates of the current magnitude. See the article by 25192 Profile of Subra Suresh Peijnenburg et al. on pages 25609– Sandeep Ravindran 25617. Image credit: Katja T. C. A. Peijnenburg and Erica Goetze. COMMENTARIES 25195 One model to rule them all in network science? Roger Guimera` See companion article on page 23393 in issue 38 of volume 117 25198 Cis-regulatory units of grass genomes identified by their DNA methylation Peng Liu and R. Keith Slotkin See companion article on page 23991 in issue 38 of volume 117

LETTERS 25200 Not all trauma is the same Qin Xiang Ng, Donovan Yutong Lim, and Kuan Tsee Chee 25201 Reply to Ng et al.: Not all trauma is the same, but lessons can be drawn from commonalities Ethan J. Raker, Meghan Zacher, and Sarah R. Lowe 25203 Lack of evidence for BCG vaccine protection from severe COVID-19 Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn, Alessandro Sette, and Bjoern Peters

25205 The bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination allows the innate immune system to provide protection from severe COVID-19 infection Vincenzo Patella, Gabriele Delfino, Dario Bruzzese, Ada Giuliano, and Alessandro Sanduzzi

Free online through the PNAS open access option. PNAS u October 13, 2020 u vol. 117 u no. 41 u iii–viii Downloaded by guest on September 29, 2021 25207 Reply to Patella et al. and Lindestam Arlehamn et al.: 25532 Evolutionarily diverse LIM domain-containing Complex pandemic dynamics and effect of bacillus proteins bind stressed actin filaments through Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination on COVID-19 aconservedmechanism prevalence and mortality Jonathan D. Winkelman, Caitlin A. Anderson, Cristian Suarez, Carolina Barillas-Mury, Luis E. Escobar, and Alvaro Molina-Cruz David R. Kovar, and Margaret L. Gardel

CHEMISTRY BRIEF REPORT 25284 Distinct RNA N-demethylation pathways catalyzed 25209 Physics of virus transmission by by nonheme iron ALKBH5 and FTO enzymes enable speaking droplets regulation of formaldehyde release rates Roland R. Netz and William A. Eaton Joel D. W. Toh, Steven W. M. Crossley, Kevin J. Bruemmer, Eva J. Ge, Dan He, Diana A. Iovan, and Christopher J. Chang 25293 Metabolic precision labeling enables PHYSICAL SCIENCES selective probing of O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine glycosylation APPLIED PHYSICAL SCIENCES Marjoke F. Debets, Omur Y. Tastan, Simon P. Wisnovsky, 25212 Functional rewiring across spinal injuries via Stacy A. Malaker, Nikolaos Angelis, Leonhard K. R. Moeckl, biomimetic nanofiber scaffolds Junwon Choi, Helen Flynn, Lauren J. S. Wagner, Ganka Bineva- Sadaf Usmani, Audrey Franceschi Biagioni, Manuela Todd, Aristotelis Antonopoulos, Anna Cioce, William M. Medelin, Denis Scaini, Raffaele Casani, Emily R. Aurand, Daniel Browne, Zhen Li, David C. Briggs, Holly L. Douglas, Gaelen T. Padro, Ander Egimendia, Pedro Ramos Cabrer, Manuela Hess, Anthony J. Agbay, Chloe Roustan, Svend Kjaer, Stuart M. Scarselli, Maurizio De Crescenzi, Maurizio Prato, Haslam, Ambrosius P. Snijders, Michael C. Bassik, W. E. and Laura Ballerini Moerner, Vivian S. W. Li, Carolyn R. Bertozzi, and Benjamin Schumann 25219 Glide symmetry breaking and Ising criticality in the quasi-1D magnet CoNb2O6 EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, AND PLANETARY SCIENCES Michele Fava, Radu Coldea, and S. A. Parameswaran 25302 The enigma of Oligocene climate and global surface 25225 Stiffness of the interface between a colloidal temperature evolution body-centered cubic crystal and its liquid Charlotte L. O’Brien, Matthew Huber, Ellen Thomas, Mark Hyerim Hwang, David A. Weitz, and Frans Spaepen Pagani, James R. Super, Leanne E. Elder, and Pincelli M. Hull 25230 Universal motifs and the diversity of 25310 Impact shock origin of diamonds in ureilite meteorites autocatalytic systems Fabrizio Nestola, Cyrena A. Goodrich, Marta Morana, Anna Alex Blokhuis, David Lacoste, and Philippe Nghe Barbaro, Ryan S. Jakubek, Oliver Christ, Frank E. Brenker, M. 25237 Speech can produce jet-like transport relevant to Chiara Domeneghetti, M. Chiara Dalconi, Matteo Alvaro, asymptomatic spreading of virus Anna M. Fioretti, Konstantin D. Litasov, Marc D. Fries, Matteo Leoni, Nicola P. M. Casati, Peter Jenniskens, Manouk Abkarian, Simon Mendez, Nan Xue, Fan Yang, and Muawia H. Shaddad and Howard A. Stone 25246 Spontaneous outflow efficiency of confined 25319 Emergence of the Southeast Asian islands as a driver liquid in hydrophobic nanopores for Neogene cooling Yuem Park, Pierre Maffre, Yves Godde´ris, Francis A. Yuan Gao, Mingzhe Li, Yue Zhang, Weiyi Lu, Macdonald, Eliel S. C. Anttila, and Nicholas L. Swanson-Hysell and Baoxing Xu 25327 Organic matter from the Chicxulub crater 25628 Three-dimensional digital PCR through light-sheet – imaging of optically cleared emulsion exacerbated the K Pg impact winter Shelby L. Lyons, Allison T. Karp, Timothy J. Bralower, Kliti Peiyu Liao, Mengcheng Jiang, Zitian Chen, Fangli Zhang, Yue Grice, Bettina Schaefer, Sean P. S. Gulick, Joanna V. Morgan, Sun, Jun Nie, Meijie Du, Jianbin Wang, Peng Fei, and Katherine H. Freeman and Yanyi Huang 25335 Particle motion on burned and vegetated hillslopes Danica L. Roth, Tyler H. Doane, Joshua J. Roering, David J. BIOPHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY Furbish, and Aaron Zettler-Mann 25254 Superantigenic character of an insert unique to SARS- CoV-2 spike supported by skewed TCR repertoire 25344 High concentration of ultrafine particles in the in patients with hyperinflammation Amazon free troposphere produced by organic Mary Hongying Cheng, She Zhang, Rebecca A. Porritt, Magali new particle formation Noval Rivas, Lisa Paschold, Edith Willscher, Mascha Binder, Bin Zhao, Manish Shrivastava, Neil M. Donahue, Hamish Moshe Arditi, and Ivet Bahar Gordon, Meredith Schervish, John E. Shilling, Rahul A. Zaveri, Jian Wang, Meinrat O. Andreae, Chun Zhao, Brian Gaudet, 25263 Diffusioosmotic and convective flows induced by Ying Liu, Jiwen Fan, and Jerome D. Fast a nonelectrolyte concentration gradient 25601 The 17-y spatiotemporal trend of PM and its Ian Williams, Sangyoon Lee, Azzurra Apriceno, Richard P. Sear, 2.5 and Giuseppe Battaglia mortality burden in China Fengchao Liang, Qingyang Xiao, Keyong Huang, Xueli Yang, 25272 The role of fibril structure and surface Fangchao Liu, Jianxin Li, Xiangfeng Lu, Yang Liu, hydrophobicity in secondary nucleation and Dongfeng Gu of amyloid fibrils Dev Thacker, Kalyani Sanagavarapu, Birgitta Frohm, Georg ENGINEERING Meisl, Tuomas P. J. Knowles, and Sara Linse 25352 Near–hysteresis-free soft tactile electronic skins for 25445 Functional plasticity and evolutionary adaptation of wearables and reliable machine learning allosteric regulation Haicheng Yao, Weidong Yang, Wen Cheng, Yu Jun Tan, Hian Megan Leander, Yuchen Yuan, Anthony Meger, Qiang Cui, Hian See, Si Li, Hashina Parveen Anwar Ali, Brian Z. H. Lim, and Srivatsan Raman Zhuangjian Liu, and Benjamin C. K. Tee

iv u www.pnas.org Contents Downloaded by guest on September 29, 2021 25360 Roboticizing fabric by integrating functional fibers 25434 On the accuracy of official Chinese crop production Trevor L. Buckner, R. Adam Bilodeau, Sang Yup Kim, data: Evidence from biophysical indexes of net and Rebecca Kramer-Bottiglio primary production Gengyuan Liu, Xueqi Wang, Giovanni Baiocchi, Marco ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Casazza, Fanxin Meng, Yanpeng Cai, Yan Hao, Feng Wu, 25370 Health benefits of on-road transportation pollution and Zhifeng Yang control programs in China Haikun Wang, Xiaojing He, Xinyu Liang, Ernani F. Choma, Yifan Liu, Li Shan, Haotian Zheng, Shaojun Zhang, Chris P. Nielsen, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Shuxiao Wang, Ye Wu, and John S. Evans ANTHROPOLOGY 25378 Rapid onsets of warming events trigger mass mortality of coral reef fish 25414 The early Aurignacian dispersal of modern humans Amatzia Genin, Liraz Levy, Galit Sharon, Dionysios E. Raitsos, into westernmost Eurasia and Arik Diamant Jonathan A. Haws, Michael M. Benedetti, Sahra Talamo, Nuno Bicho, Joa˜o Cascalheira, M. Grace Ellis, 25386 Proteome-wide effects of naphthalene-derived Milena M. Carvalho, Lukas Friedl, Telmo Pereira, secondary organic aerosol in BEAS-2B cells are and Brandon K. Zinsious caused by short-lived unsaturated carbonyls Jiajun Han, Shunyao Wang, Kirsten Yeung, Diwen Yang, Wen Gu, Zhiyuan Ma, Jianxian Sun, Xiaomin Wang, Chung-Wai BIOCHEMISTRY Chow, Arthur W. H. Chan, and Hui Peng 25284 Distinct RNA N-demethylation pathways catalyzed by nonheme iron ALKBH5 and FTO enzymes enable PHYSICS regulation of formaldehyde release rates 25396 Quantum approximate optimization of the Joel D. W. Toh, Steven W. M. Crossley, Kevin J. Bruemmer, long-range Ising model with a trapped-ion Eva J. Ge, Dan He, Diana A. Iovan, and Christopher J. Chang quantum simulator 25445 Functional plasticity and evolutionary adaptation of Guido Pagano, Aniruddha Bapat, Patrick Becker, Katherine S. allosteric regulation Collins, Arinjoy De, Paul W. Hess, Harvey B. Kaplan, Antonis Megan Leander, Yuchen Yuan, Anthony Meger, Qiang Cui, Kyprianidis, Wen Lin Tan, Christopher Baldwin, Lucas T. Brady, and Srivatsan Raman Abhinav Deshpande, Fangli Liu, Stephen Jordan, Alexey V. Gorshkov, and Christopher Monroe 25455 Modular and coordinated activity of AAA+ active sites in the double-ring ClpA unfoldase of the 25402 Generation of thermofield double states and critical ClpAP protease ground states with a quantum computer Kristin L. Zuromski, Robert T. Sauer, and Tania A. Baker D. Zhu, S. Johri, N. M. Linke, K. A. Landsman, C. Huerta Alderete, N. H. Nguyen, A. Y. Matsuura, T. H. Hsieh, 25464 Deep profiling of protease substrate specificity and C. Monroe enabled by dual random and scanned human 25407 Dynamic phase transitions in freestanding polymer proteome substrate phage libraries thin films Jie Zhou, Shantao Li, Kevin K. Leung, Brian Robert J. S. Ivancic and Robert A. Riggleman O’Donovan, James Y. Zou, Joseph L. DeRisi, and James A. Wells 25476 Characterization and engineering of a two-enzyme SOCIAL SCIENCES system for plastics depolymerization Brandon C. Knott, Erika Erickson, Mark D. Allen, Japheth E. ANTHROPOLOGY Gado, Rosie Graham, Fiona L. Kearns, Isabel Pardo, Ece 25414 The early Aurignacian dispersal of modern humans Topuzlu, Jared J. Anderson, Harry P. Austin, Graham Dominick, into westernmost Eurasia Christopher W. Johnson, Nicholas A. Rorrer, Caralyn J. Jonathan A. Haws, Michael M. Benedetti, Sahra Szostkiewicz, Vale´rie Copie´, Christina M. Payne, H. Lee Talamo, Nuno Bicho, Joa˜o Cascalheira, M. Grace Ellis, Woodcock, Bryon S. Donohoe, Gregg T. Beckham, Milena M. Carvalho, Lukas Friedl, Telmo Pereira, and John E. McGeehan and Brandon K. Zinsious 25486 Cockayne syndrome B protein acts as an ATP- dependent processivity factor that helps RNA ECONOMIC SCIENCES polymerase II overcome nucleosome barriers 25423 Unethical amnesia responds more to instrumental Jun Xu, Wei Wang, Liang Xu, Jia-Yu Chen, Jenny Chong, than to hedonic motives Juntaek Oh, Andres E. Leschziner, Xiang-Dong Fu, Fabio Galeotti, Charlotte Saucet, and Marie Claire Villeval and Dong Wang 25494 Visualizing Rev1 catalyze protein-template POLITICAL SCIENCES DNA synthesis 25429 The rise of COVID-19 cases is associated with support Tyler M. Weaver, Luis M. Cortez, Thu H. Khoang, for world leaders M. Todd Washington, Pratul K. Agarwal, and Bret D. Freudenthal Kai Chi Yam, Joshua Conrad Jackson, Christopher M. Barnes, Jenson Lau, Xin Qin, and Hin Yeung Lee BIOPHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY 25212 Functional rewiring across spinal injuries via SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE biomimetic nanofiber scaffolds 25370 Health benefits of on-road transportation pollution Sadaf Usmani, Audrey Franceschi Biagioni, Manuela control programs in China Medelin, Denis Scaini, Raffaele Casani, Emily R. Aurand, Daniel Haikun Wang, Xiaojing He, Xinyu Liang, Ernani F. Choma, Yifan Padro, Ander Egimendia, Pedro Ramos Cabrer, Manuela Liu, Li Shan, Haotian Zheng, Shaojun Zhang, Chris P. Nielsen, Scarselli, Maurizio De Crescenzi, Maurizio Prato, Shuxiao Wang, Ye Wu, and John S. Evans and Laura Ballerini

Contents PNAS u October 13, 2020 u vol. 117 u no. 41 u v Downloaded by guest on September 29, 2021 25263 Diffusioosmotic and convective flows induced by 25580 Fast behavioral feedbacks make ecosystems sensitive a nonelectrolyte concentration gradient to pace and not just magnitude of anthropogenic Ian Williams, Sangyoon Lee, Azzurra Apriceno, Richard P. Sear, environmental change and Giuseppe Battaglia Michael A. Gil, Marissa L. Baskett, Stephan B. Munch, 25505 Robust parallel decision-making in neural circuits with and Andrew M. Hein nonlinear inhibition 25590 Birds advancing lay dates with warming springs face Birgit Kriener, Rishidev Chaudhuri, and Ila R. Fiete greater risk of chick mortality 25517 Alternative proton-binding site and long-distance J. Ryan Shipley, Cornelia W. Twining, Conor C. Taff, Maren N. coupling in Escherichia coli sodium–proton Vitousek, Andrea Flack, and David W. Winkler antiporter NhaA 25595 A connectivity portfolio effect stabilizes marine Jack A. Henderson, Yandong Huang, Oliver Beckstein, reserve performance and Jana Shen Hugo B. Harrison, Michael Bode, David H. Williamson, 25523 Fusidic acid resistance through changes in the Michael L. Berumen, and Geoffrey P. Jones dynamics of the drug target Jennifer H. Tomlinson, Arnout P. Kalverda, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES and Antonio N. Calabrese 25601 The 17-y spatiotemporal trend of PM2.5 and its mortality burden in China CELL BIOLOGY Fengchao Liang, Qingyang Xiao, Keyong Huang, Xueli Yang, Fangchao Liu, Jianxin Li, Xiangfeng Lu, Yang Liu, 25293 Metabolic precision labeling enables and Dongfeng Gu selective probing of O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine glycosylation Marjoke F. Debets, Omur Y. Tastan, Simon P. Wisnovsky, EVOLUTION Stacy A. Malaker, Nikolaos Angelis, Leonhard K. R. Moeckl, 25609 The origin and diversification of pteropods Junwon Choi, Helen Flynn, Lauren J. S. Wagner, Ganka Bineva- precede past perturbations in the Earth’s Todd, Aristotelis Antonopoulos, Anna Cioce, William M. carbon cycle Browne, Zhen Li, David C. Briggs, Holly L. Douglas, Gaelen T. Katja T. C. A. Peijnenburg, Arie W. Janssen, Deborah Wall- Hess, Anthony J. Agbay, Chloe Roustan, Svend Kjaer, Stuart M. Palmer, Erica Goetze, Amy E. Maas, Jonathan A. Todd, Haslam, Ambrosius P. Snijders, Michael C. Bassik, W. E. and Ferdinand Marle´taz Moerner, Vivian S. W. Li, Carolyn R. Bertozzi, and Benjamin Schumann 25618 Adaptive introgression from maize has facilitated the establishment of teosinte as a noxious weed 25532 Evolutionarily diverse LIM domain-containing in Europe proteins bind stressed actin filaments through Vale´rie Le Corre, Mathieu Siol, Yves Vigouroux, Maud I. aconservedmechanism Tenaillon, and Christophe De´lye Jonathan D. Winkelman, Caitlin A. Anderson, Cristian Suarez, David R. Kovar, and Margaret L. Gardel GENETICS 25543 Asbestos induces mesothelial cell transformation via HMGB1-driven autophagy 25628 Three-dimensional digital PCR through light-sheet Jiaming Xue, Simone Patergnani, Carlotta Giorgi, Joelle imaging of optically cleared emulsion Suarez, Keisuke Goto, Angela Bononi, Mika Tanji, Flavia Peiyu Liao, Mengcheng Jiang, Zitian Chen, Fangli Zhang, Yue Novelli, Sandra Pastorino, Ronghui Xu, Natascia Caroccia, A. Sun, Jun Nie, Meijie Du, Jianbin Wang, Peng Fei, Umran Dogan, Harvey I. Pass, Mauro Tognon, Paolo Pinton, and Yanyi Huang Giovanni Gaudino, Tak W. Mak, Michele Carbone, 25634 A mouse tissue atlas of small noncoding RNA and Haining Yang Alina Isakova, Tobias Fehlmann, Andreas Keller, 25553 Analysis of barotactic and chemotactic guidance and Stephen R. Quake cues on directional decision-making of 25646 Genetic nurturing, missing heritability, and causal Dictyostelium discoideum cells in analysis in genetic statistics confined environments Hao Shen and Marcus W. Feldman Yuri Belotti, David McGloin, and Cornelis J. Weijer 25560 Driver mutations of the adenoma-carcinoma IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION sequence govern the intestinal epithelial 25254 Superantigenic character of an insert unique to SARS- global translational capacity CoV-2 spike supported by skewed TCR repertoire Wouter Laurentius Smit, Claudia Nanette Spaan, Ruben in patients with hyperinflammation Johannes de Boer, Prashanthi Ramesh, Taˆnia Martins Garcia, Mary Hongying Cheng, She Zhang, Rebecca A. Porritt, Magali Bartolomeus Joannes Meijer, Jacqueline Ludovicus Maria Noval Rivas, Lisa Paschold, Edith Willscher, Mascha Binder, Vermeulen, Marco Lezzerini, Alyson Winfried MacInnes, Jan Moshe Arditi, and Ivet Bahar Koster, Jan Paul Medema, Gijs Robert van den Brink, Vanesa Muncan, and Jarom Heijmans 25655 Deep learning of immune cell differentiation Alexandra Maslova, Ricardo N. Ramirez, Ke Ma, Hugo Schmutz, Chendi Wang, Curtis Fox, Bernard ECOLOGY Ng, Christophe Benoist, Sara Mostafavi, and Immunological 25378 Rapid onsets of warming events trigger mass Genome Project mortality of coral reef fish 25667 Delineation of a molecularly distinct Amatzia Genin, Liraz Levy, Galit Sharon, Dionysios E. Raitsos, terminally differentiated memory CD8 T and Arik Diamant cell population 25571 Constrained optimal foraging by marine J. Justin Milner, Hongtuyet Nguyen, Kyla Omilusik, Miguel bacterioplankton on particulate organic matter Reina-Campos, Matthew Tsai, Clara Toma, Arnaud Delpoux, Yutaka Yawata, Francesco Carrara, Filippo Menolascina, Brigid S. Boland, Stephen M. Hedrick, John T. Chang, and Roman Stocker and Ananda W. Goldrath

vi u www.pnas.org Contents Downloaded by guest on September 29, 2021 25679 Synergy between 15-lipoxygenase and secreted NEUROSCIENCE PLA2 promotes inflammation by formation of 25789 Experience-dependent plasticity in an innate social TLR4 agonists from extracellular vesicles behavior is mediated by hypothalamic LTP Van Thai Ha, Dusko Lainscek, Bernd Gesslbauer, Eva Jarc- Stefanos Stagkourakis, Giada Spigolon, Grace Liu, Jovici c, Tuulia Hyo¨tyla¨inen, Nejc Ilc, Katja Lakota, Matija and David J. Anderson Tomsic, Fons A. J. van de Loo, Valery Bochkov, Toni Petan, Roman Jerala, and Mateja Mancek-Keber 25800 Single-nucleus transcriptome analysis reveals dysregulation of angiogenic endothelial cells 25690 B cells reappear less mature and more activated after and neuroprotective glia in Alzheimer’sdisease – their anti-CD20 mediated depletion in Shun-Fat Lau, Han Cao, Amy K. Y. Fu, and Nancy Y. Ip multiple sclerosis Nitzan Nissimov, Zivar Hajiyeva, Sebastian Torke, Katja Grondey, 25810 Matched-filter coding of sky polarization Wolfgang Bru¨ck, Silke Ha¨usser-Kinzel, and Martin S. Weber results in an internal sun compass in the brain of the desert locust 25700 CtIP-mediated DNA resection is dispensable for IgH Frederick Zittrell, Keram Pfeiffer, and Uwe Homberg class switch recombination by alternative end-joining Xiaobin S. Wang, Junfei Zhao, Foon Wu-Baer, Zhengping 25818 Metabolic tuning of inhibition regulates Shao, Brian J. Lee, Olivia M. Cupo, Raul Rabadan, Jean hippocampal neurogenesis in the Gautier, Richard Baer, and Shan Zha adult brain 25712 Genetic landscape and autoimmunity of monocytes in Xinxing Wang, Hanxiao Liu, Johannes Morstein, Alexander J. E. Novak, Dirk Trauner, Qiaojie Xiong, Yuguo Yu, developing Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease and Shaoyu Ge Youjin Hu, Yixin Hu, Yuhua Xiao, Feng Wen, Shaochong Zhang, Dan Liang, Lishi Su, Yang Deng, Jiawen Luo, Jingsong Ou, 25830 The auxiliary glutamate receptor subunit dSol-1 Mingzhi Lu, Yanhua Hong, and Wei Chi promotes presynaptic neurotransmitter release and homeostatic potentiation Beril Kiragasi, Pragya Goel, Sarah Perry, Yifu Han, Xiling Li, MEDICAL SCIENCES and Dion Dickman 25722 Ultrasensitive CRISPR-based diagnostic for field- applicable detection of Plasmodium species in 25840 Low doses of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid induce ROS triggering neurological symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria Drosophila Rose A. Lee, Helena De Puig, Peter Q. Nguyen, Nicolaas M. and metabolic impairments in Angenent-Mari, Nina M. Donghia, James P. McGee, Jeffrey D. Felipe Martelli, Zuo Zhongyuan, Julia Wang, Ching-On Wong, Dvorin, Catherine M. Klapperich, Nira R. Pollock, Nicholas E. Karagas, Ute Roessner, Thusitha Rupasinghe, and James J. Collins Kartik Venkatachalam, Trent Perry, Hugo J. Bellen, and Philip Batterham 25732 Loss of UTX/KDM6A and the activation of FGFR3 converge to regulate differentiation gene-expression programs in bladder cancer PHARMACOLOGY Douglas Barrows, Lijuan Feng, Thomas S. Carroll, 25851 Subunit-selective iGluR antagonists can potentiate and C. David Allis heteromeric receptor responses by 25742 Inferring transmission trees to guide targeting of blocking desensitization interventions against visceral leishmaniasis and Stefan Pollok and Andreas Reiner post–kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis Lloyd A. C. Chapman, Simon E. F. Spencer, Timothy M. PHYSIOLOGY Pollington, Chris P. Jewell, Dinesh Mondal, Jorge Alvar, T. 25859 Extracellular vesicle-associated VEGF-C promotes De´irdre Hollingsworth, Mary M. Cameron, Caryn Bern, lymphangiogenesis and immune cells infiltration and Graham F. Medley in endometriosis Wan-Ning Li, Kuei-Yang Hsiao, Chu-An Wang, Ning Chang, MICROBIOLOGY Pei-Ling Hsu, Chung-Hsien Sun, Shang-Rung Wu, Meng-Hsing 25751 ssRNA phage penetration triggers detachment of Wu, and Shaw-Jenq Tsai the F-pilus 25869 Nuclear receptor REVERBα is a state-dependent Laith Harb, Karthik Chamakura, Pratick Khara, Peter J. Christie, regulator of liver energy metabolism Ry Young, and Lanying Zeng A. Louise Hunter, Charlotte E. Pelekanou, Antony Adamson, 25759 Coronavirus hemagglutinin-esterase and spike Polly Downton, Nichola J. Barron, Thomas Cornfield, Toryn M. proteins coevolve for functional balance and Poolman, Neil Humphreys, Peter S. Cunningham, Leanne Hodson, Andrew S. I. Loudon, Mudassar Iqbal, David A. optimal virion avidity Bechtold, and David W. Ray Yifei Lang, Wentao Li, Zeshi Li, Danielle Koerhuis, Arthur C. S. van den Burg, Erik Rozemuller, Berend-Jan Bosch, Frank J. M. van Kuppeveld, Geert-Jan Boons, Eric G. Huizinga, Hilde M. PLANT BIOLOGY van der Schaar, and Raoul J. de Groot 25880 EPSIN1 and MTV1 define functionally overlapping 25771 Characterization of alkylguaiacol-degrading cytochromes but molecularly distinct trans-Golgi network P450 for the biocatalytic valorization of lignin subdomains in Arabidopsis Morgan M. Fetherolf, David J. Levy-Booth, Laura E. Navas, Jie Laura Heinze, Nina Freimuth, Ann-Kathrin Ro¨ßling, Liu, Jason C. Grigg, Andrew Wilson, Rui Katahira, Gregg T. Reni Hahnke, Sarah Riebschla¨ger, Anja Fro¨hlich, Beckham, William W. Mohn, and Lindsay D. Eltis Arun Sampathkumar, Heather E. McFarlane, 25779 Myristate can be used as a carbon and energy source and Michael Sauer for the asymbiotic growth of arbuscular 25890 The dependency of red Rubisco on its cognate mycorrhizal fungi activase for enhancing plant photosynthesis Yuta Sugiura, Rei Akiyama, Sachiko Tanaka, Koji Yano, Hiromu and growth Kameoka, Shiori Marui, Masanori Saito, Masayoshi Kawaguchi, Laura H. Gunn, Elena Martin Avila, Rosemary Birch, Kohki Akiyama, and Katsuharu Saito and Spencer M. Whitney

Contents PNAS u October 13, 2020 u vol. 117 u no. 41 u vii Downloaded by guest on September 29, 2021 POPULATION BIOLOGY CORRECTIONS 25897 Transmission dynamics reveal the impracticality of COVID-19 herd immunity strategies ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, Tobias S. Brett and Pejman Rohani AND PLANETARY SCIENCES 25904 Modeling between-population variation in COVID-19 25942 Identifying airborne transmission as the dominant dynamics in Hubei, Lombardy, and New York City route for the spread of COVID-19 Bryan Wilder, Marie Charpignon, Jackson A. Killian, Han-Ching Renyi Zhang, Yixin Li, Annie L. Zhang, Yuan Wang, Ou, Aditya Mate, Shahin Jabbari, Andrew Perrault, Angel N. and Mario J. Molina Desai, Milind Tambe, and Maimuna S. Majumder BIOPHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY PSYCHOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES 25944 Direct label-free imaging of nanodomains in 25911 Compulsivity is linked to reduced adolescent biomimetic and biological membranes by development of goal-directed control and cryogenic electron microscopy frontostriatal functional connectivity Frederick A. Heberle, Milka Doktorova, Haden L. Scott, Allison Matilde M. Vaghi, Michael Moutoussis, Frantisek Va´sa, Rogier D. Skinkle, M. Neal Waxham, and Ilya Levental A. Kievit, Tobias U. Hauser, Petra E. Ve´rtes, Nitzan Shahar, Rafael Romero-Garcia, Manfred G. Kitzbichler, Edward T. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Bullmore, NSPN Consortium, and Raymond J. Dolan 25945 A global-level assessment of the effectiveness of 25923 Different mechanisms underlie implicit visual protected areas at resisting anthropogenic pressures statistical learning in honey bees and humans Jonas Geldmann, Andrea Manica, Neil D. Burgess, Lauren Aurore Avargue`s-Weber, Valerie Finke, Ma´rton Nagy, Tunde Coad, and Andrew Balmford Szabo´, Daniele d’Amaro, Adrian G. Dyer, and Jo´zsef Fiser 25935 An expert advantage in detecting unfamiliar visual MEDICAL SCIENCES signals in noise 25946 Long-term neurocognitive benefits of FLASH Zahra Hussain radiotherapy driven by reduced reactive oxygen species SYSTEMS BIOLOGY Pierre Montay-Gruel, Munjal M. Acharya, Kristoffer Petersson, Leila Alikhani, Chakradhar Yakkala, Barrett D. Allen, 25434 On the accuracy of official Chinese crop production Jonathan Ollivier, Benoit Petit, Patrik Gonc¸alves Jorge, data: Evidence from biophysical indexes of net Amber R. Syage, Thuan A. Nguyen, Al Anoud D. Baddour, primary production Celine Lu, Paramvir Singh, Raphael Moeckli, Franc¸ois Bochud, Gengyuan Liu, Xueqi Wang, Giovanni Baiocchi, Marco Jean-Franc¸ois Germond, Pascal Froidevaux, Claude Bailat, Casazza, Fanxin Meng, Yanpeng Cai, Yan Hao, Feng Wu, Jean Bourhis, Marie-Catherine Vozenin, and Zhifeng Yang and Charles L. Limoli

viii u www.pnas.org Contents Downloaded by guest on September 29, 2021