Τραγwδούμενα. EDICIÓN CRÍTICA, TRADUCCIÓN Y COMENTARIO DE LOS FRAGMENTOS ATRIBUIDOS a ASCLEPÍADES DE TRAGILO

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Τραγwδούμενα. EDICIÓN CRÍTICA, TRADUCCIÓN Y COMENTARIO DE LOS FRAGMENTOS ATRIBUIDOS a ASCLEPÍADES DE TRAGILO Tesis doctoral Τραγwδούμενα. EDICIÓN CRÍTICA, TRADUCCIÓN Y COMENTARIO DE LOS FRAGMENTOS ATRIBUIDOS A ASCLEPÍADES DE TRAGILO Nereida Villagra Hidalgo Τραγῳδούμενα. EDICIÓN CRÍTICA, TRADUCCIÓN Y COMENTARIO DE LOS FRAGMENTOS ATRIBUIDOS A ASCLEPÍADES DE TRAGILO ÍNDICE AGRADECIMIENTOS ........................................................................................................................ III PRÓLOGO ...................................................................................................................................... IV INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................................................... V 1. Los Τραγῳδούμενα y Asclepíades de Tragilo ............................................................ V 2. Ediciones anteriores de Asclepíades de Tragilo ..................................................... VI 3. El problema de las citas y los textos fuente .......................................................... IX 4. Nuestra edición de los Τραγῳδούμενα ................................................................... XX TESTIMONIA ................................................................................................................................... 3 FRAGMENTA Fragmento 1: Glauco ............................................................................................................ 7 Fragmento 2: La paloma de los argonautas .................................................................... 16 Fragmento 3: Ixión ............................................................................................................. 20 Fragmento 4: Disaules autóctono .................................................................................... 29 Fragmento 5: Reso .............................................................................................................. 35 Fragmento 6: Orfeo y sus hermanos ................................................................................ 40 Fragmento 7: El enigma de la Esfinge ............................................................................. 55 Fragmento 8: Melanipo ..................................................................................................... 64 Fragmento 9: La esclavitud de Apolo en el palacio de Admeto ................................... 68 Fragmento 10: Támiris y las Musas ................................................................................. 75 Fragmento 11: Némesis y Zeus ......................................................................................... 85 Fragmento 12: El pastor que crió a Paris ........................................................................ 89 Fragmento 13: Belerofontes y Pégaso ............................................................................. 94 Fragmento 14: Las lemnias ............................................................................................. 105 Fragmento 15: La muerte de Neoptólemo .................................................................... 116 Fragmento 16: Argos Panoptes ...................................................................................... 124 Fragmento 17: Creta esposa de Minos ........................................................................... 137 Fragmento 18: Las nodrizas de Dioniso ......................................................................... 142 Fragmento 19: El origen del ciprés ................................................................................ 154 Fragmento 20: Las brujas Tesalias ................................................................................. 162 Fragmento 21: Los hijos de Neleo .................................................................................. 169 Fragmento 22: Fineo ........................................................................................................ 173 Fragmento 23: Neoptólemo y Hermíone ...................................................................... 180 Fragmento 24: Hécabe ..................................................................................................... 186 Fragmento 25: La muerte de Orestes ............................................................................. 189 Fragmento 26: Tres Eolos ................................................................................................ 195 Fragmento 27: La locura de Héracles ............................................................................ 202 Fragmento 28: Fedra e Hipólito ...................................................................................... 209 Fragmento 29: Anfiarao, Adrasto y Erífile .................................................................... 214 Fragmento 30: Tántalo .................................................................................................... 221 Fragmento 31: Jasón, los argonautas y Fineo ............................................................... 226 Fragmento 32: Arsínoe o Coronis ................................................................................... 234 APÉNDICE: OTROS POSIBLES FRAGMENTOS Fragmento 33 .................................................................................................................... 243 Fragmento 34 .................................................................................................................... 244 Fragmento 35 .................................................................................................................... 248 Fragmento 36 .................................................................................................................... 249 Fragmento 37 .................................................................................................................... 251 BIBLIOGRAFÍA ............................................................................................................................. 256 AGRADECIMIENTOS Después de estos cinco años de tesis, tengo mucho que agradecerle a mucha gente, cosa que no sé hasta qué punto es positiva o negativa. Pero, ya que sobre Asclepíades mis conclusiones son negativas, de esto haré una lectura positiva. Por supuesto, quiero empezar por mis directores de tesis, Paco y Jordi. Gracias por la confianza y por la libertad de dejarme encontrar un camino propio. Y por el buen humor, porque con un poco de alegría (y algún american cocktail), la crítica textual se hace mucho más interesante. Quiero expresar un enorme agradecimiento hacia los ―buffetaires‖, brillante apelativo con el que profesor Cors bautizó a los participantes de los Buffets Mitográficos. Muchísimas gracias al organizador y a los participantes, Jordi, Paco, Jordi Cors, Roseli, Pepa, Carlos, Dani, Marta, Joan, Antònia, Raül, Adrià, Privat. Estos seminarios han sido para mí una oportunidad valiosísima de compartir mis dudas textuales y mitográficas y recibir opiniones de investigadores de primera fila. Muchísimas gracias a los profesores Rösler, Baumgarten, Fowler y Delattre por haberme recibido en sus departamentos. No puedo olvidar a mis compañeros becarios tesinandos (algunos ya doctores) y buenos amigos con los que he pasado grandes momentos dentro y fuera de la Universidad: Ainoa, Dani y Txell. Y al resto de compañeros con los que nos embarcamos en la aventura de la organización de las JIP, Arnald, Gerard, Kasia, Ainoa, Joan, Dani, Roger, Raúl. Y por supuesto agradezco de corazón el apoyo, la paciencia y los ánimos que mi familia y mis amigos me han brindado todo este tiempo. Sin ellos no sé qué habría sido de mí. III PRÓLOGO Al iniciar mi trabajo de tesis doctoral, no me imaginaba las enormes implicaciones metodológicas y casi filosóficas que iba a tener para mí el hecho de trabajar con un texto fragmentario. La primera ojeada a las páginas de la edición de Asclepíades de Jacoby me creó la ilusión de que estaba ante un texto ―fácil‖. Después de la lectura, traducción y edición preliminar, que constituyeron mi trabajo de investigación, se había disipado por completo esa impresión de sencillez: nos habíamos sumergido de lleno en la problemática de qué es un fragmento, cómo delimitarlo, qué información sobre el texto de los Tragodumena nos podía aportar o cómo reconstruir un texto que no es más que la vana sombra de un nombre. Probablemente exageraría si dijera que he pasado muchas noches de desvelo pensando en si οὕτω abre realmente una cita literal, si ἀλλως separa nítidamente porciones de texto (o de información) de procedencia diversa, o dónde está la frontera entre la reformulación del escoliasta- comentarista y el comentario exegético, así como otras muchas cuestiones enjundiosas. Gracias a los dioses, suelo dormir bien. Pero no es una exageración si les confieso que he pasado muchas horas leyendo y releyendo escolios con la ingenua voluntad de poner un poco de orden, arrojar un poco de luz, encontrar un hilo del que empezar a estirar, sintiendo que mis neuronas corrían de un lado a otro totalmente desorientadas. Dudo que haya conseguido arrojar algo de claridad al agujero negro de la transmisión textual de escolios. Pero espero haber encontrado algunas hebras, mínimas, que anuncian un final tragicómico: después de todos estos años, esto no ha hecho más que empezar. IV INTRODUCCIÓN1 1. LOS Τραγῳδούμενα Y ASCLEPÍADES DE TRAGILO Cuatro testimonios nos informan de la existencia de un Asclepíades de Tragilo, polis griega situada en Tracia en la región de Bisaltía,2 que compuso una obra en prosa titulada Τραγῳδούμενα en seis libros. También nos cuentan que fue
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