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Kukruse A-Kategooria Jäätmehoidla Korrastamise Keskkonnamõju Hindamine (Kmh)

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Kukruse A-Kategooria Jäätmehoidla Korrastamise Keskkonnamõju Hindamine (Kmh) KUKRUSE A-KATEGOORIA JÄÄTMEHOIDLA KORRASTAMISE KESKKONNAMÕJU HINDAMINE (KMH) Aruande eelnõu 03.08.2015 Tellija: Keskkonnaministeerium Töö koostaja: Alkranel OÜ, Infragate Eesti AS, IPT projektijuhtimine OÜ KMH töörühma juht: Alar Noorvee (litsents nr KMH 0098) Tartu 2014 - 2015 2 Kukruse A-kategooria jäätmehoidla korrastamise keskkonnamõju hindamine. Aruande eelnõu. OÜ Alkranel, Infragate Eesti AS, IPT Projektijuhtimine OÜ, 2014-2015 Sisukord SISSEJUHATUS ............................................................................................................................................. 5 1. ÜLDOSA ................................................................................................................................................ 7 1.1 KAVANDATAVA TEGEVUSE ASUKOHT , EESMÄRK JA ÕIGUSLIK ALUS ......................................................... 7 1.2. ÜLEVAADE TEGEVUSE ÕIGUSLIKEST ALUSTEST NING PIIRKONNA ARENGUDOKUMENTIDEST ................ 8 2. OLEMASOLEVA OLUKORRA ÜLEVAADE JA MÕJUTATAVA KESKKONNA KIRJELDUS .. 9 2.1 KAVANDATAVA TEGEVUSE MÕJUALA ÜLDKIRJELDUS ............................................................................... 9 2.2 JÄÄTMEHOIDLA TEHNILINE SEISUND NING AJALUGU ............................................................................... 10 2.3 MÄE SEES TOIMUVAD FÜÜSIKALIS -KEEMILISED PROTSESSID ................................................................... 12 2.3.1 Iseeneslik kuumenemine ................................................................................................................ 12 2.3.2 Põlemine ........................................................................................................................................ 14 2.3.3 Utmine ........................................................................................................................................... 15 2.4 LADESTATUD JÄÄTMETE ISELOOMUSTUS ................................................................................................ 17 2.4.1 Tsoon I - täide ja peamiselt lubjakivist koosnev termilise muundumiseta aheraine ...................... 19 2.4.2 Tsoon II - karbonaatne põlenud-oksüdeerunud materjal .............................................................. 19 2.4.3 Tsoon III – utmisjääk koos utmissaadustega ................................................................................. 22 2.4.4 Tsoon IV - kuumenemistunnusteta aheraine ja peenpõlevkivi ....................................................... 28 2.4.5 Tsoon V - pindmine kasvukiht ....................................................................................................... 31 2.5 ALA MAASTIKULINE , GEOLOOGILINE JA HÜDROGEOLOOGILINE ISELOOMUSTUS ...................................... 31 2.6 PINNA - JA PÕHJAVEE SEISUND ................................................................................................................. 33 2.6.1 Põhjavesi ....................................................................................................................................... 33 2.6.2 Pinnavesi ....................................................................................................................................... 38 2.7 KLIMAATILISED TINGIMUSED .................................................................................................................. 39 2.8 ÕHUKVALITEET ....................................................................................................................................... 40 2.9 ELUSTIK JA ÖKOSÜSTEEMID ..................................................................................................................... 45 2.10 PIIRKONNA ASUSTATUS JA AVALIK HUVI SEOSES AHERAINEMÄEGA NING KULTUURIPÄRANDI KÜSIMUSED ....................................................................................................................................................... 45 3. KAVANDATAV TEGEVUS JA SELLE ALTERNATIIVID............................................................. 48 3.1 ALTERNATIIV I – KUKRUSE A-KATEGOORIA JÄÄTMEHOIDLASSE LADESTATUD MATERJALI TÄIELIK VÕI OSALINE TEISALDAMINE .................................................................................................................................... 48 3.1.1 Variant 1 - mäe täielik äravedu ..................................................................................................... 48 3.1.2 Variant 2 – mäe osaline äravedu ja allesjäänud keskkonna-ohutust materjalist uue mäe kujundamine olemasoleva kõrvale ............................................................................................................... 50 3.1.3 Variant 3 – mäe minimaalne äravedu ning allesjäänud materjalist uue mäe kujundamine olemasoleva kõrvale .................................................................................................................................... 54 3.2 ALTERNATIIV II – KUKRUSE AHERAINEMÄE KATMINE ............................................................................ 56 3.3 0-ALTERNATIIV – OLEMASOLEVA OLUKORRA JÄTKUMINE ....................................................................... 59 4. KAVANDATAVA TEGEVUSE JA SELLE ALTERNATIIVIDEGA KAASNEVA KESKKONNAMÕJU ANALÜÜS JA LEEVENDAVAD MEETMED ....................................................... 60 4.1 TEOSTATUD UURINGUD JA OLEMASOLEVA INFORMATSIOONI PIISAVUS ................................................... 60 4.2 VEEKESKOND JA PINNAS .......................................................................................................................... 60 4.2.1 Mõju põhjavee seisundile .............................................................................................................. 60 4.2.2 Mõju pinnavee seisundile .............................................................................................................. 64 4.2.3 Mõju pinnasele .............................................................................................................................. 66 4.3 ENDISE KUKRUSE KAEVANDUSE MÕJU JÄÄTMEHOIDLA KORRASTAMISELE ............................................. 67 4.4 KORRASTAMISE AEGNE LIIKLUSKORRALDUS JA -OHUTUS ....................................................................... 68 4.5 MÜRA JA VIBRATSIOONI MÕJUD (KORRASTAMISE AEGSED ) ..................................................................... 74 4.6 MÕJU VÄLISÕHUKVALITEEDILE (VÄLISÕHUSAASTE JA LÕHN , SOOJUS , KLIIMA )....................................... 78 4.6.1 Saasteainete välisõhu saastatuse taseme hindamine Kukruse aherainemäe lähipiirkonnast (null- alternatiiv) ................................................................................................................................................... 78 4.6.2 Korrastamistööde aegne õhusaaste ............................................................................................... 84 4.7 MÕJU MAAKASUTUSELE .......................................................................................................................... 90 4.8 MÕJU ELUSTIKULE JA ÖKOSÜSTEEMIDELE ............................................................................................... 92 3 Kukruse A-kategooria jäätmehoidla korrastamise keskkonnamõju hindamine. Aruande eelnõu. OÜ Alkranel, Infragate Eesti AS, IPT Projektijuhtimine OÜ, 2014-2015 4.9 MÕJU LOODUSVARADE (SH MAAVARADE ) KASUTAMISE OTSTARBEKUSELE JA VASTAVUS SÄÄSTVA ARENGU PÕHIMÕTETELE , KORRASTAMISE TEHNILISED KÜSIMUSED (SH JÄÄTMETEKE ) ................................................... 93 4.9.1 Aherainemäes sisalduvate materjalide kasutamine ....................................................................... 93 4.9.2 Ressursside tarbimine aherainemäe korrastamisel ....................................................................... 94 4.10 MÕJU SOTSIAAL -MAJANDUSLIKULE KESKKONNALE ........................................................................... 96 4.10.1 Kultuuripärand (sh maastikuilme) ja avalik huvi aherainemäe osas ning mäe kasutusvõimalused pärast sulgemist ........................................................................................................................................... 96 4.10.2 Jäätmehoidla korrastamise maksumus ja tasuvus, hoolduskulud ............................................. 99 4.11 MÕJUD INIMESTE HEAOLULE , VARALE JA TERVISELE ........................................................................ 100 4.12 KESKKONNARISKE VÄHENDAVAD MEETMED JÄÄTMEHOIDLA KORRASTAMISEL ............................... 103 5. ALTERNATIIVIDE VÕRDLEMINE, SOBIVAIMA ALTERNATIIVI VALIK ............................ 107 6. SEIREMEETMED KESKKONNASEISUNDI JÄLGIMISEKS ..................................................... 111 7. AVALIKKUSE KAASAMINE NING ÜLEVAADE RASKUSTEST, MIS ILMNESID KSH PROTSESSIS .............................................................................................................................................. 113 8. ARUANDE HINDAMISTULEMUSTE LÜHIKOKKUVÕTE ........................................................ 114 KASUTATUD MATERJALID .................................................................................................................. 125 LISAD: Lisa 1. Keskkonnamõju hindamise programm Lisa 2. Keskkonnamõju hindamise programmi heakskiit Lisa 3. IPT Projektijuhtimine OÜ poolt 2015.a teostatud Kukruse A-kategooria jäätmehoidla korrastamise ettevalmistava projekti koostamise uuringute aruanne Lisa 4. Infragate Eesti AS poolt 2015.a poolt koostatud Kukruse A-kategooria jäätmehoidla korrastamiseks
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