Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Guide to Users Background What is the summary for and where does it come from? This summary has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System.

It highlights important elements of the biodiversity of the region in two ways:

• Listing species which may be significant for management because they are found only in the region, mainly in the region, or they have a conservation status such as endangered or vulnerable.

• Comparing the region to other parts of Australia in terms of the composition and distribution of its species, to suggest components of its biodiversity which may be nationally significant.

The summary was produced using the Australian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA.

Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. The list of families covered in ANHAT is shown in Appendix 1. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are are not not included included in the in the summary.

• The data used for this summary come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. The summary summarises the input data, so errors found in the original data would also be reflected in this summary.

• The scientific names and taxonomic concepts used in this report reflect an ANHAT view of the data and not necessarily that found in government censuses, databases or other authoritative lists.

Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 1 of 73 21-Jan-11 Reading the Biodiversity Summary The summary is divided into two sections: Highlightsand Species List. Highlights section This section draws attention to species of special interest, or characteristics of the biodiversity in the region which rate very highly compared to the rest of Australia.

It contains the following:

• Total number of nationally rare and threatened species found in the region and listed under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act.

• A list of families which have a very high level of species richness or endemism compared to the rest of Australia.

- Species richness counts the number of different species found in a given area.

- Endemism estimates the degree to which species found in a given area have small geographic ranges. The smaller the range of a species, the more it contributes to the endemism score.

In this summary, a threshold value of 2% was used. This means that compared to the rest of the country, the families listed in the summary may have a significant focus of diversity here, because all or part of the region has richness or endemism scores within the top 2% of areas in Australia.

• A count of the number of species which have more than 50% of their recorded range within the region. If a species shows a value of 100% it indicates its distribution is restricted to that particular region as all the available records are in that region.

Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 2 of 73 21-Jan-11 Species List section This section shows species which may be significant for biodiversity management in the region because:

• they are listed in the EPBC Act as critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, or conservation dependent;

• their distribution lies entirely or primarily within the region.

For each plant or animal family listed, this section also gives the total number of species in the country, and how many of them are found in the region.

Note that this list covers species in the families listed in Appendix 1.

Many species found in the region will not be listed because they don’t meet either of the two criteria above. The aim of providing a selected species list is to narrow the view from a very large number of species, to those which may be a focus of conservation activity in the region. Species which are largely restricted to the region may not have any conservation concerns, but may deserve attention because their future lies with the region and those who manage it.

A list of all species in the region belonging to the families listed in Appendix 1 is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html

Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 3 of 73 21-Jan-11 Biodiversity Summary for NRM Region Northern Rivers, New South Wales

This summary was produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities using the Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool (ANHAT). ANHAT is a database and decision support tool which uses over 33 million specimen and survey records for vertebrates, selected invertebrates and 137 vascular plant families (over 15,000 species). This Biodiversity Summary does not include exotic or extinct species.

Highlights

Species Restricted to this Region

The proportion of sampled range (%) as shown in the Species List is an indication of the distribution of the species in the region in relation to other parts of Australia.

There are 667 species with greater than 50% of their recorded range in the region. Of these species, 304 species have 100% of their recorded range in the region.

See the Species List for details.

Threatened species (Enviroment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act)

Total number of threatened species (Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act) in this region which belong to the families covered by this Biodiversity Summary (Appendix 1) 3 species declared as critically endangered 54 species declared as endangered 100 species declared as vulnerable 1 species declared as conservation dependent

Species Richness Compared to the rest of Australia parts of this region show a high level of richness for the following families. This means that the number of species in these families is in the top 2% compared to the rest of the country.

Vertebrate fauna - Family Acanthizidae - Scrubwrens, Thornbills and Allies - Family Artamidae - Butcherbirds, Currawongs and Woodswallows - Family Atherinidae - Hardyheads, Silversides, Whitebait - Family Atrichornithidae - Scrub-birds - Family Campephagidae - Cuckoo-shrikes, Trillers and Minivets - Family Chelidae - Side-necked Tortoises Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 4 of 73 21-Jan-11 - Family Climacteridae - Treecreepers - Family Corvidae - Crows and Jays - Family Dasyuridae - Dasyurids (Quolls, Antechinus, Dunnarts and Allies) - Family Elapidae - Front fang snakes - Family Eleotridae - Gudgeons, Sleepers - Family Enoplosidae - Oldwife - Family Gobiidae - Gobies - Family Hemiramphidae - Garfishes, Halfbeaks - Family Hirundinidae - Swallows and Martins - Family Hylidae - Tree-Frogs - Family Kyphosidae - Drummers, Halfmoons, Knifefishes, Microcanthids, Nib - Family Macropodidae - Wallabies, Kangaroos and Tree-kangaroos - Family Melanotaeniidae - Rainbowfishes - Family Meliphagidae - Honeyeaters and Australian Chats - Family Menuridae - Lyrebirds - Family Molossidae - Free-tailed Bats - Family Mugilidae - Mullets - Family Muridae - Rats and Mice - Family Myobatrachidae - Myobatrachid or Southern Frogs - Family Pomatomidae - Bluefish, Tailor - Family Ptilonorhynchidae - Bowerbirds - Family Scincidae - Skinks - Family Serranidae - Basslets, Perchlets, Rockcods, Wirrahs - Family Soleidae - Soles - Family Typhlopidae - Worm-snakes and Blind-Snakes - Family Vespertilionidae - Vespertilionid Bats Invertebrate fauna - Family Acanthosomatidae - Shield Bugs - Family Achatinellidae - Conical-shelled Land Snails - Family Achilidae - - Family Actinopodidae - Two-doored Trapdoor Spiders - Family Anthocoridae - - Family Apidae - Social Bees - Family Aradidae - Flat bugs, Bark bugs - Family Artheneidae - - Family Asilidae - Robber Flies - Family Athoracophoridae - Triangular Mantled Slugs - Family Austrocorduliidae - Hawk, Mosquitohawk and Swiftwing Dragonflies - Family Barychelidae - Brush-footed Trapdoor Spiders - Family Camaenidae - Camaenid Land Snails - Family Carabidae - Ground Beetles - Family Caryodidae - Giant Land Snails - Family Cerastuidae - Land Snails - Family Charopidae - Flattened and Turbinate Land Snails - Family Cicadidae - - Family Coenagrionidae - Bluetail and Thin Damselflies - Family Cordulephyidae - Shutwing Dragonflies - Family Coreidae - - Family Cydnidae - Burrower Bugs - Family Cystopeltidae - Australian "Half" Slugs Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 5 of 73 21-Jan-11 - Family Dinidoridae - - Family Diphlebiidae - Rockmaster Damselflies - Family Diplommatinidae - Circular Operculate Land Snails - Family Dipluridae - Funnel-web-like Spiders - Family Dipsocoridae - - Family Ellobiidae - Primitive Supralittoral Pulmonate Snails - Family Formicidae - Ants - Family Gelastocoridae - Toad Bugs - Family Geocoridae - - Family Gerridae - Water-striders - Family Gomphidae - Dragon, Hunter and Vicetail Dragonflies - Family Halictidae - - Family Helicarionidae - Helicarionid Land Snails - Family Hemicorduliidae - Emerald and Swamp Emerald Dragonflies - Family Hesperiidae - Skippers, flats, awls & darts - Family Hexathelidae - Funnel-web Spiders - Family Hydrocenidae - Calcareous Operculate Land Snails - Family Hydrometridae - Marsh Treaders, Water Measurers - Family Hydrophilidae - Water Beetle - Family Hyriidae - Freshwater Mussels - Family Idiopidae - Trapdoor Spiders - Family Isostictidae - Wiretail and Pin Damselflies - Family Largidae - - Family Lestidae - Ringtail, Reedling and Dusky Spreadwing Damselflies - Family Libellulidae - Perchers, Archtails and other Dragonflies - Family Lycaenidae - Blues, Coppers, Hairstreaks and Metalmarks - Family Lycosidae - Wolf Spiders - Family Lygaeidae - - Family Megapodagrionidae - Flatwing Damselflies - Family Miridae - Miridae - Family Nemesiidae - Funnel-web Spiders - Family Nymphalidae - Browns, Nymphs, Danaines - Family Ochteridae - Velvety Shore Bugs - Family Oxycarenidae - - Family Pachygronthidae - - Family Papilionidae - Swallowtails - Family Peloridiidae - Moss Bugs - Family Pentatomidae - Stinkbugs - Family Petaluridae - Petaltail Dragonflies - Family Pieridae - Whites and Yellows - Family Pleidae - Pygmy Backswimmers - Family Psyllidae - - Family Punctidae - Translucent Frosted Land Snails - Family Pupillidae - Pupa-shaped Shelled Land Snails - Family Pupinidae - Glossy and Porcellaneous Operculate Land Snails - Family Reduviidae - Assassin Bugs - Family Rhinotermitidae - Termite - Family Rhyparochromidae - Seed Bugs - Family Rhytididae - Carnivorous Land Snails - Family Scutelleridae -

Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 6 of 73 21-Jan-11 - Family Sigalionidae - scale worm - Family Subulinidae - Elongate Land Snails - Family Synlestidae - Whitetip and Needle Damselflies - Family Synthemistidae - Spottail and Tigertail Dragonflies - Family Talitridae - sandfleas, sandhoppers, landhoppers - Family Telephlebiidae - Darner Dragonflies - Family Termopsidae - Termite - Family Tessaratomidae - - Family Thaumastocoridae - - Family Therevidae - Stiletto Flies - Family Tingidae - Lacebugs - Family Urothemistidae - Basker, Pennant and Baron Dragonflies - Family Veliidae - Small Water Striders, Riffle Bugs Vascular flora - Family Akaniaceae - Turnip Wood - Family Araceae - Settlers Flax, Cunjevoi, Native Lilies - Family Araucariaceae - Araucaria Pines - Family Asphodelaceae - Native Leek - Family Asteliaceae - Palm-Lilies and Allies - Family Asteraceae - Daisies and Allies - Family Atherospermataceae - - Family Cunoniaceae - Christmas Bushes and Mararas - Family Cupressaceae - Native Cypress - Family Cyperaceae - Sedges - Family Ericaceae - Heathers and Rhododendrons - Family Euphorbiaceae - Spurges - Family Eupomatiaceae - Bolwarra - Family Fabaceae - Peas - Family Hemerocallidaceae - - Family Lauraceae - Laurels, Camphorwood and Australian Walnuts - Family Meliaceae - Rosewoods and Mahoganies - Family Menispermaceae - Snake, Round-leaf and Pearl Vines - Family Monimiaceae - Sassafras, Beech - Family Myrtaceae - Native Myrtles - Family Orchidaceae - Orchids - Family Petermanniaceae - - Family Phytolaccaceae - Introduced Monococcus - Family Picrodendraceae - - Family Podocarpaceae - Podocarp Pines - Family Restionaceae - Restiona Sedges - Family Ripogonaceae - - Family Rutaceae - Boronia, Correa, Citrus, Phebalium, Philotheca, Zieria an - Family Sapindaceae - Tamarind, Whitewood, Tuckeroo, Hop Bushes - Family Simaroubaceae - Native Plum and Allies - Family Solanaceae - Native Gooseberries, Wild Tomatos and Boxthorns - Family Sterculiaceae - Kurrajongs and Bottletrees - Family Thymelaeaceae - Pimeleas - Family Trimeniaceae - Trimenia - Family Winteraceae - Pepper Trees - Family Zamiaceae - Native Cycads Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 7 of 73 21-Jan-11 Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 8 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endemism Compared to the rest of Australia parts of this region show a high level of endemism for the following families, placing them in the top 2% compared to the rest of the country.

Vertebrate fauna - Family Atrichornithidae - Scrub-birds - Family Campephagidae - Cuckoo-shrikes, Trillers and Minivets - Family Chelidae - Side-necked Tortoises - Family Climacteridae - Treecreepers - Family Corvidae - Crows and Jays - Family Enoplosidae - Oldwife - Family Eupetidae - Whipbirds, Quail-thrushes and Jewel-babblers - Family Gekkonidae - Geckos - Family Gobiidae - Gobies - Family Hemiramphidae - Garfishes, Halfbeaks - Family Hylidae - Tree-Frogs - Family Kyphosidae - Drummers, Halfmoons, Knifefishes, Microcanthids, Nib - Family Menuridae - Lyrebirds - Family Molossidae - Free-tailed Bats - Family Monacanthidae - Leatherjackets - Family Mugilidae - Mullets - Family Myobatrachidae - Myobatrachid or Southern Frogs - Family Pardalotidae - Pardalotes - Family Percichthyidae - Australian Freshwater Basses, Australian Freshwat - Family Pomatomidae - Bluefish, Tailor - Family Scincidae - Skinks - Family Serranidae - Basslets, Perchlets, Rockcods, Wirrahs - Family Sillaginidae - Sillagos, Whitings - Family Soleidae - Soles - Family Tetrarogidae - Fortesques, Sailback Scorpionfishes, Waspfish - Family Vespertilionidae - Vespertilionid Bats Invertebrate fauna - Family Acanthosomatidae - Shield Bugs - Family Achilidae - - Family Anthocoridae - - Family Apidae - Social Bees - Family Aradidae - Flat bugs, Bark bugs - Family Artheneidae - - Family Asilidae - Robber Flies - Family Athoracophoridae - Triangular Mantled Slugs - Family Austrocorduliidae - Hawk, Mosquitohawk and Swiftwing Dragonflies - Family Belostomatidae - - Family Camaenidae - Camaenid Land Snails - Family Carabidae - Ground Beetles - Family Caryodidae - Giant Land Snails - Family Cerastuidae - Land Snails - Family Charopidae - Flattened and Turbinate Land Snails

Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 9 of 73 21-Jan-11 - Family Cicadidae - - Family Coenagrionidae - Bluetail and Thin Damselflies - Family Cordulephyidae - Shutwing Dragonflies - Family Coreidae - - Family Corixidae - Waterboatmen - Family Cryptorhamphidae - - Family Cydnidae - Burrower Bugs - Family Cymidae - - Family Cystopeltidae - Australian "Half" Slugs - Family Dinidoridae - - Family Diphlebiidae - Rockmaster Damselflies - Family Diplommatinidae - Circular Operculate Land Snails - Family Dipluridae - Funnel-web-like Spiders - Family Dipsocoridae - - Family Dytiscidae - Dytiscidine Water Beetles - Family Ellobiidae - Primitive Supralittoral Pulmonate Snails - Family Formicidae - Ants - Family Gelastocoridae - Toad Bugs - Family Geocoridae - - Family Glacidorbidae - Freshwater Snails - Family Halictidae - - Family Helicarionidae - Helicarionid Land Snails - Family Hemicorduliidae - Emerald and Swamp Emerald Dragonflies - Family Hesperiidae - Skippers, flats, awls & darts - Family Hexathelidae - Funnel-web Spiders - Family Hydrocenidae - Calcareous Operculate Land Snails - Family Hydrometridae - Marsh Treaders, Water Measurers - Family Hydrophilidae - Water Beetle - Family Hyriidae - Freshwater Mussels - Family Idiopidae - Trapdoor Spiders - Family Largidae - - Family Lestidae - Ringtail, Reedling and Dusky Spreadwing Damselflies - Family Libellulidae - Perchers, Archtails and other Dragonflies - Family Lycaenidae - Blues, Coppers, Hairstreaks and Metalmarks - Family Lycosidae - Wolf Spiders - Family Lygaeidae - - Family Megachilidae - - Family Megapodagrionidae - Flatwing Damselflies - Family Mesoveliidae - - Family Miridae - Miridae - Family Nemesiidae - Funnel-web Spiders - Family Notonectidae - Backswimmers - Family Nymphalidae - Browns, Nymphs, Danaines - Family Ochteridae - Velvety Shore Bugs - Family Oxycarenidae - - Family Pachygronthidae - - Family Papilionidae - Swallowtails - Family Peloridiidae - Moss Bugs - Family Pentatomidae - Stinkbugs - Family Petaluridae - Petaltail Dragonflies

Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 10 of 73 21-Jan-11 - Family Pieridae - Whites and Yellows - Family Planorbidae - Freshwater Snails - Family Pleidae - Pygmy Backswimmers - Family Psyllidae - - Family Punctidae - Translucent Frosted Land Snails - Family Pupillidae - Pupa-shaped Shelled Land Snails - Family Pupinidae - Glossy and Porcellaneous Operculate Land Snails - Family Pyrrhocoridae - - Family Reduviidae - Assassin Bugs - Family Rhinotermitidae - Termite - Family Rhyparochromidae - Seed Bugs - Family Rhytididae - Carnivorous Land Snails - Family Schizopteridae - - Family Scutelleridae - - Family Sigalionidae - scale worm - Family Sparassidae - Huntsmen Spiders (formerly Heteropodidae) - Family Subulinidae - Elongate Land Snails - Family Succineidae - Amber Land Snails - Family Synlestidae - Whitetip and Needle Damselflies - Family Synthemistidae - Spottail and Tigertail Dragonflies - Family Talitridae - sandfleas, sandhoppers, landhoppers - Family Telephlebiidae - Darner Dragonflies - Family Termopsidae - Termite - Family Tessaratomidae - - Family Thaumastocoridae - - Family Therevidae - Stiletto Flies - Family Tingidae - Lacebugs - Family Urothemistidae - Basker, Pennant and Baron Dragonflies - Family Veliidae - Small Water Striders, Riffle Bugs Vascular flora - Family Akaniaceae - Turnip Wood - Family Amaryllidaceae - - Family Araucariaceae - Araucaria Pines - Family Asphodelaceae - Native Leek - Family Asteliaceae - Palm-Lilies and Allies - Family Asteraceae - Daisies and Allies - Family Atherospermataceae - - Family Casuarinaceae - She-oaks - Family Cunoniaceae - Christmas Bushes and Mararas - Family Cupressaceae - Native Cypress - Family Cyperaceae - Sedges - Family Dilleniaceae - Guinea Flowers - Family Epacridaceae - Southern Heaths - Family Ericaceae - Heathers and Rhododendrons - Family Euphorbiaceae - Spurges - Family Eupomatiaceae - Bolwarra - Family Hypoxidaceae - Native Lilies - Family Juncaginaceae - Water Ribbons - Family Lauraceae - Laurels, Camphorwood and Australian Walnuts - Family Limeaceae - Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 11 of 73 21-Jan-11 - Family Luzuriagaceae - Orange and Turquoise Berries - Family Meliaceae - Rosewoods and Mahoganies - Family Menispermaceae - Snake, Round-leaf and Pearl Vines - Family Monimiaceae - Sassafras, Beech - Family Myrtaceae - Native Myrtles - Family Onagraceae - Water Primrose and Willowherbs - Family Orchidaceae - Orchids - Family Petermanniaceae - - Family Phytolaccaceae - Introduced Monococcus - Family Picrodendraceae - - Family Poaceae - Grasses - Family Podocarpaceae - Podocarp Pines - Family Potamogetonaceae - Sea Grasses and Horned Pondweeds, Pondw - Family Ripogonaceae - - Family Rutaceae - Boronia, Correa, Citrus, Phebalium, Philotheca, Zieria an - Family Sapindaceae - Tamarind, Whitewood, Tuckeroo, Hop Bushes - Family Scrophulariaceae - Figworts - Family Simaroubaceae - Native Plum and Allies - Family Solanaceae - Native Gooseberries, Wild Tomatos and Boxthorns - Family Sterculiaceae - Kurrajongs and Bottletrees - Family Thymelaeaceae - Pimeleas - Family Trimeniaceae - Trimenia - Family Winteraceae - Pepper Trees - Family Xyridaceae - Xyris Herbs - Family Zamiaceae - Native Cycads

Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW Page 12 of 73 21-Jan-11 Species List

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%.

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Vertebrate fauna Actinopterygii Clupeidae Herrings, Menhadens, (3 out of 11 species in Australia) Pilchards, Sardines, Shads, Sprats Potamalosa richmondia Australian freshwater herring 52 2008

Percichthyidae Australian Freshwater (6 out of 17 species in Australia) Basses, Australian Freshwater Blackfish, Australian Freshwater Cods, Temperate Seabasses Maccullochella ikei Clarence River Cod 100 2008 Nannoperca oxleyana Oxleyan Pygmy Perch Endangered 28 2005 This region rates highly for endemism of Percichthyidae.

Page 13 of 73 21-Jan-11 Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Amphibia Hylidae Tree-Frogs (37 out of 81 species in Australia) Litoria aurea Green and Golden Bell Frog Vulnerable 9 2009 Litoria barringtonensis Barrington Tree-frog 59 1992 Litoria booroolongensis Booroolong Frog Endangered 27 1977 Litoria castanea Yellow-Spotted Tree Frog Endangered 10 1972 Litoria olongburensis Wallum-sedge Frog Vulnerable 34 2009 Litoria pearsoniana Pearson's Green Tree Frog 52 2009 Litoria piperata New England Tree Frog Vulnerable 91 1999 Litoria revelata Revealed Frog 54 2009 Litoria rheocola Creek Frog Endangered 1 Litoria subglandulosa Squeaky-bed Frog 72 2009 Nyctimystes dayi Lace-eyed Tree Frog Endangered 1 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Hylidae.

Myobatrachidae Myobatrachid or (36 out of 121 species in Australia) Southern Frogs Assa darlingtoni Marsupial Frog 65 2009 Heleioporus australiacus Giant Burrowing Frog Vulnerable <1 1993 Lechriodus fletcheri Fletcher's Frog 56 2009 Mixophyes balbus Stuttering Frog Vulnerable 42 2009 Mixophyes fasciolatus Great Barred Frog 51 2010 Mixophyes fleayi Fleay's Barred Frog Endangered 32 2008 Mixophyes iteratus Giant Barred Frog Endangered 64 2010 Philoria kundagungan Mountain Frog 50 2001 Philoria loveridgei Loveridges Frog 77 2009 Philoria pughi Sphagnum Frog 100 2004 Philoria richmondensis Sphagnum Frog 100 2003 Philoria sphagnicolus Sphagnum Frog 88 2010 Pseudophryne coriacea Red-backed Toadlet 60 2010 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Myobatrachidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 14 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Aves Acanthizidae Scrubwrens, Thornbills (28 out of 43 species in Australia) and Allies Dasyornis brachypterus Eastern Bristlebird Endangered 15 2009 This region rates highly for richness of Acanthizidae.

Accipitridae Eagles, Hawks and Kites (18 out of 19 species in Australia) Erythrotriorchis radiatus Red Goshawk Vulnerable 12 2009

Atrichornithidae Scrub-birds (1 out of 2 species in Australia) Atrichornis rufescens Rufous Scrub-bird 73 2010 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Atrichornithidae.

Diomedeidae Albatrosses (4 out of 5 species in Australia) Diomedea exulans Wandering Albatross Vulnerable 6 2000

Maluridae Fairy-wrens and (7 out of 22 species in Australia) Grasswrens Stipiturus mallee Mallee Emu-wren Vulnerable 2 1986

Meliphagidae Honeyeaters and (41 out of 72 species in Australia) Australian Chats Xanthomyza phrygia Regent Honeyeater Endangered 6 2009 This region rates highly for richness of Meliphagidae.

Menuridae Lyrebirds (2 out of 2 species in Australia) Menura alberti Albert's Lyrebird 50 2009 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Menuridae.

Orthonychidae Logrunners (1 out of 2 species in Australia) Orthonyx temminckii Logrunner 51 2010

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 15 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Pardalotidae Pardalotes (4 out of 4 species in Australia) Pardalotus quadragintus Forty-spotted Pardalote Endangered 2 1995 This region rates highly for endemism of Pardalotidae.

Procellariidae Fulmars, Petrels, Prions (20 out of 22 species in Australia) and Shearwaters Halobaena caerulea Blue Petrel Vulnerable 1 1999 Macronectes giganteus Southern Giant-Petrel Endangered 3 2005 Macronectes halli Northern Giant-Petrel Vulnerable 5 2008 Pachyptila turtur Fairy Prion Vulnerable 4 2002 Pterodroma leucoptera Gould's Petrel Endangered 16 2000

Psittacidae Parrots (22 out of 39 species in Australia) Lathamus discolor Swift Parrot Endangered 4 2010 Neophema chrysogaster Orange-bellied Parrot Critically <1 1959 endangered Polytelis swainsonii Superb Parrot Vulnerable <1 1992

Rostratulidae Painted Snipe (1 out of 1 species in Australia) Rostratula benghalensis Painted Snipe Vulnerable 3 1995

Turnicidae Button-quail (5 out of 7 species in Australia) Turnix melanogaster Black-breasted Button-quail Vulnerable 11 2000

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 16 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Mammalia Dasyuridae Dasyurids (Quolls, (9 out of 55 species in Australia) Antechinus, Dunnarts and Allies) Dasyurus maculatus Spotted-tailed quoll Vulnerable 21 2010 This region rates highly for richness of Dasyuridae.

Macropodidae Wallabies, Kangaroos (11 out of 41 species in Australia) and Tree-kangaroos Macropus parma Parma wallaby 57 2009 Petrogale penicillata Brush-tailed rock-wallaby Vulnerable 23 2010 This region rates highly for richness of Macropodidae.

Megadermatidae False Vampire (Ghost) (1 out of 1 species in Australia) Bats Macroderma gigas Ghost bat Vulnerable <1 1993

Muridae Rats and Mice (11 out of 60 species in Australia) Pseudomys novaehollandiae New Holland mouse Vulnerable 22 2009 Pseudomys oralis Hastings River mouse Endangered 69 2009 This region rates highly for richness of Muridae.

Otariidae Eared Seals (1 out of 5 species in Australia) Arctocephalus tropicalis Subantarctic fur-seal Vulnerable 5 1996

Peramelidae Bandicoots and Spiny (4 out of 7 species in Australia) Bandicoot Isoodon obesulus Southern brown bandicoot Endangered <1 Perameles gunnii Eastern barred bandicoot Endangered <1 1974

Phocidae True Seals (2 out of 4 species in Australia) Mirounga leonina Southern elephant seal Vulnerable 2 1972

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 17 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Pteropodidae Fruit-bats and Allies (5 out of 11 species in Australia) Pteropus poliocephalus Grey-headed flying-fox Vulnerable 26 2010

Vespertilionidae Vespertilionid Bats (20 out of 37 species in Australia) Chalinolobus dwyeri Large pied bat Vulnerable 10 2009 Miniopterus schreibersii Bent-wing Bat Conservation 14 2010 dependent This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Vespertilionidae.

Reptilia Chelidae Side-necked Tortoises (4 out of 26 species in Australia) Elseya georgesi Turtle 100 2001 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Chelidae.

Elapidae Front fang snakes (29 out of 90 species in Australia) Hoplocephalus bungaroides Broad-headed Snake Vulnerable 1 1982 This region rates highly for richness of Elapidae.

Gekkonidae Geckos (10 out of 114 species in Australia) Saltuarius swaini Swains Leaf-tailed Gecko 62 2008 Underwoodisaurus sphyrurus Granite-belt Thick-tailed Gecko Vulnerable 2 2004 This region rates highly for endemism of Gekkonidae.

Scincidae Skinks (59 out of 393 species in Australia) Calyptotis ruficauda Red-tailed Hidden-eared Skink 67 2010 Coeranoscincus reticulatus Three-toed Snake-toothed Skink Vulnerable 41 1996 Egernia mcpheei Skink 70 2010 Eulamprus murrayi Murrays Rainforest Skink 63 2008 Harrisoniascincus zia Harrisons Skink 63 1995 Ophioscincus truncatus Short-limbed Snake-skink 56 2007 Saproscincus challengeri Challenger's Shade-skink 62 2009 Saproscincus oriarus Litorial Shade-skink 100 1999 Saproscincus rosei Roses Shade-skink 55 2004 Saproscincus spectabilis Gully Shade-skink 60 2008 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Scincidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 18 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Invertebrate fauna Araneae Barychelidae Brush-footed Trapdoor (2 out of 134 species in Australia) Spiders Seqocrypta mckeowni McKeowns Brush-footed Trapdoor 83 1985 This region rates highly for richness of Barychelidae.

Dipluridae Funnel-web-like Spiders (10 out of 40 species in Australia) Australothele bicuspidata New England Funnel-web 100 1972 Australothele montana Plateau Funnel-web 100 1980 Australothele nambucca Nambucca Funnel-web 100 1998 Carrai afoveolata Carrai Bat Cave Funnel-web 100 1980 Cethegus broomi Brooms Funnel-web 50 1980 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Dipluridae.

Hexathelidae Funnel-web Spiders (22 out of 75 species in Australia) Bymainiella lugubris New England Funnel-web 100 1980 Bymainiella polesoni Polesons Funnel-web 75 1974 Bymainiella src 0249 Dorrigo Plateau Funnel-web 100 1993 Hadronyche infensa Central Eastern Funnel-web 50 2000 Hadronyche ke Kerrewong Funnel-web 100 1982 Hadronyche la Richmond Funnel-web 100 1989 Hadronyche maq North Coast Funnel-web 58 1999 Hadronyche mot Yabbra Funnel-web 100 1993 Hadronyche src 0246 Goannna Creek Funnel-web 100 1993 Hadronyche src 0247 London Bridge Funnel-web 100 1993 Hadronyche src 0248 Boonoo Funnel-web 100 1993 Hadronyche valida Border Funnel-web 76 2001 Hadronyche wa Funnel-web Spider 58 1993 Hadronyche walkeri Walkers Funnel-web 50 1983 Paraembolides montisbossi Mount Boss Funnel-web 69 1993 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Hexathelidae.

Idiopidae Trapdoor Spiders (10 out of 153 species in Australia) Arbanitis q_e Echo Point Trapdoor 100 1992 Euoplos spinipes Einswold Trapdoor 50 1988 Homogona pulleinei Pulleins Trapdoor 54 1987 Misgolas mascordi Trapdoor Spider 67 1987 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Idiopidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 19 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Lycosidae Wolf Spiders (38 out of 149 species in Australia) Venatrix allopictiventris 100 1984 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Lycosidae.

Nemesiidae Funnel-web Spiders (15 out of 227 species in Australia) Chenistonia hickmani Dorrigo Funnel-web Spider 100 1993 Chenistonia montana Mountain Funnel-web Spider 100 1980 Ixamatus broomi Border Ranges Funnel-web 69 1993 Ixamatus fischeri Fischers Funnel-web 100 1993 Ixamatus lornensis Kendall Funnel-web 100 1978 Ixamatus musgravei Musgraves Funnel-web 100 1980 Namea dicalcaria Big Scrub Funnel-web 95 1993 Xamiatus kia Coffs Harbour Funnel-web 90 2002 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Nemesiidae.

Sparassidae Huntsmen Spiders (6 out of 119 species in Australia) (formerly Heteropodidae) Heteropoda binnaburra Binnaburra Huntsman Spider 67 1988 Isopeda queenslandensis Queensland Huntsman Spider 50 1988 This region rates highly for endemism of Sparassidae.

Basommatophora Planorbidae Freshwater Snails (9 out of 71 species in Australia) Isidorella brazieri Braziers Freshwater Snail 50 This region rates highly for endemism of Planorbidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 20 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Caenogastropoda Hydrobiidae Freshwater Operculate (5 out of 330 species in Australia) Snails Fluvidona dorrigoensis Dorrigo Freshwater Snail 100 1981 Fluvidona orphana Port Macquarie Freshwater Snail 100 1985 Fluvidona petterdi Freshwater Snail 100 1993

Pupinidae Glossy and (6 out of 61 species in Australia) Porcellaneous Operculate Land Snails Pupina nn 1 Land Snail 100 1981 Pupinidae nn 1 Land Snail 100 1992 Pupinidae nn 2 Land Snail 100 Signepupina pineticola Land Snail 60 2003 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Pupinidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 21 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Coleoptera Carabidae Ground Beetles (149 out of 2305 species in Australia) Acrogenys longicollis Lepitid Ground Beetle 88 1993 Adelotopus minor Little Pseudomorphinid Ground Beetle 100 Agonocheila macleayi Lepitid Ground Beetle 67 Arthropterus 1 Ground Beetle 100 1993 Carenum 1 Scarititid Ground Beetle 100 1993 Carenum 2 Scarititid Ground Beetle 100 1993 Carenum episcopale Scarititid Ground Beetle 100 Castelnaudia 2 Pterostichid Ground Beetle 100 1993 Castelnaudia marginifera Pterostichid Ground Beetle 54 1993 Castelnaudia septemcostata Pterostichid Ground Beetle 62 2002 Castelnaudia speciosa Pterostichid Ground Beetle 96 1999 Colpodes truncatellus Pterostichid Ground Beetle 50 Coptoglossus carteri Lepitid Ground Beetle 50 Craspedophorus 1 Panagaeitid Ground Beetle 100 1993 Craspedophorus elongatus Elongate Panagaeitid Ground Beetle 100 Cratoferonia phylarchus Pterostichid Ground Beetle 76 1999 Demetrida angusticollis Lepitid Ground Beetle 100 Eurylychnus ovipennis Ground Beetle 100 1993 Eurylychnus regularis Ground Beetle 88 1993 Eutrechus coxi Coxs Trechitid Ground Beetle 100 Leiradira auricollis Clarence River Pterostichid Ground Beetle 62 1993 Leiradira puella Pterostichid Ground Beetle 100 Lesticus chloronotus Pterostichid Ground Beetle 50 Megadromus eborensis Ebor Pterostichid Ground Beetle 100 1989 Meonis 1 Psydritid Ground Beetle 100 1993 Meonis angusticollis Psydritid Ground Beetle 100 Notolestus sulcipennis Pterostichid Ground Beetle 70 1993 Notonomus 1 Pterostichid Ground Beetle 50 1993 Notonomus 2 Pterostichid Ground Beetle 100 1993 Notonomus 3 Pterostichid Ground Beetle 58 1993 Notonomus angustibasis Pterostichid Ground Beetle 52 1993 Notonomus colossus Colossal Pterostichid Ground Beetle 60 1993 Notonomus crenulatus Dorrigo Pterostichid Ground Beetle 71 1993 Notonomus nitescens Dorrigo Plateau Pterostichid Ground Beetl 83 Notonomus opacicollis Pterostichid Ground Beetle 92 1993 Notonomus polli Richmond River Pterostichid Ground Beetl 100 1993 Notonomus prominens Pterostichid Ground Beetle 100 1993 Notonomus striatocollis Northern Rivers Pterostichid Ground Beetl 67 Notonomus subiridescens Wauchope Pterostichid Ground Beetle 100 Notonomus tillyardi Tillyards Pterostichid Ground Beetle 100 Nurus atlas Atlas Pterostichid Ground Beetle 100 1982 Nurus brevis Lisomore Pterostichid Ground Beetle 100 1992 Nurus latipennis Pterostichid Ground Beetle 83 1993

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 22 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Pamborus alternans Ground Beetle 58 1993 Pamborus guerinii Ground Beetle 63 1999 Pamborus macleayi Macleays Ground Beetle 63 1993 Pamborus pradieri Pradiers Ground Beetle 52 1993 Prosopogmus suspectus Pterostichid Ground Beetle 50 Setodyschirius zonatus Scarititid Ground Beetle 100 Siagonyx amplipennis Ground Beetle 89 1993 Sphallomorpha difficilis Pseudomorphinid Ground Beetle 50 Sphallomorpha multiseta Pseudomorphinid Ground Beetle 100 Teraphis helmsi Helms Psydritid Ground Beetle 100 Trichosternus angulosus MacPherson Range Pterostichid Ground 80 1993 Trichosternus perater Tweed River Pterostichid Ground Beetle 86 1987 Trichosternus vigorsi Vigors Pterostichid Ground Beetle 72 1993 Zeodera atra Pterostichid Ground Beetle 54 1980 Zuphium australe Lepitid Ground Beetle 50 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Carabidae.

Dytiscidae Dytiscidine Water (32 out of 302 species in Australia) Beetles Sternopriscus cervus Water Beetle 100 This region rates highly for endemism of Dytiscidae.

Diptera Asilidae Robber Flies (2 out of 360 species in Australia) Colepia malleola 50 1963 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Asilidae.

Therevidae Stiletto Flies (30 out of 252 species in Australia) Anabarhynchus boomerang 50 1982 Anabarhynchus glorious 50 1976 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Therevidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 23 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Eupulmonata Athoracophoridae Triangular Mantled (2 out of 4 species in Australia) Slugs Triboniophorus nn 1 Land Slug 100 1999 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Athoracophoridae.

Bulimulidae Elongate High-spired (1 out of 115 species in Australia) Land Snails Placostylus bivaricosus Land Snail Endangered 50

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 24 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Camaenidae Camaenid Land Snails (77 out of 929 species in Australia) Austrochloritis ballengarra 100 2004 Austrochloritis bellengerensis Bellenger Land Snail 86 2000 Austrochloritis br 1 Land Snail 55 1988 Austrochloritis br 2 Land Snail 100 1981 Austrochloritis br 3 Land Snail 100 1982 Austrochloritis congarinni 100 1995 Austrochloritis mv 10 Land Snail 100 1995 Austrochloritis mv 11 Land Snail 100 1996 Austrochloritis mv 9 Land Snail 100 1980 Austrochloritis nambucca Nambucca Land Snail 68 2002 Austrochloritis ne 1 Land Snail 80 1981 Austrochloritis ne 11 Land Snail 50 1981 Austrochloritis ne 2 Land Snail 100 1976 Austrochloritis ne 7 Land Snail 100 1999 Austrochloritis ne 8 Land Snail 100 1972 Austrochloritis ne 9 Land Snail 100 1972 Austrochloritis nn 2 100 1984 Austrochloritis nn 3 80 1981 Austrochloritis nn 4 100 1970 Austrochloritis novocambrica Land Snail 100 Austrochloritis porteri Porters Land Snail 53 1999 Camaenidae mv 10 100 1995 Camaenidae mv 11 100 2003 Camaenidae mv 12 Land Snail 100 1995 Camaenidae mv 13 100 1995 Camaenidae mv 14 75 1983 Camaenidae mv 2 100 1997 Camaenidae mv 3 100 1995 Camaenidae mv 5 100 1995 Camaenidae mv 6 100 1995 Camaenidae mv 7 100 1995 Camaenidae mv 8 100 1997 Camaenidae ne 14 50 Camaenidae ne 4 50 1973 Camaenidae ne 7 100 1990 Camaenidae nn 1 100 1992 Camaenidae nn 2 100 1992 Camaenidae nn 3 64 1993 Camaenidae nn 5 67 1993 Camaenidae nn 6 Land Snail 100 2003 Camaenidae nn 7 100 1962 Camaenidae nn 8 100 1987 Camaenidae nn 9 100 2000 Galadistes marcescens 83 1995

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 25 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Galadistes ne 14 50 1981 Galadistes ne 15 63 1998 Meridolum ascensum 100 Meridolum nn 6 100 2000 Posorites conscendens 55 2001 Thersites mitchellae Mitchells Rainforest Land Snail Critically 80 2009 endangered Thersites novaehollandiae New Holland Land Snail 64 2000 Ventopelita bellengerensis Bellenger River Land Snail 94 1999 Ventopelita leucocheilus Land Snail 96 2003 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Camaenidae.

Caryodidae Giant Land Snails (6 out of 18 species in Australia) Brazieresta larreyi Larreys Land Snail 97 2004 Hedleyella falconeri Falconers Land Snail 61 2002 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Caryodidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 26 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Charopidae Flattened and Turbinate (124 out of 642 species in Australia) Land Snails Charopidae br 16 100 1987 Charopidae br 3 70 1987 Charopidae br 7 100 1992 Charopidae mv 1 100 1995 Charopidae mv 10 100 1992 Charopidae mv 11 Land Snail 100 2004 Charopidae mv 12 75 2004 Charopidae mv 13 100 2004 Charopidae mv 14 Land Snail 100 2004 Charopidae mv 15 100 1992 Charopidae mv 16 100 2004 Charopidae mv 18 100 1997 Charopidae mv 19 100 1992 Charopidae mv 2 100 1995 Charopidae mv 20 100 1995 Charopidae mv 21 100 1985 Charopidae mv 22 Land Snail 84 2004 Charopidae mv 23 91 1995 Charopidae mv 24 100 2004 Charopidae mv 25 100 1996 Charopidae mv 26 100 1995 Charopidae mv 27 100 1992 Charopidae mv 28 100 1997 Charopidae mv 29 100 2004 Charopidae mv 3 100 1993 Charopidae mv 30 Land Snail 100 2004 Charopidae mv 31 100 2004 Charopidae mv 32 100 1993 Charopidae mv 33 100 1997 Charopidae mv 34 100 1992 Charopidae mv 35 70 2004 Charopidae mv 36 100 1993 Charopidae mv 37 100 1993 Charopidae mv 38 100 1996 Charopidae mv 39 100 1996 Charopidae mv 4 100 2004 Charopidae mv 40 100 1992 Charopidae mv 41 100 1995 Charopidae mv 42 100 1995 Charopidae mv 43 100 1992 Charopidae mv 44 100 1995 Charopidae mv 46 100 2004 Charopidae mv 5 100 1995 Charopidae mv 6 100 1997 Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 27 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Charopidae mv 7 100 2004 Charopidae mv 8 100 2004 Charopidae mv 9 100 1993 Charopidae ne 13 50 1987 Charopidae ne 22 62 1992 Charopidae ne 23 Charopid Land Snail 100 Charopidae ne 24 83 1972 Charopidae ne 25 50 1972 Charopidae ne 26 100 1993 Charopidae ne 27 100 1993 Charopidae ne 28 67 1972 Charopidae ne 3 100 2004 Charopidae nn 10 100 1976 Charopidae nn 12 100 1982 Charopidae nn 13 100 1990 Charopidae nn 14 94 1999 Charopidae nn 15 91 1999 Charopidae nn 16 100 1999 Charopidae nn 17 100 2004 Charopidae nn 18 100 1981 Charopidae nn 19 100 1982 Charopidae nn 2 100 1992 Charopidae nn 20 100 1999 Charopidae nn 21 100 1999 Charopidae nn 22 100 1999 Charopidae nn 23 100 1999 Charopidae nn 24 100 1981 Charopidae nn 3 50 1981 Charopidae nn 4 100 1993 Charopidae nn 5 67 1999 Charopidae nn 6 100 2004 Charopidae nn 7 100 2004 Charopidae nn 8 85 2004 Charopidae nn 9 100 1993 Coenocharopa alata 64 1987 Coenocharopa yessabahensis Yessabah Charopid Land Snail 100 2003 Diphyropa macleayana Macleays Charopid Land Snail 100 1989 Egilomen cochlidium 100 1993 Elsothera genithecata 50 1983 Elsothera nautilodea Nautiloid Land Snail 100 2004 Gyrocochlea convoluta Convoluted Land Snail 50 1958 Gyrocochlea planorbis 67 2003 Gyrocochlea prava 76 2003 Gyrocochlea vinitincta 56 1987 Letomola contortus Contorted Land Snail 100 2003 Mussonula fallax 50 1981 Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 28 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Ngairea corticicola 65 1999 Ngairea dorrigoensis Dorrigo Land Snail 52 1999 Rhophodon consobrinus 60 1981 Rhophodon kempseyensis Kempsey Land Snail 100 2004 Rhophodon peregrinus Peregrine Land Snail 67 1992 Roblinella conjuncta Land Snail 100 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Charopidae.

Cystopeltidae Australian "Half" Slugs (6 out of 13 species in Australia) Cystopelta nn 1 Half-slug 100 1999 Cystopeltidae mv 1 Half-slug 67 1993 Cystopeltidae ne 1 Half-slug 100 1990 Cystopeltidae nn 1 Half-slug 100 1990 Cystopeltidae nn 2 Half-slug 100 1999 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Cystopeltidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 29 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Helicarionidae Helicarionid Land Snails (48 out of 300 species in Australia) Greenwoodoconcha nux 50 1981 Helicarion leopardina Leopard Helicarionid Land Snail 77 1999 Helicarionidae br 10 Helicarionid Land Snail 100 Helicarionidae br 4 67 1987 Helicarionidae br 9 62 1992 Helicarionidae mv 1 81 2003 Helicarionidae mv 2 100 1995 Helicarionidae mv 3 83 1998 Helicarionidae mv 4 88 1995 Helicarionidae mv 5 93 2002 Helicarionidae mv 6 Land Snail 100 2004 Helicarionidae ne 2 100 1990 Helicarionidae ne 6 50 1993 Helicarionidae nn 1 100 1990 Helicarionidae nn 10 100 1999 Helicarionidae nn 11 100 1987 Helicarionidae nn 2 100 1992 Helicarionidae nn 3 100 1981 Helicarionidae nn 4 100 2001 Helicarionidae nn 5 93 2000 Helicarionidae nn 6 100 1983 Helicarionidae nn 7 100 1993 Helicarionidae nn 9 100 1999 Helicarionidae sn 8 50 1999 Liardetia sculpta Land Snail 100 2003 Mysticarion hyalinus 50 1976 Nitor medioximus 53 2002 Nitor moretonensis Moreton Land Snail 100 Nitor subrugata Land Snail 56 2003 Parmavitrina megastoma 100 1999 Parmavitrina planilabris 76 1998 Sodaleta umbraculorum Land Snail 100 1965 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Helicarionidae.

Punctidae Translucent Frosted (7 out of 107 species in Australia) Land Snails Punctidae nn 1 Punctid Land Snail 100 1976 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Punctidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 30 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Pupillidae Pupa-shaped Shelled (12 out of 62 species in Australia) Land Snails Gastrocopta queenslandica Land Snail 57 1995 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Pupillidae.

Rhytididae Carnivorous Land Snails (31 out of 107 species in Australia) Rhytididae mv 1 Carnivorous Land Snail 93 1999 Rhytididae mv 2 Carnivorous Land Snail 100 1999 Rhytididae mv 3 Carnivorous Land Snail 64 2003 Rhytididae mv 4 Carnivorous Land Snail 100 1992 Rhytididae mv 5 Carnivorous Land Snail 50 1971 Rhytididae mv 7 Carnivorous Land Snail 87 1999 Rhytididae nn 1 Carnivorous Land Snail 100 1992 Rhytididae nn 2 Carnivorous Land Snail 100 1987 Rhytididae nn 3 Carnivorous Land Snail 70 1993 Rhytididae nn 4 Carnivorous Land Snail 100 Saladelos macquariensis Macquarie Carnivorous Land Snail 92 2003 Saladelos nn 3 Carnivorous Land Snail 78 1982 Saladelos strangeoides Strange Carnivorous Land Snail 71 1981 Saladelos urarensis Carnivorous Land Snail 100 1992 Strangesta assimilans Carnivorous Land Snail 100 2003 Strangesta bullacea Carnivorous Land Snail 91 2001 Strangesta harriettae Harrietts Carnivorous Land Snail 100 1990 Strangesta strangei Strange Carnivorous Land Snail 50 1976 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Rhytididae.

Succineidae Amber Land Snails (2 out of 25 species in Australia) Succineidae mv 1 Amber Land Snail 100 1995 This region rates highly for endemism of Succineidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 31 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Hemiptera Acanthosomatidae Shield Bugs (6 out of 44 species in Australia) Panaetius trabifer 67 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Acanthosomatidae.

Achilidae (1 out of 32 species in Australia) Epiona kirejtshuki 50 1980 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Achilidae.

Aradidae Flat bugs, Bark bugs (22 out of 166 species in Australia) Arbanatus frazieri 100 Brachyrhynchus elegans 100 Drakiessa parva 50 Neophloeobia montrouzieri 100 1966 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Aradidae.

Coreidae (8 out of 81 species in Australia) Agriopocoris chadwicki 60 Amorbus hirticulus 100 Hygia sandaracine 100 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Coreidae.

Corixidae Waterboatmen (3 out of 31 species in Australia) Micronecta carinata 100 This region rates highly for endemism of Corixidae.

Gelastocoridae Toad Bugs (4 out of 21 species in Australia) Nerthra sinuosa 67 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Gelastocoridae.

Lygaeidae (10 out of 80 species in Australia) Oncopeltus sordidus 100 1958 Scopiastes bicolor 50 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Lygaeidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 32 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Miridae Miridae (10 out of 189 species in Australia) Aitkenia uptoni 100 Porphyrodema rhinoceros 100 Synthlipsis annulipes 50 Trilaccus nigroruber 100 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Miridae.

Peloridiidae Moss Bugs (1 out of 8 species in Australia) Hackeriella veitchi 100 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Peloridiidae.

Pentatomidae Stinkbugs (44 out of 361 species in Australia) Cuspicona forticornis 50 Diaphyta pulchra 50 Diemenia grossi 100 Eribotes indicator 50 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Pentatomidae.

Psyllidae (5 out of 319 species in Australia) Glycaspis baileyi 50 1959 Glycaspis conflecta 50 1959 Glycaspis montana 100 1959 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Psyllidae.

Reduviidae Assassin Bugs (28 out of 226 species in Australia) Australocleptes hackeri 67 Horciniella variabilis 50 Myiophanes tipulina 100 Pseudobargylia involucrata 100 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Reduviidae.

Schizopteridae (3 out of 61 species in Australia) Duonota bimaculata 100 Duonota decoricauda 100 Ogeria biprojecta 100 This region rates highly for endemism of Schizopteridae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 33 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Tessaratomidae (5 out of 17 species in Australia) Musgraveia sulciventris Bronze Orange Bug 50 Peltocopta crassiventris 100 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Tessaratomidae.

Tingidae Lacebugs (8 out of 145 species in Australia) Bunotingis camelina 100 Euaulana tasmaniae 100 Inoma angusta 100 Tingis muiri 100 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Tingidae.

Veliidae Small Water Striders, (10 out of 53 species in Australia) Riffle Bugs Drepanovelia millennium 50 1995 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Veliidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 34 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Hymenoptera Apidae Social Bees (6 out of 195 species in Australia) Exoneura albolineata 100 Exoneura botanica 100 Exoneura hamulata 100 Xylocopa bombylans Peacock Carpenter Bee 100 1967 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Apidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 35 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Formicidae Ants (189 out of 1944 species in Australia) Amblyopone gingivalis 67 1993 Calyptomyrmex beccarii 100 1980 Camponotus pallidiceps 71 1997 Camponotus suffusus-n 57 1974 Cerapachys senescens 100 1994 Colobostruma lacuna 50 1997 Epopostruma angela 50 1999 Heteroponera imbellis 50 1993 Heteroponera leae 100 1993 Leptogenys angustinoda 100 1999 Leptomyrmex aitchisoni 100 1993 Leptomyrmex ramorniensis 100 1993 Mayriella overbecki 100 1980 Metapone tillyardi 100 Monomorium burchera 100 1967 Monomorium nanum 50 1999 Monomorium nightcapense 100 1966 Monomorium parantarcticum 100 1984 Notoncus capitatus 56 1999 Notostigma foreli 55 1999 Orectognathus elegantulus 50 1984 Orectognathus rostratus 50 2001 Pachycondyla oculata 100 1993 Pachycondyla pachynoda 50 1993 Pachycondyla porcata 100 1993 Peronomyrmex overbecki 100 Polyrhachis aurea 67 1993 Polyrhachis creusa 50 1993 Polyrhachis flavibasis 50 1993 Polyrhachis hirsuta 50 Polyrhachis maculata 75 1999 Polyrhachis ornata 50 Polyrhachis phryne 50 1993 Prenolepis rosae 100 Pristomyrmex erythropygus 75 1982 Pristomyrmex wheeleri 52 1982 Probolomyrmex greavesi 100 1998 Rhopalothrix orbis 50 1997 Rhytidoponera chalybaea 62 1999 Rhytidoponera fastuosa 62 1990 Rhytidoponera nodifera 57 1999 Rhytidoponera scabrior 50 1967 Tetramorium confusum 75 1993

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 36 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Formicidae.

Halictidae (56 out of 438 species in Australia) Lasioglossum imitator 53 1999 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Halictidae.

Megachilidae (6 out of 165 species in Australia) Lithurgus atratus 100 2005 This region rates highly for endemism of Megachilidae.

Lepidoptera Hesperiidae Skippers, flats, awls & (57 out of 123 species in Australia) darts Ocybadistes knightorum Black Grass-dart 100 2010 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Hesperiidae.

Lycaenidae Blues, Coppers, (64 out of 145 species in Australia) Hairstreaks and Metalmarks Acrodipsas arcana Black-veined Ant-blue 50 1987 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Lycaenidae.

Neritopsina Helicinidae Top-shaped Operculate (2 out of 24 species in Australia) Land Snails Pleuropoma jana Top-shaped Operculate Land Snail 94 2003

Hydrocenidae Calcareous Operculate (1 out of 16 species in Australia) Land Snails Georissa laseroni Calcareous Operculate Land Snail 100 2003 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Hydrocenidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 37 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Odonata Coenagrionidae Bluetail and Thin (13 out of 32 species in Australia) Damselflies Caliagrion billinghursti Large Riverdamsel 57 1995 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Coenagrionidae.

Isostictidae Wiretail and Pin (2 out of 15 species in Australia) Damselflies Neosticta canescens Southern Pinfly 50 1986 This region rates highly for richness of Isostictidae.

Megapodagrionidae Flatwing Damselflies (10 out of 22 species in Australia) Austroargiolestes alpinus New England Flatwing 100 1992 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Megapodagrionidae.

Synthemistidae Spottail and Tigertail (11 out of 26 species in Australia) Dragonflies Tonyosynthemis ofarrelli Slender Tigertail 60 1995 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Synthemistidae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 38 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Vascular flora Alismatales Hydrocharitaceae Swamp Lily, Eel Weed, (8 out of 23 species in Australia) Frogbit and Water Thyme Hydrocharis dubia Frogbit Vulnerable 33 1999

Arecales Arecaceae Palms (4 out of 64 species in Australia) Linospadix monostachya Walking-stick Palm 70 2009

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 39 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Asparagales Asparagaceae (12 out of 177 species in Australia) Cordyline stricta Palm-lily 74 2001

Asteliaceae Palm-Lilies and Allies (1 out of 9 species in Australia) Neoastelia spectabilis Native Lily Vulnerable 83 2009 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Asteliaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 40 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Orchidaceae Orchids (252 out of 1248 species in Australia) Acianthella amplexicaulis Green Elf Orchid 65 2009 Acianthus apprimus Early Mosquito Orchid 62 2007 Acianthus exiguus Tiny Mosquito Orchid 89 2006 Adelopetalum elisae Pineapple Orchid 53 2008 Cheirostylis notialis Southern Fleshy Jewel Orchid 60 2008 Chiloglottis anaticeps 100 2007 Chiloglottis sphyrnoides 60 2007 Corunastylis bishopii 100 2002 Corunastylis sagittifera Endangered 2 1993 Cryptostylis hunteriana Leafless Tongue Orchid Vulnerable 5 1999 Diplodium aff. alatum 1 50 1994 Diplodium metcalfei 100 1997 Diplodium torquatum 59 2006 Dipodium atropurpureum Purple Hyacinth Orchid 53 1998 Diuris aff. ochroma 67 2004 Diuris byronensis 100 2006 Diuris disposita Kempsey Double-tail 100 2006 Diuris lanceolata Snake Orchid, Large Golden Moths Endangered <1 1992 Diuris ochroma Pale Golden Moths Vulnerable 36 2005 Diuris pedunculata Small Snake Orchid Endangered 8 2010 Diuris praecox Vulnerable 11 1963 Diuris venosa Veined Doubletail, Goat Orchid Vulnerable 36 2003 Dockrillia fairfaxii Blue Mountains Pencil Orchid 65 2009 Jonesiopsis porphyrea Orchid 67 2001 Oncophyllum globuliforme Green Bead Orchid Vulnerable 11 1953 Oxysepala lamingtonensis Cream Rope Orchid 50 2009 Phaius australis Common Swamp Orchid Endangered 36 2008 Prasophyllum caudiculum Leek Orchid 60 2004 Prasophyllum dossenum Leek Orchid 50 2006 Prasophyllum fuscum Tailed Leek Orchid Vulnerable 2 1993 Prasophyllum solstitium Leek Orchid 100 2003 Prasophyllum wallum Leek Orchid Vulnerable 50 Pterostylis bicornis Vulnerable 17 1999 Rhizanthella slateri Eastern Underground Orchid Endangered 14 2002 Sarcochilus aequalis Boulder Orchid 88 2007 Sarcochilus fitzgeraldii Ravine Orchid Vulnerable 62 2005 Sarcochilus hartmannii Large Boulder Orchid Vulnerable 42 2009 Sarcochilus weinthalii Blotched Butterly Orchid Vulnerable 17 1990 Schistotylus purpuratus Purple Sprites 76 2007 Taeniophyllum muelleri Chain Ribbonroot Vulnerable 14 2008 Thelychiton falcorostrus Beech Orchid 54 2005 Thelychiton pulcherrimus Dwarf pink Rock Orchid 100 2005 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Orchidaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 41 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Xanthorrhoeaceae Grass Trees, (12 out of 30 species in Australia) Lomandras and Allies Xanthorrhoea fulva 63 2010 Xanthorrhoea johnsonii 56 2008 Xanthorrhoea latifolia 63 2008 Xanthorrhoea macronema 58 2010 Xanthorrhoea malacophylla 83 2008

Asterales Asteraceae Daisies and Allies (215 out of 1019 species in Australia) Cassinia telfordii Cassinia 90 2008 Cassinia theodori Cassinia 50 1994 Olearia cydoniifolia Daisy Bush 78 2004 Olearia flocktoniae Dorrigo Daisy Bush Endangered 92 2009 Olearia heterocarpa Daisy Bush 50 2007 Olearia oppositifolia Opposite-leaved Daisy Bush 63 2006 Olearia stilwelliae Stillwells Daisy Bush 100 2009 Ozothamnus eriocephalus Native Daisy Vulnerable 7 1986 Ozothamnus rufescens Rufous Everlasting 52 2008 Ozothamnus vagans Everlasting Vulnerable 54 2004 Picris evae Native Oxeye Vulnerable 2 1990 Rutidosis heterogama Native Daisy Vulnerable 28 2009 Senecio amygdalifolius Senecio 53 2010 Telfordia obovata Native Daisy 100 2008 Telfordia whitei Native Daisy 73 2007 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Asteraceae.

Stylidiaceae Triggerplants and Allies (8 out of 293 species in Australia) Stylidium paniculatum 62 1993

Austrobaileyales Trimeniaceae Trimenia (1 out of 1 species in Australia) Trimenia moorei Trimenia 75 2008 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Trimeniaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 42 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Canellales Winteraceae Pepper Trees (5 out of 11 species in Australia) Tasmannia glaucifolia Fragrant Pepperbush Vulnerable 42 2006 Tasmannia purpurascens Broad-leaved Pepperbush Vulnerable 6 1994 Tasmannia stipitata Northern Pepper Bush 73 2008 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Winteraceae.

Capparales Akaniaceae Turnip Wood (1 out of 1 species in Australia) Akania bidwillii Turnip Wood 69 2009 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Akaniaceae.

Commelinales Philydraceae Frogsmouths and (2 out of 5 species in Australia) Stream Lilies Helmholtzia glaberrima Flax Lily 93 2009

Cycadales Zamiaceae Native Cycads (7 out of 44 species in Australia) Lepidozamia peroffskyana Cycad 63 2009 Macrozamia fawcettii Cycad 100 2008 Macrozamia johnsonii Cycad 100 2010 Macrozamia montana Cycad 73 2006 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Zamiaceae.

Dilleniales Dilleniaceae Guinea Flowers (33 out of 253 species in Australia) Hibbertia acuminata 100 2009 Hibbertia brevipedunculata 50 1987 Hibbertia hexandra 50 2008 Hibbertia marginata Bordered Guinea Flower Vulnerable 100 2010 Hibbertia rhynchocalyx 100 2003 Hibbertia villosa 100 2007 This region rates highly for endemism of Dilleniaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 43 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Ericales Epacridaceae Southern Heaths (78 out of 458 species in Australia) Leucopogon cicatricatus Beard-heath 58 1998 Leucopogon confertus Beard-heath Endangered 19 1995 Leucopogon recurvisepalus Beard-heath 58 1997 Lissanthe pleiosperma Beard-heath 53 2001 Melichrus gibberagee Heath 100 1997 Melichrus hirsutus Heath Endangered 100 2009 Styphelia perileuca Heath Vulnerable 86 2008 Trochocarpa laurina Laurel Heath 55 2010 This region rates highly for endemism of Epacridaceae.

Ericaceae Heathers and (7 out of 17 species in Australia) Rhododendrons Agiortia cicatricata Agiortia 50 2007 Gaultheria viridicarpa Waxberry Vulnerable 100 2003 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Ericaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 44 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Fabales Fabaceae Peas (335 out of 2583 species in Australia) Acacia baeuerlenii Wattle 58 2009 Acacia beadleana Wattle 100 2005 Acacia cangaiensis Wattle 88 2008 Acacia chrysotricha Bellinger River Wattle 100 2009 Acacia courtii Wattle Vulnerable 100 2007 Acacia floydii Wattle 67 2008 Acacia ingramii Wattle 96 2008 Acacia macnuttiana McNutt's Wattle Vulnerable 29 2008 Acacia nova-anglica New England Hickory 76 2004 Acacia orites Mountain Wattle 68 2004 Acacia pubifolia Wattle Vulnerable 11 1966 Acacia ruppii Rupp's Wattle Endangered 38 2009 Acacia tessellata Wattle 86 2007 Almaleea cambagei Native Pea Vulnerable 10 1966 Archidendron muellerianum Muellers Lace Flower 83 2009 Austrosteenisia glabristyla Native Pea 64 2009 Bossiaea neo-anglica Bitter-pea 52 2008 Callerya australis Blunt Wisteria 73 2010 Chamaecrista maritima Senna 62 2007 Daviesia arborea Golden Bitter-pea 68 2009 Daviesia elliptica Bitter-pea 55 2006 Daviesia nova-anglica Bitter-pea 67 2006 Derris involuta Fish-poison Vine 53 2009 Desmodium acanthocladum Spiny Tick-trefoil Vulnerable 100 2009 Dillwynia rupestris Parrot-pea 80 2006 Hovea a Hovea 66 2003 Hovea similis Hovea 50 2008 Jacksonia chappilliae Dogwood 100 2006 Kennedia retrorsa Running Pea Vulnerable 12 1988 Mirbelia confertiflora Mirbelia 67 2006 Podolobium aestivum Gibralter Ranges Shaggy-pea 88 2008 Pultenaea alea Gibberagee Bacon and Eggs 100 2001 Pultenaea campbellii New England Bacon and Eggs Vulnerable 8 1997 Pultenaea foliolosa Bacon and Eggs Vulnerable 2 2008 Pultenaea parviflora Bacon and Eggs Vulnerable 11 1965 Pultenaea pycnocephala Bluff Mountain Bacon and Eggs 57 2007 Pultenaea rostrata Bacon and Eggs 100 2008 Pultenaea setulosa Bacon and Eggs Vulnerable 6 1998 Pultenaea tarik Bacon and Eggs 91 2008 Sophora fraseri Necklace Pod Vulnerable 20 2008 Tephrosia baueri Bauers Pea 50 0002 This region rates highly for richness of Fabaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 45 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Fagales Casuarinaceae She-oaks (12 out of 69 species in Australia) Allocasuarina defungens She-oak Endangered 74 2008 Allocasuarina simulans She-oak Vulnerable 14 2001 This region rates highly for endemism of Casuarinaceae.

Nothofagaceae (1 out of 3 species in Australia) Nothofagus moorei Antarctic Beech 50 1993

Lamiales Scrophulariaceae Figworts (21 out of 99 species in Australia) Euphrasia bella Lamington Eyebright Vulnerable 17 1991 Euphrasia orthocheila 53 2004 Euphrasia ramulosa 83 2004 Veronica arcuata 64 2006 This region rates highly for endemism of Scrophulariaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 46 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Laurales Atherospermataceae (6 out of 10 species in Australia) Daphnandra johnsonii Sassafras Endangered 10 1996 Daphnandra melasmena Sassafras 93 2001 Daphnandra micrantha Yellow Sassafras 60 2003 Daphnandra tenuipes Socket Sassafras 55 2009 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Atherospermataceae.

Lauraceae Laurels, Camphorwood (43 out of 140 species in Australia) and Australian Walnuts Cinnamomum virens Black Scented Sassafras 74 2009 Cryptocarya dorrigoensis Laurel 93 2001 Cryptocarya erythroxylon Rose Maple 51 2009 Cryptocarya floydii Gorge Laurel 68 1996 Cryptocarya foetida Stinking Cryptocarya Vulnerable 49 2009 Cryptocarya foveolata Small Leaved Laurel 58 2006 Cryptocarya meisneriana Northern Rivers Laurel 61 2010 Cryptocarya microneura Murrogun Laurel 53 2009 Cryptocarya nova-anglica Laurel 86 2009 Cryptocarya obovata White Walnut, Purple Laurel 52 2009 Cryptocarya rigida Rose Maple 74 2009 Cryptocarya williwilliana Laurel 100 2082 Endiandra crassiflora Dorrigo Walnut 86 1999 Endiandra floydii Floyd's Walnut Endangered 58 2009 Endiandra globosa Ball-fruited Walnut 50 2009 Endiandra hayesii Rusty Rose Walnut, Velvet Laurel Vulnerable 78 2009 Endiandra introrsa Red Walnut 93 2003 Endiandra muelleri Muellers Walnut 63 2010 Litsea australis Bollywood 72 2009 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Lauraceae.

Monimiaceae Sassafras, Beech (6 out of 27 species in Australia) Wilkiea austroqueenslandica Smooth Wilkiea 66 2009 Wilkiea hugeliana Common Wilkiea 51 2010 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Monimiaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 47 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Liliales Colchicaceae Nancies and Allies (7 out of 48 species in Australia) Tripladenia cunninghamii Native Herb 67 2009

Luzuriagaceae Orange and Turquoise (1 out of 2 species in Australia) Berries Drymophila moorei Orange Berry 77 2006 This region rates highly for endemism of Luzuriagaceae.

Petermanniaceae (1 out of 1 species in Australia) Petermannia cirrosa Native Vine 87 2009 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Petermanniaceae.

Ripogonaceae (5 out of 5 species in Australia) Ripogonum discolor Prickly Supplejack 70 2009 Ripogonum elseyanum Hairy Supplejack 64 2009 Ripogonum fawcettianum Small Supplejack 51 2008 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Ripogonaceae.

Malpighiales Euphorbiaceae Spurges (60 out of 315 species in Australia) Actephila grandifolia 86 2008 Austrobuxus swainii 95 2008 Baloghia marmorata Vulnerable 22 1994 Bertya ingramii Endangered 100 2006 Bertya opponens Vulnerable 4 1999 Croton verreauxii 55 2010 Fontainea australis Vulnerable 67 2006 Fontainea oraria Endangered 80 1995 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Euphorbiaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 48 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Malvales Sterculiaceae Kurrajongs and (20 out of 273 species in Australia) Bottletrees Argyrodendron actinophyllum Black Booyong 62 2009 Commersonia breviseta 50 1972 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Sterculiaceae.

Thymelaeaceae Pimeleas (14 out of 110 species in Australia) Pimelea cremnophila Rice Flower 100 2004 Pimelea venosa Rice Flower Endangered 20 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Thymelaeaceae.

Tiliaceae (3 out of 115 species in Australia) Corchorus cunninghamii Endangered 35 2009

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 49 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Myrtales Myrtaceae Native Myrtles (274 out of 2211 species in Australia) Acmena ingens Red Apple 53 2009 Angophora paludosa Apple 100 2008 Angophora robur Apple Vulnerable 100 2009 Archirhodomyrtus beckleri Rose Myrtle 56 2009 Babingtonia prominens Baeckea 100 2003 Babingtonia silvestris Baeckea 86 2009 Backhousia sciadophora Shatterwood, Ironwood 63 2009 Baeckea omissa Baeckea 74 2006 Callistemon acuminatus Bottlebrush 61 2007 Corymbia henryi Large-leaved spotted gum 56 2009 Eucalyptus acaciiformis Wattle leaved Peppermint 87 2008 Eucalyptus ancophila Ironbark 100 2004 Eucalyptus approximans New England Mallee Ash 65 2008 Eucalyptus caliginosa New England Stringybark 61 2008 Eucalyptus cameronii Diehard Stringybark 73 2008 Eucalyptus carnea Broad-leaved White Mahogany 50 2010 Eucalyptus codonocarpa Mallee Ash 60 2006 Eucalyptus dissita Eucalypt 100 2007 Eucalyptus dorrigoensis Dorrigo White Gum 93 2008 Eucalyptus dunnii Dunns White Gum 71 2008 Eucalyptus fusiformis Nambucca ironbark 77 2003 Eucalyptus glaucina Slaty Red Gum Vulnerable 39 2006 Eucalyptus infera Eucalypt Vulnerable 8 1990 Eucalyptus magnificata Blue Box 63 2009 Eucalyptus mckieana McKies Stringybark Vulnerable 3 1951 Eucalyptus michaeliana Hillgrove Gum 60 2009 Eucalyptus microcorys Tallowwood 53 2010 Eucalyptus nicholii Willow leaved Peppermint Vulnerable 39 2005 Eucalyptus nova-anglica New England Peppermint 58 2008 Eucalyptus olida Manna Gum 100 2008 Eucalyptus ophitica Serpentine ironbark 80 2002 Eucalyptus planchoniana Needlebark Stringybark 75 2009 Eucalyptus psammitica White mahogany 89 2009 Eucalyptus pyrocarpa Large fruited Blackbutt 98 2009 Eucalyptus retinens Eucalypt 69 2008 Eucalyptus rummeryi Steel Box 100 2009 Eucalyptus scoparia Wallangarra White Gum Vulnerable 17 2001 Eucalyptus scopulorum Eucalypt 100 2006 Eucalyptus seeana Narrow-leaved Red Gum 50 2010 Eucalyptus subcaerulea Eucalypt 100 1999 Eucalyptus tetrapleura Square-fruited Ironbark Vulnerable 100 2008 Eucalyptus tindaliae Queensland White Stringybark 50 2008 Eucalyptus umbellata Stroud Forest Red Gum 100 1951

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 50 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Eucalyptus williamsiana Williams Stringybark 67 2005 Gossia fragrantissima Sweet Myrtle Endangered 81 2009 Homoranthus floydii Myrtle 100 2005 Homoranthus lunatus Myrtle Vulnerable 43 2004 Homoranthus prolixus Myrtle Vulnerable 19 2004 Kunzea a Kunzea 86 2007 Leptospermum gregarium Tea tree 69 2006 Melaleuca alternifolia Snow-in-summer 79 2009 Melaleuca biconvexa Honey-myrtle Vulnerable 9 2010 Melaleuca tortifolia Honey-myrtle 100 1999 Ochrosperma citriodorum Myrtle 100 1999 Pilidiostigma glabrum Plum Myrtle 66 2009 Rhodamnia maideniana Smooth Scrub Turpentine 64 2010 Sannantha crassa Baeckea 56 2007 Sannantha similis Baeckea 50 2008 Syzygium anisatum Native Cherry 100 2006 Syzygium corynanthum Sour Cherry 54 2009 Syzygium crebrinerve Rose Satinash 59 2009 Syzygium hodgkinsoniae Smooth-Bark Rose Apple Vulnerable 64 2009 Syzygium moorei Rose Apple Vulnerable 76 2010 Syzygium paniculatum Scrub Cherry Vulnerable 3 2004 Triplarina imbricata Myrtle Endangered 47 1997 Uromyrtus australis Peach Myrtle Endangered 90 2003 Uromyrtus lamingtonensis Myrtle 50 1994 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Myrtaceae.

Oxalidales Cunoniaceae Christmas Bushes and (13 out of 37 species in Australia) Mararas Caldcluvia paniculosa Corkwood 61 2009 Davidsonia 1 Endangered 100 1990 (mullumbimby - currumbin ck.) Davidsonia johnsonii Endangered 67 2008 Geissois benthamiana Red Carabeen 76 2008 Vesselowskya rubifolia Southern Marara 69 2008 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Cunoniaceae.

Pandanales Pandanaceae Pandans and Allies (2 out of 23 species in Australia) Freycinetia excelsa 50 2008 Pandanus tectorius 77 2008

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 51 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Pinales Cupressaceae Native Cypress (8 out of 23 species in Australia) Callitris oblonga Tasmanian Cypress Pine Vulnerable 33 2008 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Cupressaceae.

Poales Cyperaceae Sedges (192 out of 731 species in Australia) Carex hubbardii 55 2007 Carex lobolepis 66 2003 Cyperus disjunctus 73 2004 Cyperus filipes 97 2008 Cyperus rupicola 60 1980 Cyperus semifertilis Vulnerable 20 1996 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Cyperaceae.

Poaceae Grasses (220 out of 1057 species in Australia) Alexfloydia repens 100 2008 Arthraxon hispidus small carpgrass, hairy jointgrass Vulnerable 63 2009 Bothriochloa biloba Vulnerable 5 2004 Deyeuxia acuminata 83 1998 Deyeuxia mckiei 62 1999 Deyeuxia parviseta 55 2009 Deyeuxia reflexa 86 2001 Dichanthium setosum Vulnerable 13 2008 Digitaria porrecta Endangered <1 Paspalidium breviflorum 50 2003 Paspalidium grandispiculatum Vulnerable 31 1997 Potamophila parviflora 94 2008 Sylvipoa queenslandica 53 2005 This region rates highly for endemism of Poaceae.

Restionaceae Restiona Sedges (19 out of 146 species in Australia) Lepyrodia 70 2008 sp. a This region rates highly for richness of Restionaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 52 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Proteales Proteaceae Banksias, Grevilleas (108 out of 1147 species in Australia) and Allies Alloxylon pinnatum Tree Waratah 70 2005 Eidothea hardeniana Eidothea Critically 100 2008 endangered Floydia praealta Ball Nut Vulnerable 47 2008 Grevillea acerata Grevillea 89 1999 Grevillea banyabba Grevillea Vulnerable 100 2007 Grevillea beadleana Grevillea Endangered 72 2002 Grevillea caleyi Caley's Grevillea Endangered 14 1997 Grevillea guthrieana Grevillea Endangered 62 2008 Grevillea linsmithii Grevillea 72 2008 Grevillea masonii Grevillea Endangered 100 2009 Grevillea mollis Grevillea Endangered 100 2000 Grevillea quadricauda Grevillea Vulnerable 50 2008 Grevillea rhizomatosa Grevillea Vulnerable 100 1999 Grevillea scortechinii Grevillea 60 2009 Hakea archaeoides Hakea Vulnerable 67 2007 Hakea fraseri Fraser's Hakea Vulnerable 23 2008 Hakea ochroptera Hakea 100 2006 Hakea trineura Hakea Vulnerable 14 2001 Helicia ferruginea Rusty Helicia 58 2009 Hicksbeachia pinnatifolia Monkey Nut Vulnerable 84 2010 Isopogon mnoraifolius Isopogon 100 2007 Macadamia integrifolia Macadamia Nut Vulnerable 14 2008 Macadamia tetraphylla Queensland Nut Vulnerable 65 2009 Orites excelsus Prickly Ash 59 2009 Persoonia adenantha Persoonia 65 2009 Persoonia conjuncta Persoonia 88 2010 Persoonia daphnoides Persoonia 50 1999 Persoonia media Persoonia 69 2009 Persoonia nutans Persoonia Endangered 4 1994 Persoonia oleoides Persoonia 75 2008 Persoonia procumbens Persoonia 100 2008 Persoonia rufa Persoonia 100 1999 Persoonia stradbrokensis Persoonia 70 2010 Telopea aspera Waratah 100 2005 Triunia youngiana Spice Bush 81 2009

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 53 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Ranunculales Menispermaceae Snake, Round-leaf and (8 out of 24 species in Australia) Pearl Vines Echinostephia aculeata 60 2006 Tinospora tinosporoides Vulnerable 94 2009 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Menispermaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 54 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Sapindales Burseraceae Canarium and Garuga (2 out of 7 species in Australia) Canarium australasicum 100 2009

Meliaceae Rosewoods and (9 out of 44 species in Australia) Mahoganies Dysoxylum fraserianum Rose Mahogany 55 2009 Owenia cepiodora Onion Cedar Vulnerable 79 2009 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Meliaceae.

Rutaceae Boronia, Correa, Citrus, (100 out of 496 species in Australia) Phebalium, Philotheca, Zieria and Allies Acradenia euodiiformis Yellow Satinheart 70 2008 Acronychia baeuerlenii Byron Bay Acronychia 70 2009 Acronychia littoralis Scented Acronychia Endangered 82 2008 Acronychia octandra Doughwood 67 2009 Acronychia pubescens Hairy Acronychia 54 2009 Acronychia suberosa Corky Acronychia 69 2005 Boronia chartacea Boronia 100 2003 Boronia granitica Granite Boronia Endangered 3 2003 Boronia hapalophylla Boronia 100 2009 Boronia repanda Repand Boronia Endangered 17 1997 Boronia safrolifera Safrole Boronia 61 2009 Boronia umbellata Boronia Vulnerable 93 2009 Bosistoa floydii Five-leaf Bosistoa 92 2009 Bosistoa transversa Three-leaved Bosistoa Vulnerable 14 2009 Leionema elatius Leionema 59 2008 Melicope hayesii Small Leaved Doughwood 88 2009 Philotheca papillata Philotheca 100 2007 Zieria floydii Zieria Endangered 50 2003 Zieria granulata Illawarra Zieria Endangered 45 2008 Zieria hindii Zieria 100 1997 Zieria lasiocaulis Zieria Endangered 90 2005 Zieria prostrata Zieria Endangered 78 2007 Zieria southwellii Zieria 70 2006 Zieria Zieria 100 1995 sp. cathedral rock Zieria Zieria 100 2002 sp. oxley wild rivers n.p. This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Rutaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 55 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Sapindaceae Tamarind, Whitewood, (49 out of 222 species in Australia) Tuckeroo, Hop Bushes Alectryon forsythii George Alectryon 57 2008 Cupaniopsis newmanii Long Leaved Tuckeroo 61 2010 Diploglottis campbellii Small Leaved Tamarind Endangered 68 2009 Dodonaea serratifolia Hop Bush 93 2007 Harpullia alata Wing Leaved Tulipwood 57 2009 Sarcopteryx stipata Corduroy Tree 61 2009 Toechima dasyrrhache Blunt Leaved Steelwood 74 2009 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Sapindaceae.

Simaroubaceae Native Plum and Allies (4 out of 14 species in Australia) Quassia bidwillii Quassia Vulnerable 2 1993 Quassia Quassia Endangered 100 2010 sp. moonee creek Quassia Quassia 86 2006 sp. mt nardi This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Simaroubaceae.

Saxifragales Haloragaceae Raspworts and Milfoils (22 out of 112 species in Australia) Gonocarpus chinensis 88 2007 Gonocarpus oreophilus 87 2007

Solanales Solanaceae Native Gooseberries, (39 out of 210 species in Australia) Wild Tomatos and Boxthorns Solanum acanthodapis 100 2006 Solanum curvicuspe Nightshade 67 2000 Solanum densevestitum Felty Nightshade 61 2009 Solanum hapalum Nightshade 78 2008 Solanum inaequilaterum Nightshade 80 2006 Solanum neoanglicum Nightshade 100 2005 Solanum nobile Nightshade 82 2008 Solanum vicinum Nightshade 68 2009 This region rates highly for richness and endemism of Solanaceae.

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 56 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Proportion of Most EPBC sampled range recent Common Name Status in the region (%) record

Unplaced dicots Boraginaceae Forget-me-not (6 out of 127 species in Australia) Ehretia acuminata 52 2009

Vitales Vitaceae (7 out of 28 species in Australia) Cayratia acris 100 2007 Cayratia eurynema 77 2009 Cissus antarctica 56 2010 Cissus sterculiifolia 86 2009 Tetrastigma nitens 67 2009

Zingiberales Zingiberaceae Native Ginger and Allies (2 out of 13 species in Australia) Alpinia arundelliana 68 2009 Alpinia caerulea 80 2010

Species are shown only if: - listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Page 57 of 73 21-Jan-11 Endangered, or Conservation dependent under the EPBC Act; - the proportion of the sampled range in the region is above 50%. Biodiversity summary for Northern Rivers NSW

Appendix 1 List of all families covered by the Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool

These families of plants and animals are included in NRM region summaries where they occur in the region.

The groups covered across Australia include:

• all vertebrates - i.e. mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish (4,200 species)

• 137 families of vascular plants (> 15,000 species) comprising the majority of Australia’s named plant species

• A range of invertebrate groups including: - numerous insect families (> 16,600 species) - all land snails (> 2,300 species) - selected spider families (> 1,100 species) - rotifers – aquatic wheel animals (> 700 species)

Vertebrate fauna Actinopterygii Ray-finned fish Ambassidae Chanda Perches, Glassfishes, Perchlets Apogonidae Big Eyes, Cardinal Fishes, Cardinalfishes, Gobbleguts, Soldier Ariidae Fork-tailed Catfishes Atherinidae Hardyheads, Silversides, Whitebait Batrachoididae Bastard Stonefish, Frogfishes, Toadfishes Belonidae Long Toms, Longtoms, Needle Fishes, Needlefishes Blenniidae Blennies, Fangblennies, Rockshippers Brachionichthyidae Handfishes Carangidae Amberjacks, Jacks, Pilotfishes, Pompanos, Queenfishes, Run Cepolidae Bandfishes Chanidae Milkfish Clinidae Snake Blennies, Weedfishes Clupeidae Herrings, Menhadens, Pilchards, Sardines, Shads, Sprats Cynoglossidae Tongue Soles Diodontidae Burrfishes, Porcupinefishes Eleotridae Gudgeons, Sleepers Elopidae Ladyfish Engraulidae Anchovies Enoplosidae Oldwife Ephippidae Batfishes, Spadefishes Galaxiidae Galaxias, Salamanderfish Gerreidae Mojarras, Silver Biddies, Silver-bellies, Silverbellies, Silverbiddi Gobiidae Gobies Gonorynchidae Beaked Salmon, Beaked Sandfish, Ratfish Hemiramphidae Garfishes, Halfbeaks

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Vertebrate fauna Kuhliidae Flagtails Kurtidae Nurseryfishes Kyphosidae Drummers, Halfmoons, Knifefishes, Microcanthids, Nibblers, S Labridae Wrasses, Parrotfishes, Rockwhitings Leiognathidae Pony Fishes, Ponyfishes, Slipmouths Lutjanidae Fusilers, Hussars, Snappers, Tropical Snappers Megalopidae Tarpons Melanotaeniidae Rainbowfishes Microdesmidae Dartfishes, Wormfishes Monacanthidae Leatherjackets Mugilidae Mullets Muraenidae Moray Eels Ophichthidae Snake Eels, Worm Eels Osteoglossidae Saratoga Ostraciidae Boxfishes, Coffer Fishes, Cowfishes, Trunkfishes, Turretfishes Paralichthyidae Sand Flounders Percichthyidae Australian Freshwater Basses, Australian Freshwater Blackfish Platycephalidae Flatheads Pleuronectidae Right Handed Flatfishes, Righteye Flounders Plotosidae Eel-Tailed Catfishes Polynemidae Tassel-fishes, Threadfin Salmons, Threadfins Pomacentridae Damselfishes Pomatomidae Bluefish, Tailor Pristigasteridae Ilishas, Pellonas, Pristigasterids Pseudomugilidae Blue Eyes, Blue-eyes Retropinnidae Southern Graylings, Southern Smelts Scatophagidae Butterfishes, Scats Sciaenidae Croakers, Drums, Jewfishes Serranidae Basslets, Perchlets, Rockcods, Wirrahs Siganidae Mi Mi, Rabbit Fish, Rabbitfishes, Spinefoot Sillaginidae Sillagos, Whitings Soleidae Soles Sparidae Breams, Porgies, Seabreams Synbranchidae One-gilled Eel, Swamp Eels Syngnathidae Pipefishes, Seahorses Synodontidae Lizardfishes Terapontidae Grunters Tetraodontidae Blowfishes, Pufferfishes, Puffers, Toadfishes, Tobys Tetrarogidae Fortesques, Sailback Scorpionfishes, Waspfish Toxotidae Archerfishes, Rifle Fish Zanclidae Moorish Idol Amphibia Amphibians Hylidae Tree-Frogs Microhylidae Micro Tree-Frogs Myobatrachidae Myobatrachid or Southern Frogs Ranidae True Frogs Aves Birds Acanthizidae Scrubwrens, Thornbills and Allies Accipitridae Eagles, Hawks and Kites

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Vertebrate fauna Aegothelidae Owlet Nightjars Alaudidae Larks Alcedinidae Kingfishers and Kookaburras Anatidae Swans, Ducks and Geese Anhingidae Darter Anseranatidae Magpie Goose Apodidae Swifts and Swiftlets Ardeidae Herons, Egrets and Bitterns Artamidae Butcherbirds, Currawongs and Woodswallows Atrichornithidae Scrub-birds Burhinidae Thicknees (Stone-Curlews) Cacatuidae Cockatoos Campephagidae Cuckoo-shrikes, Trillers and Minivets Caprimulgidae Nightjars Casuariidae Cassowary and Emus Centropodidae Pheasant Coucal Charadriidae Plovers, Dotterels and Lapwings Ciconiidae Black-necked Stork Climacteridae Treecreepers Columbidae Pigeons and Doves Coraciidae Dollarbird Corcoracidae Australasian Mud-nesters Corvidae Crows and Jays Cuculidae Cuckoos Dicaeidae Flower-peckers Dicruridae Fan-tails, Drongos and Monarchs Diomedeidae Albatrosses Estrildidae Grass Finches Eupetidae Whipbirds, Quail-thrushes and Jewel-babblers Falconidae Falcons and Kestrels Fregatidae Frigatebirds Glareolidae Pratincoles Gruidae Cranes Haematopodidae Oystercatchers Hirundinidae Swallows and Martins Hydrobatidae Storm-petrels Jacanidae Jacanas Laridae Gulls, Terns, Skuas and Jaegers Maluridae Fairy-wrens and Grasswrens Megapodiidae Mound-builders Meliphagidae Honeyeaters and Australian Chats Menuridae Lyrebirds Meropidae Rainbow Bee-eater Motacillidae Pipits and Wagtails Muscicapidae Old World Flycatchers and Thrushes Nectariniidae Sunbirds and Spiderhunters Neosittidae Australian Sitella Oriolidae Old World Orioles and Figbirds Orthonychidae Logrunners Otididae Australian Bustard Pachycephalidae Whistlers, Shrike-thrushes and Allies

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Vertebrate fauna Paradisaeidae Birds-of-Paradise Pardalotidae Pardalotes Pedionomidae Plains-wanderer Pelecanidae Pelicans Petroicidae Australasian Robins Phaethonitidae Tropicbirds Phalacrocoracidae Cormorants and Shags Phasianidae Quail, Fowl and Allies Pittidae Pittas Podargidae Frogmouths Podicipedidae Grebes Pomatostomidae Australasian Babblers Procellariidae Fulmars, Petrels, Prions and Shearwaters Psittacidae Parrots Ptilonorhynchidae Bowerbirds Rallidae Crakes, Moorhens, Rails and Allies Recurvirostridae Stilts and Avocet Rostratulidae Painted Snipe Scolopacidae Waders (Snipe, Godwits, Curlew, Sandpipers and Allies) Spheniscidae Penguins Strigidae Hawk-type Owls Sturnidae Starlings and Mynas Sulidae Boobies and Gannets Sylviidae Old World Warblers Threskiornithidae Ibis and Spoonbills Turnicidae Button-quail Tytonidae Barn-type Owls Zosteropidae White-eyes (Silvereyes) Chondrichthyes Sharks and rays Alopiidae Thresher Sharks Dasyatidae Stingrays Lamnidae Mackeral, White Pointer, Mako and Porbeagle Sharks Pristidae Sawfishes Mammalia Mammals Acrobatidae Feathertailed Gliders Burramyidae Pygmy-possums Dasyuridae Dasyurids (Quolls, Antechinus, Dunnarts and Allies) Delphinidae Dolphins, Orcas,Pilot Whales and Melon-headed Whales Emballonuridae Sheath-tailed Bats Hipposideridae Leaf-nosed Bats Kogiidae Dwarf and Pygmy Sperm Whales Macropodidae Wallabies, Kangaroos and Tree-kangaroos Megadermatidae False Vampire (Ghost) Bats Molossidae Free-tailed Bats Muridae Rats and Mice Myrmecobiidae Numbat Notoryctidae Marsupial Mole Ornithorhynchidae Platypus Otariidae Eared Seals

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Vertebrate fauna Peramelidae Bandicoots and Spiny Bandicoot Petauridae Wrist-winged Gliders, Striped Possum and Leadbeaters Possu Phalangeridae Brushtail Possums, Cuscuses and Scaly-tailed Possum Phascolarctidae Phocidae True Seals Phocoenidae Porpoises Physeteridae Sperm Whales Potoroidae Pottoroos, Bettongs and the Musky Rat Kangaroo Pseudocheiridae Ring-tailed Possums and Greater Glider Pteropodidae Fruit-bats and Allies Rhinolophidae Horseshoe Bats Tachyglossidae Echidna Tarsipedidae Honey Possum Thylacinidae Thylacine Thylacomyidae Bilbies Vespertilionidae Vespertilionid Bats Vombatidae Ziphiidae Beaked Whales Petromyzontida Petromyzontidae Lampreys Reptilia Reptiles Acrochordidae File snakes Agamidae Dragon lizards Boidae Pythons Carettochelydidae Pitted-shelled turtle Chelidae Side-necked Tortoises Colubridae Rear fang snakes Crocodylidae Crocodiles Elapidae Front fang snakes Gekkonidae Geckos Pygopodidae Legless lizards Scincidae Skinks Typhlopidae Worm-snakes and Blind-Snakes Varanidae Monitors Sarcopterygii Lobe-finned fish Ceratodontidae Lungfishes

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Invertebrate fauna Arachnida Spiders, mites and ticks Actinopodidae Two-doored Trapdoor Spiders Araneidae Orb-weaving Spiders Barychelidae Brush-footed Trapdoor Spiders Chthoniidae Ctenizidae Trapdoor Spiders Cyrtaucheniidae Trapdoor Spiders Dipluridae Funnel-web-like Spiders Garypidae Hexathelidae Funnel-web Spiders Idiopidae Trapdoor Spiders Lycosidae Wolf Spiders Migidae Brushless-legged Trapdoor Spiders Nemesiidae Funnel-web Spiders Sparassidae Huntsmen Spiders (formerly Heteropodidae) Theraphosidae Bird-eating Trapdoor Spiders Bivalvia Bivalves Hyriidae Freshwater Mussels Sphaeriidae Pea-shells Chilopoda Centipedes Scolopendridae Diplopoda Millipedes Dalodesmidae Metopidiotrichidae Pachybolidae Paradoxosomatidae Eurotatoria Wheel Animals Adinetidae Rotifers with Undifferentiated Cilia Asplanchnidae Sac-like Wheel Animals Atrochidae Sessile Wheel Animals Brachionidae Sac-like Wheel Animal Collothecidae Sessile Wheel Animals Conochilidae Six-"armed" Wheel Animals Dicranophoridae Tong-grabbing Wheel Animals Epiphanidae Shell-less Wheel Animals Euchlanidae Wheel Animals Flosculariidae Sessile-footed Wheel Animals Gastropodidae Shelled Wheel Animals Habrotrochidae Rotifers with Paired Trochi Hexarthridae Gelatinous-colonial Wheel Animals Ituridae Shelled Wheel Animals Lecanidae Shelled Wheel Animal Lepadellidae Wheel Animals Lindiidae Wheel Animals Microcodonidae Wheel Animals Mytilinidae Wheel Animals Notommatidae Pseudo-segmented Wheel Animals

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Invertebrate fauna Philodinavidae Rotifers with Simplified Trochi Philodinidae Rotifers with Paired Trochi Proalidae Worm-like Wheel Animals Scaridiidae Wheel Animals Synchaetidae Sac-, Bell- or Cone-shaped Wheel Animals Testudinellidae Free-swimming Round-shelled Wheel Animals Tetrasiphonidae Wheel Animal Trichocercidae Comma-like Wheel Animals Trichotriidae Wheel Animals Trochosphaeridae Globular Wheel Animals Gastropoda Snails Achatinellidae Conical-shelled Land Snails Amphibolidae Supra-littoral Globose "Land" Snails Ancylidae Freshwater Limpets Assimineidae Freshwater, Land and Saltmarsh Snails Athoracophoridae Triangular Mantled Slugs Bithyniidae Operculate Freshwater Snails Bulimulidae Elongate High-spired Land Snails Camaenidae Camaenid Land Snails Caryodidae Giant Land Snails Cerastuidae Land Snails Charopidae Flattened and Turbinate Land Snails Corillidae Land Snail Cyclophoridae Horny Circular Operculate Land Snails Cystopeltidae Australian "Half" Slugs Diplommatinidae Circular Operculate Land Snails Ellobiidae Primitive Supralittoral Pulmonate Snails Glacidorbidae Freshwater Snails Helicarionidae Helicarionid Land Snails Helicinidae Top-shaped Operculate Land Snails Helicodiscidae Stenopylis Land Snail Hydrobiidae Freshwater Operculate Snails Hydrocenidae Calcareous Operculate Land Snails Hydrococcidae Paucispiral Operculate Saltmarsh Snails Iravadiidae Estuarine and Marine Operculate Snails Lymnaeidae Eutrophic Freshwater Snails Megaspiridae Coelocion Land Snail Neritidae Calcareous Operculate Marine and Estuarine Snails Planorbidae Freshwater Snails Pomatiopsidae Salt-lake Snails Punctidae Translucent Frosted Land Snails Pupillidae Pupa-shaped Shelled Land Snails Pupinidae Glossy and Porcellaneous Operculate Land Snails Rathouisiidae Carnivorous Primitive Slugs Rhytididae Carnivorous Land Snails Subulinidae Elongate Land Snails Succineidae Amber Land Snails Thiaridae Freshwater Horny Operculate Snails Trochomorphidae Native Slug Truncatellidae Supralittoral Calcareous Operculate Snails

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Invertebrate fauna Viviparidae Freshwater Subspiral Horny Operculate Snails Insecta Insects Acanthosomatidae Shield Bugs Achilidae Aenictopecheidae Aenictopecheidae Aeshnidae Hawker, Duskhawker and Emperor Damselflies Aleyrodidae Whiteflies Anthocoridae Aphididae Aphids Aphylidae Apidae Social Bees Apioceridae Flower-loving Flies Aradidae Flat bugs, Bark bugs Archipetalidae Tasmanian Redspot Dragonfly Artheneidae Asilidae Robber Flies Atriplectididae Caddisflies Austrocorduliidae Hawk, Mosquitohawk and Swiftwing Dragonflies Austropetaliidae Redspot Dragonflies Baetidae Blue-winged Olive Mayflies, Small Mayflies Belostomatidae Berytidae Stilt bugs Blissidae Chinch Bugs Bombyliidae Bee Flies Buprestidae Jewel Beetles Calocidae Caddisflies Carabidae Ground Beetles Ceratocombidae Cercopidae Chlorocyphidae Jewel Damselflies Chorismagrionidae Pretty Relict Damselfly Cicadidae Cixiidae Coccidae Coenagrionidae Bluetail and Thin Damselflies Colletidae Short-tongued Bees Colobathristidae Conoesucidae Caddisflies Cordulephyidae Shutwing Dragonflies Corduliidae Tigerhawk and Emerald Dragonflies Coreidae Corixidae Waterboatmen Cryptorhamphidae Cydnidae Burrower Bugs Cymidae Delphacidae Diaspididae Armoured Scales, Diaspids Dinidoridae Diphlebiidae Rockmaster Damselflies Dipsocoridae

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Invertebrate fauna Dytiscidae Dytiscidine Water Beetles Ecnomidae Caseless Caddisflies Enicocephalidae Eriococcidae Eurybrachyidae Flatidae Formicidae Ants Gelastocoridae Toad Bugs Geocoridae Gerridae Water-striders Glossosomatidae Stone-case Caddisflies Gomphidae Dragon, Hunter and Vicetail Dragonflies Gomphomacromiidae Urfly Dragonflies Gyrinidae Gyrinid Water Beetles Halictidae Haliplidae Haliplid Water Beetles Helicophidae Caddisflies Helicopsychidae Snail Case Caddisflies Hemicorduliidae Emerald and Swamp Emerald Dragonflies Hemiphlebiidae Ancient Greenling Hesperiidae Skippers, flats, awls & darts Heterogastridae Hydrobiosidae Caddisflies Hydrometridae Marsh Treaders, Water Measurers Hydrophilidae Water Beetle Hydropsychidae Net Spinning Caddisflies Hydroptilidae Micro Caddisflies Hygrobiidae Hygrobiid Water Beetles Hyocephalidae Idiostolidae Isostictidae Wiretail and Pin Damselflies Kalotermitidae Termite Kokiriidae Caddisflies Largidae Leptoceridae Long-horned Caddisflies Leptophlebiidae Prong Gilled Mayflies Leptopodidae Leptopodidae Lestidae Ringtail, Reedling and Dusky Spreadwing Damselflies Lestoidedae Bluestreak Damselflies Lestoniidae Libellulidae Perchers, Archtails and other Dragonflies Lindeniidae Tiger Dragonflies Lycaenidae Blues, Coppers, Hairstreaks and Metalmarks Lygaeidae Macromiidae Cruiser Dragonflies Mastotermitidae Giant Northern Termite Megachilidae Megapodagrionidae Flatwing Damselflies Membracidae Horned Treehoppers Mesoveliidae Miridae Miridae

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Invertebrate fauna Mydidae Mydas Flies, Wasp-mimic Flies Nabidae Naucoridae Nepidae Water Scorpions Nesameletidae Mayflies Ninidae Noteridae Noterid Water Beetles Notonectidae Backswimmers Nymphalidae Browns, Nymphs, Danaines Ochteridae Velvety Shore Bugs Oeconesidae Caddisflies Oniscigastridae Mayflies Oxycarenidae Oxygastridae Orange Streamcruiser Dragonfly Pachygronthidae Papilionidae Swallowtails Peloridiidae Moss Bugs Pentatomidae Stinkbugs Petaluridae Petaltail Dragonflies Philopotamidae Finger Net caddisflies, Silken Tube Spinners Philorheithridae Caddisflies Pieridae Whites and Yellows Piesmatidae Plataspidae Plectrotarsidae Caddisflies Pleidae Pygmy Backswimmers Polycentropodidae Caseless Caddisflies Prosopistomatidae Mayflies Protoneuridae Threadtail Damselflies Pseudococcidae Mealy Bugs Pseudocorduliidae Mistfly Dragonflies Psyllidae Pyrrhocoridae Reduviidae Assassin Bugs Rhinotermitidae Termite Rhopalidae Rhyparochromidae Seed Bugs Schizopteridae Scutelleridae Stenopsychidae Caddisflies Stenotritidae Synlestidae Whitetip and Needle Damselflies Synthemistidae Spottail and Tigertail Dragonflies Tasimiidae Tasimiidae Telephlebiidae Darner Dragonflies Termitidae Termite Termopsidae Termite Tessaratomidae Tettigarctidae Thaumastocoridae Therevidae Stiletto Flies

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Invertebrate fauna Tingidae Lacebugs Triozidae Urothemistidae Basker, Pennant and Baron Dragonflies Veliidae Small Water Striders, Riffle Bugs Malacostraca Crabs, lobsters, shrimps and woodlice Eusiridae Hadziidae Hyalidae Hypsimetopodidae Phreatoicidean Isopods Melitidae Neoniphargidae Paracalliopiidae Paramelitidae Phreatoicidae Phreatoicidean Isopods Phreatoicopsinae Phreatoicidean Isopods Talitridae sandfleas, sandhoppers, landhoppers Polychaeta Bristleworms, Scale Worms, Fan Worms, Rag Wor Aphroditidae sea mice Cirratulidae Cirratulid worms Sigalionidae scale worm

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Vascular flora Cycadopsida Cycads Cycadaceae Native Cycads Zamiaceae Native Cycads Liliopsida Monocots Alismataceae Water Plantains Amaryllidaceae Anarthriaceae Aponogetonaceae Pond Lilies Araceae Settlers Flax, Cunjevoi, Native Lilies Arecaceae Palms Asphodelaceae Native Leek Asteliaceae Palm-Lilies and Allies Blandfordiaceae Christmas Bells Boryaceae Pincushion Lillies Burmanniaceae Burmannias Campynemataceae Centrolepidaceae Centrolepid Sedges Colchicaceae Nancies and Allies Cyperaceae Sedges Dioscoreaceae Native Yams Ecdeiocoleaceae Eriocaulaceae Pipeworts Flagellariaceae Whip Vine Haemodoraceae Bloodroots, Conostyles, Kangaroo Paws and their Allies Hemerocallidaceae Hydrocharitaceae Swamp Lily, Eel Weed, Frogbit and Water Thyme Hypoxidaceae Native Lilies Iridaceae Irises and Allies Juncaceae Rushes Juncaginaceae Water Ribbons Luzuriagaceae Orange and Turquoise Berries Musaceae Native Bananas Orchidaceae Orchids Pandanaceae Pandans and Allies Petermanniaceae Philesiaceae Philydraceae Frogsmouths and Stream Lilies Poaceae Grasses Pontederiaceae Water Hyacinths and Allies Potamogetonaceae Sea Grasses and Horned Pondweeds, Pondweed Restionaceae Restiona Sedges Ripogonaceae Ruppiaceae Smilacaceae Lawyer Vines, Supplejack, Wombat Berry and Scrambling Lily Sparganiaceae Floating Bur Reed Stemonaceae Stemona Climbers Taccaceae Arrowroot and Allies Thismiaceae Fairy Lanterns Typhaceae Cumbungi and Allies Xanthorrhoeaceae Grass Trees, Lomandras and Allies

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Vascular flora Xyridaceae Xyris Herbs Zingiberaceae Native Ginger and Allies Magnoliopsida Dicots Achariaceae Aizoaceae Pigfaces Akaniaceae Turnip Wood Amaranthaceae Pigweed Anacardiaceae Bollygum, Native Plum Aphanopetalaceae Asteraceae Daisies and Allies Atherospermataceae Austrobaileyaceae Austrobaileyas Balanopaceae Pimplebark Balanophoraceae Balanophoras Bombacaceae Baobabs Boraginaceae Forget-me-not Burseraceae Canarium and Garuga Calycanthaceae Cardiopteridaceae Peripterygium Vines Caryophyllaceae Pin Cushion, Wort Casuarinaceae She-oaks Chenopodiaceae Saltbushes and Allies Combretaceae Plums, Bullwaddies, Mangroves and Bushwillow Connaraceae Connara Climbers Convolvulaceae Bindweed, Morning Glory Cunoniaceae Christmas Bushes and Mararas Dichapetalaceae Dichapetals Dilleniaceae Guinea Flowers Droseraceae Sundews Elaeagnaceae Oleaster Epacridaceae Southern Heaths Ericaceae Heathers and Rhododendrons Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylum Euphorbiaceae Spurges Eupomatiaceae Bolwarra Fabaceae Peas Haloragaceae Raspworts and Milfoils Hernandiaceae Hernandias and Valvantheras Himantandraceae Galbulimimas Hydatellaceae Hydatellid Herbs Lauraceae Laurels, Camphorwood and Australian Walnuts Leeaceae Leeas Lentibulariaceae Bladderworts Limeaceae Linderniaceae Lythraceae Loosestrifes Melastomataceae Native Lasiandra and Allies Meliaceae Rosewoods and Mahoganies Menispermaceae Snake, Round-leaf and Pearl Vines Menyanthaceae Marshwort

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Vascular flora Molluginaceae Carpet Weed, Herb Monimiaceae Sassafras, Beech Myrtaceae Native Myrtles Nelumbonaceae Waterlilies Nepenthaceae Nepenthes Pitcher Plants Nitrariaceae Nyctaginaceae Tarvine, Pisonia and Birdlime Trees Ochnaceae Brackenridgea Onagraceae Water Primrose and Willowherbs Opiliaceae Oplilia Climbers Orobanchaceae Phrymaceae Phyllanthaceae Phytolaccaceae Introduced Monococcus Picrodendraceae Portulacaceae Purslane Proteaceae Banksias, Grevilleas and Allies Putranjivaceae Rhizophoraceae Mangroves Rutaceae Boronia, Correa, Citrus, Phebalium, Philotheca, Zieria and Allie Sapindaceae Tamarind, Whitewood, Tuckeroo, Hop Bushes Scrophulariaceae Figworts Simaroubaceae Native Plum and Allies Solanaceae Native Gooseberries, Wild Tomatos and Boxthorns Sphenocleaceae Sterculiaceae Kurrajongs and Bottletrees Stylidiaceae Triggerplants and Allies Thymelaeaceae Pimeleas Tiliaceae Trimeniaceae Trimenia Vitaceae Winteraceae Pepper Trees Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllaceae Pinopsida Pines and Allies Araucariaceae Araucaria Pines Cupressaceae Native Cypress Podocarpaceae Podocarp Pines

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Appendix 2 Acknowledgements

Thank you to the following organisations and individuals for providing species location data used in the Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool (ANHAT) to generate this Biodiversity Summary.

Council of Heads of Australian Faunal Collections (CHAFC) ANHAT acknowledges the Council of Heads of Australian Fauna Collections (CHAFC) for supply of data from the following CHAFC member institutions: • Australian Museum • CSIRO Australian National Insect Collection • Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory • Museum Victoria • Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery (Launceston) • Queensland Museum • South Australian Museum • Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery (Hobart) • Western Australian Museum

The taxonomic concepts used in this report reflect an ANHAT view of the data and not necessarily that of the CHAFC parent Museums.

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (CHAH) ANHAT acknowledges the Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria Inc. (CHAH Inc.) and partners in Australia’s Virtual Herbarium (AVH) for the supply of data from the AVH. The AVH is a collaborative project of Australian State, Territory and Commonwealth herbaria through CHAH Inc. and includes: • Australian National Herbarium (CANB) • National Herbarium of New South Wales (NSW) Botanic Gardens Trust • Herbarium of the Northern Territory (DNA, NT) • Queensland Herbarium (BRI) • State Herbarium of South Australia (AD) • Tasmanian Herbarium (HO) • National Herbarium of Victoria (MEL) Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne • Western Australian Herbarium (PERTH).

The taxonomic concepts used in this report reflect an ANHAT view of the data and not necessarily that of the AVH parent Herbaria.

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Other Government Organisations • Commonwealth Department of Defence • Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities • New South Wales - Department of Environment and Climate Change • New South Wales - Department of Primary Industry, Forests NSW • Northern Territory - Department of Natural Resources, Environment and the Arts • Queensland - Environmental Protection Agency, WildNet • South Australia - Department for Environment and Heritage (Biological Survey of South Australia Database) • Tasmania - Department of Primary Industries and Water (Natural Values Atlas) • Victoria - Department of Sustainability and Environment • Western Australia - Department of Environment and Conservation

Non-government • Birds Australia • Mr Russell Sheil - Rotifers of Australia • Mr David Crosby - Lepidoptera of Victoria

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