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Yumurtalik – Kokar Burnu Açiklari ) Zooplankton Dağilimi Ve Mevsimsel Değişimi

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Yumurtalik – Kokar Burnu Açiklari ) Zooplankton Dağilimi Ve Mevsimsel Değişimi ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ DOKTORA TEZİ Benin TOKLU İSKENDERUN KÖRFEZİ (YUMURTALIK – KOKAR BURNU AÇIKLARI ) ZOOPLANKTON DAĞILIMI VE MEVSİMSEL DEĞİŞİMİ SU ÜRÜNLERİ ANABİLİM DALI ADANA, 2006 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ İSKENDERUN KÖRFEZİ (YUMURTALIK – KOKAR BURNU AÇIKLARI ) ZOOPLANKTON DAĞILIMI VE MEVSİMSEL DEĞİŞİMİ Benin TOKLU DOKTORA TEZİ SU ÜRÜNLERİ ANA BİLİM DALI Bu tez / /2006 Tarihinde Aşağıdaki Jüri Üyeleri Tarafından Oybirliği İle Kabul Edilmiştir. İmza.................................... İmza.................................... İmza.................................... Prof. Dr. Ercan SARIHAN Prof. Dr.İsmet ÖZEL Prof. Dr. Oya IŞIK DANIŞMAN ÜYE ÜYE İmza.................................... İmza.................................... Doç.Dr.Sevim POLAT Doç.Dr. Şengül BEŞİKTEPE ÜYE ÜYE Bu tez Enstitümüz Su Ürünleri Anabilim Dalında hazırlanmıştır. Kod No: Prof. Dr. Aziz ERTUNÇ Enstitü Müdürü İmza ve Mühür Bu Çalışma Ç. Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi Tarafından Desteklenmiştir. Proje No: FBE2002D140 Not: Bu tezde kullanılan özgün ve başka kaynaktan yapılan bildirişlerin, çizelge, şekil ve fotoğrafların kaynak gösterilmeden kullanımı 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunundaki hükümlere tabidir. ÖZ DOKTORA TEZİ İSKENDERUN KÖRFEZİ (YUMURTALIK – KOKAR BURNU AÇIKLARI ) ZOOPLANKTON DAĞILIMI VE MEVSİMSEL DEĞİŞİMİ Benin TOKLU ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ SU ÜRÜNLERİ ANABİLİM DALI Danışman : Prof. Dr. Ercan SARIHAN Yıl 2006, Sayfa: 107 Jüri : Prof. Dr. Ercan SARIHAN Prof. Dr. İsmet ÖZEL Prof. Dr. Oya IŞIK Doç Dr. Sevim POLAT Doç Dr. Şengül BEŞİKTEPE Ocak 2002- Kasım 2002 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiş olan bu çalışmada, dört mevsimde 13 istasyondan yapılan çekimlerle İskenderun Körfezi Yumurtalık-Kokar Burnu açıkları zooplankton dağılımı incelenmiş ve mevsimsel değişimi belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada 13 holoplankton ve 9 meroplankton grubu, 58 kopepod , 4 kladoser türü bulunmuştur. Bulunan kopepod türlerinden Calanopia elliptica, Labidocera pavo, Pontellina plumata, Centropages furcatus indo-pasifik kökenli (lessepsiyen) türlerdendir. Anahtar kelimeler: Kopepod, Zooplankton, İskenderun Körfezi I ABSTRACT PhD THESIS SEASONAL CHANGES AND DISTRIBUTION OF ZOOPLANKTON IN THE ISKENDERUN BAY (Yumurtalık-Kokar Cape) Benin TOKLU DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES INSTITUTE OF NATUREL AND APPLIED SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF ÇUKUROVA Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Ercan SARIHAN Year 2006, Pages: 107 Jurry : Prof. Dr. Ercan SARIHAN Prof. Dr.İsmet ÖZEL Prof. Dr. Oya IŞIK Assoc. Prof . Sevim POLAT Assoc. Prof . Şengül BEŞİKTEPE It was determined that abundance and seasonal changes of zooplankton distribution by sampling at the 13 stations, in four seasons, off shore of Yumurtalık- Kokar Cape, Iskenderun Bay, between January 2002 - November 2002. 13 holoplankton and 9 meroplankton groups, 58 copepods and 4 cladocera species were found. Of the identified copepod species, Calanopia elliptica, Labidocera pavo, Pontellina plumata, Centropages furcatus are the species of indo-pasific origin (Lessepsiyen) Key Words: Copepoda, Zooplankton, Iskenderun Bay II TEŞEKKÜR Doktora çalışmamı yürüttüğüm sürede her zaman bana yol gösteren, bilgi ve deneyimlerinden yararlandığım danışman hocam sayın Prof. Dr. Ercan SARIHAN’a, çalışmam sırasında önemli yardımlarını gördüğüm E.Ü. Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Öğretim üyelerinden sayın Prof.Dr. İsmet ÖZEL’e, örneklerimin tanımlanması ve sayımları konusunda yardımlarını esirgemeyen E.Ü. Su Ürünleri Fakültesi’den Dr. Vedat AKER’e ve Su Ürünleri Müh. Selahattin KAYA’ya, ODTU Deniz Bilimleri Araştırma Enstitüsü’nden Prof Dr. Ahmet KIDEYS’e, “National Center for Marine Science (Lübnan)”dan Prof.Dr. Sami LAKKIS ve Raymonde ZEIDANE’e, “Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academi of Sciences of Ukraine’den Alexandra SHMELEVA’ya, Çukurova Üniversitesi’nden Araş. Gör. Dr. Gökhan AYDIN’a, gerek kaynak temininde, gerekse tezin yazımı sürecinde yardımlarını gördüğüm tüm hocalarım ve arkadaşlarıma, İskenderun Körfezi - Yumurtalık Açıkları’nda yapmış olduğum çalışmanın örnekleme kısmında, bana büyük özveriyle yardımcı olan fakültemize ait Gözlem araştırma teknesi personeli ile örnekleme çalışmalarımda yardımcı olan arkadaşlarıma ve her zaman destek olan aileme teşekkür ederim III İÇİNDEKİLER SAYFA ÖZ.................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT.................................................................................................. II TEŞEKKÜR.................................................................................................. III İÇİNDEKİLER.............................................................................................. IV ÇİZELGELER DİZİNİ................................................................................. V ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ....................................................................................... VI 1. GİRİŞ........................................................................................................ 1 2. ÖNCEKİ ÇALIŞMALAR......................................................................... 3 3. MATERYAL VE METOD....................................................................... 10 3.1. Materyal ………………................................…...…………………. 10 3.1.1. Çalışma Bölgesinin Tanıtımı ……………………………….. 10 3.2. Metod………………………………………………………………. 10 4. BULGULAR VE TARTIŞMA................................................................. 15 4.1. Nitel Bulgular .................................................................................... 15 4.1.1. Kopepoda……... .......................................................................... 15 4.1.1.1. Saptanan Türlerin Sınıflandırılması ...................................... 15 4.1.2. Kladoserler……. .......................................................................... 19 4.1.2.1. Saptanan Türlerin Sınıflandırılması ..................................... 19 4.1.3. Diğer Gruplar ............................................................................... 19 4.2. Araştırmada Saptanan Tür ve Grupların Mevsimlere Göre Değerlendirilmesi ............................................................................. 20 4.2.1. İlkbahar Mevsimi Değerlendirilmesi............................................ 20 4.2.2. Yaz Mevsimi Değerlendirilmesi .................................................. 47 4.2.3. Sonbahar Mevsimi Değerlendirilmesi .......................................... 63 4.2.4. Kış Mevsimi Değerlendirilmesi ................................................... 80 5. SONUÇLAR VE ÖNERİLER ................................................................. 98 KAYNAKLAR.............................................................................................. 101 ÖZGEÇMİŞ.................................................................................................. 107 IV ÇİZELGELER DİZİNİ SAYFA Çizelge 3.1. Çalışma Alanında Yüzey Suyuna Ait Bazı Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Özelliklerin Ölçüm Sonuçları ................................. 13 Çizelge 3.2. Çalışma İstasyonlarının Koordinatları .................................... 14 Çizelge 4.1. Yatay Çekimler Sonucu Belirlenen Zooplankton Grup ve Türlerinin İstasyonlara Göre Bulunurluğu .............................. 23 Çizelge 4.2. Dikey Çekimler Sonucu Belirlenen Zooplankton Grup ve Türlerinin İstasyonlara Göre Bulunurluğu .............................. 27 V ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ SAYFA Şekil 3.1. Çalışma Alanı ve Örnekleme İstasyonları................................... 13 Şekil 4.1. Mevsimlere göre zooplankton takson sayısı …………………… 21 Şekil 4.2. İlkbahar Mevsimi 1. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı……. 22 Şekil 4.3. İlkbahar Mevsimi 1. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri……... 22 Şekil 4.4. İlkbahar Mevsimi 2. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı……. 31 Şekil 4.5. İlkbahar Mevsimi 2. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri……... 32 Şekil 4.6. İlkbahar Mevsimi 3. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı……. 33 Şekil 4.7. İlkbahar Mevsimi 3. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri .......... 34 Şekil 4.8. İlkbahar Mevsimi 4. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı ........ 35 Şekil 4.9. İlkbahar Mevsimi 4. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri .......... 35 Şekil 4.10. İlkbahar Mevsimi 5. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı ...... 36 Şekil 4.11. İlkbahar Mevsimi 5. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri ........ 36 Şekil 4.12. İlkbahar Mevsimi 6. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı ...... 37 Şekil 4.13. İlkbahar Mevsimi 6. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri ........ 37 Şekil 4.14. İlkbahar Mevsimi 7. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılım ....... 39 Şekil 4.15. İlkbahar Mevsimi 7. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri ........ 39 Şekil 4.16. İlkbahar Mevsimi 8. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı ...... 40 Şekil 4.17. İlkbahar Mevsimi 8. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri ........ 40 Şekil 4.18. İlkbahar Mevsimi 9. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı ...... 41 Şekil 4.19. İlkbahar Mevsimi 9. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri ........ 41 Şekil 4.20. İlkbahar Mevsimi 10.İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı ..... 43 Şekil 4.21. İlkbahar Mevsimi10. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri ....... 43 Şekil 4.22. İlkbahar Mevsimi 11. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı .... 44 Şekil 4.23. İlkbahar Mevsimi 11. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri ...... 44 Şekil 4.24. İlkbahar Mevsimi 12. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı..... 45 Şekil 4.25. İlkbahar Mevsimi 12. İstasyonda Başlıca Kopepod Türleri ...... 46 Şekil 4.26. İlkbahar Mevsimi 13. İstasyon İçin Ana Grupların Dağılımı
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