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Adur District Council Energy Study

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Adur District Council Energy Study Adur District and Shoreham Harbour Energy Strategy Adur District Council Energy Study FINAL REPORT for Adur District Council, SEEDA Brighton & Hove CC, West Sussex CC, Shoreham Port Authority & the HCA 26/05/09 Element Energy Limited 20 Station Road Cambridge CB1 2JD Tel: 01223 227764 Fax: 01223 356215 Adur District & Shoreham Harbour Energy Strategy 1 Adur District and Shoreham Harbour Energy Strategy Table of Contents Executive Summary............................................................................................................................... 10 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 27 1.1 Climate change and the need for national environmental policy .............................................. 27 1.2 Implications of national planning guidance and building regulations at the local level .............. 27 1.2.1 Planning policy ................................................................................................................... 27 1.2.2 Planned changes to the Building Regulations ..................................................................... 29 1.2.3 The Code for Sustainable Homes ....................................................................................... 32 2 Strategies for achieving low carbon targets..................................................................................... 35 2.1 Onsite and offsite low carbon systems.................................................................................... 35 2.2 Low carbon technology cost effectiveness.............................................................................. 36 2.3 Energy efficiency/ fabric performance improvement standards................................................ 40 2.3.1 Energy efficiency in domestic properties ............................................................................. 42 2.3.2 Summary – Recommended energy efficiency standards..................................................... 52 3 Shoreham Harbour – Low carbon energy strategy .......................................................................... 54 3.1 Energy load growth ................................................................................................................ 55 3.2 Energy strategy analysis ........................................................................................................ 58 3.2.1 CHP & District heating........................................................................................................ 58 3.2.2 Block by block low carbon energy strategies....................................................................... 74 3.2.3 Energy strategy – comparative analysis.............................................................................. 82 3.2.4 Zero carbon energy strategies for Shoreham Harbour......................................................... 84 3.3 Implementation of a Shoreham Harbour district heating system (Whole Harbour network) ...... 87 3.3.1 Private sector ESCO .......................................................................................................... 87 3.3.2 Public Private partnership ESCO ........................................................................................ 88 3.3.3 Waste heat from Shoreham power station .......................................................................... 90 3.4 Shoreham Harbour – Conclusions & Recommendations......................................................... 93 4 Local low carbon energy opportunities ............................................................................................ 95 4.1 Wind power –opportunities and constraints............................................................................. 95 4.1.1 Onshore wind ..................................................................................................................... 95 Adur District & Shoreham Harbour Energy Strategy 2 Adur District and Shoreham Harbour Energy Strategy 4.1.2 Offshore wind ..................................................................................................................... 99 4.2 Biomass Resource assessment............................................................................................ 101 4.3 Tidal and wave power .......................................................................................................... 103 5 Adur planning advice .................................................................................................................... 108 5.1 Planned developments and load growth ............................................................................... 108 5.2 Low carbon energy strategies............................................................................................... 113 5.3 Adur district heating opportunities......................................................................................... 118 5.3.1 Extension of a district heating system from Shoreham Harbour......................................... 118 5.3.2 Adur strategic sites........................................................................................................... 120 5.4 Renewable energy supply targets......................................................................................... 122 6 Recommended Sustainability Policy Statements: Adur Core Strategy ........................................... 129 Adur District & Shoreham Harbour Energy Strategy 3 Adur District and Shoreham Harbour Energy Strategy Table of Figures Figure 1 - annual CO 2 emissions which will result from the Shoreham Harbour new build developments if all buildings continue to be built to part L 2006 (domestic) or best practice benchmarks (non-domestic). 11 Figure 2 - annual CO2 emissions which will result from the Shoreham Harbour new build developments if all buildings are built to the building regulations standard in force at the time of build. ............................ 12 Figure 3 – Potential district heating network configurations studied at Shoreham Harbour...................... 13 Figure 4 – Summary of cashflow analysis for a whole harbour district heating network served by a biomass-fuelled, steam cycle CHP system............................................................................................. 14 Figure 5 – Capital cost of achieving zero carbon status at Shoreham Harbour for a range of low carbon energy strategies................................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 6, Breakdown of the total capital cost of the lowest capital cost approach to achieving zero carbon developments across Shoreham Harbour .............................................................................................. 16 Figure 7 - Map of wind speed variation and wind turbine restriction zones across the Adur District. Solid red lines indicate 100m exclusion zones around buildings (dotted red lines indicate 400m exclusion zone). Red shaded blocks are exclusion zones due to Shoreham Airport flight paths. Note that the majority of high wind speed areas (green shaded) are located within the Sussex Downs AONB, where planning restrictions will apply.............................................................................................................................. 25 Figure 8, Proposed amendments to the CO 2 emissions standards in forthcoming revisions of the Building Regulations (expressed as percentage reductions from current Part L).................................................. 29 Figure 9, hierarchical approach to CO 2 savings favoured by UK government ......................................... 31 Figure 10, Minimum CO 2 emissions reduction standards (reduction on current Part L2006 regulated emissions) defined at each level of the Code for Sustainable Homes ..................................................... 33 Figure 11, Capital cost effectiveness of a comprehensive range of low carbon technologies for a typical domestic property.................................................................................................................................. 37 Figure 12, CO 2 capital cost effectiveness of low carbon technologies for a typical non-domestic property .............................................................................................................................................................. 37 Figure 13 - Mechanically ventilated office used for modelling ................................................................. 41 Figure 14 - Large retail building simulated.............................................................................................. 41 Figure 15 – Energy efficiency improvements required under progressively rigorous improvement scenarios............................................................................................................................................... 44 Figure 16- Improvements in heat loss parameters for progressively rigorous energy efficiency scenarios44 Figure 17, Estimated additional capital cost implications of each of the domestic energy efficiency packages (costs are given per dwelling)................................................................................................. 44 Figure 18, Additional capital cost of delivering CO2 emissions reductions by improvements in the building fabric alone...........................................................................................................................................
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