pipelay) generate much less underwater noise. resting areas have been identified in the vicinity of operation phase, there will be freespanning pipeline Scientific heritage Summary of the Environmental The use of mitigation measures will ensure that the the planned Nord Stream 2 pipeline in the Finnish sections which may cause some hindrance to Sedimentation caused by construction activities is occurrence of blast injuries and hearing losses will EEZ. Areas of shallow water are located more than trawling. However, the pipelines do not make the assessed to be so low that negative effects on Impact Assessment Report, be reduced in the proximity of munitions clearance. 5 kilometres from the planned pipeline route, and all project area untrawlable as the prevailing trawling benthos monitoring stations are unlikely. Similarly, Additionally, Nord Stream 2 is currently investigating Important Bird Areas (IBAs) are located more than 8 method in the area is mid-water trawling. turbidity changes are so short in duration that the alternative clearance methods that would allow kilometres away from the pipeline route. Therefore, representativeness of the water sampling stations Finland limiting or removing the potential adverse impacts no impacts are foreseen on birds. Existing and planned infrastructure and would not be compromised. Therefore, no impacts caused by munitions detonation. future use of the Finnish EEZ are envisaged to occur on scientific heritage. Nord Stream 2 plans to build a new pipeline through the Baltic Sea, which can Protected areas Two existing Nord Stream pipelines and twenty-four transport natural gas from the world’s largest reserves in Russia directly to EU’s Fish Most of the protected areas are located at a existing cables cross the Nord Stream 2 pipeline Cultural heritage consumer market. The twin 1,200-kilometre subsea pipelines will have the capacity Avoidance reactions of fish in relation to distance of 8 kilometres or more from the Waters”). Therefore, a detailed Natura assessment seal) in the chain of biodiversity is assessed to be route. Planned infrastructure that would cross the Due to the mitigation measures applied, there to supply about 55 billion cubic metres of gas per year. The pipelines are scheduled people’s fears and aspirations. Social impacts been assessed on the basis of the assumption construction activities are assessed to be temporary Nord Stream 2 pipeline. Only one protected area, will be carried out for the permit application. This affected, while the other links remain unaffected. Nord Stream 2 pipeline route are one gas pipeline are no impacts assessed to occur on submerged to be laid during 2018 and 2019, and to be operational in 2020. Besides pipelay, the that originate from offshore activities are assessed that the same quarries used during the Nord and not to have an impact on fish communities. a Natura 2000 site called the “Sea Area South of assessment will be based on the latest munitions Therefore, the system as a whole is likely to (Balticconnector) and two telecommunications historical wrecks during the construction and construction activities include munitions clearance, rock placement and crossing to be very limited, except for a certain degree of Stream project in the Kotka region would also Munitions clearance by detonation may kill some Sandkallan”, is located closer than 2 kilometres survey data and on the study of mitigation measures withstand minor or even moderate changes. cables.­ Except pipelines and cables, all other exis­ operation of the pipelines. World War II historical installations. The environmental impacts of the pipeline in the Finnish section have concerns that exist among the residents in coastal be used for Nord Stream 2. Rock transport from individual fish close to the clearance site; however, from the pipeline route. According to the Natura applicable to clearance activities. Additionally, a ting or planned infrastructure is located at least 10 sites are assessed to be partially affected because been assessed and are presented in the national EIA Report. The assessment re- area, for example the status of the Baltic Sea and quarries to Mussalo Harbour will increase heavy this is not assessed to have an impact on fish assessment screening and the results of the Natura assessment screening will be carried out for Ship traffic kilometres from the Nord Stream 2 pipelines. By some relatively small parts of the antisubmarine-net sults are summarised in this leaflet. possible political dimensions of the project. It is traffic, especially on Road 355, Merituulentie. stocks. Suspended sediments and released sediment spreading modelling, the Nord Stream 2 three other sites as a precautionary measure. Potential impacts on ship traffic during the adopting mitigation measures for impacts on pipe­ ­ (barrage) might fall under the pipeline. assessed that the impacts will begin to diminish It is assessed that the Kotka region will benefit contaminants are not likely to affect sprat eggs and project will not have adverse impacts on the construction phase are mitigated with Notices to lines and cables, there are no impacts assessed during the construction phase and towards the economically from the project activities since a larvae survival (due to the low value of individual protection objective (habitat type “reefs”) of the Biodiversity Mariners and safety zones around project vessels. from construction activities. If new infrastructure Social impacts operation phase in the event that no unintended large number of new jobs and additional business Marine mammals sprat eggs in the context of overall sprat stock). site in question. Munitions clearance by in-situ The biodiversity status in the Baltic Sea and However, there are two locations where special is planned in the future in the nearby areas of the The assessed social impacts include possible impacts occur. No social impacts from offshore will be generated by project related activities There are three resident marine mammal species in

Minor impacts detonation may have negative impacts on the in the Gulf of Finlad has been assessed to be mitigation measures are planned to ensure the pipeline, consultations with Nord Stream 2 will be impacts on tourism and living conditions as well as operations on recreation, tourism, and the living for the duration of the project in an area of high Impact Assessment Report, Finland Report, Assessment Impact i the Gulf of Finland: grey seals, ringed seals and Birds nearest protected sites with seal species as a "unacceptable level" (HELCOM 2010). The Nord smooth running of third party ship traffic: 1) Traffic necessary. environment are otherwise assessed to occur. unemployment. Some impacts are assessed to

harbour porpoises. The population of grey seals is According to available data, no significant feeding or conservation objective (“Kallbådan Islets and Stream 2 project will not affect the majority of the Separation Scheme (TSS) Off Kalbådagrund – an relate to residential amenity and traffic safety due

The results of the environmental impact

Summary of the Environmental Environmental the of Summary abundant and has been increasing over the last biodiversity components (e.g. species, habitats assisting tug will be stationed at the shoal near Impacts on the Kotka region to noise, heavy traffic and dust. assessment indicate that the impacts caused by decades. The population of ringed seals in the Gulf and ecosystem). Direct mechanical disturbance the TSS, 2) TSS Off Porkkala Lighthouse – further The project activities are estimated to have a

the Nord Stream 2 pipeline will be mostly of Finland has been declining over the last decades on the seabed and impacts caused by sediment discussion and planning with the Finnish Transport slightly positive impact on land use in Kotka, since Impacts on the Hanko region

negligible or minor within the Finnish EEZ. and at the moment it is considered to be in a poor Through the Baltic Sea Baltic the Through dispersion have very limited impacts on any life Agency will be carried out. existing infrastructure in the Mussalo Harbour and Wasco will utilise existing harbour and Most of the potential impacts will be local state. The harbour porpoise is a very occasional form in the Gulf of Finland. The same applies to industrial area will be used. A slight increase in infrastructure in Koverhar, Hanko, for storage yard.

and short-termed, occurring solely during the

visitor in Finnish waters. Munitions clearance by the amount of space occupied by the pipelines in Commercial fishery emissions to air is not expected to deteriorate In Hanko, economic development has been slow construction period. The pipeline project was A Natural Gas Pipeline Pipeline Gas Natural A detonation produces high underwater noise peaks shallow waters (which can be seen as a measure of Only a fraction of the fishing area is impacted by general air quality in the Kotka region or cause in recent years. Construction activities are not assessed to be environmentally viable; however,

that are uncommon in the normal sea environment. potential impacts on biodiversity). Underwater noise construction vessels for short periods of time and, exceedances of guideline limit values. Overall assessed to affect the Hanko region. However,

special attention must be paid to planning and Noise levels can be far-reaching and cause adverse from detonations may have negative population as the pipelay vessel moves about 2.5 kilometres noise levels due to onshore activities in Kotka they will induce a small increase in business and Nord Stream 2 Stream Nord implementing adequate mitigation measures impacts on marine mammals. level impacts on seals (Gulf of Finland ringed seal per day, it does not pose a hindrance to fishing Mussalo are estimated to be below the noise job opportunities. during construction activities. Other project activities (e.g. rock placement and population). Only one link (Gulf of Finland ringed at any location for more than a day. During the guideline values. Quarrying activities have © Jacob Botter, Flinkr © Jacob Botter,

Climate and air quality KOTKA

The total carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NO ) emissions of the Nord Stream 2 project during X TURKU construction and operation of the pipeline in Finland assessed to be approximately 3 per cent, sulphur

dioxide (SO2) emissions under 1 per cent and par- ticulates emissions 2 per cent of the total emissions occurring annually from existing vessel traffic in the Baltic Sea. Offshore activities are assessed to cause KOVERHAR approximately 97– 99 per cent of the project emis- sions and only a small percentage of the emissions MARIEHAMN

would derive from onshore activities. Of the offshore HELSINKI E E Z activities, pipe laying is assessed to be the most N NISH FI significant contributor, comprising 28 – 34 per cent Contact information of offshore total emissions. KP 114 Seabed sediments and water quality Koverhar Mathematical modeling has been carried out Developer to assess the extent of sediment spreading Nord Stream 2 AG and sedimentation caused by the construction StorageStorage area area for for pipes pipes Baarerstrasse 52, 6300 Zug, Switzerland activities. The total amount of suspended @NordStream2 sediments due to offshore construction works is Tel. +41 41 414 54 54 Mussalo harbour ALT E2 E S T O N I AN E E Z [email protected] www.nord-stream2.com assessed to be relatively small. Re-sedimentation HANKO of suspended sediments is assessed to be at Storage areas for pipes and raw materials Potential temporaty Coating plant rock storage and Contact Person: Tore Granskog ALT E1 loading of vessels most a few millimetres and will occur only near Quays for pipe handling Tel. +358 40 835 0341(Finnish / Swedish / English) the construction site. Seabed sediment spreading [email protected] during construction is assessed to be comparable MUSSALO HARBOUR to the natural processes that occur over the seabed EIA consultant during storms. Suspended sediments also alter Ramboll water quality. These changes are assessed to be KP 300 P.O.Box 25 (Säterinkatu 6), FI-02601 Espoo temporary and occur in the water layer closest to Contact Person: Antti Lepola the seabed and relatively near to the activity. A Transboundary Cumulative Tel. +358 40 588 7557 (Finnish / English) slight increase in the concentration of suspended [email protected] solids during munitions clearance will be detected Impacts Impacts beyond the project area. The concentration level of Coordinating authority for the EIA dissolved contaminants mobilised to the seawater The majority of the impacts from the Nord Stream 2 Potential cumulative impacts with the planned due to construction activities is assessed to be construction or operation phase will remain within Balticconnector pipeline and existing Nord Stream Uusimaa Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment Background and methods TALLINN low if detectable at all. Suspended phosphorus the borders of the Finnish EEZ. The focus in pipeline have been assessed in the EIA. The P.O.Box 36, FI-00521 Helsinki for impact assessment ALT W2 is assessed to not have any effects on the ALT W1 the transboundary impacts assessment was on Nord Stream 2 and Balticconnector pipelines Contact Person: Leena Eerola eutrophication status of the Gulf of Finland. the potential impacts on water quality and from are planned to be constructed approximately Tel. +358 295 021 380 The environmental baseline has been prepared on underwater noise during construction phase, and during the same time period. If the construction [email protected] Benthic environment the basis of peer-reviewed scienti­fic literature, I F Z E E H S I D E W S concerns for example about the possible negative periods overlap, increased ship traffic in the same N

other EIAs, technical reports and data as well Z E E H S I N The presence of benthos in the offshore areas of the Legend: impacts on environment and marine life that have area would also increase the associated risks. Finnish contact authority for international environmental impact assessment as the knowledge and experience gained from Gulf of Finland is mostly dependent on the oxygen been expressed in Estonia. Sediment spreading The existence of both the Nord Stream 2 and Nord Stream, for example, from long-term Nord Stream 2 route Ministry of the Environment concentration near the seabed. As a result of and related contaminant dispersion was found Nord Stream pipelines is assessed to cause an environmental monito­ring of the construction Sub-alternative ALT E1 P.O.Box 35, FIN-00023 Government permanent anoxic conditions, there is virtually no life not to have any impact on neighboring countries additional hindrance to commercial fishery due and operation of the pipelines. Nord Stream 2 Sub-alternative ALT E2 Contact Person: Lasse Tallskog on the seabed in the western parts of the pipeline due to the short duration and low concentrations. to the freespans of four pipelines in the Finnish has conducted several offshore environmental Sub-alternative ALT W1 Tel. +358 295 250 284 route. Consequently, construction activities (mainly Underwater noise from munitions clearance is EEZ. However, mid-water trawling is the prevailing and technical surveys to collect information on Sub-alternative ALT W2 [email protected] rock placement, munitions clearance and to a lesser assessed to have impacts on the Gulf of Finland trawling method in these waters, not bottom- extent anchor-handling) is assessed to lead to the marine baseline along the pipeline route. Potential hyperbaric tie-in ESTONIAN EEZ ringed seal population (with the impact extending trawling. When considering the potential future use Mathematical mo­delling has been applied (approx. KP 300) defaunation or interference with benthic communities Image Credits into Estonia and Russia). Fisheries in neighboring of the Finnish EEZ, the future use of the Finnish to predict sediment dispersion and underwater Nord Stream pipeline only in a small portion of the pipeline route (in the countries are assessed to be affected by the EEZ, the existence of Nord Stream 2 pipelines shallower areas). Benthic communities underneath noise propagation caused by the offshore KP 492 All images unless Planned Balticconnector pipeline otherwise specified: project activities same way as Finnish fisheries. means that it is probable that consultation with construction activities. Citizen surveys in Finland Territorial border the pipelines and support structures will be 0 50 Nord Stream 2 AG This is due to fishing rights within EU that allow Nord Stream 2 will be necessary. However, it is and a public opinion survey in Estonia have 25 Åland border Opinions and statements regarding this permanently lost but only a very minor proportion of Maps: fishing vessels from other EU member states to assessed that the existence of pipelines will not the benthic life will be affected. Any other adverse been carried out in order to gather information Ramboll EEZ border (Exclusive Economic Zone) EIA report should be sent in written form to kilometres fish in the Finnish EEZ. prevent future projects, but may have an impact on impacts on benthos are assessed to be local and of on people’s opinions of the project. Design, and KP Kilometre point in the pipeline route Uusimaa Centre for Economic Development, illustrations: the planning and technical design of such projects. short duration because the communities are able to mc-quadrat OHG Transport and the Environment by 5 June 2017 April 2017 recover.

Stream 2 will be in contact with cable and pipeline Pre-commissioning New Pipeline for Europe is Facing an Import Gap owners to agree on the detailed crossing method. After installation, the Nord Stream 2 pipeline will un- dergo a series of activities that prepare the pipeline Europe‘s Energy Future as Demand Exceeds Supply Pipelay system for use. These activities include cleaning, In the pipelay process of the two pipelines, indivi­ gauging and testing/leak detection. Two options for dual pipe joints will be transported from Mussalo, pre-commissioning are under investigation. These Access to natural gas is becoming increasingly critical for the EU as global Kotka and Koverhar, Hanko, by pipe supply vessels are: demand rises and its own gas resources deplete. With Nord Stream 2, the EU to the lay barge, welded together on-board and can secure additional gas resources in the long term in order to ensure global lowered as a continuous string onto the seabed > Option 1: “Dry” pre-commissioning without pres­ industrial competitiveness and meet domestic demand. from the lay barge. The average speed of the pipe­ su­re testing, using alternative testing methods and lay vessel is 2– 3 kilometres per day. A dynamically without hyperbaric (underwater) tie-ins. Under this ~ 30 % positioned (DP) lay barge is planned to be used option, the pipeline will not be water-filled, and Natural gas offers a cost-effective and sustainable se +25 per cent in the coming two decades (equal EU 28 Production in the Finnish EEZ from the Russian border at there will be neither water intake from the Finnish Ancillary Operation of the way to achieve emissions reduction targets. It to about 1,000 bcm), therefore LNG availability 2015 pipeline kilometre point (KP) 114 to south of Hanko EEZ nor water discharges to the Finnish EEZ. The makes a good partner to a furt­her build-out of and price for Europe will be under pressure – a 491 bcm (approximately KP 350). Either an anchored or a estimated amount of rock to be used decrease Assessed Alternatives Activities Pipeline System renewables. Due to its role as an efficient, abun- risk to the European industry and consumers that DP lay barge is intended to be used in the Finnish from 110,000 m3 to 80,000 m3, constituting ap­p­ dant and clean pathway to a low-carbon future, cannot be resolved without sufficient available EEZ from south of Hanko to the Swedish EEZ. A DP roximately 5 per cent of the total rock volume in Nord Stream 2 route pipeline may be slightly lower in sub-alternative Nord Stream 2's ancillary activities in- Nord Stream 2 AG is the owner and operator of the demand for natural gas in Europe is projected pipeline capacity. Nord Stream 2 helps mitigate lay barge uses thrusters for positioning, whereas the Finnish EEZ. The pipeline route (Nord Stream 2 route) in the Fin­ ALT E2. clude both onshore and offshore activi- the pipeline system. The system is designed to to remain mostly stable over the coming 20 years. these risks in Europe by providing capacities ~ 45 % ~25 % an anchored lay barge is positioned by anchors > Option 2: Standard “Wet” pre-commissioning nish section is located entirely in the Finnish EEZ, > Another section where the route divides into two ties as follows: have an operating life of at least 50 years. An Europe’s domestic natural gas production is in connecting to secure gas reserves readily available Imports from Imports which are moved by anchor handling tugs accord- operations as implemented for Nord Stream, which is considered international waters, and does alternative routes is located in the northern Baltic operations concept and security system will be outside of Europe from Norway dec­line, especially in Norway, the Netherlands in Northern Russia. The new gas supply will drive ing to planned anchor patterns. As the basis of this including a hyperbaric tie-in in the Finnish EEZ not enter territorial waters. To the east, the route Proper in the western part of the Finnish EEZ developed to ensure the safe operation of the and the UK. At the same time, gas exports from the development of new interconnectors between Offshore Construction Activities assessment, an anchored lay barge is assumed to at KP 300. Each of the two pipelines will be filled enters from Russian territorial waters and, to the (sub-alternatives ALT W1 and ALT W2). ALT W2, Concrete weight coating plant in Kotka pipelines, including avoiding over-pressurisation, Northern Africa will be increasingly constrained by member states to ensure that gas can flow freely be used in the western section of the Finnish EEZ. with approximately 1,300,000 m3 of seawater west, continues into the Swedish EEZ. The closest the southern sub-alternative, is approximately The pipes, which are manufactured in Russia and managing and monitoring potential gas leaks and own local consumption, while new gas from the across Europe to meet market needs. Russia has In order to install the pipelines on the seabed, a number of construction activities are A remotely operated vehicle (ROV) will be used for to be taken from the hyperbaric tie-in locations. distance from the route to Finnish territorial waters 2.8–3.1 kilometres shorter than ALT W1. The rock pre-coated with polyethylene plastic, will be coa­ ensuring material protection. Caspian region is projected to deliver only small been a reliable partner in supplying gas to Europe necessary. Hereunder, a brief description of the offshore project activities that will continuous touchdown monitoring at critical points Pressure test water will be discharged in Russia is 0.6 kilometres and the closest distance to the volu­me required for ALT W1 intervention works as ted with a concrete and iron ore mix in Wasco ~ 15 % amounts to the EU. This leaves an import gap of for five decades. The strategic expansion of the take place in Finland, is presented. such as pipelay start-up and laydown, during the Estonian EEZ 1.8 is kilometres. Within the Finnish well as the number of long freespans are greater Coa­tings Finland Oy's Kotka plant in order to dou- EU 28 Production The protection, control and monitoring strategy 120 bcm of EU's gas supply to be compensated connection from Russia to the European market is crossing of rock supports and at pipeline and cable Commissioning section, the pipeline route is located north of the than for ALT W2, due to the uneven seabed. ALT ble their weight to increase stability of the pipeline for the Nord Stream 2 pipeline system will be Additional imports over the next two decades – more if countries therefore important to secure the supply of natural crossings. Approximately 300 days (150 days per Commissioning comprises all activities that take Nord Stream pipelines for the most part. The total W2 is located closer to the Nord Stream pipelines on the seabed. Kotka will receive approximately­ based on manned landfall facilities in Russia and to be secured supplied from this European market are factored gas to the EU over the long term. Together with pipeline) of pipelay operations will be carried out in place after pre-commissioning and until the pipe- length of the pipeline route within the Finnish EEZ is than ALT W1. When considering the future use of 110,000 line pipes from Russia starting from Munitions clearance tions of the pipeline in order to ensure its long-term Germany. These will be supervised by the Main in. This gas can be covered by either gas from other suppliers and transport options, such as the Finnish EEZ. However, pipelay is estimated to lines commence natural gas transport, including approximately 378 kilometres. the EEZ, the cumulative impact with Nord Stream Q3/2016. The operations will continue approxi- The Nord Stream 2 pipeline installation and security in­teg­rity. Rock placement is required for freespan Control Centre (MCC) in Switzerland and a back- the global LNG market or Russian gas. The share LNG, gas from Nord Stream 2 will ensure a com- take place over a total of approximately 9 months. filling the pipelines with natural gas. Prior to the ac- pipeline may be slightly lower in sub-alternative mately until end of 2018. corridors on both sides of the pipelines will be sur­ correction, gravel basement at the potential hyper­ up facility, the Back-Up Control Centre (BUCC), between them will be set by the market. Nord petitive supply. The project aligns with the goals tivity of gas-in, all pre-commissioning activities must Sub-alternatives ALT W2. 2035 ~ 20 % veyed for munitions. Where munitions are found, baric tie-in location and for crossings with other also located in Switzerland. Stream 2 can cover up to 55 bcm of this gap – the EU has for its energy system – to provide Imports Transport of pipes, rock and other material be completed successfully and the pipeline filled In the Finnish EEZ there are two sections where two Storage yards for weight-coated pipes they will be identified. The pipeline route has been pipelines. Rock material will potentially be supp­ enough for 26.5 million households for one year. secu­re, affordable and sustainable energy supply 489 bcm from Norway The project includes the following offshore transport with dry air that is close to atmospheric pressure. alternative routes were considered for the pipeline Construction alternatives Wasco will store the concrete weight-coated pipes optimised to avoid munitions to the extent possible. lied from the Kotka region and will be trans­ported However, the LNG market is typically subject to to Europeans. EU industry in particular needs activities: After pre-commissioning, the pipelines will contain route: The two pre-commissioning alternatives, without or in interim storage yards in Mussalo, Kotka and However, some of the munitions will have to be by ship to designated locations along the pipeline cycle shifts, as its global market is clearly focused reasonably priced energy if it is not to relocate > Transport of concrete weight-coated pipes from dry air. Nitrogen gas, as an inert buffer, is then in- > The eastern section is located south of Porkkala with hydrotest (“Dry” and “Wet”) have been asses­ Koverhar, Hanko. It will transport pipes by pipe cleared to ensure the safe installation and operation route. Rock material will be placed precisely on the on Asia, where very little pipeline capacity exists. production to other regions. Mussalo, Kotka to interim storage yard in Kover­ serted into the pipelines immediately prior to natural in the Gulf of Finland (sub-alternatives ALT E1 and sed. See the description of these alternative meth- transhipment vessels from Mussalo to Koverhar. ~ 65 % of the pipeline. The most common way to clear seabed using a fall pipe. Rock placement activities The global demand for gas is projected to increa­ har, Hanko. gas-filling. This ensures that the inflowing natural ALT E2). ALT E2, the southern sub-alternative, is ods in the "Offshore construction activities" section. Imports from munitions is to detonate them in-situ utilising a will be carried out prior to and after pipelay. outside of Europe > Transport of rock material for rock placement from gas will not be able to react with the atmospheric approximately 700 m shorter than ALT E1. The donor charge. Nord Stream 2 will perform a study Extraction, transport and storage of rock incl. declining imports Mussalo, Kotka to designated rock placement air and create unwanted mixtures inside the pipeline seabed profile along ALT E2 is more irregular and, Non-implementation material from North Africa on alternative methods and mitigation techniques to Crossing installations locations along the pipeline route as the nitrogen gas will act as a buffer between the therefore, the rock volume required for intervention An EIA must also include a non-implementation (or The rock material is assumed to be extracted from reduce the impacts from munitions clearance. The Nord Stream 2 pipeline will cross telecommu- > Transport of fuel and other materials to pipe lay atmospheric air and the natural gas. Commissioning works as well as the estimated number of long zero-) alternative describing a situation in which the existing quarries in the Kotka region. The rock will nications and power cables as well as gas pipeli­ barge(s) and support vessels. will then proceed with filling the pipelines with natu- freespans is greater than for ALT E1. ALT E2 is planned project is not implemented in the Finnish be transported by trucks from the quarries to Rock placement nes. Cables will be protected by concrete support ral gas from the connected landfall facilities. located closer to the Nord Stream pipelines than EEZ. Non-implementation would lead to no environ- interim storage in Mussalo, Kotka. Rock transport Source: based on Prognos 2017 Rock will be placed locally at designated locations, mattresses prior to pipelay. Rock placement will be Total demand includes all gas sourced from European market, EU ALT E1. When considering the future use of the mental or social impacts from the project, neither is assessed to take place for approximately 18 thereby providing support and covering for sec- used to prevent interaction between pipelines. Nord countries plus Switzerland and western imports by Ukraine. EEZ, the cumulative impact with Nord Stream adverse nor beneficial. months.

Frequently Asked Questions Facts and Figures National EIA and Permitting Procedure and EIA & Permitting Environmental Impact Key Mitigation Measures Construction Activities Nord Stream 2 AG is committed to designing, planning and implementing the Does natural gas support the Does this pipeline increase Europe’s About Construction Time Schedule in Finland Assessment Procedure climate goals and the shift to dependency on Russia? pipeline project with the least impact on the environment as is reasonably 2013 2016 2017 2018 2019 National procedure The EIA procedure must be conducted before renewable energy? practicable. One of the most important factors during optimisation of the pipeline 1,200 km 120 bcm The environmental impact assessment procedure the authorities will make any decisions to officially Russian gas provides currently around one third of is the total length of of additional imports need to be secured Q1 Q2 Q3 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 route has been avoidance of uneven seabed, thereby reducing the number of for the EU in the next two decades, aims to increase and enhance environmental infor- approve a proposed project. Hence, the EIA proce- Gas can help the EU to meet its climate targets. the gas needed in the EU – in total energy terms the Pipeline. locations where seabed intervention works are necessary. owing to decreasing production and mation for decision-making and planning. For this dure is not a decision-making process, and permits It is the cleanest fossil fuel with the lowest CO that’s only about 6 per cent of the energy used in EIA PROGRAMME PHASE 2 lower output from other exporters to Europe. purpose, the project’s environmental impacts are for a project are granted separately in accordance emissions and can provide flexible, reliable, sto­ the EU. As EU domestic gas production declines, 378 km Preperation of EIA Programme assessed and possible different project alternatives with relevant legislation. The EIA procedure provides rable energy to supplement renewable production. more gas will need to be imported. While Russia thereof are within the Public hearing Technical solutions: > Specific consultation will be held and proce­du­ Finnish section. compared. The procedure also aims to promote the authorities, other stakeholders and the public vari- Using natural gas to generate power instead of will continue to be an important supplier, these ad- > Use of a dynamically positioned lay barge in res will be agreed with the pipelay contractor Statement by the Coordinating Authority participation of the public in the planning phase and ous ways to participate in the procedure. Informa- coal cuts down CO2 emissions by 50 per cent. ditional imports will need to come from a range of the heavily mined areas of the Gulf of Finland and relevant authorities at TSS Off Kallbåda­ to provide information to the public. Consequently, tion on the Nord Stream 2 project has been shared If the additional gas that could reach Europe sources. Nord Stream 2 will provide an additional EIA REPORT PHASE to minimise impacts from munitions clearance. grund and TSS Off Porkkala Lighthouse. 80 % Nord Stream 2 will have the purpose of the EIA procedure is to prevent the during several meetings and is publicly available through Nord Stream 2 were used to replace coal, import route, but it can only cover part of the ad- Preperation of EIA Report > Controlled rock placement utilising a fall pipe > The Finnish authorities will be notified of un­ capacity to transport occurrence of harmful environmental impacts and to on the project's website (www.nord-stream2.com). it could save 14 per cent of the EU’s entire CO2 ditional needs. Once gas reaches the EU energy and instrumented discharge head located near planned events during pipeline operation. 55 bcm of natural gas Public hearing reconcile opposing views and goals. The Uusimaa The EIA procedure is conducted in an interactive emissions from power generation. Converting market, different gas suppliers compete fairly with per year, enough to the seabed to ensure precise placement of Utilisation of the existing Centre for Economic Development, Transport manner to provide the authorities, other stakehol­ coal-fired generation to gas – at the same time each other, as well as with other forms of energy. Nord Stream pipeline has supply some Statement by the Coordinating Authority rock material. and the Environment (ELY Centre Uusimaa) is the ders and the public an opportunity to discuss and Underwater cultural heritage: as continuing to build the renewables we need In the end, European gas companies will buy gas increased every year since PERMITTING > The Nord Stream 2 project is committed to im­ it opened in 2011, reaching 26 million coordinating authority for the Finnish EIA procedure express their views on the project and its impacts. – would be a significant contribution to fighting where they find the best deal. The concept of Consultations and preparation of permit applications Marine fauna: plementing stringent measures to ensure that no 80 per cent capacity in 2016. European households. for Nord Stream 2. The EIA procedure was officially climate change. The National Energy and Climate companies sourcing their gas based on the best > Deployment of acoustic deterrent devices for adverse impacts on cultural heritage occur from EEZ permit procedure, public hearing and decision initiated when the EIA Programme was submitted International procedure Strategy of Finland recognizes also the role of gas economic offer is at the heart of the EU’s goal for marine mammals prior to munitions clearance project activities. In general, a 50 m minimum on 25 March 2013 to the coordinating authority. The Finland is a signatory to the Convention on EIA in a in the transition towards a carbon neutral society. a liberalised internal energy market. Water permit procedure, public hearing and decision detonations to drive animals away from the safety distance should be assigned to each Uusimaa ELY Centre issued its statement on the Transboundary Context (“Espoo Convention”), detonation zone. cultural heritage site. CONSTRUCTION IN FINNISH SECTOR EIA Programme on 4 July 2013. On the assignment which promotes international cooperation and > Stationing of marine mammal and bird obser­ > In those areas where an anchored lay barge is Munitions clearance of the Developer (Nord Stream 2 AG), Ramboll public engagement when the environmental impact Will the pipeline make other Is Nord Stream 2 in line with the vers on munitions clearance vessels. planned to be used, an anchor corridor survey Rock placement has prepared the EIA Report, based on the EIA of a planned activity is expected to cross a border. transport systems reduntant? EU’s energy goals? > In addition to the munitions clearance methods will be completed to identify, verify and catalo­ Pipelay Programme and the statement from the Uusimaa The Espoo Convention lays down the general obli- and mitigation techniques described above, gue potential cultural heritage objects. Anchor Each pipe joint Pre-commissioning ELY Centre. gation of countries (“Parties of Origin”) to notify and Nord Stream 2 complements the existing natural Nord Stream 2 clearly meets the three core goals will be 12 metres long and weigh 33 – Commissioning and start of operation consult one another (“Affected Parties”) on all major which were successfully implemented for patterns will be designed and approved prior to gas import routes to the EU. As domestic pro- of EU energy policy: It’s competitive, secure and 24 tonnes with concrete coating. up to projects that are likely to have a significant adverse the Nord Stream Project, Nord Stream 2 will construction in consultation with national cultu­ duction declines, more gas imports are needed, sustainable. 184 m perform a study of alternative clearance met­ ral heritage agencies. The pipelines will have a environmental impact across state boundaries. For which require reliable import systems connecting hods and mitigation techniques to reduce the constant internal diameter of Depth of the the Nord Stream 2 project, the parties of origin are to ample available resources. The project will sup- Finnish sector 1,153 millimetres (48 inches) Russia, Finland, Sweden, Denmark and Germany, impact associated with underwater noise from Contractor audits: plement existing pipelines and other routes such What are the benefits of the new > Nord Stream 2 will periodically audit its contrac­ and a wall thickness of up and the affected parties are Russia, Finland, Esto- in-situ detonation. as LNG deliveries. Increasing choice between pipelines here in Finland? to 41 millimetres without > Construction activities, such as pipelay and tors (including ancillary activities) to ensure that conrete weight coating. nia, Sweden, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Denmark different suppliers and different supply routes will they operate in accordance with their environ­ and Germany. Russia has signed but not ratified the rock placement, are not planned in winter ice boost competition. The market will decide which Nord Stream 2 related activities will bring additio­ mental permit. Design pressure agreement. To comply with the Espoo Convention, conditions to prevent impacts on seals during gas to favour and gas importers will make use nal business and jobs to Finland in Hanko and the breeding season. > A waste management strategy and plan will be Baltic Sea states Nord Stream 2 AG will issue a description of the of the available infrastructure options in the most especially in the Kotka region. For example, Was- developed and implemented for waste generated 220/ are involved in consultations project and its potential transboundary effects efficient way. This will be based on the most eco- co, Nord Stream 2’s partner for concrete weight about the pipeline. offshore. Contractor waste management plans 9 (a so-called “Espoo Report”) to all potentially af- Ship traffic: nomic offer, benefitting European consumers. The coating, storage and logistics of the pipes, will 200/ It will will run through the > Information on project vessels’ plans and and supporting procedures will be developed exclusive economic zones fected countries. International consultation will take end result will be more secure supplies, at more employ up to 300 persons directly and some 100 and implemented for each vessel. 177.5 or territorial waters of five place at the same time as national EIA consultation. schedules will be provided to the Finnish affordable prices. persons indirectly in its operations for the duration countries – Russia, Finland, Transport Agency for Notices to Mariners of the project. bar gauge Sweden, Denmark and Germany.