Enhanced Butanol Production by Free and Immobilized Clostridium sp. Cells Using Butyric Acid as Co-Substrate Laili Gholizadeh This thesis comprises 30 ECTS credits and is a compulsory part in the Master of Science with a Major in Chemical Engineering – Applied Biotechnology 120 ECTS credits No. 10/2009 Title: Enhanced Butanol Production by Free and Immobilized Clostridium sp. Cells using Butyric Acid as Co-Substrate. Author: Laili Gholizadeh Baroghi (e-mail:
[email protected]) Master Thesis Subject Category: Biotechnology (Bioprocess Engineering – Biofuels) University College of Borås School of Engineering SE-501 90 BORÅS Telephone: (+46) 033 435 4640 Examiner: Prof. Mohammad Taherzadeh Supervisor and Thesis Advisor: Prof. Shang–Tian Yang Supervisor Address: OSU–Ohio State University 125 Koffolt Laboratories 140 West 19th Ave. Columbus, OH 43210–1185, USA Client: Ohio State University (OSU), Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Prof. Shang–Tian Yang Columbus, Ohio; USA. Date: 08–12–2009 Keywords: Bio-butanol y Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol (ABE) y ABE- fermentation y Butyric acid y Clostridium y C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 y C. beijerinckii ATCC 55025 y C. beijerinckii BA 101 y C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 y Fibrous-bed Bioreactor (FBB) y Batch y Suspended cell culture y Immobilized cell system. DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this M.Sc. Thesis to my beloved Family for all their love and encouragement and for always been supportive of my choices. “I am among those who think that science has great beauty. A scientist in his laboratory is not only a technician: he is also a child placed before natural phenomena, which impress him like a fairy tale.” − Marie Curie ABSTRACT Butanol production by four different Clostridium sp.