U.S.FOREIGNU.S.FOREIGN POLICY POLICY AGENDA VOLUME 2 AN ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF THE UNITED STATES INFORMATION AGENCY NUMBER 1 Clinton and Congress: The Challenges Ahead March 1997 U.S. FOREIGN POLICY AGENDA Clinton and Congress: The Challenges Ahead U. S. FOREIGN POLICY AGENDA USIA ELECTRONIC JOURNALS VOLUME 2 • NUMBER 1 • MARCH 1997 “Fifty years ago, a farsighted America led in creating the institutions that secured victory in the Cold War and built a growing world economy. As a result, today more people than ever embrace our ideals and share our interests.... Now, we stand at another moment of change and choice — and another time to be farsighted — to bring America 50 more years of security and prosperity.” With these words, President Clinton, in his annual State of the Union address, issued an appeal to the Republican-controlled U.S. Congress to work with him, over the next four years, in a spirit of bipartisanship to meet U.S. foreign policy goals for the 21st century. Those goals — and the views of the administration and Congress on how to achieve them — are the subject of this journal. In the focus section, the president, the secretary of state, the secretary of defense, and a National Security Council official outline administration foreign policy priorities, and three members of Congress who deal with foreign policy issues give their views on future directions for U.S. foreign policy. A leading scholar, in the commentary section, gives an outsider’s view of the problems involved in executive- legislative relations; and the major administration and congressional figures who deal with foreign policy are profiled in Key Players. 2 U.S. FOREIGN POLICY AGENDA An Electronic Journal of the U. S. Information Agency CLINTON AND CONGRESS: THE CHALLENGES AHEAD CONTENTS _ FOCUS AMERICA’S LEADERSHIP ROLE IN THE 21ST CENTURY 5 By President William J. Clinton BUILDING A NEW WORLD FRAMEWORK FOR DEMOCRACY 8 By Secretary of State Madeleine Albright U.S. MILITARY READINESS FOR AN UNCERTAIN FUTURE 12 Excerpts from remarks by Secretary of Defense William Cohen SHAPING A BIPARTISAN FOREIGN POLICY 15 An interview with David Johnson Special Assistant to the President UNITED NATIONS REFORM AND THE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION 20 Excerpts from statements by Senator Jesse Helms SEIZING THE OPPORTUNITY TO FOSTER PEACE AND SECURITY 22 An interview with Senator Paul Sarbanes “STANDING UP FOR WHAT’S RIGHT” IN INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS 27 An interview with Representative James Leach _ COMMENTARY CLINTON, CONGRESS, AND FOREIGN POLICY: AN OUTSIDE PERSPECTIVE 31 By Morton H. Halperin Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations _ THE KEY PLAYERS PROFILES: TOP ADMINISTRATION FOREIGN POLICY OFFICIALS 35 PROFILES: KEY MEMBERS OF CONGRESS DEALING WITH FOREIGN POLICY 41 FACT SHEET: HEADS OF CONGRESSIONAL FOREIGN POLICY COMMITTEES 46 3 _ A GUIDE TO ADDITIONAL READING CLINTON AND CONGRESS: THE CHALLENGES AHEAD — KEY INTERNET SITES 48 Internet links to resources on the president, Congress, and foreign policy CLINTON AND CONGRESS: THE CHALLENGES AHEAD — BIBLIOGRAPHY 49 Spotlighting other views on the subject CLINTON AND CONGRESS: THE CHALLENGES AHEAD — ARTICLE ALERT 50 Abstracts of current articles U.S. FOREIGN POLICY AGENDA AN ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF THE U.S. INFORMATION AGENCY VOLUME 1 • NUMBER 19 • DECEMBER 1996 USIA’s electronic journals, published and transmitted worldwide at Publisher . Judith S. Siegel two-week intervals, examine major issues facing the United States Editor . Patricia H. Kushlis and the international community. The journals — Economic Perspectives, Global Issues, Issues of Democracy, U.S. Foreign Policy Managing Editor . Margaret A. McKay Agenda, and U.S. Society and Values — provide analysis, commentary, Associate Editors . Wayne Hall and background information in their thematic areas. French and . Guy Olson Spanish language versions appear one week after the English. The Contributing Editors . Ralph Dannheisser opinions expressed in the journals do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Government. Articles may be reproduced and . Sophie Folly translated outside the United States unless copyright restrictions are cited . Jim Kelman on the articles. Jacqui S. Porth . Wendy S. Ross Current or back issues of the journals can be found on the U.S. Information Service (USIS) Home Page on the World Wide Web Reference Specialists . Samuel M. Anderson at “http://www.usia.gov/journals/journals.htm”. They are available . Vivian Stahl in several electronic formats to facilitate viewing on-line, transferring, Art Director. Barbara Morgan downloading and printing. Comments are welcome at your local Graphics Assistant . Sylvia Scott USIS post or at the editorial offices: . Chloe Ellis Editor, U.S. Foreign Policy Agenda Editorial Assistant . Yvonne Shanks Political Security - I/TPS Editorial Board . Howard Cincotta U.S. Information Agency . Rosemary Crockett 301 4th Street, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20547 . Judith S. Siegel United States of America [email protected] 4 _ FOCUS AMERICA’S LEADERSHIP ROLE IN THE 21ST CENTURY By President William J. Clinton The president’s foreign policy priorities for the next four years are outlined in this excerpt from his annual State of the Union address to a joint session of Congress on February 4, 1997. To prepare America for the 21st century we must Second, America must look to the East no less master the forces of change in the world and keep than to the West. Our security demands it. American leadership strong and sure for an Americans fought three wars in Asia in this uncharted time. century. Our prosperity requires it. More than two million American jobs depend upon trade Fifty years ago, a farsighted America led in creating with Asia. the institutions that secured victory in the Cold War and built a growing world economy. As a There, too, we are helping to shape an Asian result, today more people than ever embrace our Pacific community of cooperation, not conflict. ideals and share our interests. Already, we have Let our progress there not mask the peril that dismantled many of the blocs and barriers that remains. Together with South Korea, we must divided our parents’ world. For the first time, advance peace talks with North Korea and bridge more people live under democracy than the Cold War’s last divide. And I call on Congress dictatorship, including every nation in our own to fund our share of the agreement under which hemisphere but one — and its day, too, will come. North Korea must continue to freeze and then dismantle its nuclear weapons program. Now, we stand at another moment of change and choice — and another time to be farsighted — to We must pursue a deeper dialogue with China — bring America 50 more years of security and for the sake of our interests and our ideals. An prosperity. In this endeavor, our first task is to isolated China is not good for America. A China help to build, for the first time, an undivided, playing its proper role in the world is. I will go to democratic Europe. When Europe is stable, China, and I have invited China’s President to prosperous, and at peace, America is more secure. come here, not because we agree on everything, but because engaging China is the best way to To that end, we must expand NATO by 1999, so work on our common challenges like ending that countries that were once our adversaries can nuclear testing, and to deal frankly with our become our allies. At the special NATO summit fundamental differences like human rights. this summer, that is what we will begin to do. We must strengthen NATO’s Partnership for Peace The American people must prosper in the global with non-member allies. And we must build a economy. We’ve worked hard to tear down trade stable partnership between NATO and a barriers abroad so that we can create good jobs at democratic Russia. An expanded NATO is good home. I am proud to say that today, America is for America. And a Europe in which all once again the most competitive nation and the democracies define their future not in terms of number one exporter in the world. what they can do to each other, but in terms of what they can do together for the good of all — Now we must act to expand our exports, especially that kind of Europe is good for America. to Asia and Latin America — two of the fastest 5 growing regions on Earth — or be left behind as other nations with renewed intensity to fight drug these emerging economies forge new ties with traffickers and to stop terrorists before they act, other nations. That is why we need the authority and hold them fully accountable if they do. now to conclude new trade agreements that open markets to our goods and services even as we Now, we must rise to a new test of leadership: preserve our values. ratifying the Chemical Weapons Convention. Make no mistake about it, it will make our troops We need not shrink from the challenge of the safer from chemical attack; it will help us to fight global economy. After all, we have the best workers terrorism. We have no more important obligations and the best products. In a truly open market, we — especially in the wake of what we now know can out-compete anyone, anywhere on Earth. about the Gulf War. This treaty has been bipartisan from the beginning — supported by But this is about more than economics. By Republican and Democratic administrations and expanding trade, we can advance the cause of Republican and Democratic members of Congress freedom and democracy around the world. There — and already approved by 68 nations. is no better example of this truth than Latin America where democracy and open markets are But if we do not act by April the 29th — when on the march together.