DOCSLIB.ORG

FULLTEXT01.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FULLTEXT01.Pdf Effects of afforestation on ecosystems, landscape and rural development Proceedings of the AFFORNORD conference, Reykholt, Iceland, June 18–22, 2005 Eds. Gudmundur Halldorsson, Edda Sigurdis Oddsdottir and Olafur Eggertsson TemaNord 2007:508 Effects of afforestation on ecosystems, landscape and rural development Proceedings of the AFFORNORD conference, Reykholt, Iceland, June 18–22, 2005 TemaNord 2007:508 © Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen 2007 ISBN 978-92-893-1443-5 Print: Ekspressen Tryk & Kopicenter Cover: Kjell Olsson, the Publication Unit Layout: the Publication Unit Cover photos: Olafur Eggertsson, Edda Oddsdottir, Halldor Sverrisson and Kjartan Kjartansson, Icelandic Forest Research Copies: 200 Printed on environmentally friendly paper This publication can be ordered on www.norden.org/order. Other Nordic publications are available at www.norden.org/publications Printed in Denmark Nordic Council of Ministers Nordic Council Store Strandstræde 18 Store Strandstræde 18 DK-1255 Copenhagen K DK-1255 Copenhagen K Phone (+45) 3396 0200 Phone (+45) 3396 0400 Fax (+45) 3396 0202 Fax (+45) 3311 1870 www.norden.org Editors: Gudmundur Halldorsson, Edda Sigurdis Oddsdottir and Olafur Eggertsson , Icelandic Forest Re- search, Mogilsa, 116 Reykjavík, Iceland. Scientific committee: Gudmundur Halldorsson, Iceland; Susanne Harding, Denmark; Jens Peter Skovsgaard, Denmark; Odd Egil Stabbetorp, Norway; Johan Barstad, Norway; Harald Sverdrup, Sweden; Tróndur Leivs- son, The Faroe Islands Nordic co-operation Nordic cooperation is one of the world’s most extensive forms of regional collaboration, involving Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and three autonomous areas: the Faroe Islands, Green- land, and Åland. Nordic cooperation has firm traditions in politics, the economy, and culture. It plays an important role in European and international collaboration, and aims at creating a strong Nordic community in a strong Europe. Nordic cooperation seeks to safeguard Nordic and regional interests and principles in the global community. Common Nordic values help the region solidify its position as one of the world’s most innovative and competitive. Content Preface – Gudmundur Halldórsson .................................................................................... 9 1. Keynote papers ............................................................................................................. 13 1.1 Benefits of Afforestation Bill Freedman ................................................................................................. 13 1.2 The Impact of Afforestation on Bird Diversity in Scotland Mick Marquiss ................................................................................................ 25 1.3 Modelling change in ground vegetation from effects of nutrients, pollution, climate, grazing and land use Harald Sverdrup, Salim Belyazid, Hördur Haraldson and Bengt Nihlgård......................................................................................... 35 1.4 The Landscape of Afforestation: From Controversy to Acceptance Simon Bell....................................................................................................... 47 1.5 Forestry and Rural Development Áine Ní Dhubháin............................................................................................ 57 2. Ecosystems ................................................................................................................... 67 2.1 Restoration of birch and willow woodland on eroded areas Asa L. Aradottir .............................................................................................. 67 2.2 Afforestation effects on decomposition and vegetation in Iceland Anna Arneberg, Per Holm Nygaard, Odd Egil Stabbetorp, Bjarni D. Sigurdsson and Edda Oddsdóttir..................................................................... 75 2.3 Adapting the ForSAFE model to simulate changes in the ground vegetation after afforestation in Iceland: A feasibility study Salim Belyazid, Bjarni Sigurdsson, Hördur Haraldsson and Harald Sverdrup ...................................................................................... 81 2.4 ICEWOODS: Eddy flux measurements over a young Larix sibirica stand in eastern Iceland: Measurements and initial results Brynhildur Bjarnadottir and Bjarni D. Sigurdsson......................................... 89 2.5 ICEWOODS: Changes in ground vegetation following afforestation Asrun Elmarsdottir and Borgthor Magnusson ................................................ 97 2.6 ICEWOODS: Age–related dynamics in biodiversity and carbon cycling of Icelandic woodlands. Experimental design and site descriptions Asrun Elmarsdottir, Bjarni D. Sigurdsson, Borgthor Magnusson, Bjarni E. Gudleifsson, Edda S. Oddsdottir, Erling Olafsson, Gudmundur Halldorsson, Gudridur Gyda Eyjolfsdottir, Kristinn H. Skarphedinsson, Maria Ingimarsdottir & Olafur K. Nielsen................................................. 105 2.7 ICEWOODS: Fungi in larch and birch woodlands of different age in Eastern Iceland Gudrídur Gyda Eyjólfsdóttir......................................................................... 113 2.8 Structural changes in Collembola populations following replanting of birch forest with spruce in North Norway Arne Fjellberg, Per Holm Nygaard and Odd Egil Stabbetorp ...................... 119 2.9 ICEWOODS: Earthworms in Icelandic forest soils Bjarni E. Gudleifsson.................................................................................... 127 2.10 The objectives of the research network “Centre of Advanced Research on Environmental Services” (CAR-ES) Per Gundersen (co-ordinator), Jan Weslien, Bjarni D. Sigurdsson, Magne Sætersdal, Leena Finér, and Ingeborg Callesen............................. 133 6 Effects of afforestation on ecosystems, landscape and rural development 2.11 Native willows (Salix spp.) in restoration – a technical solution with ecological and social fidelity Dagmar Hagen ..............................................................................................139 2.12 ICEWOODS: The effects of afforestation on the abundance of soil fauna in Iceland Gudmundur Halldórsson and Edda S. Oddsdóttir.........................................147 2.13 A novel modelling approach for evaluating the pre-industrial natural carrying capacity of human population in Iceland Hördur V. Haraldsson and Rannveig Ólafsdóttir..........................................153 2.14 Heavy metals and beneficial soil and epigeal organisms of forest ecosystems Magdalena Jaworska and Anna Gorczyca ....................................................159 2.15 AFFORNORD – ‘Summing up’ of Ecosystem biodiversity sessions. The Effects of Afforestation on Ecosystem Biodiversity Mick Marquiss...............................................................................................167 2.16 ICEWOODS: Changes in communities of ground living invertebrates following afforestation Erling Olafsson and Maria Ingimarsdottir....................................................171 2.17 Long term benefits of mycorrhizal inoculation of forest tree seedlings Ulfur Oskarsson.............................................................................................177 2.18 Facilitation of afforestation by lupine and plastic mulch in southwest Iceland Dennis A. Riege and Adalsteinn Sigurgeirsson..............................................181 2.19 Afforestation of former intensively managed soils Eva Ritter, Lars Vesterdal and Per Gundersen .............................................187 2.20 Changes in soil carbon and nitrogen after afforestation of arable soils with oak (Quercus robur) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) Eva Ritter, Lars Vesterdal and Per Gundersen .............................................189 2.21 Loss of nitrate after gap formation: Studies in Danish beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests of different management intensities Eva Ritter, Lars Vesterdal and Mike Starr ....................................................197 2.22 Afforestation with oak: Effects of pre-commercial thinning on the development of ground flora Flemming Rune and Jens Peter Skovsgaard..................................................203 2.23 Total area of planted forests in Iceland and their carbon stocks and fluxes Bjarni D. Sigurdsson, Arnor Snorrason, Bjarki Thór Kjartansson and Jon A. Jonsson.....................................................................................211 2.24 Energy production and carbon balance of a young tree plantation Inge Vande Walle, Nancy Van Camp, Raoul Lemeur, Noël Lust and Kris Verheyen.......................................................................................219 3. Landscape ...................................................................................................................227 3.1 Identifying and assessing landscape through historic landscape characterisation..............................................................................................227 Oscar Aldred .................................................................................................227 3.2 Strange ideas: Subjectivity and reality in attitudes towards afforestation in Iceland Thröstur Eysteinsson and Sherry Curl...........................................................235 3.3 Leisure Landscapes: Understanding the role of woodlands in the tourism sector Suzanne Martin..............................................................................................243 3.4 European Network for Long-term Forest Ecosystem
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Norðurland Vestra
    NORÐURLAND VESTRA Stöðugreining 2019 20.03.2020 Ritstjórn: Laufey Kristín Skúladóttir. Aðrir höfundar efnis: Sigurður Árnason, Jóhannes Finnur Halldórsson, Einar Örn Hreinsson, Anna Lea Gestsdóttir, Guðmundur Guðmundsson, Sigríður Þorgrímsdóttir, Anna Lilja Pétursdóttir og Snorri Björn Sigurðsson. ISBN: 978-9935-9503-5-2 2 Norðurland vestra 5.4 Opinber störf .......................................................................................... 28 Stöðugreining 2019 6. Önnur þjónusta ............................................................................................ 31 6.1 Verslun .................................................................................................. 31 6.2 Ýmis þjónusta ........................................................................................ 31 Efnisyfirlit Inngangur .......................................................................................................... 6 6.3 Ferðaþjónusta ....................................................................................... 32 1. Norðurland vestra, staðhættir og sérkenni ................................................... 7 7. Landbúnaður ............................................................................................... 35 1.1 Um svæðið .............................................................................................. 7 7.1 Kjötframleiðsla ....................................................................................... 35 1.2 Íbúaþéttleiki ............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Les Sportsplanen
    KIL/HEMNE Fotball Kyrksæterøra mars 2021 INNHOLD DEL 1 - DETTE ER KIL/HEMNE o INNLEDNING side 3 o KIL/HEMNE SIN VISJON, VERDIGRUNNLAG OG MÅL side 4 o TRENINGSKULTUR OG BEGREPET TALENT side 7 o KRAV TIL KIL/HEMNE SOM KLUBB side 8 o KRAV TIL «OSS I KIL/HEMNE» side 9 o ORGANISASJONSKART KIL/HEMNE side 12 o TRENERROLLEN I KIL/HEMNE side 13 o OM TRENING side 14 o KEEPERTRENING side 16 o ANDRE EKSTRATILTAK side 18 o HOSPITERING DIFFERENSIERING JEVNBYRDIGHET ALLSIDIGHET SPESIALISERING EGENTRENING TOTALBELASTNING side 19 o SAMARBEID MED KYRKSÆTERØRA VIDEREGÅENDE SKOLE side 23 o GODE DOMMERE side 23 DEL 2 - DE ULIKE GRUPPENE o 3’er 6-7 år side 25 o 5’er 8-9 år side 28 o 7’er 10-11 år side 31 o 9’er 12-14 år (GUTTER/JENTER 15-16 år) side 33 o GUTTER/JENTER 15-16 år side 35 o GUTTER/JENTER 17-19 år side 38 o AKTUELLE LINKER side 41 Kyrksæterøra mars 2021 Del 1 DETTE ER KIL/HEMNE INNLEDNING Formålet med SPORTSPLANEN er å utvikle barne- og ungdomsfotballen i KIL/Hemne. Den skal være et verktøy til veiledning for trenere og støtteapparat i klubben, og legge grunnlaget for fornuftig og målrettet opplæring i et godt miljø. SPORTSPLANEN skal bidra til at KIL/Hemne er best på spillerutvikling i regionen. SPORTSPLANEN ble utarbeidet av klubben høsten 2015 og vinteren 2016, og vedtatt i årsmøte mars 2016. Arbeidet ble ledet av ei prosjektgruppe: Atle Karlstrøm (leder), Lina Dalum Sødahl, Gjermund Bjørkøy, Per Erik Bjerksæter, David Monkan og Arne Sandnes.
    [Show full text]
  • Integration of Entomopathogenic Fungi Into IPM Programs: Studies Involving Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) Affecting Horticultural Crops
    insects Review Integration of Entomopathogenic Fungi into IPM Programs: Studies Involving Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) Affecting Horticultural Crops Kim Khuy Khun 1,2,* , Bree A. L. Wilson 2, Mark M. Stevens 3,4, Ruth K. Huwer 5 and Gavin J. Ash 2 1 Faculty of Agronomy, Royal University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 2696, Dangkor District, Phnom Penh, Cambodia 2 Centre for Crop Health, Institute for Life Sciences and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia; [email protected] (B.A.L.W.); [email protected] (G.J.A.) 3 NSW Department of Primary Industries, Yanco Agricultural Institute, Yanco, New South Wales 2703, Australia; [email protected] 4 Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (NSW Department of Primary Industries and Charles Sturt University), Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia 5 NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, New South Wales 2477, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +61-46-9731208 Received: 7 September 2020; Accepted: 21 September 2020; Published: 25 September 2020 Simple Summary: Horticultural crops are vulnerable to attack by many different weevil species. Fungal entomopathogens provide an attractive alternative to synthetic insecticides for weevil control because they pose a lesser risk to human health and the environment. This review summarises the available data on the performance of these entomopathogens when used against weevils in horticultural crops. We integrate these data with information on weevil biology, grouping species based on how their developmental stages utilise habitats in or on their hostplants, or in the soil.
    [Show full text]
  • National Risk Assessment
    2019 National Risk Assessment Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing National Commissioner of the Icelandic Police 1 April 2019 National Risk Assessment of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing Table of Contents Preface Infrastructure Legal environment, police services, and monitoring Methodology Consolidated conclusions Risk classification summary Predicate offences Cash Company operations Financial market Specialists Gambling Trade and services Other Terrorist financing References 2 Preface Iceland is probably not the first country coming to mind when most people discuss money laundering and terrorist financing. In an increasingly globalised world, however, Iceland is nowhere near safe against the risks that money laundering and terrorist financing entail. Nor is it exempt from a duty to take appropriate and necessary measures to prevent such from thriving in its area of influence. In September 1991, Iceland entered into collaboration with the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), which is an international action group against money laundering and terrorist financing. FATF has issued instructions on the measures member states shall take in response to the threat stemming from money laundering and terrorist financing. FATF's instructions have become global guidelines. For example, the European Union's directives have been in accordance with these guidelines. By joining FATF, Iceland obligated itself to coordinating its legislation with the action group's instructions. Regarding this, FATF's evaluation in 2017-2018 revealed various weaknesses in the Icelandic legislation. Iceland began responding, which, for example, entailed legalising the European Union's 4th Anti-money Laundering Directive. In accordance with the requirements following from FATF Recommendation no. 1, the above directive assumes that all member states shall carry out a risk assessment of the main threats and weaknesses stemming from money laundering and terrorist financing within the areas each member state controls.
    [Show full text]
  • Arachnida, Araneae) Inventory of Hankoniemi, Finland
    Biodiversity Data Journal 5: e21010 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.5.e21010 Data Paper Standardized spider (Arachnida, Araneae) inventory of Hankoniemi, Finland Pedro Cardoso‡,§, Lea Heikkinen |, Joel Jalkanen¶, Minna Kohonen|, Matti Leponiemi|, Laura Mattila ¶, Joni Ollonen|, Jukka-Pekka Ranki|, Anni Virolainen |, Xuan Zhou|, Timo Pajunen ‡ ‡ Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland § IUCN SSC Spider & Scorpion Specialist Group, Helsinki, Finland | Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ¶ Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Corresponding author: Pedro Cardoso (pedro.cardoso@helsinki.fi) Academic editor: Jeremy Miller Received: 15 Sep 2017 | Accepted: 14 Dec 2017 | Published: 18 Dec 2017 Citation: Cardoso P, Heikkinen L, Jalkanen J, Kohonen M, Leponiemi M, Mattila L, Ollonen J, Ranki J, Virolainen A, Zhou X, Pajunen T (2017) Standardized spider (Arachnida, Araneae) inventory of Hankoniemi, Finland. Biodiversity Data Journal 5: e21010. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e21010 Abstract Background During a field course on spider taxonomy and ecology at the University of Helsinki, the authors had the opportunity to sample four plots with a dual objective of both teaching on field methods, spider identification and behaviour and uncovering the spider diversity patterns found in the southern coastal forests of Hankoniemi, Finland. As an ultimate goal, this field course intended to contribute to a global project that intends to uncover spider diversity patterns worldwide. With that purpose, a set of standardised methods and procedures was followed that allow the comparability of obtained data with numerous other projects being conducted across all continents. New information A total of 104 species and 1997 adults was collected.
    [Show full text]
  • Köppen Signatures” of Fossil Plant Assemblages for Effective Heat Transport of Gulf Stream to Subarctic North Atlantic During Miocene Cooling
    Biogeosciences, 10, 7927–7942, 2013 Open Access www.biogeosciences.net/10/7927/2013/ doi:10.5194/bg-10-7927-2013 Biogeosciences © Author(s) 2013. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Evidence from “Köppen signatures” of fossil plant assemblages for effective heat transport of Gulf Stream to subarctic North Atlantic during Miocene cooling T. Denk1, G. W. Grimm1, F. Grímsson2, and R. Zetter2 1Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Palaeobiology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden 2University of Vienna, Department of Palaeontology, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria Correspondence to: T. Denk ([email protected]) Received: 8 July 2013 – Published in Biogeosciences Discuss.: 15 August 2013 Revised: 29 October 2013 – Accepted: 2 November 2013 – Published: 6 December 2013 Abstract. Shallowing of the Panama Sill and the closure 1 Introduction of the Central American Seaway initiated the modern Loop Current–Gulf Stream circulation pattern during the Miocene, The Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO) at 17–15 but no direct evidence has yet been provided for effec- million years (Myr) was the last phase of markedly warm cli- tive heat transport to the northern North Atlantic during mate in the Cenozoic (Zachos et al., 2001). The MMCO was that time. Climatic signals from 11 precisely dated plant- followed by the Mid-Miocene Climate Transition (MMCT) bearing sedimentary rock formations in Iceland, spanning at 14.2–13.8 Myr correlated with the growth of the East 15–0.8 million years (Myr), resolve the impacts of the devel- Antarctic Ice Sheet (Shevenell et al., 2004). In the Northern oping Miocene global thermohaline circulation on terrestrial Hemisphere this cooling is reflected by continuous sea ice in vegetation in the subarctic North Atlantic region.
    [Show full text]
  • Rote Liste Der Laufkäfer Kärntens (Insecta: Carabidae)
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Publikationen Naturschutz Kaernten Jahr/Year: 1999 Band/Volume: 1999_RL Autor(en)/Author(s): Paill Wolfgang, Schnitter Peer Hajo Artikel/Article: Rote Liste der Laufkäfer Kärntens (Insecta: Carabidae). 369-412 © Amt der Kärntner Landesregierung W. E. HOLZINGER, P. M ILDNER, T. ROTTENBURG & C. WIESER (Hrsg.): Rote Listen gefährdeter Tiere Kärntens Naturschutz in Kärnten 15: 369 - 412 ? Klagenfurt 1999 Rote Liste der Laufkäfer Kärntens (Insecta: Carabidae) Wolfgang PAILL & Peer Hajo SCHNITTER unter der Mitarbeit von Thomas LEBENBAUER & Friedrich RASSE 232 Erforschungsstand gut Nachgewiesene Arten 474 (444) Erwartete Gesamtartenzahl ? 480 57 49 36 Anzahl der Fundmeldungen 9500 28 19 1 11 11 0 1 R 2 G 3 V ? - © Amt der Kärntner Landesregierung Laufkäfer 370 EINLEITUNG Als eine der artenreichsten Käferfamilien Rahmen von Eingriffsplanungen, besiedeln Laufkäfer nahezu alle Erfolgskontrollen und im Landlebensräume. In Kärnten reicht das Ökosystemmonitoring. Beachtliche Spektrum vom uferbewohnenden, zeitweise Siedlungsdichten von bis zu 200 Käfern pro unter Wasser Nahrung suchenden Schwarzen Quadratmeter an vegetationslosen Grubenlaufkäfer, dem ausschließlich Schotterbänken der Alpenflüsse (HERING & anthropogene Höhlensysteme besiedelnden PLACHTER 1997) oder sogar 1000 Individuen/m2 Kellerlaufkäfer über den auf Brand- an Ackerrändern (THOMAS et al. 1992) sind gute Sukzessionsflächen spezialisierten
    [Show full text]
  • Skye: a Landscape Fashioned by Geology
    SCOTTISH NATURAL SKYE HERITAGE A LANDSCAPE FASHIONED BY GEOLOGY SKYE A LANDSCAPE FASHIONED BY GEOLOGY SCOTTISH NATURAL HERITAGE Scottish Natural Heritage 2006 ISBN 1 85397 026 3 A CIP record is held at the British Library Acknowledgements Authors: David Stephenson, Jon Merritt, BGS Series editor: Alan McKirdy, SNH. Photography BGS 7, 8 bottom, 10 top left, 10 bottom right, 15 right, 17 top right,19 bottom right, C.H. Emeleus 12 bottom, L. Gill/SNH 4, 6 bottom, 11 bottom, 12 top left, 18, J.G. Hudson 9 top left, 9 top right, back cover P&A Macdonald 12 top right, A.A. McMillan 14 middle, 15 left, 19 bottom left, J.W.Merritt 6 top, 11 top, 16, 17 top left, 17 bottom, 17 middle, 19 top, S. Robertson 8 top, I. Sarjeant 9 bottom, D.Stephenson front cover, 5, 14 top, 14 bottom. Photographs by Photographic Unit, BGS Edinburgh may be purchased from Murchison House. Diagrams and other information on glacial and post-glacial features are reproduced from published work by C.K. Ballantyne (p18), D.I. Benn (p16), J.J. Lowe and M.J.C. Walker. Further copies of this booklet and other publications can be obtained from: The Publications Section, Cover image: Scottish Natural Heritage, Pinnacle Ridge, Sgurr Nan Gillean, Cullin; gabbro carved by glaciers. Battleby, Redgorton, Perth PH1 3EW Back page image: Tel: 01783 444177 Fax: 01783 827411 Cannonball concretions in Mid Jurassic age sandstone, Valtos. SKYE A Landscape Fashioned by Geology by David Stephenson and Jon Merritt Trotternish from the south; trap landscape due to lavas dipping gently to the west Contents 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetically Modified Baculoviruses for Pest
    INSECT CONTROL BIOLOGICAL AND SYNTHETIC AGENTS This page intentionally left blank INSECT CONTROL BIOLOGICAL AND SYNTHETIC AGENTS EDITED BY LAWRENCE I. GILBERT SARJEET S. GILL Amsterdam • Boston • Heidelberg • London • New York • Oxford Paris • San Diego • San Francisco • Singapore • Sydney • Tokyo Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier Academic Press, 32 Jamestown Road, London, NW1 7BU, UK 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA 525 B Street, Suite 1800, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA ª 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved The chapters first appeared in Comprehensive Molecular Insect Science, edited by Lawrence I. Gilbert, Kostas Iatrou, and Sarjeet S. Gill (Elsevier, B.V. 2005). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (þ44) 1865 843830, fax (þ44) 1865 853333, e-mail [email protected]. Requests may also be completed on-line via the homepage (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissions). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Insect control : biological and synthetic agents / editors-in-chief: Lawrence I. Gilbert, Sarjeet S. Gill. – 1st ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-12-381449-4 (alk. paper) 1. Insect pests–Control. 2. Insecticides. I. Gilbert, Lawrence I. (Lawrence Irwin), 1929- II. Gill, Sarjeet S. SB931.I42 2010 632’.7–dc22 2010010547 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-0-12-381449-4 Cover Images: (Top Left) Important pest insect targeted by neonicotinoid insecticides: Sweet-potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci; (Top Right) Control (bottom) and tebufenozide intoxicated by ingestion (top) larvae of the white tussock moth, from Chapter 4; (Bottom) Mode of action of Cry1A toxins, from Addendum A7.
    [Show full text]
  • Spiders (Araneae) of Churchill, Manitoba: DNA Barcodes And
    Blagoev et al. BMC Ecology 2013, 13:44 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6785/13/44 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Spiders (Araneae) of Churchill, Manitoba: DNA barcodes and morphology reveal high species diversity and new Canadian records Gergin A Blagoev1*, Nadya I Nikolova1, Crystal N Sobel1, Paul DN Hebert1,2 and Sarah J Adamowicz1,2 Abstract Background: Arctic ecosystems, especially those near transition zones, are expected to be strongly impacted by climate change. Because it is positioned on the ecotone between tundra and boreal forest, the Churchill area is a strategic locality for the analysis of shifts in faunal composition. This fact has motivated the effort to develop a comprehensive biodiversity inventory for the Churchill region by coupling DNA barcoding with morphological studies. The present study represents one element of this effort; it focuses on analysis of the spider fauna at Churchill. Results: 198 species were detected among 2704 spiders analyzed, tripling the count for the Churchill region. Estimates of overall diversity suggest that another 10–20 species await detection. Most species displayed little intraspecific sequence variation (maximum <1%) in the barcode region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, but four species showed considerably higher values (maximum = 4.1-6.2%), suggesting cryptic species. All recognized species possessed a distinct haplotype array at COI with nearest-neighbour interspecific distances averaging 8.57%. Three species new to Canada were detected: Robertus lyrifer (Theridiidae), Baryphyma trifrons (Linyphiidae), and Satilatlas monticola (Linyphiidae). The first two species may represent human-mediated introductions linked to the port in Churchill, but the other species represents a range extension from the USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Treasures of the Krkonoše Tundra
    Treasures of The KrKonoše Tundra Podpořeno grantem z Islandu, Lichtenštejnska a Norska. Supported by grant from Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. Terminological Dictionary a plant or animal species which originated and only occurs in endemic a specific, geographically defined area; outside of this area it does species not naturally occur a plant or animal species which has survived in a locality since the glacial relict ice ages Hercynides, a geologically ancient, non-limestone, mountain range in central Hercynian and western Europe (Massif Central, Vosges, Schwarzwald, Harz, mountain Šumava, Bayerischer Wald, Krušné hory Mountains and the High range Sudetes) large animals which lived on Earth at the end of the last ice age (e.g. cave bear, cave lion, woolly rhinoceros, woolly mammoth, megafauna spotted hyena); most of these animals died out during the warming in the Holocene dwarf pine scrub with rare plant community on the subarctic ridge peatbogs in Krkonoše cloudberry the individual layers of snow on the slope are moving at different speeds, which causes pressure and on the bodies of plants, creeping snow especially on the branches and trunks of woody plants, which become deformed; various unusually shaped forms of woody plants occur in this way e.g. on avalanche runs (crooked forests) green plant capable of photosynthesis, but extracting water and semi-parasite mineral nutrients from its host plant Life Corcontica supports improved management of the most valuable montane project meadows in Krkonoše and selected plant and animal
    [Show full text]
  • Kommunestrukturutredning Snillfjord, Hitra Og Frøya Delrapport 2 Om Bærekraftige Og Økonomisk Robuste Kommuner Anja Hjelseth Og Audun Thorstensen
    Kommunestrukturutredning Snillfjord, Hitra og Frøya Delrapport 2 om bærekraftige og økonomisk robuste kommuner Anja Hjelseth og Audun Thorstensen TF-notat nr. 51/2015 1 Kolofonside Tittel: Kommunestrukturutredning Snillfjord, Hitra og Frøya Undertittel: Delrapport 2 om bærekraftige og økonomisk robuste kommuner TF-notat nr.: 51/2015 Forfatter(e): Audun Thorstensen og Anja Hjelseth Dato: 15.09.2015 ISBN: 978-82-7401-841-9 ISSN: 1891-053X Pris: (Kan lastes ned gratis fra www.telemarksforsking.no) Framsidefoto: Telemarksforsking og istockfoto.com Prosjekt: Utredning av kommunestruktur på Nordmøre Prosjektnummer.: 20150650 Prosjektleder: Anja Hjelseth Oppdragsgiver(e): Snillfjord, Hitra og Frøya kommuner Spørsmål om dette notatet kan rettes til: Telemarksforsking, Postboks 4, 3833 Bø i Telemark – tlf. 35 06 15 00 – www.telemarksforsking.no 2 Forord • Telemarksforsking har fått i oppdrag fra Hitra, Frøya og Snillfjord kommuner å utrede sammenslåing av de tre kommunene. Det skal leveres 5 delrapporter med følgende tema: – Helhetlig og samordnet samfunnsutvikling – Bærekraftige og økonomisk robuste kommuner – Gode og likeverdige tjenester – Styrket lokaldemokrati – Samlet vurdering av fordeler og ulemper ved ulike strukturalternativer • I tillegg til dette alternativet, så inngår Hitra og Snillfjord i utredningsalternativer på Nordmøre, hvor også Telemarksforsking står for utredningsarbeidet. Disse er: – Hemne, Hitra, Aure, Smøla og Halsa – Hemne, Aure, Halsa og Snillfjord • Denne delrapporten omhandler bærekraftige og økonomisk robuste kommuner.
    [Show full text]