Repositório Aberto) E Com O Arquivo Audiovisual (Carvalho, 2015)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Repositório Aberto) E Com O Arquivo Audiovisual (Carvalho, 2015) UNIVERSIDADE ABERTA A Wikipédia como Recurso Educacional Aberto: um contributo para o Programa Wikipédia na Universidade Filomena Pestana Doutoramento em Educação, especialidade de Educação a Distância e Elearning 2018 II UNIVERSIDADE ABERTA A Wikipédia como Recurso Educacional Aberto: um contributo para o Programa Wikipédia na Universidade Filomena Pestana Doutoramento em Educação, especialidade de Educação a Distância e Elearning Tese orientada pela Professora Doutora Teresa Margarida Loureiro Cardoso 2018 II RESUMO A Wikipédia é um recurso incontornável quando se faz uma pesquisa na internet, mas pode ser também uma estratégia pedagógica? O presente estudo foi motivado por esta questão, à qual pretende dar resposta, tendo-se, para o efeito, implementado e avaliado a sua integração curricular no contexto do Programa Wikipédia na Universidade. Metodologicamente, adotámos uma abordagem mista num estudo de caso – a turma de uma Unidade Curricular do Doutoramento em Educação da Universidade Aberta (Portugal). Para além dos estudantes e da equipa docente, participaram no estudo embaixadores do capítulo português da Wikimedia Foundation. Para a recolha de dados foi considerada a observação, que se desenvolveu em diversos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem, e o inquérito – questionários aos estudantes, em diversos momentos; entrevista à docente coordenadora da unidade curricular. Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizada a estatística descritiva e a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos salientam o reconhecimento por parte da docente coordenadora das vantagens em participar no Programa Wikipédia na Universidade, nomeadamente por se tratar de um programa específico para contextos educativos que permite quebrar a sensação de isolamento, fomentar a colaboração no contexto da educação e ciência aberta, e alcançar maior transparência no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Já os estudantes, inicialmente com diferentes perceções e utilizações da Wikipédia, foram revelando, ao longo do semestre letivo, um envolvimento e uma adesão cada vez maiores, quer ao programa, quer às atividades de wikificação, contribuindo como prosumidores para a criação de conteúdos abertos no âmbito da cultura participatória. Conclui-se, portanto, que a integração curricular da Wikipédia através do Programa Wikipédia na Universidade teve impacte real na unidade curricular em que foi implementada, em particular nas conceções e práticas dos estudantes que a frequentaram. De facto, estes estudantes demostraram a sua preferência por atividades/trabalhos com wikificação por contraponto a atividades/trabalhos tradicionais, bem como a sua vontade em continuar a contribuir para a Wikipédia; reconheceram ainda que os trabalhos/atividades com wikificação implicam uma maior aquisição de competências. Assim, desejamos que a integração curricular da Wikipédia, e a sua utilização como recurso educacional aberto e enquanto estratégia pedagógica, possa ser mantida e alargada a outras unidades curriculares, na mesma ou noutras instituições de ensino superior, nomeadamente em Portugal. Palavras-Chave: Pedagogia no Ensino Superior, Wikipédia, Wikipedia na Universidade, Recursos Educacionais Abertos, Estratégia Pedagógica. III IV ABSTRACT Wikipedia is a key resource when doing research on the internet, but can it also be a pedagogical strategy? The current study was inspired by this question and aims at answering it by responding to the need to implement and evaluate its curricular integration in the context of the Wikipedia Education Program. Methodologically, we adopted a mixed approach in a case study - the class of a Doctoral Course in Education of the Universidade Aberta (Open University Portugal). In addition to the students and the teaching team, the ambassadors of the Portuguese chapter of the Wikimedia Foundation participated in the study. For the data collection, observation was considered, which was developed in several virtual learning environments, and also the survey – questionnaires to students, at various times; interview to the coordinator teacher of the curricular unit. For the data analysis, descriptive statistics and content analysis were used. The results obtained highlight the recognition by the coordinating teacher of the advantages of participating in the Wikipedia Education Program, namely because it is a specific program for educational contexts that enables to avoid the feeling of isolation, to foster collaboration in the context of open education and open science, and to achieve greater transparency in the teaching-learning process. The students, initially with different perceptions and uses of Wikipedia, revealed, throughout the semester, an increasing involvement, both in the program and the activities of wikification, contributing as prosumers in the creation of open contents within the scope of participatory culture. Hence, in conclusion, the curricular integration of Wikipedia through the Wikipedia Education Program had a real impact on the curricular unit in which it was implemented, particularly in the conceptions and practices of the students who attended it. In fact, these students demonstrated their preference for activities/works with wikification as opposed to traditional activities/works, as well as their willingness to continue to contribute to Wikipedia; they also recognized that activities/work with wikification imply a greater acquisition of skills. Thus, we hope that the curricular integration of Wikipedia, and its use as an open educational resource and as a pedagogical strategy, can be maintained and extended to other curricular units, in the same or other higher education institutions, namely in Portugal. Keywords: Pedagogy in Higher Education, Wikipedia, Wikipedia in University, Open Educational Resources, Pedagogical Strategy. V VI DEDICATÓRIA À minha família, nomeadamente Ao meu marido José Manuel, Aos meus filhos, Nuno Miguel, Maria Joana e Francisco Manuel, Às minhas noras Ângela e Ana, Ao meu genro Miguel, Pelas partilhas e entusiasmo – contágio –, neste caso, em torno da Wikipédia, este admirável mundo! VII VIII AGRADECIMENTOS A concretização da presente tese de doutoramento só foi possível com a colaboração, de forma direta ou indireta, de várias pessoas que contribuíram para a criação das condições necessárias à sua conclusão. Endereço, a todas estas pessoas, os meus sinceros agradecimentos. À Professora Doutora Teresa Cardoso, pela sua disponibilidade, orientação científica, conselhos, discussão construtiva, atitude positiva, encorajamento e amizade. Um agradecimento particular aos estudantes da Unidade Curricular de Doutoramento “Seminario TIC em Contextos Educacionais” fundamentais enquanto sujeitos de investigação. Aos meus professores da Universidade Aberta, não só pela aquisição de conhecimentos que me proporcionaram, mas também por se terem mostrado como modelos que certamente irei ter presente. Aos investigadores do LE@D, Laboratório de Educação a Distância e eLearning da Universidade Aberta, nomeadamente aos do projeto ApERI, pela partilha. Um agradecimento especial ao Professor Doutor António Quintas-Mendes. Aos intervenientes do capítulo português da Wikimedia Foundation. Ao meu amigo e colega de doutoramento Renato Danton Abreu, pelas possibilidades de colaboração e reflexão conjunta. Às minhas amigas e colegas Filomena Barbosa do Mestrado em Pedagogia do eLearning, Teresa Monteiro do Mestrado em Supervisão Pedagógica e Sílvia Brás da Licenciatura em Educação pelo incentivo e companheirismo de sempre. A todos endereço os meus sinceros agradecimentos. IX X NOTAS PRÉVIAS Este trabalho de investigação segue as Normas de Apresentação das Dissertações [Mestrado] e das Teses [Doutoramento] da Universidade Aberta. Estas normas estão disponíveis em http://www.uab.pt/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=971efb19-a547- 40c9-a4a2-922a7df3d562&groupId=10136, tendo sido consultadas pela última vez no dia 29 de outubro de 2017. Dado que a Wikipédia é uma fonte essencial neste trabalho, optámos por ir colocando em nota de rodapé, ao longo do texto, as normas consultadas. Já o link dos artigos consultados estão referenciados na bibliografia no final do trabalho. A revisão da literatura permitiu-nos encontrar, entre outros, os seguintes termos-chave Recursos Educacionais Abertos e Recursos Educativos Abertos. Optámos pelo primeiro dado ser a designação assumida pela comunidade lusófona e pela Universidade onde se desenvolveu o estudo, uma referência nacional e internacional nesta área, mas também porque consideramos o conceito Educacional mais abrangente do que o conceito Educativo. A revisão da literatura permitiu-nos detetar ainda duas designações para traduzir as entradas existentes no domínio principal da Wikipédia – verbete e artigo. Optámos por artigo uma vez que é esta a designação assumida pela comunidade de wikipedistas lusófonos expressa na página principal1. Além disso, também os wikipedistas envolvidos no Programa Wikipédia na Universidade a utilizam. 1 https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:P%C3%A1gina_principal [23 de outubro de 2017]. XI XII ÍNDICE RESUMO ........................................................................................................................... III ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ V DEDICATÓRIA ................................................................................................................. VII AGRADECIMENTOS .........................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • The Culture of Wikipedia
    Good Faith Collaboration: The Culture of Wikipedia Good Faith Collaboration The Culture of Wikipedia Joseph Michael Reagle Jr. Foreword by Lawrence Lessig The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. Web edition, Copyright © 2011 by Joseph Michael Reagle Jr. CC-NC-SA 3.0 Purchase at Amazon.com | Barnes and Noble | IndieBound | MIT Press Wikipedia's style of collaborative production has been lauded, lambasted, and satirized. Despite unease over its implications for the character (and quality) of knowledge, Wikipedia has brought us closer than ever to a realization of the centuries-old Author Bio & Research Blog pursuit of a universal encyclopedia. Good Faith Collaboration: The Culture of Wikipedia is a rich ethnographic portrayal of Wikipedia's historical roots, collaborative culture, and much debated legacy. Foreword Preface to the Web Edition Praise for Good Faith Collaboration Preface Extended Table of Contents "Reagle offers a compelling case that Wikipedia's most fascinating and unprecedented aspect isn't the encyclopedia itself — rather, it's the collaborative culture that underpins it: brawling, self-reflexive, funny, serious, and full-tilt committed to the 1. Nazis and Norms project, even if it means setting aside personal differences. Reagle's position as a scholar and a member of the community 2. The Pursuit of the Universal makes him uniquely situated to describe this culture." —Cory Doctorow , Boing Boing Encyclopedia "Reagle provides ample data regarding the everyday practices and cultural norms of the community which collaborates to 3. Good Faith Collaboration produce Wikipedia. His rich research and nuanced appreciation of the complexities of cultural digital media research are 4. The Puzzle of Openness well presented.
    [Show full text]
  • Le Logiciel Wiki Utilisé Par Wikipédia
    WIKIWIKI Un outil informatique créé par WardWard CunninghamCunningham en 1995, Wiki-wiki : aller vite en hawaïen, Outil collaboratif, Mediawiki : le logiciel wiki utilisé par wikipédia. Ville de Nevers 10/05/2017 PetitePetite histoirehistoire Jimmy Wales (Jimbo) financier ayant fait fortune envisage la création d'une encyclopédie en ligne (Nupédia) Engage Larry Sanger qui propose en 2001 d'utiliser wiki pour faire participer les lecteurs aux articles (qui seraient ensuite mis dans Nupedia...) Ville de Nevers 10/05/2017 DeDe NupediaNupedia àà WikipediaWikipedia (1/2)(1/2) Nupedia (2000) – Fondateurs : Jimmy Wales et Larry Sanger (Portail Bomis) – Objectif : 1ère encyclopédie libre sur internet, à disposition du plus grand nombre (prédécesseurs : Universalis, Encarta, le Quid, Britannica…) – Modèle éditorial calqué sur l'édition traditionnelle : ➔ Recrutement des auteurs conditionné par la possession d'un doctorat ➔ Processus de validation basé sur 7 étapes Assignment -- Finding a lead reviewer -- Lead review -- Open review -- Lead copyediting -- Open copyediting -- Final approval and markup – Résultats : ➔ En 2 ans...24 articles validés et 74 autres en développement ➔ Fermeture définitive en sept. 2003 (après un an d'inactivité) Ville de Nevers 10/05/2017 DeDe NupediaNupedia àà WikipediaWikipedia (2/2)(2/2) Wikipedia (janvier 2001) : – En parallèle, idée d'expérimenter un mode de fonctionnement plus ouvert, facilitant la production collaborative et décentralisée des articles – Au départ, pas de règles précises, pas de position idéologique .., plutôt une « anarchie » bon enfant, et un consensus implicite, autour d'un noyau dur de 200 personnes en provenance de Nupedia – Premières règles qui deviendront les pivots inamovibles du projet : Principes fondateurs 1. Wikipédia est une encyclopédie 2.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Wikipedia Jansn
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Wisdom of the crowd or technicity of content? Wikipedia as a sociotechnical system Niederer, S.; van Dijck, J. DOI 10.1177/1461444810365297 Publication date 2010 Document Version Submitted manuscript Published in New Media & Society Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Niederer, S., & van Dijck, J. (2010). Wisdom of the crowd or technicity of content? Wikipedia as a sociotechnical system. New Media & Society, 12(8), 1368-1387. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444810365297 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:27 Sep 2021 Full Title: Wisdom of the Crowd or Technicity of Content? Wikipedia as a socio-technical system Authors: Sabine Niederer and José van Dijck Sabine Niederer, University of Amsterdam, Turfdraagsterpad 9, 1012 XT Amsterdam, The Netherlands [email protected] José van Dijck, University of Amsterdam, Spuistraat 210, 1012 VT Amsterdam, The Netherlands [email protected] Authors’ Biographies Sabine Niederer is PhD candidate in Media Studies at the University of Amsterdam, and member of the Digital Methods Initiative, Amsterdam.
    [Show full text]
  • Critical Point of View: a Wikipedia Reader
    w ikipedia pedai p edia p Wiki CRITICAL POINT OF VIEW A Wikipedia Reader 2 CRITICAL POINT OF VIEW A Wikipedia Reader CRITICAL POINT OF VIEW 3 Critical Point of View: A Wikipedia Reader Editors: Geert Lovink and Nathaniel Tkacz Editorial Assistance: Ivy Roberts, Morgan Currie Copy-Editing: Cielo Lutino CRITICAL Design: Katja van Stiphout Cover Image: Ayumi Higuchi POINT OF VIEW Printer: Ten Klei Groep, Amsterdam Publisher: Institute of Network Cultures, Amsterdam 2011 A Wikipedia ISBN: 978-90-78146-13-1 Reader EDITED BY Contact GEERT LOVINK AND Institute of Network Cultures NATHANIEL TKACZ phone: +3120 5951866 INC READER #7 fax: +3120 5951840 email: [email protected] web: http://www.networkcultures.org Order a copy of this book by sending an email to: [email protected] A pdf of this publication can be downloaded freely at: http://www.networkcultures.org/publications Join the Critical Point of View mailing list at: http://www.listcultures.org Supported by: The School for Communication and Design at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (Hogeschool van Amsterdam DMCI), the Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) in Bangalore and the Kusuma Trust. Thanks to Johanna Niesyto (University of Siegen), Nishant Shah and Sunil Abraham (CIS Bangalore) Sabine Niederer and Margreet Riphagen (INC Amsterdam) for their valuable input and editorial support. Thanks to Foundation Democracy and Media, Mondriaan Foundation and the Public Library Amsterdam (Openbare Bibliotheek Amsterdam) for supporting the CPOV events in Bangalore, Amsterdam and Leipzig. (http://networkcultures.org/wpmu/cpov/) Special thanks to all the authors for their contributions and to Cielo Lutino, Morgan Currie and Ivy Roberts for their careful copy-editing.
    [Show full text]
  • Detailed Table of Contents
    Contents in Detail Introduction.............................................................................................................................. xvii Inside This Book ............................................................................................................................. xviii What You Should Know Going In ...................................................................................................xix Using This Book ............................................................................................................................... xix Our Approach to Understanding Wikipedia .................................................................................xx It’s Everyone’s Encyclopedia: Be Bold! .........................................................................................xxi Wikisyntax Cheatsheet..................................................................................................................xxiii Part I: Content Chapter 1: What’s in Wikipedia?.....................................................................................3 Types of Articles..................................................................................................................................7 Article and Content Inclusion Policies............................................................................................ 11 Core Policies: V, NOR, and NPOV ............................................................................................. 12 Understanding the Policies.......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Wikipédia : Outil D’Élaboration/Gestion Des Connaissances
    Wikipédia : outil d’élaboration/gestion des connaissances Mise à jour du 18 septembre 2017 Rémi Bachelet Ce cours est, avec son accord, largement issu du dossier de Laure Endrizzi, INRP (signalé en bas des diapos concernées) Version à jour, éditable et animée disponible ici : origines de Wikipédia Cours distribué sous licence Creative Commons, selon les conditions suivantes : Source des images indiquées au-dessous ou en cliquant sur l’image Image : Source 2/ L’encyclopédisme et les origines de Wikipédia • À quand remonte la première encyclopédie ? • Les grandes civilisations ont-elles nécessairement une encyclopédie ? • La création de Wikipédia était-elle planifiée ou improvisée ? • Qu’est-ce que Nupedia ? • Quels sont les cinq principes fondateurs de Wikipédia ? Rémi Bachelet Licence cc-by 2 Le projet encyclopédique • Latinisation de enkuklios paideia littéralement « le cercle des connaissances » ou même « enchaînement de connaissances » (en: en, kuklios : cercle, et paideia : éducation) – Synthèse facilement accessible de l'état de la connaissance, – source tertiaire, compilée à partir de … et renvoyant pour approfondissement à des sources secondaires – … organisée en articles : renvoyant les uns aux autres, répartis en catégories. • Première occurrence imprimée du terme encyclopédie dans le livre du Pantagruel de François Rabelais en 1532. – Au chapitre XIII, Thaumaste dit que Panurge lui a « ouvert le vrai puits et abîme d’encyclopédie » : l'encyclopédie est le savoir complet que possède Panurge Rémi Bachelet ImageLicence :cc Source-by 3 Histoire des encyclopédies • Pline l'Ancien (23-79 ap. J.C.), Histoire naturelle. – En 37 volumes, Pline a compilé le savoir de son époque : sciences naturelles, l'astronomie, l'anthropologie, la psychologie ou la métallurgie.
    [Show full text]
  • Artinian - UK/USA
    Wikipedia definitions of the artist’s book: a neutral point of view? Emily Artinian - UK/USA Presented at: Traditional and emerging formats of artists’ books: Where do we go from here? A two-day conference at the School of Creative Arts, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK Thursday 9th and Friday 10th July 2009 Abstract Following on from her Blue Notebook article about the artist’s book page on Wikipedia (Who cares where the apostrophe goes?), her 2008 lecture Wikipedia - the Oceanic Page, and also Francis Elliott’s discussion of Wikipedia at a UWE conference last year, Emily Artinian takes a closer look at how the artist’s book pages on this collaborative encyclopedia have evolved. There will be specific consideration of the site’s Neutral Point of View (NPOV) rule, the widespread phenomenon of wiki-vandalism, and the ways in which some instances of this may constitute artists book activity. The talk will include a live intervention with audience participation. Bring your digital spray paint. CONTENTS Outline for talk (the talk itself diverges somewhat, particularly during the audience participation session; audio recording available online at UWE conference archive) page 2 References and notes page 9 Conference intervention: the infamous Percy Braithwaite (screen shots of the collective edit made by UWE conference audience) page 10 Update Further sneaky activity in the week following the conference page 11 Introduction This session, on artist’s books and Wikipedia, follows up on an article I wrote for The Blue Notebook, and also from a talk I gave last year, Wikipedia: The Oceanic Page, and also from a talk on the same subject given here last year by Francis Elliot, who has made a significant contribution to the artist’s book page and many other definitions on Wikipedia.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT HOW WIKIPEDIA EDITORS COLLABORATE on ARTICLE “TALK” PAGES Victor Magnuson, M.A. Department of English Northern Illi
    ABSTRACT HOW WIKIPEDIA EDITORS COLLABORATE ON ARTICLE “TALK” PAGES Victor Magnuson, M.A. Department of English Northern Illinois University, 2018 Dr. Jessica Reyman, Director This thesis is a case study of how Wikipedia editors use article “talk” pages to collaborate. A review of related literature provides background on how Wikipedia has rapidly grown into a community of volunteers to make it the largest online collaboration project ever. To perform the analysis, four diverse articles were chosen to examine the discussions and dialogue from their most recent or selected “talk” page. The information resulting from this study has provided both qualitative and quantitative data for analysis. By codifying terms deemed as potential barriers to participation (expertise requirements for Wikipedia policy and subject-matter) Wikipedia’s low-barrier-to-entry, which is articulated through its open editor policy, can be more clearly determined. Furthermore, this study seeks qualitative data regarding Wikipedia’s civility policy as demonstrated by editors themselves, as well as strategies for reaching consensus. In doing so, future contributors can be informed to better understand how Wikipedia’s editors act as a community in attaining the goal of continuous improvement. NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY DE KALB, ILLINOIS MAY 2018 HOW WIKIPEDIA EDITORS COLLABORATE ON ARTICLE “TALK” PAGES BY VICTOR MAGNUSON ©2018 Victor Magnuson A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE MASTER OF ARTS DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH Thesis Director: Jessica Reyman ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge and thank those who have supported me in the process of completing this project. In particular, I would like to thank my thesis director, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Can History Be Open Source? Wikipedia and the Future of the Past
    Can History Be Open Source? Wikipedia and the Future of the Past Roy Rosenzweig History is a deeply individualistic craft. The singly authored work is the standard for the profession; only about 6 percent of the more than 32,000 scholarly works indexed since 2000 in this journal's comprehensive bibliographic guide, "Recent Scholarship," have more than one author. Works with several authors—common in the sciences—are even harder to find. Fewer than 500 (less than 2 percent) have three or more authors.1 Historical scholarship is also characterized by possessive individualism. Good profes­ sional practice (and avoiding charges of plagiarism) requires us to attribute ideas and words to specific historians—we are taught to speak of "Richard Hofstadter's status anxi­ ety interpretation of Progressivism."2 And if we use more than a limited number of words from Hofstadter, we need to send a check to his estate. To mingle Hofstadter's prose with your own and publish it would violate both copyright and professional norms. A historical work without owners and with multiple, anonymous authors is thus al­ most unimaginable in our professional culture. Yet, quite remarkably, that describes the online encyclopedia known as Wikipedia, which contains 3 million articles (1 million of them in English). History is probably the category encompassing the largest number of articles. Wikipedia is entirely free. And that freedom includes not just the ability of any­ one to read it (a freedom denied by the scholarly journals in, say, JSTOR, which requires an expensive institutional subscription) but also—more remarkably—their freedom to use it.
    [Show full text]
  • Coordinating the Commons: Diversity & Dynamics in Open Collaborations
    Coordinating the Commons: Diversity & Dynamics in Open Collaborations Jonathan T. Morgan A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2013 Reading Committee: Dr. Mark Zachry, Chair Dr. Cecilia R. Aragon, Member Dr. Robert M. Mason, Member Dr. David W. McDonald, Member Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Department of Human Centered Design & Engineering ©Copyright 2013 Jonathan T. Morgan 2 University of Washington Abstract Coordinating the Commons: Diversity & Dynamics in Open Collaborations Jonathan T. Morgan Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Associate Professor Mark Zachry Human Centered Design & Engineering The success of Wikipedia demonstrates that open collaboration can be an effective model for organizing geographically- distributed volunteers to perform complex, sustained work at a massive scale. However, Wikipedia’s history also demon- strates some of the challenges that large, long-term open collaborations face: the core community of Wikipedia editors—the volunteers who contribute most of the encyclopedia’s content and ensure that articles are correct and consistent—has been gradually shrinking since 2007, in part because Wikipedia’s social climate has become increasingly inhospitable for new- comers, female editors, and editors from other underrepresented demographics. Previous research studies of change over time within other work contexts, such as corporations, suggests that incremental processes such as bureaucratic formalization can make organizations more rule-bound and less adaptable—in effect, less open—as they grow and age. There has been little research on how open collaborations like Wikipedia change over time, and on the impact of those changes on the social dy- namics of the collaborating community and the way community members prioritize and perform work.
    [Show full text]
  • Introducing Wikipedia
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Sum of all knowledge: Wikipedia and the encyclopedic urge Salor, F.E. Publication date 2012 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Salor, F. E. (2012). Sum of all knowledge: Wikipedia and the encyclopedic urge. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:01 Oct 2021 3. Introducing Wikipedia Not to be too dramatic about it, but, ‘to create and distribute a free encyclopedia of the highest possible quality to every single person on the planet in their own language,’ that’s who I am. That’s what I am doing. That’s my life goal. Jimmy Wales Speaking to The New York Times in 2008 3.1 Introduction The previous chapters have followed the encyclopedic ideal from its Platonic origins to the end of the 20th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Wikimedia Research Newsletter Volume 4 (2014) Contents
    Wikimedia Research Newsletter Volume 4 (2014) Contents 1 About 1 1.1 Facts and figures ............................................ 1 1.2 How to subscribe ........................................... 1 1.3 How to contribute ........................................... 2 1.4 Open access vs. closed access publications .............................. 2 1.5 Archives ................................................ 3 1.5.1 Volume 6 (2016) ....................................... 3 1.5.2 Volume 5 (2015) ....................................... 3 1.5.3 Volume 4 (2014) ....................................... 3 1.5.4 Volume 3 (2013) ....................................... 3 1.5.5 Volume 2 (2012) ....................................... 3 1.5.6 Volume 1 (2011) ....................................... 4 1.5.7 Search the WRN archives ................................... 4 1.6 Contact ................................................ 4 2 Issue 4(1): January 2014 5 2.0.1 Translation students embrace Wikipedia assignments, but find user interface frustrating ... 5 2.1 Briefly ................................................. 6 2.1.1 References .......................................... 7 3 Issue 4(2): February 2014 8 3.0.2 CSCW '14 retrospective ................................... 8 3.0.3 Clustering Wikipedia editors by their biases ......................... 9 3.0.4 Monthly research showcase launched ............................. 9 3.0.5 Study of AfD debates: Did the SOPA protests mellow deletionists? ............. 9 3.0.6 Word frequency analysis identifies “four
    [Show full text]