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World Bank Document IPP240 Ethnic Minority Development Plan for the WUAGEF adaptation to climate change Pilot Program under IAIL-3 Project in Hui Nationality Autonomous Region, Ningxia Public Disclosure Authorized 1.Review on the legal and institutional framework applicable to the ethnic minority groups, and the summary of their baseline data 1.1 Review on the legal and institutional framework applicable to the ethnic minority groups Ningxia Autonomous Region has 5, 880,000 population and 34.9% of the total population is Hui nationality, which is called “Muslim province”. Hui nationality believes in the Muslim religion, there are more than 3000 mosques. Usually Hui nationality lived collectively, Yinchuan prefecture and Qing Tongxia prefecture have more Hui nationality relatively. Public Disclosure Authorized Based on the documentations provided by Ethnic Group and Religion Affairs Administration Committee in province, municipality and county level, legal and institutional framework applicable to the ethnic minority groups in Ningxia is summarized as follows: 1.1.1 Propagandize and carry out the legal and institutional framework applicable to the ethnic minority groups. In July, 2000, Ethnic Affairs Committee of Ningxia Autonomous Region and Bureau of Religious Affairs of Ningxia Autonomous Region compiled the “Selected articles on legal and institutional framework applicable to the ethnic minority groups” in order to facilitate all levels of leaders, cadres and common people to learn and master the related theories, laws and regulations. Public Disclosure Authorized In 2003, five prefectures and most counties of Ningxia Autonomous Region made decision on “strengthening ethnic work and stepping out the economic and social development of the ethnic minority regions”. Which aim to promoting the economic and social development of the ethnic minority regions and improve the level of living for ethnic minority group. In May of 2005, the province government release “Suggestions on implementing the ‘Decision on strengthening ethnic work and stepping out the economic and social development of the ethnic minority regions of State Council ’”, which required local government in different level to make more efforts to do better job on ethnic minority group development. In the March of 2005, Bureau of Religious Affairs of Ningxia Autonomous Region compiled “Rules on Religion Affairs”. Public Disclosure Authorized 1.1.2 Propagandize and make educational and cultural policy applicable to the ethnic minority groups to improve local ethnic group development. 1 In Sept.2001, on the 21st conference of the 8th national people’s congress of Ningxia Autonomous Region, Ethnic education Statutes of Ningxia Autonomous Region was passed. Since then, many projects implemented to improve school condition such as “Word bank poverty alleviation project II and project IV”. Education conditions of Primary schools and high schools in Ningxia have been improved a lot. In 2005, local government started Standardization of 100 Hui nationality high and primary schools project. Until the end of 2005, 60 school had reached the standard. 1.2 The summary of the baseline data on the ethnic minority groups in the project areas In the project areas in Ningxia Autonomous region, there are 3 project prefectures – Yingchuan, Nongken and Wuzhong city, 20 project townships and 109 project villages. Among them, there are 18 project townships and 82 project villages having the Ethnic Minority Groups (EMG). There are 39752 project households and159081 project population totally, and 27911 project households and 110157project population in the project townships having EMG. Among them, there are 11269 EMG households and 39937 EMG population, accounting respectively to 28.3% and 25.1% of total project areas’ households and population, and 40.4% and 36.25% of the households and population of the project villages having EMG. The EMG is Hui. Among the project households, 26.3% have migrated labors, and among the labors, 42.9% are permanent migrants. While these two figures account to 25.1 and 34.3% for the project EMG households and their labors (see Table 1.1) Table 1.1 Administration and households of the project areas in terms of total and Ethnic Minority Groups (EMG) Prefect Project PT Project PV Proje Project HHs Popul. EMG EMG ure towns. with village with ct popul. in PV/ in PV/ HHs popul. EMG s EMG HHs EMG EMG Yinchu 9 7 38 26 20234 84238 13368 56916 9261 31649 an Wuzho 5 5 27 18 11181 45797 7080 27133 1148 4934 ng Nongk 6 6 44 38 8337 28956 7463 26108 860 3354 en Total 20 18 109 82 39752 159081 27911 11015 11269 39937 7 In the project areas, there are 26.3% of households having wage labors migrated, this figure accounts 25.1% for the EMG households – without significant difference with the non EMG households. However, there are differences among the counties. For example, the figures are 4.8 % in Nongken, much lower than the ones 35.3% and 32.2% in Yinchuan and Wuzhong city. Farms in Nonken are state-owned. Farmers there are agriculture workers. This may be attributed for the difference. In the project areas, there are 28.3% of labors migrated for wage income, among them 42.9% are permanent ones with more than 6 months a year not coming back during the peak season of farming. These figures account 25.7% and 34.3% for the EMG labors. (See Table 1.2) 2 Table 1.2 Labors, migrants and the permanent ones of the project villages having EMGs in terms of total and EMG HHs Prefectur HHs with EMG Labors Migrated Perman EMG EMG EMG e migrants HHs with in PV/ labors in ent ones labors in migrants Perman in PV/ migrants EMG PV/ among PV/ in PV/ ent migr. EMG in PV/ EMG them EMG EMG in PV/ EMG EMG Yinchuan 35.3% 24.1% 29528 29.4% 38.4% 21348 26.0% 31.2% Wuzhong 32.2% 50.9% 18925 40.5% 43.3% 2801 37.7% 48.3% Nongken 4.8% 2.4% 12926 7.7% 81.1% 1921 4.8% 58.1% Total 26.3% 25.1% 61379 28.3% 42.9% 26070 25.7% 34.3% In the project areas, there are 516385 mu of arable land, ranging from 8.46 (in Nongken) to 2.03(in Yinchuan) mu per capita, for Wuzhong is 2.19. Because farms in Nongken are state-owned, so the figure is different from the ones in other two places. Among the land, 73.3-80.1% are irrigated, 71.0-90.8% for crop production and 14.0%-16.9% for cash crops. The food crop production accounts 476.8 -703.1kg/mu a year. Because Wuzhong located in the upward of Huang River, where there has good irrigation and rich soil, the food crop production is relatively high. Table 1.3 Land use composition, food and cash crops and incomes of the project villages with EMG Prefectur Arab. Irrigated Food Yield Main Yuan/ Remitta Cash e Land(mu) crops (kg/m cash capita nce income u) crops Y/ca Y/ca Yinchuan 171028 80.1% 90.8% 476.8 16.9% 1202.5 1170.9 2770.26 Wuzhong 100282.4 77.0% 90.0% 703.1 17.8% 1074.7 408.9 3718.1 Nongken 208983.5 71.0% 71.2% 515.0 13.4% 778.3 3743.8 5015.1 Total 516385 76.3% 81.2% - - - - - There are 15 poverty villages among the project villages. And there are 4014 poor households in the project villages with EMG, which accounts 14.4% of the total households. These two figures are 2812 and 10.1% for the EMG poor households. Within these project villages, the female-headed households, the households with the disabled, the lonely elders’ households and the households with drop-outs pupils account 1.2%,1.8%, 0.5%and 0.4 % of the total households. While the figures for the EMG account0.7%, 1.0%, 0.3%and0.4%. Table 1.4 Poverty situations in the project villages with EMG Prefect Poor Femal HH The HH EMG EMG EMG The EMG ure HH e with lonely with Poor Femal HH with EMG HH heade disabl elders dropou HH e disable lonely with d e t heade elders dropo d ut Yinchu 25.2% 1.7% 2.3% 0.7% 0.4% 20% 1.4% 2.1% 0.6% 0.4% an Wuzho 3.1% 0.7% 3.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.2% 0.08 0.85% 0.03% 0.7% ng % 3 Nongk 13.7% 1.8% 2.9% 0.4% 0.0% 1.8% 0.2% 0.3% 0.01% 0 en Total 14.4% 1.2% 1.8% 0.5% 0.4% 10.1% 0.7% 1.0% 0.3% 0.4% In the project areas, the females and EMG account 46.0 %and 36.3% of total population respectively. While within the village leadership (the party branch and villagers committee), the females account 13.1% of total members, much lower than the proportion within the population. The EMG accounts 21.7% of the total member, also lower then their proportion within the population, and among them the females account 3.9%, quite low. Within the leadership of Women Federation (WF), the EMG take up 23.9%, and Youth League (YL), the females increased the proportion to 28.9% , EMG to 37.5% and EMG female to 12.5%. Table 1.5 Percentage of females and EMG within the village leadership Prefectur % of % of % of % of % of % of % of % of % of e female EMG female EMG EMG EMG female EMG EMG F. popul. popul. leaders leaders female WF YL YL YL leaders leaders leaders leaders leaders Yinchuan 46.0% 55.6% 20.3% 62.3% 13.6% 55.1% 25.7% 56.8% 20.3% Wuzhong 50.9% 18.2% 15.3% 1.1% 0 12.1% 33.3% 11.1% 1.9% Nongken 40.9% 12.8% 8.3% 8.0% 0.2% 5.3% 0 0 0 Total 46.0% 36.3% 13.1% 21.7% 3.9% 23.9% 28.9% 37.5% 12.5% Table 1.6 is about the self-help organizations in the project areas, and EMG participation in the organizations.
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