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f Public Disclosure Authorized Appendix Ill ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT FOR THE CHINA QINBA MOUNTAINS POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT NINGXIA HUI AUTONOMOUSREGION Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Ningxia Research Institute of Environmental Protection September 1996,Yinchuan Public Disclosure Authorized * Table of Contets 1. Preface 1.1 The Project Background . I -..-.... --. *----.(1) 1. 2 The Requirement for theAssessment .-- (2) 1. 3 The Category ofAssessment .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. (2) * 1. 4 Basis for the Report .-.-.-...---.. (2) 1. 6 Applicable National Standards ...........................*-- -)(......4...... 1. 6 Basic Objcetive of Environmental Control and Protection .................................................................... (4) 1. 7 Principles and Methcds of Assessment -.---. -... (4) 1. 8 Process of the Assessment Work ................................................................................................ (5) * 1. 9 Brief Introduction of the Units and Personnels Participating in the Environmental Protection Impact Assessment (5) 2. Project Summnary . -..........I i.-.---.---... (8) 2. 1 The project Characteristics .. (8) 2. 2 The Objective of the Project ... (8) * 2. 3 The Deterrmination of the Project Areas. -................................ ....................................... (8) 2. 4 The Project ConstructionContents I'....................................... ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''..'''''''.'t'''''''.(10) 2. 5 The project Technical Design .- (12) 2. 6 Progress of the Project Implementation.. (13) 2. 7 Investment Estimate . (13) e 2. 8 The project Organization and Management .. (13) 3. The General Situation of the Environmnentin the Project Area. .(15) 3. 1 Natural Environment .. (15) 3. 2 Natural Disasters ........ (16) * 3. 3 The Social and Economic Situation -........ X..............................(16) 3. 4 The Development Condition and Resources Evaluation .. (18) 4. Analysis of Environmental Influence and the Countermeasures . (21) 4. 1 Analysis of the Project Influence on Natural Conditions, Social/Economic Development and Environment System as Well * as the Countermeasures . I...... (21) 4. 2 Analysis and Countermeasures of the Influence from Agricultural Development Component on the Environment. .......................................................................... ..............................................- - ---....--. (23) 4. 3 Analysis of the Influence of Rural Enterprises Development on Environment . .. (33) 4. 4 Analysis of the Influence from Infrastructure Construction Project on the Environment . .(47) 5. Participation of the Public ----..-..--..-..---.................................................... (49) 5. 1 'The Purposes and Way of Survey ..............--.-.................................................... (49) 5. 2 The Objects and Contents of the Survey .................................................. (49) 5. 3 Survey Results and its Analysis .---.--. ....................... ................. (50) * 5. 4 Survey Results and Comprehensive Assessment .(51) 6. The Analysis of the Profit and Lanssof Environ mentalEconomy .......................................................... (54) 6. 1 The Principles of the Analysis .......................................................... (54) 0 . 6. 2 The Method of the Analysis .............................................................. (54) 6. 3 The Project Investment. -54,(54)..................................................................................................... 6. 4 The Project Benefits. ........................................................................................................-.... (55) 6. 5 The Investment of the Environmental Protection ...................................................................... (58) 6. 6 Conclusion .................................................................................................... (58) 7. Analysis of Environrnental Risks ............................................................................................... (59) 7. 1 EnvironnmentalRisks ............................................................................................................ (60) 7. 2 Countermeasures ................................................................................................... (60) 8. Substitue Scheme . (61) 9. Environment Policies and Monitoring ......... "... .............. (63) 9. 1 Enviromnent Management ....................................................................................... I........(63) 9. 2 Organization of Environment of Monitoring ................................................................. (63) 10. Conclusion and Recommendation .............................................................. I....................(65) 10. 1 Feasibility Analysis of the Project Construction .............................................................. (65) 10. 2 Conclusion ........................................................................................... I ....... I.......(65) 10. 3 Recommendations .. (65) Attached Tables. 1. Basic Date of the Project Area 2. Outline of the Project 3. Survey for the Public Participation Attached Maps: The Activities In Qinba Mountanious Area Poverty Reduction Would Band Loan Ningxia Project Area In Coina The Soil Map Of Qinba Mountanious Area Poverty Reduction World Bank Loan Ningxia Project Area In China The Map Of Qinba Mountanious Area Poverty Reduction World Bank Loan Ningxia Project Area In Cl-ina . 0 a.~~~~~~~~~~~~ . 1. Preface 1.1 The Project Backgrournd Xiji, Haiyuan, Tongxin, Jingyuan, Guyuan, Pengyang, Longde and Yanchi counties in Ningxia southern mountainous area are located at the transitional zone of arid and semi-arid zones of northwest of Chinma.The average annual rainfall in most part of the area is less than 400 mm. However, over 70% falls during July to September, the natural rainfall could not meet the basic demand of the crops growing. The drought fiequency is over 70% and the area is suffering from little precipitation and intensive evaporationi. The natural conditions are bad and the economic basis is weak. People are living in dire poverty. Now the population density had already been 54%/sq. krn, which was 2.7 timnes of the international critical umdicator used in the arid and semi-arid areas. The land is overloaded with population and the contradiction between people and natural environment is very big. The area is one of the poorest areas in our country. * In 1983, the Central Government began to calTy out a special agricultural program and the.strategy of poverty ahleviation in the " Three West" area. Through over the ten years' development and execution of poverty alleviation, the passive situation of the agricultural production has been turned round initially and also the poverty situation has been eased up. The Government action has laid a foundation for the farmers in Southern Ningxia to alleviate poverty and bring about prosperity. However, as the production condition has not been improved completely in most parts of 8 counties, in addition, the natural calamities there are frequent and there are still about 700,000 people with income below 320 yuan. The proportion of the area and population in poverty are 5 8% and 44% of the Regional total. This is the only case in China. The economic development in Ningxia is slow and the local financial income is low. It is difficult for Ningxia to support e those farmers to alleviate the poverty as fast as possible. In order to change the situation of these poor areas in southern Ningxia quickly and achieve the goals of the "National 87 poverty alleviation program" as scheduled, the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office, National Planning Commission and the Mimistry of Finance exchanged views with the World Bank and agreed to list Qinba Poverty Reduction project into the World Bank loan plan, and decided to select Xiji, Haiyuan, Tongxin, Jingyuan counties which are the poverty-striken area with more Hui nationality needed to be supported greatly in * southem Ningxia as the project area. : X_ *%MapI-I Distribution of Povcrty -stricken Area of Ninigiia 1 0 1.2 The Requiremenitfor the Assessment According to the requirements of " the EnvironmentalProtection Law of the People's Republic of China" , " the Law of Water and Soil Conservation " and other documents issued by the Envirorcnental Protection Bureau of China, State Planning Coninission, Ministry of Finance and People's Bank of China, Ningxia QB Project Management office entrusted Ningxia Environmental Protection Research Institute with the work of the environmental impact assessment of the project. After that, the qualified expeits have been organizedto carry out the execution of the work. 1.3. The Category of Assessmenit The overall environmental impact assessment of China Qinba Mountains Poverty ReductioniWorld Bank Loan Project has been detennined as " Category B " . InNingxia Project area, there are five components consisting of 67 subprojects. As the different environmental impacts created by different sub-projects, the category of enviromnental assessment are as follows through careful selection carried out by the vork team of the environmental assessment and decided by the Ningxia EnvironmentalProtection Bureau: A. The projects in Category B: (1). Agricultural developmenit,includilng food crops, cash crops, fruit trees and breeding. (2).Rural enterprises development, including the extension of refined starch factory, the extension
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