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Vol. 57 No. 4 APRIL 1952 Threepence Notes of the Month

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Vol. 57 No. 4 APRIL 1952 Threepence Notes of the Month vol. 57 No. 4 APRIL 1952 Threepence Notes of the Month Custos The Story of South Place—III What is Existentialism? Hector flawton Man and Nature II'. E. Swinton Some Problems of Party Politics Lord Chorley Science and the Social Process D. U,. Macrae The Problem of Humour Professor J. C. Hugel Correspondence South Place News Society's Activities S_OLITH PLA'CE ETHICAL SOCIETY SUNDAY MORNIING MEETINGS AT ELEVEN O'CLOCK April 6—ARCHIBALD ROBERTSON, M.A.—"The Ethics of Belief" Bass Solos by G. C. DoNvaty: Loveliest of Trees Somervell Pilgrim's Song Tschaikowsky Hymn: No. 1 - April I3—EASTER—CLOSED April 20—S. K. RATCLIFFE—"H. G. Wells a Revaluation" ' Piano Solo by ARVON DAVIES : Sonata in F sharp. Op. 78 .. .. Beethoven Hymn: No. 11 • April 27—JOSEPH McCABE—"History and its Pessimists" Violin and Piano by MAROOF MACDHRION and FREDERIC JACKSON: Sonatina . Dvorak Hymn: No. 46 (Tune 212) QUESTIONS AFTER THE LECTURE Admission Free Collection SOUTH PLACE SUNDAY CONCERTS, 61s1 SEASON Concerts 6.30 p.m. (Doors open 6.0 p.m.) Admission Is. April 6—MACG1BBON STRING QUARTET Beethoven in F. Op. IS, No. I : Haydn in G. Op 77, No. I : Dohnanyi in p flat, Op 15. April 13—NO CONCERT April 20—LONDON HARPSICHORD ENSEMBLE Bach Flute Sonata in E, Trio in C minor from The Musical Offering, W. F. Bach flute trio in D; Sammartini 'cello and harpsichord Sonata in G ; Handel violin and harpsichord Sonata in A; Haydn flute trio in C minor; Murrill Suite Française for - harpsichord. April 27—CONCERT IN AID OF THE MUSICIANS' BENEVOLENT EUNI). ALEEIT STRING QUARTET. KENNETH ESSEX Mozart in B flat, 1(458 ; Smetana "Ana Meinern Leben" String Quartets Beethoven in C, Op, 29. String Quintet. THE 62nd SEASON WILL BEGIN ON OCTOBER..5, 1952 The Monthly Record is posted free to Members and Associates. The Annual charge to subscribers is 4s. 6d. Matter for publication in the April issue should reach the Editor, G. C. DOwMAN, Conway Hall, Red Lion Square, W.C.I. by March 10. We regret that the increase in the cost of postage has compelled us to charge 4s. 6d. per, annum for subscribers to the Monthly Record. The Objects of the Society are the siudy and dissemination of ethical principles - and the cultivation of a rational religious sentiment. Any person in sympathy with these objects is cordially invited to become a Member . ' (minimum annual subscription is 10s.), or Associate (minimum annual -subscription 5s.). Associates are not eligible to vote or hold office. Enquiries should be made of .the . Registrar to whoni subscriptions should be paid. ' " The MONTHLY RECORD Vol. 57 No. 4 APRIL 1952 Threepence CONTENTS PAGE NOTES OF THE MON1H 3 THE STORY OF SOUTH PLACE—HI . 4 WHAT IS EXISTENTIALISM? !lector newton 9 MAN AND NATURE, W. E. Swinton I I SOME PROBLEMS OF PARTY POLITICS, Lord Charley 13 SCIENCE AND THE SOCIAL PROCESS, a G. Macrae 17 THE PROBLEMOF HUMOUR. Prof. J. C. Plage] .. 18 CORRESPONDENCE .. 20 SOUTH PLACE NEWS .. 21 SOCIETY'S ACTIVITIES 23 The views expressed in this journal are not necessarily those of the Society. - Notes of the Month All members of the Society will learn with sincere regret that Professor G. W. Keeton has been compelled to resign his position as regular lecturer for reasons of health. Professor Keeton has long imposed a great strain upon himself by participating in many activities apart from his heavy responsibilities at London University, where he is head of the Faculty of Law. Late last year he made a journey to South Africa, which prevented him from lecturing for us on Sunday mornings, and on his return he had to fate the hard fact that he must cut down some of his work or take unpleasant consequences. It was impressed upon him that it was parti- cularly advisable that he should rest during the week-end. Therefore, with° considerable reluctance, he informed the Committee that he wished to resign, as he did not care nominally to accept duties that were impossible to carry out. He felt that it was impossible for him, in the circumstances, to pull his weight, and it was with equal regret that the Committee has accepted his decision. We all hope that Professor Keeton will benefit by the rest and speedily be restored to full strength. His monthly addresses were greatly enjoyed, and he has such a profound knowledge of the international scene that they were of no mere ephemeral value. It is to be hoped that., although he is no" longer a regular. lecturer, he will occasionally return to our plat- 3 -s. form when he is able to do so. We are grateful for his deep interest in the Society, and are glad indeed of ,thc assurance that it remains unabated. Ethics and Sport Dr. Edith Summerskill's campaign against •boxing is hardly likely to succeed, but it draws attention to a lamentable state of affairs. The weight of medical evidence pointing to the permanent harm done by blows to the head with modern gloves is impressive. Indeed, some boxing experts have gone as far as to suggest that the old-fashioned bare-fist contests were less brutal, and that the use of gloves allows punishment to be administered that would be impossible if the hands were not protected. A disquieting feature of some recent exhibitions has been the relish with which the visible damage has been described in newspaper reports. A short step farther and we shall approach the mood of a gladiatorial show. It ought not to be impossible to reform the present rules in such a way that the elements, , of sport are retained and the appeal to sadism eliminated. Risks must be accepted in all sports. What is unwholesome is to enjoy the spectacle of other people's danger f rom a position of safety. It is not sport but decadence to find pleasures in watching a man being battered into premature senility —and that, after all, is what the term "punch-drunk" really means. A Candidate for Sainthood The' Roman calendar of Saints grows year by year, and the Pope has already announced three canonisations for 1952. We are indebted to the Rome correspondent of the 'Manchester Guardian for a description- of the elaborate procedure involved. There is never any lack of claimants. In almost every country outside the Russian sphere groups of postulants are engaged in the search for candidates and the work of inquiry and classifica- tion is conducted in conclave by the Congregation of Rites. The postulants sign petitions in great numbers and collect evidence of maily kinds in support. A monetary contribution is expected with the signature to cover the high cost of the suit. Two censors are appointed for the first examina- tion, along with a Promotor Generalis Fidei or Devil's Advocate. The claims, of course, are based upon every kind of evidence, and it is mit surprising that the initial inquiry is fatal to all save a few. One especially interesting example is cited, Dr. Giuseppe Moscati, who practised for many years in the Naples hospital for incurables. To a fair-minded outsider he would seem to have a good case, since his career of self-sacrifice was upheld by shining graces of character. Thc Devil's Advocate, however.- brought out a single damaging circumstance. A colleague testified that on a certain night in Budapest he conducted Dr. Moscati and others to "a house of great luxury and evil repute". The motive of the visit, presumably, was scientific, -but the place offended the doctor and he stayed for no longer than a minute of two. Here, however, is a serious snag, for the doctor and his guide were exposed to "the extremely close peril of mortal sin". CUSTOS The Story of South Place—III W. J. FOX 1N HIS PRIME THE OPENINGOF South Place in 1824 -was a cardinal event in the annals ot the Society and especially in the career of William Johnson Fox. The new chapel took its -place at once as a vigorous centre of liberal religion and intellectual activity. -Its situation was favourable. During the first part of the 19th century the City was still a residential area. Many old families held 4 on to their houses in the shadow of St. Paul's .or the Bank of England. For instance, George Grote, the historian of Greece, lived in Threadneedle Street and Elizabeth Fry was close at hand. The immediate neighbourhood of South Place was not without design. Its features were similar to those of Bloomsbury. Finsbury Square, Circus, and Pavement had been recently laid out,making an attractive quarter for well-to-do City people.Fox himself settleci in Hackney. He had many nonconformist neighbours who looked upon South Place and Gravel Pit chapels as twin centres of free religion. The villages lying between Limehousc and Stoke Newington were providing suburban retreats for householders who could afford to live at the distance of a stage or carriage drive from office or warehouse. In years to come Fox • was to make a special reputation by his lectures to working men. But the South Place congregation was mostly in comfortable circumstances and, of necessity, a fair percentage was drawn from the eastern districts. Both the Society and its minister benefited gieatly by the removal from Bishopsgate. Instead of a pulpit in an obscure passage Fox noW had .the advantage of an adequate building on a site suited to many purposes besides the Sunday services which began to make a wide and unusual appeal. To begin with, of course, Fox was pre-eminently the preacher.
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