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Concise Ancient History of Indonesia.Pdf
CONCISE ANCIENT HISTORY OF INDONESIA CONCISE ANCIENT HISTORY O F INDONESIA BY SATYAWATI SULEIMAN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION JAKARTA Copyright by The Archaeological Foundation ]or The National Archaeological Institute 1974 Sponsored by The Ford Foundation Printed by Djambatan — Jakarta Percetakan Endang CONTENTS Preface • • VI I. The Prehistory of Indonesia 1 Early man ; The Foodgathering Stage or Palaeolithic ; The Developed Stage of Foodgathering or Epi-Palaeo- lithic ; The Foodproducing Stage or Neolithic ; The Stage of Craftsmanship or The Early Metal Stage. II. The first contacts with Hinduism and Buddhism 10 III. The first inscriptions 14 IV. Sumatra — The rise of Srivijaya 16 V. Sanjayas and Shailendras 19 VI. Shailendras in Sumatra • •.. 23 VII. Java from 860 A.D. to the 12th century • • 27 VIII. Singhasari • • 30 IX. Majapahit 33 X. The Nusantara : The other islands 38 West Java ; Bali ; Sumatra ; Kalimantan. Bibliography 52 V PREFACE This book is intended to serve as a framework for the ancient history of Indonesia in a concise form. Published for the first time more than a decade ago as a booklet in a modest cyclostyled shape by the Cultural Department of the Indonesian Embassy in India, it has been revised several times in Jakarta in the same form to keep up to date with new discoveries and current theories. Since it seemed to have filled a need felt by foreigners as well as Indonesians to obtain an elementary knowledge of Indonesia's past, it has been thought wise to publish it now in a printed form with the aim to reach a larger public than before. -
A Short History of Indonesia: the Unlikely Nation?
History Indonesia PAGES 13/2/03 8:28 AM Page i A SHORT HISTORY OF INDONESIA History Indonesia PAGES 13/2/03 8:28 AM Page ii Short History of Asia Series Series Editor: Milton Osborne Milton Osborne has had an association with the Asian region for over 40 years as an academic, public servant and independent writer. He is the author of eight books on Asian topics, including Southeast Asia: An Introductory History, first published in 1979 and now in its eighth edition, and, most recently, The Mekong: Turbulent Past, Uncertain Future, published in 2000. History Indonesia PAGES 13/2/03 8:28 AM Page iii A SHORT HISTORY OF INDONESIA THE UNLIKELY NATION? Colin Brown History Indonesia PAGES 13/2/03 8:28 AM Page iv First published in 2003 Copyright © Colin Brown 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. The Australian Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) allows a maximum of one chapter or 10 per cent of this book, whichever is the greater, to be photocopied by any educational institution for its educational purposes provided that the educational institution (or body that administers it) has given a remuneration notice to Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) under the Act. Allen & Unwin 83 Alexander Street Crows Nest NSW 2065 Australia Phone: (61 2) 8425 0100 Fax: (61 2) 9906 2218 Email: [email protected] Web: www.allenandunwin.com National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry: Brown, Colin, A short history of Indonesia : the unlikely nation? Bibliography. -
Global Journal of Human Social Sciences
Global Journal of Human Social Science: F Political Science Global Journal of Human Social Science: F Political Science V olume 13 Issue 2 (Ver. 1.0) Open Association of Research Society *OREDO-RXUQDORI+XPDQ *OREDO-RXUQDOV,QF Social Sciences. 2013. $'HODZDUH86$,QFRUSRUDWLRQZLWK³*RRG6WDQGLQJ´Reg. Number: 0423089 6SRQVRUV Open Association of Research Society $OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG 2SHQ6FLHQWLILF6WDQGDUGV 7KLVLVDVSHFLDOLVVXHSXEOLVKHGLQYHUVLRQ RI³*OREDO-RXUQDORI+XPDQ6RFLDO 3XEOLVKHU¶V+HDGTXDUWHUVRIILFH 6FLHQFHV´%\*OREDO-RXUQDOV,QF $OODUWLFOHVDUHRSHQDFFHVVDUWLFOHVGLVWULEXWHG *OREDO-RXUQDOV,QF+HDGTXDUWHUV&RUSRUDWH2IILFH XQGHU³*OREDO-RXUQDORI+XPDQ6RFLDO 6FLHQFHV´ &DPEULGJH2IILFH&HQWHU,,&DQDO3DUN)ORRU1R 5HDGLQJ/LFHQVHZKLFKSHUPLWVUHVWULFWHGXVH WKCambridge (Massachusetts)3LQ0$ (QWLUHFRQWHQWVDUHFRS\ULJKWE\RI³*OREDO -RXUQDORI+XPDQ6RFLDO6FLHQFHV´XQOHVV 8QLWHG6WDWHV RWKHUZLVHQRWHGRQVSHFLILFDUWLFOHV 86$7ROO)UHH 86$7ROO)UHH)D[ 1RSDUWRIWKLVSXEOLFDWLRQPD\EHUHSURGXFHG RUWUDQVPLWWHGLQDQ\IRUPRUE\DQ\PHDQV 2IIVHW7\SHVHWWLQJ HOHFWURQLFRUPHFKDQLFDOLQFOXGLQJ SKRWRFRS\UHFRUGLQJRUDQ\LQIRUPDWLRQ VWRUDJHDQGUHWULHYDOV\VWHPZLWKRXWZULWWHQ Open Association of Research Society , Marsh Road, SHUPLVVLRQ Rainham, Essex, London RM13 8EU 7KHRSLQLRQVDQGVWDWHPHQWVPDGHLQWKLV United Kingdom. ERRNDUHWKRVHRIWKHDXWKRUVFRQFHUQHG 8OWUDFXOWXUHKDVQRWYHULILHGDQGQHLWKHU FRQILUPVQRUGHQLHVDQ\RIWKHIRUHJRLQJDQG QRZDUUDQW\RUILWQHVVLVLPSOLHG 3DFNDJLQJ &RQWLQHQWDO'LVSDWFKLQJ (QJDJHZLWKWKHFRQWHQWVKHUHLQDW\RXURZQ ULVN *OREDO-RXUQDOV,QGLD 7KHXVHRIWKLVMRXUQDODQGWKHWHUPVDQG FRQGLWLRQVIRURXUSURYLGLQJLQIRUPDWLRQLV -
Erfina Prabandari110110201010
Digital Repository Universitas Jember Digital Repository Universitas Jember RELASI KUASA DAN REPRESENTASITOKOH “KEN AROK” DALAM NASKAH DRAMA KEN AROK KARYA SAINI K.M., NASKAH PARARATON, DAN NASKAH NAGARAKRETA- GAMA: PENDEKATAN INTERTEKSTUALITAS SKRIPSI Oleh Erfina Prabandari NIM 110110201010 JURUSAN SASTRA INDONESIA FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS JEMBER 2016 i Digital Repository Universitas Jember Digital Repository Universitas Jember RELASI KUASA DAN REPRESENTASITOKOH “KEN AROK” DALAM NASKAH DRAMA KEN AROK KARYA SAINI K.M., NASKAH PARARATON, DAN NASKAH NAGARAKRETA- GAMA: PENDEKATAN INTERTEKSTUALITAS SKRIPSI diajukan guna melengkapi tugas akhir dan memenuhi salah satu syarat untuk menyelesaikan Program Studi Sastra Indonesia (S1) dan mencapai gelar Sarjana Sastra Oleh Erfina Prabandari NIM 110110201010 JURUSAN SASTRA INDONESIA FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS JEMBER 2016 ii Digital Repository Universitas Jember Digital Repository Universitas Jember PERSEMBAHAN Skripsi ini saya persembahan untuk: 1. ayah Syamsul Arifin, Ibu Ermiyati serta nenek Siti Muryana yang tercinta; 2. almamater Fakultas Sastra Universitas Jember; 3. guru-guru sejak taman kanak-kanak sampai dengan perguruan tinggi. iii Digital Repository Universitas Jember Digital Repository Universitas Jember MOTO You are the main character in your live, then live well so you will be remembered as the good figure.1 Terjemahan: Kamu merupakan tokoh utama dalam hidupmu, maka hiduplah dengan baik agar kamu dikenang sebagai tokoh yang baik. Grote dingen zijn niet gedaan door impuls maar een reeks van kleine dingen bij elkaar gebracht.2 Terjemahan: Karya besar tidak dikerjakan oleh dorongan, namun oleh rangkaian hal-hal kecil yang dibawa bersama-sama. 1 Moto karya penulis (Erfina Prabandari), sebelumnya belum pernah diterbitkan atau ditulis dalam media apapun. 2 Tulisan Vincent van Gogh (pelukis terkenal dari Belanda) dalam suratnya untuk Theo van Gogh (Oktober 1882). -
Historical Game of Majapahit Kingdom Based on Tactical Role-Playing Game
Historical Game of Majapahit Kingdom based on Tactical Role-playing Game Mohammad Fadly Syahputra, Muhammad Kurniawan Widhianto and Romi Fadillah Rahmat Department Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia Keywords: Cut-out Animation, History, Majapahit, Role-playing Game, Tactical Role-playing Game, Turn based Strategy, Video Game. Abstract: Majapahit was a kingdom centered in East Java, which once stood around year 1293 to 1500 C. Majapahit kingdom was the last Hindu-Buddhist kingdom that controlled Nusantara and is regarded as one of the greatest kingdom in Indonesia. The lack of modern entertainment content about the history of Majapahit kingdom made historical subject become less attractive. Therefore, we need a modern entertainment as one option to learn about the fascinating history of the kingdom of Majapahit. In this study the authors designed a video game about history of Majapahit kingdom with the genre of tactical role-playing game. Tactical role-playing game is a sub genre of role playing game by using system of turn-based strategy in every battle. In tactical role-playing game, players will take turns with the opponent and can only take action in their turn and each character will have an attribute and level as in role-playing game video game. This study used the A* algorithm to determine the movement direction of the unit and cut-out techniques in the making of animation. This study demonstrated that video games can be used as a media to learn about history. 1 INTRODUCTION only used as an entertainment, but also can be used as a story telling, and sometimes game also can be mixed Majapahit was a kingdom centered in East Java, with educational elements to train someone. -
Dinamika Maskulinitas Dan Nasionalisme Masyarakat Jawa Di Era Majapahit
Satwika, vol 4 (2020) issue 1, 116-129 Satwika : Kajian Ilmu Budaya dan Perubahan Sosial ISSN: 2580-8567 (Print) – 2580- 443X (Online) Journal Homepage: ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/JICC Dinamika Maskulinitas dan Nasionalisme Masyarakat Jawa di Era Majapahit Mega Widyawati a,1*, Eggy Fajar Andalas b,2 a Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Jalan Tlogomas 246 Malang, Indonesia, 65144 1 [email protected]; 2 [email protected] * Corresponding Author INFO ARTIKEL ABSTRAK Sejarah Artikel: Maskulinitas dan nasionalisme selama ini menggambarkan fenomena di Diterima: 12 November mana konsepsi negara atau bangsa, termasuk bagian dari kedaulatan dan 2020 identitas yang berkontribusi dalam kaitannya dengan peran gender. Direvisi: 12 November Artinya, mikrokultur maskulinitas dalam kehidupan sehari-hari 2020 mengartikulasikan dengan sangat baik dengan tuntutan nasionalisme. Disetujui: 15 November Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk 2020 maskulinitas dan nasionalisme yang beroperasi pada kultur masyarakat Tersedia Daring: 16 Jawa dahulu, tepatnya pada era Kerajaan Majapahit. Penelitian ini November 2020 menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian berupa Kata Kunci: novel Jayaning Majapahit (2014) karya Agus S. Soerono. Teknik Jawa pengumpulan data memakai teknik baca-catat. Analisis data dilakukan Kerajaan Majapahit dengan menyajikan data, menginterpretasi data, dan menarik kesimpulan Maskulinitas berdasarkan tujuan yang dinyatakan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Nasionalisme novel Jayaning Majapahit mewacanakan -
Asia Society Presents Music and Dance of Yogyakarta
Asia Society Presents Music and Dance of Yogyakarta Sunday, November 11, 2018 7:00 P.M. Asia Society 725 Park Avenue at 70th Street New York City This program is approximately ninety minutes with no intermission In conjunction with a visit from Hamengkubuwono X, the Sultan of Yogyakarta in Indonesia, Asia Society hosts a performance by the court dancers and musicians of Yogyakarta. The Palace of Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat is the cultural heart of the city. From generation to generation, the Sultans of Yogyakarta are the traditional governors of the city and responsible for passing on art and culture heritage. The entire royal family is involved in preserving these art forms, and the troupe must perform with a member of the royal family present. The dances from Yogyakarta will be accompanied by gamelan music native to Java. Program Golek Menak Umarmaya Umarmadi Dance Masked Dance Fragment (Wayang Wong) “Klana Sewandana Gandrung” Bedhaya Sang Amurwabhumi About the forms: Golek Menak The golek menak is a contemporary example of the seminal influence exerted by the puppet theater on other Javanese performing arts. This dance was inspired by the stick–puppet theater (wayang golek), popular in the rural area of Yogyakarta. Using the three dimensional rod-puppets, it portrays episodes from a series of stories known as menak. Unlike the high-art wayang kulit (shadow puppets), it is a village entertainment, and it did not flourish at the court. As a dance drama, golek menak focuses on imitating this rod-puppet theater with amazing faithfulness. Human dancers realistically imitate the smallest details of puppet movement, right down to the stylized breathing of the puppets. -
Historical Scholarship Between South Asia and Europe
Java’s Mongol Demon. Inscribing the Horse Archer into the Epic History of Majapahit1 Jos Gommans Abstract The temple of Panataran near Blitar in Java features a unique scene in which one of the Ramayana demons, Indrajit, is depicted as a Mongol mounted horse-warrior. This essay explores the meaning of this representation on the basis of the multi- layered history and historiography of Java’s Mongol invasion. “Everything that happened in the Ramayana was absolutely real.” Maheshvaratirtha, sixteenth century (cited in Pollock 1993: 279) Panataran Temple Walking anti-clockwise around the base of the main terrace at Panataran Tem- ple, twelve kilometres north-east of Blitar in Java, the visitor is treated to the truly remarkable display of 106 relief panels carved with sequential scenes from the story of the Ramayana – the source of this particular series is the Kakawin version, which almost certainly dates from the ninth century CE, making it the earliest surviving work of Old Javanese poetry. Interestingly, the main charac- ter in this pictorial rendering is not the more customary figure of Rama, the exiled king, but instead his loyal monkey companion Hanuman. However, given the popularity of Hanuman in the Indic world in around the time the Panataran panels were made – the mid-fourteenth century – his prominence is perhaps not all that surprising after all (Lutgendorf 2007). Except for Hanu- man’s unusual role, the panels follow the conventional narrative, starting with the abduction of Rama’s wife Sita by Ravana, the demon king of Lanka. Many of the panels depict Hanuman’s heroic fights with demons (rakshasas), and the first series of battles culminates in panel 55, which shows Hanuman being attacked by Ravana’s son Indrajit. -
Tenaga Dalam Volume 2 - August 1999
Tenaga Dalam Volume 2 - August 1999 The Voice of the Indonesian Pencak Silat Governing Board - USA Branch Welcome to the August issue of Tenaga Dalam. A lot has occurred since May issue. Pendekar Sanders had a very successful seminar in Ireland with Guru Liam McDonald on May 15-16, a very large and successful seminar at Guru Besar Jeff Davidson’s school on June 5-6 and he just returned from a seminar in England. The seminar at Guru Besar Jeff Davidson’s was video taped and the 2 volume set can be purchased through Raja Naga. Tape 1 consists of blakok (crane) training and Tape 2 has about 15 minutes more of blakok training followed by a very intense training session in various animal possessions including the very rare Raja Naga possession. Guru Besar Davidson and his students should be commended on their excellent portrayal of the art. Tape 1 is available to the general public, but due to the intense nature of tape 2 you must be a student. It is with great sadness that I must report that Guru William F. Birge passed away. William was a long time personal student of Pendekar Sanders and he will be missed by all of the people that he came into contact with. 1 Tribute to Guru William F. Birge Your Memory Will Live On In Our Hearts. 2 DJAKARTA aeroplane is a lead-coloured line of sand beaten by EX ‘PEARL OF THE EAST’ waves seeping into a land as flat as Holland. The Dutch settlers who came here in 1618 and founded The following is a passage from the wonderful Batavia must have thought it strangely like their book Magic and Mystics of Java by Nina Epton, homeland. -
BAB II DESKRIPSI OBYEK PENELITIAN A. Dari Singasari
BAB II DESKRIPSI OBYEK PENELITIAN A. Dari Singasari Sampai PIM Sejarah singkat berdirinya kerajaan Majapahit, penulis rangkum dari berbagai sumber. Kebanyakan dari literatur soal Majapahit adalah hasil tafsir, interpretasi dari orang per orang yang bisa jadi menimbulkan sanggahan di sana- sini. Itulah yang penulis temui pada forum obrolan di dunia maya seputar Majapahit. Masing-masing pihak merasa pemahamannyalah yang paling sempurna. Maka dari itu, penulis mencoba untuk merangkum dari berbagai sumber, memilih yang sekiranya sama pada setiap perbedaan pandangan yang ada. Keberadaan Majapahit tidak bisa dilepaskan dari kerajaan Singasari. Tidak hanya karena urutan waktu, tapi juga penguasa Majapahit adalah para penguasa kerajaan Singasari yang runtuh akibat serangan dari kerajaan Daha.1 Raden Wijaya yang merupakan panglima perang Singasari kemudian memutuskan untuk mengabdi pada Daha di bawah kepemimpinan Jayakatwang. Berkat pengabdiannya pada Daha, Raden Wijaya akhirnya mendapat kepercayaan penuh dari Jayakatwang. Bermodal kepercayaan itulah, pada tahun 1292 Raden Wijaya meminta izin kepada Jayakatwang untuk membuka hutan Tarik untuk dijadikan desa guna menjadi pertahanan terdepan yang melindungi Daha.2 Setelah mendapat izin Jayakatwang, Raden Wijaya kemudian membabat hutan Tarik itu, membangun desa yang kemudian diberi nama Majapahit. Nama 1 Esa Damar Pinuluh, Pesona Majapahit (Jogjakarta: BukuBiru, 2010), hal. 7-14. 2 Ibid., hal. 16. 29 Majapahit konon diambil dari nama pohon buah maja yang rasa buahnya sangat pahit. Kemampuan Raden Wijaya sebagai panglima memang tidak diragukan. Sesaat setelah membuka hutan Tarik, tepatnya tahun 1293, ia menggulingkan Jayakatwang dan menjadi raja pertama Majapahit. Perjalanan Majapahit kemudian diwarnai dengan beragam pemberontakan yang dilakukan oleh para sahabatnya yang merasa tidak puas atas pembagian kekuasaannya. Sekali lagi Raden Wijaya membuktikan keampuhannya sebagai seorang pemimpin. -
Topeng Patih Dance: a Manifestation of the Beginning of Human Life In
ICADECS International Conference on Art, Design, Education and Cultural Studies Volume 2020 Conference Paper Topeng Patih Dance: A Manifestation of the Beginning of Human Life in the Malang Mask Puppet’s World Soerjo Wido Minarto and Kelik Desta Rahmanto Study Program of Dance and Music Education, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia Abstract The focus of the study in this research was the Patih Mask dance in the Malang Masked Puppet performance as the opening dance. This dance has a close relationship with space, time, and content in the structure of the show. The purpose of this study is to examine the expression of aesthetic concepts through the structure of artistic symbols in the performance of Malang Masked Puppet. This research used ethnographic methods by emphasizing structural and hermeneutic theories. The aesthetic symbols that are reflected in the unity of the show consist of the ritual concept, characterization, Corresponding Author: communication, dance moves, make-up and fashion, accompaniment music, and Soerjo Wido Minarto elements of the stage which all lead to a noble behavior. The whole unity of the [email protected] elements is a symbol of ”Sangkan Paran”. Received: Month 2020 Keywords: Symbols, beginning, Sangkan Paran, Patih Mask, Malang Mask Puppet Accepted: Month 2020 Published: Month 2020 Publishing services provided by Knowledge E Soerjo Wido Minarto and 1. Introduction Kelik Desta Rahmanto. This article is distributed under the The Malang Puppet Mask Dramatari is believed to be the remnants of the noble heritage terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which of the great kingdoms in Malang. -
Aparatur Sipil Negara, BUKAN Abdi Negara Biasa
Media Edukasi dan Informasi Keuangan EDUKASI KEUANGAN ASN Aparatur Sipil Negara, BUKAN Abdi Negara Biasa Edisi 23/2014 Daftar Isi Salam Redaksi 2 Lintas Peristiwa 4 Liputan Utama 6 Liputan Khusus 14 Profil 18 Kuis 23 Serambi Ilmu 24 Mata Air 53 Klinik Sehat 55 Tips n Trik 56 English Corner 59 Selasar 60 Point Of Interest 61 Kalender Diklat 63 Resensi Buku 64 Kang Edu 65 Redaksi menerima kritik saran, pertanyaan, atau sanggahan terhadap EDUKASI masalah-masalah yang berkaitan dengan Kementerian Keuangan. K E U A N G A N Sampaikan melalui alamat email : [email protected] Salam Redaksi Belakangan ini muncul beberapa pertanyaan terkait dengan pegawai negeri sipil. Apa benar PNS berubah? Apakah jabatan dalam PNS juga diganti? Pertanyaan tersebut muncul sebagai konsekuensi dari disahkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara. Undang-Undang tersebut menggantikan UU Nomor 43 tahun 1999 tentang Pokok Po- kok Kepegawaian. Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) dalam Undang- Undang tersebut secara istilah memang menggantikan istilah PNS. Undang-Undang ASN lahir dari usaha reformasi birokrasi di Indonesia, dimana sistem birokrasi menekankan pada efektifitas dan efisiensi. Banyak hal yang “berubah”, paradigma PNS sebagai sebuah pekerjaan mulai dikampanyekan bahwa PNS itu adalah profesi melalui sebutan barunya yaitu Aparatur Sipil Negara. Sebagai sebuah profesi, negara perlu mengatur adanya asas, nilai dasar, kode etik, sampai bagaimana mengembangkan ASN secara terpadu. Penajaman dan penekanan serta profesionalisme aparatur sipil negara terlihat pada butir-butir di Undang-Undang tersebut. Pengertian UU ASN, pokok pokok perubahan serta maksud dan tujuan dari perubahan tersebut kami tuangkan kedalam Liputan Utama Majalah edisi ke-23 ini.