OECD LEED PROGRAMME Local Economic Strategy Series Review of Belfast, United Kingdom
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OECD LEED PROGRAMME Local economic strategy series Review of Belfast, United Kingdom LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT LEED LOCAL ECONOMIC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT OECD LEED PROGRAMME Local Economic Strategy Series REVIEW OF BELFAST, UNITED KINGDOM FOREWORD - 3 FOREWORD Economic development is not like orthodox public services, where a defined service is delivered to a relatively well-known customer/population base within a defined geography. It operates both within governmental spheres and within markets, where the final customer might be one of many at the start and where factors well outside the control of local and provincial governments impact upon the outcome. Economic development processes also happen within a wider geographical space than local government and in some cases at a larger space than provincial or national governments, which implies that substantial inter-governmental co-operation is required. It is for these reasons that we consider economic strategy making to be an important area of work for the OECD LEED Programme. We have actively engaged with stakeholders in Belfast over recent years to contribute to the local development agenda in the city and to learn from the exceptional circumstances that have shaped the city over the last thirty years and it its remarkable revival over the last decade. The success of Belfast over the next 25 years is critical to the success of Northern Ireland, which is in turn essential if the people of the region are to enjoy the right quality of life and standards of living and if the lasting dividends of the peace settlement are to be secured and broadly shared. Northern Ireland is a small region by European standards and it enjoys some excellent attributes and characteristics which should be the basis for long term economic success. However it will only succeed if the city of Belfast, its capital, major business and employment hub, infrastructure platform and largest settlement, is also able to succeed. Smaller provinces and nations do not succeed if their capital city fails and many smaller nations have realised that enabling the capital to thrive is key to helping other regions grow and become more dynamic. There is no zero sum competition between the cities and towns in such countries, nor are there in Northern Ireland. If the wider Belfast economy is to secure its objectives in relation to economic growth then it requires a concerted strategy that will enhance its underlying relative economic competitiveness and address the structural weaknesses that have been identified in this chapter. This is essential if Belfast is to attract the investment that underpins economic growth. This strategy should be based on recognition of the particular role played by advanced urban agglomerations in enhancing regional competitiveness and which is currently influencing the shape and form of urban policy in many countries. A strong and fast growing Belfast economy is thus of fundamental importance for the growth and development of Northern Ireland as a whole. The strategy has to consider how to enhance the quality of the work force, as well as providing a good supply of accessible land and premises to accommodate growth. Particular attention has to be given to upgrading key infrastructure that provides good quality access and communication links, particularly between Belfast and other parts of Northern Ireland and the Republic. Enhancing the quality of the public realm, developing Belfast city centre and building links to the Laganside area are also important. Belfast therefore needs to acknowledge that it exists within a wider regional economy and action must be aligned to this functional scale. The city must assert its place in the region – as an iconic core, a centre of R&D or of high value functions – and actions that allow the city to maximise its contribution to the success of the wider region must be developed. A plan for the role of Belfast within the regional Local Economic Strategy Series Review of Belfast, United Kingdom – © OECD 2008 4 - FOREWORD context must be developed so that the city works both with and for, the region. Without a comprehensive and coherent plan, Belfast will be unable to fully benefit the wider region. In Belfast and Northern Ireland more widely, there is an important and distinctive challenge. Following the years of unrest, private sector confidence in the region and the city now have to be studiously rebuilt if the gains of peace are to be achieved. Confidence is different from aspiration; it will result from a demonstrated capability of making investment work, being open to business and encouraging new private sector employment. Northern Ireland’s key economic challenge is to gradually build a much stronger private sector economy and, in the long term, to reduce the dependence on public sector transfers and employment. There is an important second reason why an OECD study of Belfast is important at this time. Many countries in the OECD and beyond, want to learn from the experience that Belfast and Northern Ireland are now having. In short, Belfast must succeed if Northern Ireland is to realise its peace dividend and if Belfast does succeed, there are lessons for many other parts of the world that must be distilled and disseminated. There are many reasons to be optimistic about the future development of Belfast and Northern Ireland. The restitution of self governance for the region and the proposed return of statutory decision making powers to local government contribute to making Belfast and Northern Ireland more "fit for purpose" for the 21st century. It is also an important benchmark for cities and regions around the world. Our commitment in the OECD LEED Programme to enhance the capacity of all economic development stakeholders to realise a more prosperous, equitable and sustainable future demands that we learn from cities such as Belfast and set their experience in an international context. Sergio Arzeni Director, OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs & Local Development Local Economic Strategy Series Review of Belfast, United Kingdom – © OECD 2008 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study draws on an extensive analytical tool kit developed by Belfast City Council over the last six years. The OECD LEED Programme would like to express our thanks to Peter McNaney, Chief Executive; Marie-Thérése McGivern, Director of Development and Anne–Marie Campbell, Policy and Research Manager of Belfast City Council, and to all local Councillors who participated in our review. This work has also benefitted from the sound regional analysis and policy framework emerging from the Northern Ireland Executive and we thank ministers and policy makers for their time and interest in this work. In addition, all stakeholders who gave their time and unique insights into this work during our visits are also recognised. The methodology for the work was based on OECD peer review practices which rely on a team of international experts, study missions and commissioned reports. The expert team were: Debra Mountford, Senior Policy Analyst, and Manager of the OECD LEED Forum on Development Agencies and Investment Strategies; Katia Travkina, Policy Analyst for Outreach Activities; Greg Clark, Chair of the OECD LEED Forum on Development Agencies and Investment Strategies; Prof. Peter Tyler, University of Cambridge; Andrew Boraine, Chief Executive of the Cape Town Partnership; Gary Lawrence, Urban Strategies Leader, ARUP; Paul Sweeney, Economic Advisor, ICTU; and John Simpson, Local Advisor. Additional thanks go to Joe Huxley for his proofreading and editorial input, to Damian Garnys for preparing this publication and to Lucy Clarke for co-ordinating the production of this book. Local Economic Strategy Series Review of Belfast, United Kingdom – © OECD 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS - 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS Key Speeches from the Conference “State Of The City V”, 20 May 2008 ......................................11 Sir Reg Empey, Minister for Employment and Learning ...................................................................11 Councillor Michael Browne, Chair of Development, Belfast City Council Development Committee ....................................................................................................................15 Bruce Robinson, Permanent Secretary, Dept of Finance and Personnel ............................................17 DSD Ministerial Text for the OECD Report on the Future Development of Belfast .....................20 Urban development .............................................................................................................................21