Paul Revere and His Engraving
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The Boston Police Strike in the Context of American Labor
Nineteen Nineteen: The Boston Police Strike in the Context of American Labor An Essay Presented by Zachary Moses Schrag to The Committee on Degrees in Social Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a degree with honors of Bachelor of Arts Harvard College March 1992 Author’s note, 2002 This portion of my website presents "Nineteen Nineteen: The Boston Police Strike in the Context of American Labor." I wrote this essay in the spring of 1992 as my undergraduate honors thesis. I hope that the intervening ten years and my graduate education have helped me produce more sophisticated, better written works of history. But since I posted this thesis on-line several years ago, several websites have linked to the essay as a useful resource on the strike, labor history, and Calvin Coolidge. I therefore intend to keep it on the Web indefinitely. Aside from some minor corrections, this version is identical to the one I submitted, now on file at the Harvard Depository. The suggested citation is, Zachary Moses Schrag, “Nineteen Nineteen: The Boston Police Strike in the Context of American Labor” (A.B. thesis, Harvard University, 1992). Author’s note, March 2012 In the spring of 2011, my website, www.schrag.info, was maliciously hacked, leading me to reorganize that site as historyprofessor.org and zacharyschrag.com. As part of the reorganization, and in honor of the twentieth anniversary of this document’s completion, I have replaced the HTML version of the thesis—created in 1997—with the PDF you are now reading, which I hope is a more convenient format. -
Bibliography of American Newspapers, 1690-1820
128 American Antiquarian Society. [April, BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AMERICAN NEWSPAPERS, 1690-1820 PART III ' MARYLAND TO MASSACHUSETTS (BOSTON) COMPILED BY CLARENCE S. BRIGHAM The following bibliography attempts, first, to present a historical sketch of every newspaper printed in the United States from 1690 to 1820; secondly, to locate all files found in the various libraries of the country; and thirdly, to give a complete check list of the issues in the library of the American Antiquarian Society. The historical sketch of each paper gives the title, the date of establishment, the name of the editor or publisher, the fre- quency of issue and the date of discontinuance. It also attempts to give the exact date of issue when a change in title or name of publisher or frequency of publication occurs. In locating the files to be found in various libraries, no at- tempt is made to list every issue. In the case of common news- papers which are to be found in many libraries, only the longer files are noted, with a description of their completeness. Rare newspapers, which are known by only a few scattered issues, are minutely listed. The check list of the issues in the library of the American Antiquarian Society follows the style of the Library of Con- gress "Check List of Eighteenth Century Newspapers," and records all supplements, missing issues and mutilations. The arrangement is alphabetical by states and towns. Towns are placed according to their present State location. For convenience of alphabetization, the initial "The" in the titles of papers is disregarded. Papers are considered to be of folio size, unless otherwise stated. -
Mary Kellogg: Aesthetic Dance Visionary
Posted at www.winchester.us/480/Winchester-History-Online Follow the link to read the article in context and learn about the project. MARY KELLOGG: AESTHETIC DANCE VISIONARY By Ellen Knight1 When Winchester’s Mary Kellogg danced, all the Boston papers agreed, she was a vision of exquisite elegance and grace. When Kellogg designed a dance production, her audiences were transported to lands of poetry, myth, and legend. Virtually forgotten today, Kellogg held a remarkable place in American dance history. She not only enlisted Boston and New York society leaders–and those in Winchester as well–as patrons for her dances but also got the younger generations onto the stage, popularizing aesthetic dance as perhaps none of her predecessors had. Kellogg was not the first exponent of modern dance. Before her were Isadora Duncan, Loie Fuller, Ruth St. Denis, and Genevieve Stebbins (with whom she was reportedly most often compared) who espoused fluid, free-form, natural movements and the wearing of flowing Grecian and exotic dance costumes, but they were rarely seen in Boston. Staging her productions locally and working with local talent, Kellogg was unusually admired in Boston. She made headlines for her dances,2 using her art not only to charm audiences but also to support humanitarian causes. And it all began in Winchester, giving the town its own place in American dance history. THE MUSICIAN Mary Kellogg (1881-1952) about 1911 Kellogg was three years old when her family moved to Winchester, taking up residence at 86 Church St. Her banker-broker father, George G. Kellogg, was among the originators of the Winchester Golf Club and the Country Club, and it was as a golfer that Kellogg’s name first appeared in the local newspaper.3 But that soon changed. -
Historical Painting Techniques, Materials, and Studio Practice
Historical Painting Techniques, Materials, and Studio Practice PUBLICATIONS COORDINATION: Dinah Berland EDITING & PRODUCTION COORDINATION: Corinne Lightweaver EDITORIAL CONSULTATION: Jo Hill COVER DESIGN: Jackie Gallagher-Lange PRODUCTION & PRINTING: Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZERS: Erma Hermens, Art History Institute of the University of Leiden Marja Peek, Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam © 1995 by The J. Paul Getty Trust All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America ISBN 0-89236-322-3 The Getty Conservation Institute is committed to the preservation of cultural heritage worldwide. The Institute seeks to advance scientiRc knowledge and professional practice and to raise public awareness of conservation. Through research, training, documentation, exchange of information, and ReId projects, the Institute addresses issues related to the conservation of museum objects and archival collections, archaeological monuments and sites, and historic bUildings and cities. The Institute is an operating program of the J. Paul Getty Trust. COVER ILLUSTRATION Gherardo Cibo, "Colchico," folio 17r of Herbarium, ca. 1570. Courtesy of the British Library. FRONTISPIECE Detail from Jan Baptiste Collaert, Color Olivi, 1566-1628. After Johannes Stradanus. Courtesy of the Rijksmuseum-Stichting, Amsterdam. Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Historical painting techniques, materials, and studio practice : preprints of a symposium [held at] University of Leiden, the Netherlands, 26-29 June 1995/ edited by Arie Wallert, Erma Hermens, and Marja Peek. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-89236-322-3 (pbk.) 1. Painting-Techniques-Congresses. 2. Artists' materials- -Congresses. 3. Polychromy-Congresses. I. Wallert, Arie, 1950- II. Hermens, Erma, 1958- . III. Peek, Marja, 1961- ND1500.H57 1995 751' .09-dc20 95-9805 CIP Second printing 1996 iv Contents vii Foreword viii Preface 1 Leslie A. -
Appendix File 1960 Pre-Post Study (1960.T)
app1960.txt Version 01 Codebook ------------------- CODEBOOK APPENDIX FILE 1960 PRE-POST STUDY (1960.T) >> 1960 PARTY MASTER CODE THIS CODE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH REF.NOS. 20,21,22,23,24,25, 26,27,38,39,40,41,102,105,202, AND 207. PRO DEMOCRATIC PARTY LIKES PEOPLE WITHIN PARTY 1010. JOHNSON 1020. KENNEDY 1030. TRUMAN 1040. ROOSEVELT 1050. STEVENSON 1071. OTHER NATIONAL DEMOCRATS (SENATORS, CONGRESSMEN, ETC.) 1072. LOCAL DEMOCRAT(S) (CITY, STATE, ETC.) 1080. DEMOCRATS HAVE (HAVE ALWAYS HAD) GOOD LEADERS, YOUNG LEADERS, EXPERIENCED LEADERS, GOOD MEN, LIKE WHOLE TICKET 1090. OTHER <PEOPLE IN PARTY LIKED> GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT 1100. WOULD GIVE AN EFFICIENT ADMINISTRATION. BUSINESS-LIKE ADMINISTRATION, GOOD ADMINISTRATION, GOOD GOVERNMENT (DOMESTIC OR NA WHETHER DOMESTIC OR FOREIGN) (SEE ALSO 1210) 1110. WOULD GIVE US HONEST GOVERNMENT. MORE HONEST THAN REPUBLICANS. REFERENCE TO 'MESS IN WASHINGTON'. WON'T PLAY POLITICS IN RUNNING THE GOVERNMENT. PATRONAGE. 1121. DEMOCRATS WOULD SPEND LESS MONEY THAN REPUBLICANS. DEMOCRATS ECONOMY-MINDED. 1130. DEMOCRATS WOULD SPEND MORE MONEY THAN REPUBLICANS. GOVERNMENT SPENDING IS GOOD FOR NATIONAL ECONOMY (SUCH AS DURING DEPRESSION). 1140. DIGNIFIED GOVERNMENT, GO AT THINGS WITHOUT FUSS. ACT QUIETLY, CONFIDENTLY. 1150. DEMOCRATS WOULD KEEP BIG BUSINESS OUT OF THE Page 1 app1960.txt ADMINISTRATION (GOVERNMENT) 1160. THEY DO (HAVE DONE) A GOOD JOB (WITHOUT OTHER SPECIFICATION) 1190. OTHER <GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT> GOVERNMENT ACTIVITY, GOVERNMENT PHILOSOPHY 1200. LIKE THEIR IDEAS. LIKE THEIR POLICIES (UNSPECIFIED), THEIR DOMESTIC POLICIES (UNSPECI- FIED) LIKE THE WAY THEY TAKE STAND ON THINGS (UNSPECIFIED) 1210. FOR GOVERNMENT ECONOMIC CONTROLS. NEED SOME PLANNED ECONOMY. NEED SOME CONTROL OF PRIVATE ENTERPRISE 1220. FOR GOVERNMENT ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL WELFARE ACTIVITY 1230. -
Clippings Scrapbook II
Clippings Scrapbook II Items without a page number were inserted between pages. Genealogy of the Wehle Family of Prague “Brandeis—The Old Story of the Prophet” Boston American 6/4/1931 p.1‐3 Remarks by C.N. Jones October 1908 p.4‐5 “Former Louisville Man Leading Fight for the People’s Rights” Louisville Herald 6/1/1908 p.6‐7 “Stories of Success” Boston American 10/4/1908 p.8 “Louis Brandeis, Kentuckian, is Famed Fighter for People’s Rights” Louisville Herald 2/8/1910 p.9‐11 “Brandeis Sherlock Holmes’ Rival; Deductive Powers Amaze Enemies” Boston Traveler 6/10/1910 p.12‐13 “Personalities” Hampton Magazine June 1910 p.14‐19 “Brandeis, Teacher of Business Economy” New York Times 12/4/1910 p.20 12/5/1910 letter to New York Times from William F. Peters p.21 “An Attorney for the People” Outlook 12/24/1910 p.22‐24 “A Great American” Philadelphia North American 2/11/1911 p. 25 “Brandeis Refused Pay for Subway Lease Work” Boston Journal 2/25/1911 p.26 “’Citizen’ Brandeis” Boston Post 2/25/1911 p.27 “Louis Brandeis” The Electrical Worker February 1911 p.28 ? The World Today February 1911 p.29‐31 “Players in the Great Game” System February 1911 P.32‐37 “Who is This Man Brandeis?” Human Life February 1911 7/28/1880 letter from (Annie Fields ?) 8(?)/2/1880 letter from Charles Smith Bradley 1/26/1882 letter from J.O. Shaw Jr. (Union Boat Club) p.38‐50 “Brandeis” American Magazine February 1911 12/14/1883 letter from illegible 5/8/1884 letter from George H. -
2009 Annual Awards Publication
ANNUAL AWARDS PUBLICATION ANNUAL AWARDS 2009 ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦✦ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ ✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻✻ -
Boston Herald Photographs, 1924-1997
Boston Herald Photographs, 1924-1997 This finding aid was produced using ArchivesSpace on September 01, 2015. English Describing Archives: A Content Standard Cambridge Public Library Archives and Special Collections Cambridge Public Library 449 Broadway Cambridge, MA 02138 617-349-7757 [email protected] Boston Herald Photographs, 1924-1997 Table of Contents Summary Information .................................................................................................................................... 3 History ............................................................................................................................................................ 3 Collection Overview ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Organization of Collection ............................................................................................................................. 4 Administrative Information ............................................................................................................................ 5 Related Materials ........................................................................................................................................... 6 Controlled Access Headings .......................................................................................................................... 6 Collection Inventory ...................................................................................................................................... -
The Development of Financial Management Literature (1895-1960)
This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 66—1768 DANELLIS, Constantine, 1936- THE DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL MANAGE MENT LITERATURE (1895-1960). The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1965 University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan Copyright by Constantine Danellis 1966 THE DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT LITERATURE (1895-1960) DISSERTATION Presented In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Constantine Danellis, B.Sc., M.B.A. ****** The Ohio State University 1965 Approved by Adviser Department of Business Organization PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to express my deep appreciation and gratitude to Professors E. F. Donaldson and John K. Pfahl of The Ohio State University. Their brilliant teaching and guidance initially attracted me to .the fascinating field of business finance and made the writing of this dissertation possible. My heartfelt thanks are offered to Professor Frances W. Quantius of The Ohio State University and Professor William H. Pietsch of Sacramento State College for their liberal assistance and encouragement. One of the early writers in the field, E. E. Lincoln, once wrote: There are few really new things under the sun, though there may be new ways of interpreting apparently familiar facts. The most important discoveries are usually made in the best known fields and are merely the result of a patient and constructive examination of the data which have long been accessible to all, but the significance of which has not been fully appreciated. Though I make no claim of any "important discoveries" in this study, nevertheless, I believe that this dissertation contains material that may be useful to the student of the subject. -
MISSISSIPPI Herald-News (Fall River): A
Times-Picayune-States (New Orleans): MICHIGAN Marcia Mateu Bay City Times: Margaret Carroll Variety (New Orleans): Ted Liuzza Daily Tribune: Lynn Miller Detroit Free Press: Stephanie Putt MAINE Detroit News: Herschel Hart Detroit Nitelife: J. R. Biggs Le Messager (Lewiston): Miss Landry, Detroit Times: Jack Koehler, Jack Lewin Val Couture Evening News (Sault Ste. Marie): John 'Lewiston Sun-Journal: Miss Sprague Zabelka Grand Rapids Herald: Jeanne Fraze MARYLAND Grand Rapids Press: Evelyn Husen Ironwood Times: H. O. Sonneyson Baltimore Evening Sun: Geraldine Meit- Michigan State News (East Lansing): ner Sheldon Moyer Baltimore Morning Sun: Edward T. Mit- Muskegon Chronicle: Paul Elliott chell Pontiac Daily Press: Maxine Mason Baltimore News-Post, Sunday American: Royal Oak Daily Tribune: L. Miller J. Hammond Brown Saginaw News: Frank Schmidt Baltimore Sunday Sun: Flora Murray, State Journal (Lansing): Joe Parks Alexander Rose Traverse City Record Eagle: Jay Smith Baltimore-Where To Go: Frances McCut- cheon MINNESOTA Hagerstown Independent: Mr. Douglas Duluth Herald & News Tribune: Nathan Salisbury Advertiser: S. King White Cohen, Ray Sicard Oscar L. Morris Salisbury Times: Hibbing Tribune: George M. Fisher Silver Spring Post: Charles Kopeland Mankato Free Press: Andy Bowe Minneapolis Star Journal Tribune: Flor- MASSACHUSETTS ence Murphy, Sam Kaufman, C. Adams Attleboro Sun: C. B. Hovey, Mary E. Minneapolis Times: Norma Atwood, Carl Cain Carlson Barnstable Patriot (Hyannis): P. F. Northfield Independent: A. A. Rowberg Williams Northfield News: Nellie Phillips Berkshire Evening Eagle (Pittsfield): Radio Shopper (Moorhead): Mr. Eastman K. R. Fall Range Facts (Virginia): Jack Bone Boston American: Joseph Anderson Rochester Post Bulletin: G. S. Witterstine Boston Globe: Elizabeth L. -
A Souvenir of Massachusetts Legislators
V , ;-. :.--.' CW^'^SWiNN lisfiliit ' WltitliS X£ wy j& f£ '= A SOUVENIR OF Massachusetts Legislators 1909 VOLU M E X V I I I (issued Annually) A. M. BRIDGMAN STOUGHTON, MASS. Al VAll few J9L*n ON A. M. BRIDGMAN, 1909. Half-tones of Portraits and Interiors from Elmer dickering, "The Royal Photographer," 21 West Street. Boston, Mass. Half-tones of Groups from W. J. Dobinson Engraving Co., No. 297 Wash- ington Street, Boston, Mass. Composition and Presswork by the Jamaica Printing Company, Jamaica Plain, Mass. i ss-. PREFACE /909 The Legislature of 1909 will easily rank as a "double-header." It is entitled to this distinction by reascn cf the prominence cf the hills to revise the charter cf the city of Boston and to incorporate the Railroad Ih lding Company to take over the st< ck of the Boston & Maine Railroad Company, and of other companies, if deemed advisable. The former of these measures was made, practically, a political measure, while the latter was marked by an entire absence of party lines in its advocacy and oppo- sition. The results to follow from either will lie the only means cf deter- mining the relative or absolute value to the state of either or of both. The labor, liquor, and milk measures, this year, were not of marked im- portance in their final outcome. There seemed, in the end. a feeling that the existing legislation should not he materially altered. The automobile legislation was materially changed and in the direction of more safety for the general public as against speed maniacs and other offenders against travelers. -
“The Fallacy of Estimates”: Bulfinch, Boston, and Debtors' Prison
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Trinity College Trinity College Trinity College Digital Repository Senior Theses and Projects Student Works Spring 2018 “The alF lacy of Estimates”: Bulfinch, Boston, and Debtors’ Prison Chris Bulfinch Trinity College, Hartford Connecticut, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses Recommended Citation Bulfinch, hrC is, "“The alF lacy of Estimates”: Bulfinch, Boston, and Debtors’ Prison". Senior Theses, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 2018. Trinity College Digital Repository, https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses/688 “The Fallacy of Estimates”: Bulfinch, Boston, and Debtors’ Prison Chris Bulfinch History Senior Thesis Advisor: Scott Gac Spring, 2018 1 Table of Contents Introduction: 3 Chapter I: 12 Chapter II: 32 Chapter III: 60 Chapter IV: 82 Conclusion: 104 Appendix: 109 Acknowledgements: 118 Bibliography: 119 2 Introduction Boston’s Board of Selectmen was missing its Chairman when it met in August of 1811. Charles Bulfinch, who had been narrowly elected to the Board previous year, had been incarcerated in Boston’s town jail as the result of a lawsuit brought by a shopkeeper over a debt of a little of $400. He had borrowed money and leveraged his assets far beyond his means, and while none of his most largest creditors had brought lawsuits, his precarious financial situation made ultimate failure almost an inevitability. Bulfinch was invested in a number of real estate development schemes that were transforming the topography of Boston in the wake of the Revolutionary War. Debtors’ prisons and almshouses in cities and towns across the country were filling up as riskier and risker financial schemes built on land investments were tying Americans into ever-widening circles of debt.