Dicionário Galego Do Futebol (Galego-Português, Espanhol, Inglês, Alemám) Dicionário Galego Do Futebol (Galego-Português, Espanhol, Inglês, Alemám)

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Dicionário Galego Do Futebol (Galego-Português, Espanhol, Inglês, Alemám) Dicionário Galego Do Futebol (Galego-Português, Espanhol, Inglês, Alemám) Dicionário Galego do Futebol (Galego-Português, Espanhol, Inglês, Alemám) Dicionário Galego do Futebol (Galego-Português, Espanhol, Inglês, Alemám) Comissom Lingüística da AGAL 2015 A Comissom Lingüística da AGAL: Prof. Dr. Carlos Garrido Rodrigues (Presidente) Prof. Dr. Jorge Rodrigues Gomes (Secretário) Prof. Dr. Isaac Alonso Estraviz Profa. Beatriz Bieites Peres Prof. Maurício Castro Lopes Prof. Dr. José-Martinho Monteiro Santalha Prof. Bernardo Penabade Rei Prof. Dr. José Luís Rodrigues Prof. Eduardo Sanches Maragoto Prof. Dr. José António Souto Cabo Prof. Paulo Valério Árias Prof. Fernando Vasques Corredoira © Comissom Lingüística da Associaçom Galega da Língua, 2015 1.ª ediçom: setembro de 2015 Parte dos dados terminológicos que integram o presente Dicionário Galego do Futebol fôrom extraídos do Diccionari de futbol elaborado e publicado polo TERMCAT, por gentil permissom do organismo catalám de terminologia. ÍNDICE Abreviaturas, siglas e símbolos utilizados no Dicionário.....................................pág. 5 Apresentaçom...........................................................................................................pág. 6 Conteúdo e metodologia do Dicionário..................................................................pág. 8 Normas de uso do Dicionário................................................................................pág. 10 Secçom principal do Dicionário............................................................................pág. 12 Índice remissivo espanhol......................................................................................pág. 63 Índice remissivo inglês...........................................................................................pág. 71 Índice remissivo alemám.......................................................................................pág. 79 Abreviaturas, siglas e símbolos utilizados no dicionário de: alemám en: inglês es: espanhol (castelhano) gp: galego-português Br: (galego-português do) Brasil E: (espanhol de) Espanha GB: (inglês da) Gram-Bretanha Gz: (galego-português da) Galiza HAm: (espanhol da) Hispano-América NAm: (inglês da) América do Norte Pt: (galego-português de) Portugal gl-pt.: soluçom galego-portuguesa utilizada em espanhol, inglês ou alemám ingl.: soluçom inglesa utilizada em galego-português ou em espanhol adj: adjetivo adv: advérbio f: substantivo feminino fpl: substantivo feminino plural loc: locuçom m: substantivo masculino m/f: substantivo masculino ou feminino mpl: substantivo masculino plural n: substantivo neutro pl: substantivo plural (da língua inglesa ou alemá) sb: substantivo (da língua inglesa) vb: verbo fig.: sentido figurado pop.: registo popular ou coloquial s.l.: sensu lato, em sentido amplo s.s.: sensu stricto, em sentido restrito fut:equip.: equipamento dos praticantes de futebol fut:inst.: instalaçons destinadas à prática de futebol fut:jogo: regras, técnicas e incidências do jogo de futebol fut:org.: organizaçom das competiçons de futebol fut:pessoal: pessoas participantes no jogo do futebol ~: substitui um componente terminológico que fica inalterado numha variante 5 Apresentaçom A Comissom Lingüística da Associaçom Galega da Língua congratula-se de poder oferecer aqui ao público galego o Dicionário Galego do Futebol, o qual, com cerca de 500 conceitos e cerca de 1000 termos galego-portugueses (acompanhados dos correspondentes equivalentes em castelhano, inglês e alemám), compreende os elementos vocabulares essenciais da linguagem deste desporto, o mais praticado e seguido em todo o mundo e aquele que também na Galiza desfruta de umha maior projeçom social. Assim, hoje a linguagem do futebol nom só é utilizada polos muitos homes e mulheres que de modos diversos se dedicam diretamente a este desporto (enquanto jogadores amadores ou profissionais, técnicos, árbitros, diretivos de clubes e federaçons ou jornalistas desportivos), como também por um elevado número de adeptos e aficionados e, em geral, nem que seja de modo passivo, polo conjunto dos cidadaos, umha vez que o futebol se tem tornado entre nós num importante agente configurador da cultura popular hodierna. No entanto, na Galiza, a linguagem do futebol veiculada na nossa língua autóctone acusa hoje, infelizmente, na esmagadora maioria dos casos, a presença de um sem-número de ilegítimos castelhanismos, que tornam este galego um código descaraterizado, incoerente, disfuncional e antieconómico. Tal degradaçom expressiva deve-se, sobretodo, em primeiro lugar, à incapacidade do galego contemporáneo para criar de modo autónomo, no quadro da sua subordinaçom sociocultural a respeito do castelhano e do seu correlativo isolamento a respeito das variedades lusitana e brasileira da língua, novos elementos lexicais denotadores de realidades modernas (nom esqueçamos que o futebol só surge, tal como hoje o conhecemos, no fim do século XIX!) e, em segundo lugar, à inibiçom dos codificadores e lingüistas oficialistas (RAG-ILG, RG e TVG), que nom sabem ou nom querem expurgar os castelhanismos deturpadores, apresentando-nos um galego do futebol (e, em geral, dos desportos) servilmente decalcado do castelhano (ex.: cast. balón > gal. *balón, cast. fútbol > gal. *fútbol, cast. portería > gal. *portería, cast. rechace > gal. *rexeitamento, cast. saque > gal. *saque), com ocasionais neologismos, às vezes pitorescos (ex.: *adestrador(a), *saque de recuncho). Frente a essa atitude de resignaçom e de gratuíta subordinaçom, profundamente nociva para os interesses dos utentes de galego, a Comissom Lingüística da Associaçom Galega da Língua, na melhor tradiçom do reintegracionismo lingüístico e na seqüência da recente publicaçom do seu O Modelo Lexical Galego (2012), propom aqui configurar a linguagem galega do futebol (como, em geral, a de todas as áreas de especialidade), de forma natural e económica, através de umha constante coordenaçom lexical do galego com as variedades socialmente estabilizadas da nossa língua (lusitano e brasileiro). Só deste modo, com esta perspetiva ecuménica da nossa língua, verdadeiramente natural e emancipadora, é que poderemos disponibilizar em galego umha linguagem do futebol plenamente genuína e coerente, nom subordinada ao castelhano, e que, além disso, nos facilite umha saudável sintonia comunicativa com outros países de fala galego-portuguesa, nos quais, por sinal, o futebol tem atingido, dos pontos de vista desportivo e social, um prestigioso desenvolvimento (cf. jogo bonito). Encerramos, pois, esta apresentaçom do Dicionário Galego do Futebol com o desejo 6 de que o seu lançamento constitua um estímulo para os galegos utilizarem cada vez mais e melhor a língua autóctone da Galiza também no ámbito do futebol, e de que esta obra represente apenas um primeiro contributo da Comissom Lingüística da AGAL no campo da terminologia dos desportos e de outras áreas de atividade1. Santiago de Compostela, setembro de 2015 1A Comissom Lingüística da AGAL agradece cordialmente a indicaçom por parte dos consulentes de eventuais lacunas e lapsos presentes neste dicionário. Para tal, escreva, por favor, para o endereço de correio eletrónico ‹[email protected]›. 7 Conteúdo e metodologia do Dicionário O Dicionário Galego do Futebol oferece informaçom terminológica (nas línguas galego-portuguesa, espanhola, inglesa e alemá: c. 3000 termos) e conceptual (em galego- português: c. 500 definiçons) sobre noçons de futebol que dim respeito aos participantes no jogo, ao campo, à técnica e às regras do jogo, ao equipamento de jogadores e árbitros, às instalaçons desportivas e à organizaçom de competiçons, o que, sem esgotar o caudal vocabular efetivamente disponível nesta área (sobretodo polo que se refere às expressons de gíria), si constitui umha amostra abrangente e representativa dos recursos lexicais que integram a rica linguagem deste desporto. A presente obra baseia-se na exploraçom terminológica e conceptual de umha série de documentos impressos ou disponibilizados na internet (compêndios das leis do jogo, artigos jornalísticos, artigos enciclopédicos, livros de divulgaçom, dicionários e outros repositórios lexicográficos...) compostos em galego-português (tanto do Brasil como de Portugal), espanhol, inglês e alemám. Para a configuraçom dos elementos lexicais galegos, seguimos a estratégia de codificaçom e regeneraçom lexicais proposta em O Modelo Lexical Galego, da Comissom Lingüística da AGAL (2012), o que, no nosso caso, se traduz na aplicaçom das seguintes medidas fundamentais de coordenaçom lexical galego-portuguesa: 1.º- Medida contra o processo degradativo da VARIAÇOM GEOGRÁFICA SEM PADRONIZAÇOM: Selecionamos como supradialetal na Galiza, dentre umha série de variantes geográficas existentes no galego espontáneo contemporáneo, aquela variante que já se emprega como supradialetal no ámbito luso-brasileiro, ou a mais próxima da voz supradialetal luso- brasileira. No nosso dicionário, este é o caso, por exemplo, de canto ‘ángulo’ (e pontapé de canto, etc.), variante galega comum aos padrons lusitano e brasileiro, que deve ser preferida a outras variantes geográficas galegas (como corruncho ou recanto ou recuncho) e de joelheira (< joelho), variante galega comum aos padrons lusitano e brasileiro, que deve ser preferida a outras variantes geográficas galegas (como geonlheira [< geonlho] ou jolheira [< jolho]). 2.º- Medida contra o processo degradativo da SUBSTITUIÇOM CASTELHANIZANTE: Restauramos plenamente, e de harmonia com o atual luso-brasileiro, os significantes e significados genuinamente galegos de surgimento anterior ao século XVI e atualmente
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