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Country Needs Assessment Report UN-REDD Programme and FCPF, 12 COUNTRY NEEDS ASSESSMENT: A REPORT ON REDD+ READINESS AMONG UN-REDD PROGRAMME AND FOREST CARBON PARTNERSHIP FACILITY MEMBER COUNTRIES Prepared by consultants Harrison Kojwang and Gisela Ulloa as input for the joint UN-REDD Programme and Forest Carbon Partnership Facility country needs assessment. 25 August 2012. UN -REDD Programme and Forest Carbon Partnership Facility. October 2012 Country Needs Assessment: a report on REDD+ Readiness among UN-REDD Programme and FCPF Member Countries Acknowledgements The authors of this report wish to acknowledge all the countries that participated in this needs assessment. The patience and willingness to navigate through the lengthy and somewhat complex response matrix and to provide detailed responses is deeply appreciated. During country visits to conduct in-depth assessments, Country Focal Points and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Offices made all the local logistical arrangements and scheduled a number of interviews and general meetings with stakeholders. The consultants are grateful for their sense of duty and courtesy, without which those visits would not have been productive. At the beginning of this needs assessment exercise, the consultants were required to develop a methodology to be approved by the Policy Board and the Participants Committee of the United Nations Collaborative Programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries (UN-REDD Programme) and the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility, (FCPF) respectively. The work was overseen by a working group of the UN-REDD Programme Policy Board, which gave valuable comments on the methodology for the assessment exercise, for which the consultants are immensely grateful. The assessment exercise was supported during its entire course by the Secretariats of the UN-REDD Programme and FCPF, represented by Thais-Linhares Juvenal and Neeta Hooda respectively. Their support and critical but constructive comments helped in no small measure to shape this report. The consultants would like to express their sincere gratitude to the UN-REDD Programme and FCPF for offering them the opportunity to conduct the exercise. Page | 2 Country Needs Assessment: a report on REDD+ Readiness among UN-REDD Programme and FCPF Member Countries List of abbreviations and acronyms ADB Asian Development Bank AusAID Australian Agency for International Development ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations CAR Central African Republic CARE CARE International CCI Clinton Climate Initiative CDM Clean Development Mechanism CI Conservation International CIFOR Center for International Forestry Rese arch COP Conference of the Parties CS Civil Society COICA Coordinator of Indigenous Organizations of the Amazon Basin CONAFOR National Forestry Commission, Mexico DANIDA Danish International Development Agency DRC Democratic Republic of the Congo FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FCPF Forest Carbon Partnership Facility FECOFUN Federation of Community Forestry Users, Nepal FFI Fauna and Flora International FIP Forest Investment Programme FPIC Free, prior and informed consent FRA Forest Resources Assessment GCF Green Climate Fund GDP Gross domestic product GEF Global Environmental Facility GHG Greenhouse gas GI Government institutions GIZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GNI Gross national income GTCR REDD Working Group on Climate ICRAF World Agroforestry Centre IPs Indigenous peoples IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ITTO International Tropical Timber Organization IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency LAC Latin America and the Caribbean Lao PDR Lao People’s Democratic Republic LPG Liquefied petroleum gas LULUCF Land use, land -use change and forestry MDGs Millennium Development Goals MDTF Multi -donor Trust Fund MRV Measurement , reporting and verification NAFORMA National Forestry Resources Monitoring and Assessment NCF Nordic Climate Facility Page | 3 Country Needs Assessment: a report on REDD+ Readiness among UN-REDD Programme and FCPF Member Countries NFI National Forest Inventory NGO Nongovernmental organization NICFI Norwegian International Climate and Forest Initiative NORAD Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation NP National Programme NPD National Programme document PES Payments for environmental services PNG Papua New Guinea PSA Payment for environmental services programme RECOFTC The Center for People and Forests R-PIN Readiness Plan Idea Note R-PP Readiness Preparation Proposal REDD Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation REDDES Reducing Deforestation and Forest Degradation and Enhancing Environmental Services SCF Strategic Climate Fund SESA Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment SNV Netherlands Development Organization TAP Technical Advisory Panel TNC The Nature Conservancy UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UN -REDD Programme United Nations Collaborative Programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries US$ United States dollars USAID United States Agency for International Development WB World Bank WCS Wildlife Conservation Society WWF World Wildlife Fund Glossary Agreement Generic term for an international legally binding instrument. In this sense, it encompasses several types of instrument, such as treaties, conventions, protocols or oral agreements. Capacity -building Process of developing the technical skills, institutional capability, and personnel to, inter alia, implement multilateral environmental agreements. Carbon market A popular term for a trading system through which countries may buy or sell units of greenhouse gas emissions in an effort to meet their national limits on emissions, either under the Kyoto Protocol or under Page | 4 Country Needs Assessment: a report on REDD+ Readiness among UN-REDD Programme and FCPF Member Countries other agreements, such as that among memb er states of the European Union. Carbon The process of removing additional carbon from the atmosphere and sequestration depositing it in other “reservoirs”, principally through changes in land use. In practical terms, carbon sequestration occurs mostly through the expansion of forests. Clean The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of the three market - Development based mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Mechanism Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), whereby developed countries may finance greenhouse gas emission-avoiding projects in developing countries, and receive credits for doing so which they may apply towards meeting mandatory limits on their own emissions (UNFCCC). Climate change Change of climate, which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods (UNFCCC). Deforestation The direct human -induced conversion of forested land to non -forested land (UNFCCC). Ecosystem Processes and functions provided by natural ecosystems that sustain life services and are critical to human welfare. Environmental The process by which the environmental consequences of a proposed Impact project or programme are evaluated and alternatives are analyzed. It is Assessment an integral part of the planning and decision-making processes. Implementation For a Party to an international agreement, process of adopting relevant policies, laws and regulations, and undertaking necessary actions to meet its obligations under the agreement. LULUCF Land use, land -use change and forestry. Within the context of the UNFCCC, it refers to the impact of land use by humans and changes in such land use on greenhouse gas emissions. Mitigation In the context of the UNFCCC and its Kyoto Protocol, actions to cut net emissions of greenhouse gases and reduce climate change as a consequence (UNFCCC). Multilateral Fund Shorthand for the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol. It assists developing countries in implementing the Montreal Protocol. Page | 5 Country Needs Assessment: a report on REDD+ Readiness among UN-REDD Programme and FCPF Member Countries Observer A non -state or State actor invited to participate in a limited capacity in discussions during negotiations. Observers are not allowed to negotiate text and have no voting powers. In practice, some observer States do negotiate, although they do not participate in final decision-making. Participating UN The three agencies of the UN -REDD Progra mme: FAO; UNDP; UNEP. Organizations Reforestation The direct human -induced conversion of nonforested land to forested land through planting, seeding and/or the human-induced promotion of natural seed sources on land that was forested but that has been converted to non-forest land (UNFCCC). It should be distinguished from the notion of afforestation. REDD+ Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks Stakeholder An individual or institution (public and private) interested and involved in a process or related activities. Page | 6 Country Needs Assessment: a report on REDD+ Readiness among UN-REDD Programme and FCPF Member Countries Table of Contents List of abbreviations and acronyms....................................................................................................
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