Lillooet Between Sechelt and Shuswap Jan P. Van Eijk First
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2019 Community Profile
DISTRICT OF SECHELT 2018 COMMUNITY PROFILE sechelt.ca/business Where we are Sechelt is located on the southern portion of the Sunshine Coast on British Columbia’s southwest coast, on the ithsmus between the Salish Sea and Sechelt Inlet. Location: 49°28′27″N 123°45′15″W Area: 39.02 square kilometres L an gd a By road: 66 km northwest of Vancouver via le H o rseshoe Highway 101 and BC Ferries (Horseshoe Bay/ B a y Langdale) By air: 20 minutes to downtown Vancouver via floatplane or helicopter (regular service) 20 minutes to downtown Vancouver cover photo Becky Wayte Page 2 DISTRICT OF SECHELT | 2018 COMMUNITY PROFILE Demographics Population and age 12% 34% 10,216 2016 population 54% L an 10% 50.9 gd 14 years and under a le H o from 2011 average age rseshoe B a y 15 to 64 years 65 years and older Regional comparison Area 2016 Population 2011 Population Change (#) Change (%) Median Age Sunshine Coast 29,970 28,619 1,351 4.7 54.9 Gibsons 4,605 4,437 168 3.8 54.8 Sechelt 10,216 9,291 925 10.0 56.6 Sunshine Coast A -54 -2.0 60.5 (Egmont & Pender Harbour) 2,624 2,678 Sunshine Coast B 51 1.9 55.0 (Halfmoon Bay) 2,726 2,675 Sunshine Coast D 177 5,5 50.7 (Roberts Creek) 3,421 3,244 Sunshine Coast E 182 5.2 50.6 (Elphinstone) 3,664 3,482 Sunshine Coast F 28 1.4 54.5 (West Howe Sound) 2,043 2,015 source: Statistics Canada, Census Profile, 2016 Census, Sechelt [Population centre] DISTRICT OF SECHELT | 2018 COMMUNITY PROFILE Page 3 Households Housing type 4,855 occupied dwellings 975 attached 170 moveable Household size 1 person 1,490 2 persons 1,730 -
Subordinate Clauses in Squamish 1 Subordinate Clauses in S W Wu7mesh
Subordinate Clauses in Squamish 1 Subordinate Clauses in Sk w xx wu7mesh: Their Form and Function Peter Jacobs University of Victoria ABSTRACT: This paper examines three subordinate clause types in Sk w xx wu7mesh: nominalized clauses, conjunctive clauses and /u/ clauses. These three clause types overlap in their syntactic functions. The first two clause types function as complement clauses. All three clause types function as adverbial clauses. I propose that the distribution of these clause types is due to the degree of certainty of the truth of the subordinate clause proposition, whether from the speaker’s perspective or that of the main clause subject. KEYWORDS: Skwxwu7mesh, Salish, subjunctives, conditionals, subordination 1. Introduction Sk w xx wu7mesh (a.k.a. Squamish) is a Coast Salish language traditionally spoken in an area that extends from Burrard Inlet in Vancouver, along both sides of Howe Sound, and through the Squamish River Valley and the Cheakamus River Valley in southwestern British Columbia.1 This paper is an examination of three subordinate clauses types in Sk w xx wu7mesh: conjunctive clauses, nominalized clauses and /u/ clauses.2 Conjunctive clauses and nominalized clauses function as sentential complements and as adverbial clauses. /u/ clauses only function as adverbial clauses. This paper examines the semantic and functional-pragmatic factors that control the use of these clause types. I do not provide an exhaustive examination of subordination in Sk w xx wu7mesh. That is, I do not consider relative clauses nor clause chaining (a special type of nominalized clause). While such an examination is necessary to understand the full range of subordination strategies in Sk w xx wu7mesh, it is beyond the scope of this paper. -
An Early St'at'imcets-Chinook Jargon Bilingual' Text 1 Introduction 1 2 About the Newspaper
"Fox and Cayooty": an early St'at'imcets-Chinook Jargon bilingual' text Henry Davis and David Robertson University of British Columbia and CHINOOK List This paper contains a transliteration (from the original Duployan shorthand) and . translation of an early bilingual St'at'imcets-Chinook Jargon text, with accompanying historical, orthographical and grammatical notes. The story was first published in 1892 in the Kamloops Wawa newspaper by the oblate priest J-M.R. Le Jeune; it thus counts as one of the earliest texts in either language. 1 Introduction 1 It is well known to the student of Salishan languages and cultures that before the time of Franz Boas, extremely few coherent texts, as opposed to relatively numerous fragmentary word-lists, of northwest Native American languages were collected and published. The nascent modern disciplines of anthropology and linguistics demanded such documentation. However, another force besides science played a considerable role in the earliest recordings of indigenous languages of this region: The activities of Christian missionaries, which led to work allowing in some cases (viz. Joseph Giorda, S1's 1871 dictionary of Kalispel) an excellent view of historical stages in the lives of these languages otherwise lost to us.2 An example of the same phenomenon is available to us also in the Kamloops Wawa newspaper published by Oblate father J.-M.R. Le Jeune from 1891 to about 19043, primarily in the Chinook Jargon, of which it is an extensive and often overlooked document. In volume 2, Issue 47 of Kamloops Wawa, dated October 16 [sic], 18924, we find under the English heading "Recreative" the following: Kopa Pavilion ilihi nsaika tlap ukuk hloima syisim kopa Lilwat wawa[:] Fox and Cayooty.~. -
1996 Matthewson Reinholtz.Pdf
211 TIlE SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS OF DETERMINERS:' (2) OP A COMPARISON OF SALISH AND CREEl /~ Specifier 0' Lisa Matthewson, UBC and SCES/SFU Charlotte Reinholtz, University of Manitoha o/"" NP I ~ the coyote 1. Introduction According to the OP-analysis, the determiner is the head of the phrase and takes NP as its The goal of this paper is to provide a comparative analysis of determiners in Salish languages complement. 0 is a functional head, which selects a lexical projection (NP) as its complement. and in Cree. We will show that there are considerable surface differences between Salish and The lexical/functional split is summarized in (3): Cree, both in the syntax and the semantics of the determiners. However, we argue that these differences can and should be treated as part of a restricted range of cross-linguistic variation (3) If X" E {V, N, P, A}, then X" is a Lexical head (open-class element). within a universally-provided OP (Determiner Phrase)-system. If X" E {Tense, Oet, Comp, Case}, then X" is a Functional head (closed-class element). The paper is structured as follows. We first provide an introduction to relevant theoretical ~haine 1993:2) proposals about the syntax and semantics of determiners. Section 2 presents an analysis of Salish determiners, and section 3 presents an analysis of Cree determiners. The two systems are briefly A major motivation for the OP-analysis of noun phrases comes from the many parallels between compared and contrasted in section 4. clauses and noun phrases. For example, Abney (1987) notes that many languages contain agreement within noun phrases which parallels agreement at the clausal level. -
Fpcc-Newsletter-Spring-Summer-2014
first peoples’ news spring /summer 2014 first peoples’ cultural council IN THIS ISSUE New Museum Exhibition 2 New Arts Funding from FPCC Available for First Nations Youth SHOWCASING B.C.’S LIVING in B.C. FIRST NATIONS LANGUAGES 3 New Resources Available for First Nations Languages in B.C. Most people are unaware of the variety approaches with contemporary storytell- and richness of languages in this prov- ing. It will make use of audio and visual 4 FirstVoices Resources: Flash Card ince. With 34 Indigenous languages and media, artwork and narrative text in Eng- and Label Maker 61 dialects, B.C. is the most linguistically lish as well as First Nations languages. diverse region in Canada. Most importantly, it will demonstrate 4 Geek Alert! PC Keyboard In an inspiring new partnership, the the diversity and resilience of languages Software Update First Peoples’ Cultural Council (FPCC) in B.C. by showcasing languages by has been working with the Royal BC region as well as individual efforts to 5 Seabird Island Language Nests is Museum to create the innovative rejuvenate languages through hard work Engaging Young Language Learners Our Living Languages exhibition, which and perseverance. will provide an opportunity to celebrate “This is exciting for us and a progressive 6 Mentor-Apprentice Teams Creating these First Nations languages and the move on behalf of the Royal BC Museum,” a New Generation of Speakers people who are working to preserve says FPCC Chair Lorna Williams. “The and revitalize them. museum is a wonderful venue in which to 8 In Conversation with AADA Recipient The exhibition will fuse traditional share the stories and perspectives of First Kevin Loring Continued next page… 9 Upgrades to the FirstVoices Language Tutor Now Available to Communities 10 Community Success Story: SECWEPEMCTSÍN Language Tutor Lessons 11 FirstVoices Coordinator Peter Brand Retires…Or Does He? Our Living Languages: First Peoples' Voices in B.C. -
Reduplicated Numerals in Salish. PUB DATE 1997-00-00 NOTE 11P.; for Complete Volume, See FL 025 251
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 419 409 FL 025 252 AUTHOR Anderson, Gregory D. S. TITLE Reduplicated Numerals in Salish. PUB DATE 1997-00-00 NOTE 11p.; For complete volume, see FL 025 251. PUB TYPE Journal Articles (080) Reports Research (143) JOURNAL CIT Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics; v22 n2 p1-10 1997 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *American Indian Languages; Contrastive Linguistics; Language Patterns; *Language Research; Language Variation; *Linguistic Theory; Number Systems; *Salish; *Structural Analysis (Linguistics); Uncommonly Taught Languages ABSTRACT A salient characteristic of the morpho-lexical systems of the Salish languages is the widespread use of reduplication in both derivational and inflectional functions. Salish reduplication signals such typologically common categories as "distributive/plural," "repetitive/continuative," and "diminutive," the cross-linguistically marked but typically Salish notion of "out-of-control" or more restricted categories in particular Salish languages. In addition to these functions, reduplication also plays a role in numeral systems of the Salish languages. The basic forms of several numerals appear to be reduplicated throughout the Salish family. In addition, correspondences among the various Interior Salish languages suggest the association of certain reduplicative patterns with particular "counting forms" referring to specific nominal categories. While developments in the other Salish language are frequently more idiosyncratic and complex, comparative evidence suggests that the -
Vancouver Island and Sunshine Coast Region Air Transportation Outlook I
Vancouver Island and Sunshine Coast Region Air Transportation Outlook Final Report strategic transportation & tourism solutions Prepared by InterVISTAS Consulting Inc. June 17, 2008 June 17, 2008 Confidential Vancouver Island and Sunshine Coast Region Air Transportation Outlook i Executive Summary InterVISTAS Consulting Inc. was retained by the Vancouver Island Economic Developers Association (VIEDA) to develop a Vancouver Island and Sunshine Coast Region Air Transportation Outlook. Most airports in Canada and all but one of the airports in the study area are managed by independent authorities or by municipal councils of the communities they serve. These airports are free to participate in any market sector in which they see opportunity: as defined and sanctioned by their Board’s mission, vision and strategic plan for their community’s airport. Key factors that govern and shape decisions around market participation are: ■ Market opportunities in terms of underserved regions, low levels of service and the airport’s competitive positioning in that sector based on market analysis ■ The operational capability of the airport to participate in target markets ■ A business case that supports the investment to enter target markets The InterVISTAS’ approach and methodology for this study was shaped by these considerations. The report assesses levels of service by defined regions and market sectors, identifies current levels of service, assesses airports’ capabilities in the region and recommends development subject to detailed business case analysis. Section 2 of the report presents an overview of the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the seven major Regional Districts contained in the study area. The data shows significant forecast population growth for the Central Island Regional Districts of Nanaimo, Comox/Strathacona and the Cowichan Valley as well as the Sunshine Coast Regional District (Gibsons/Sechelt). -
Creosote Evaluation: Phase II Sooke Basin Study - Baseline to 535 Days Post Construction 1995-1996
Creosote Evaluation: Phase II Sooke Basin Study - Baseline to 535 Days Post Construction 1995-1996 Prepared by: D. Goyette Commercial Chemicals Division Environment Canada Pacific and Yukon Region And K. M. Brooks Aquatic Environmental Sciences 644 Old Eaglemount Road Port Townsend, WA 98368 Prepared for: Creosote Evaluation Steering Committee Regional Program Report PR98-04 December, 1998 Readers may direct comments or questions to: Mr. D. Goyette Commercial Chemicals Division Environmental Protection Branch Environment Canada 224 West Esplanade North Vancouver, British Columbia V7M 3H7 Phone: (604) 666-2880 Fax: (604) 666-6800 e-mail: [email protected] For information on creosote risk assessment modeling and its application the reader may contact: Dr. K. Brooks Aquatic Environmental Sciences 644 Old Eaglemount Road Port Townsend, WA 98368 Phone: (360) 732-4464 FAX: (360) 732-4464 e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT A jointly sponsored study by Environment Canada, Fisheries and Oceans, the Province of British Columbia and the wood treatment industry was undertaken in Sooke Basin, Vancouver Island to evaluate the impact of creosote treated wood on the marine environment. The primary purpose of this study was to provide a scientific basis for establishing guidelines on the use and placement of creosote treated wood in sensitive marine aquatic habitats under ‘worst case’ conditions. The study focused on the chemical and biological effects from newly installed six- piling dolphins constructed with used pilings treated by conventional methods and pilings freshly treated with techniques designed to produce a cleaner and more environmentally sensitive product by placing them in a natural undisturbed location, free from outside sources of contamination. -
Bare Nouns in Innu-Aimun: What Can Semantics Tell Us About Syntax?1
Bare nouns in Innu-aimun: what can semantics tell us about syntax?1 Carrie Gillon Arizona State University The structure of bare nouns has long been controversial. Many researchers argue that bare nouns involve a covert determiner (e.g., Longobardi 1994, Progovac 1998); many others argue that bare nouns are truly bare (e.g., Chierchia 1998, Rullmann and You 2003, Bošković (2008), Bošković and Gajewski to appear). Others argue that bare nouns can vacillate between NP and DP structures (Franks and Pereltsvaig 2004, Ajíbóyè, 2006). In this paper, I use semantic diagnostics to shed light on the structure of bare nouns in Innu- aimun (Algonquian). In previous work, I argue that, crosslinguistically, determiners are associated with a particular semantics: domain restriction (Gillon 2006, 2009b). Using this as a starting point, I investigate the behaviour of bare nouns in Innu-aimun and show that they must involve two different structures: DP and NP. I also argue that the covert determiner must be associated with a non-definite semantics. 1 Introduction This paper addresses two related questions. First, this paper addresses the question of whether semantics can provide us with insight into the structure of bare nouns.2 I explore the idea that the semantics can help us uncover the structure of bare nouns. Bare nouns have no overt functional superstructure. The question is whether bare nouns in languages that lack articles have covert determiners; that is, whether they are covert DPs or simply NPs.3 I argue that there is a covert determiner in Innu-aimun, but that it is not always present, based on the semantic variability of bare nouns. -
Births by Facility 2015/16
Number of Births by Facility British Columbia Maternal Discharges from April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016 Ü Number of births: Fort Nelson* <10 10 - 49 50 - 249 250 - 499 500 - 999 Fort St. John 1,000 - 1,499 Wrinch Dawson Creek 1,500 - 2,499 Memorial* & District Mills Chetwynd * ≥ 2,500 Memorial Bulkley Valley MacKenzie & 1,500-2,499 Stuart Lake Northern Prince Rupert District * Births at home with a Haida Gwaii* University Hospital Registered Healthcare Provider of Northern BC Kitimat McBride* St. John G.R. Baker Memorial Haida Gwaii Shuswap Lake General 100 Mile District Queen Victoria Lower Mainland Inset: Cariboo Memorial Port Golden & District McNeill Lions Gate Royal Invermere St. Paul's Cormorant Inland & District Port Hardy * Island* Lillooet Ridge Meadows Powell River Vernon VGH* Campbell River Sechelt Kootenay Elk Valley Burnaby Lake Squamish Kelowna St. Joseph's General BC Women's General Surrey Penticton Memorial West Coast East Kootenay Abbotsford Royal General Regional Richmond Columbian Regional Fraser Creston Valley Tofino Canyon * Peace Langley Nicola General* Boundary* Kootenay Boundary Arch Memorial Nanaimo Lady Minto / Chilliwack Valley * Regional Gulf Islands General Cowichan Saanich District Victoria 0 62.5 125 250 375 500 Peninsula* General Kilometers * Hospital does not offer planned obstetrical services. Source: BC Perinatal Data Registry. Data generated on March 24, 2017 (from data as of March 8, 2017). Number of Births by Facility British Columbia, April 1, 2015 - March 31, 2016 Facility Community Births 100 Mile -
Curriculum and Resources for First Nations Language Programs in BC First Nations Schools
Curriculum and Resources for First Nations Language Programs in BC First Nations Schools Resource Directory Curriculum and Resources for First Nations Language Programs in BC First Nations Schools Resource Directory: Table of Contents and Section Descriptions 1. Linguistic Resources Academic linguistics articles, reference materials, and online language resources for each BC First Nations language. 2. Language-Specific Resources Practical teaching resources and curriculum identified for each BC First Nations language. 3. Adaptable Resources General curriculum and teaching resources which can be adapted for teaching BC First Nations languages: books, curriculum documents, online and multimedia resources. Includes copies of many documents in PDF format. 4. Language Revitalization Resources This section includes general resources on language revitalization, as well as resources on awakening languages, teaching methods for language revitalization, materials and activities for language teaching, assessing the state of a language, envisioning and planning a language program, teacher training, curriculum design, language acquisition, and the role of technology in language revitalization. 5. Language Teaching Journals A list of journals relevant to teachers of BC First Nations languages. 6. Further Education This section highlights opportunities for further education, training, certification, and professional development. It includes a list of conferences and workshops relevant to BC First Nations language teachers, and a spreadsheet of post‐ secondary programs relevant to Aboriginal Education and Teacher Training - in BC, across Canada, in the USA, and around the world. 7. Funding This section includes a list of funding sources for Indigenous language revitalization programs, as well as a list of scholarships and bursaries available for Aboriginal students and students in the field of Education, in BC, across Canada, and at specific institutions. -
Speech, Language and Hearing Services to First Nations, Inuit and Métis Children in Canada, with a Focus on Children 0 to 6 Years of Age
Speech, Language and Hearing Services to First Nations, Inuit and Métis Children in Canada, with a Focus on Children 0 to 6 Years of Age Speech, Language and Hearing Services to First Nations, Inuit and Métis Children in Canada, with a Focus on Children 0 to 6 Years of Age Speech, Language and Hearing Services to First Nations, Inuit and Métis Children in Canada, with a Focus on Children 0 to 6 Years of Age December 2010 © 2010, CASLPA Copyright is held by the Canadian Association of Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists. No part of this publication may be reprinted, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transcribed in any manner (electronic, mechanical, photocopy, or otherwise) without written permission from CASLPA. Contact [email protected] To cite appropriate credit must be given (CASLPA, publication name and page number[s]). Speech, Language and Hearing Services to First Nations, Inuit and Métis Children in Canada, with a Focus on Children 0 to 6 Years of Age Speech, LanguageLanguage and and Hearing Hearing Services Services to to Indigenous First Nations, People inInuit Canada, and Métis Australia, Children New in Zealand Canada, and with the a UnitedFocus on States: Children 0A toLiterature 6 Years of Review Age and Report on Key Informant Interviews October 2010 © 2010, CASLPA Copyright is held by the Canadian Association of Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists. No part of this publication may be reprinted, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transcribed in any manner (electronic, mechanical, photocopy, or otherwise) without written permission from CASLPA. Contact [email protected] To cite appropriate credit must be given (CASLPA, publication name and page number[s]).