DOCSLIB.ORG

Abuses of Acting Governor Juan De Ayala and Treasurer Joseph Pedrosa and About

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Abuses of Acting Governor Juan De Ayala and Treasurer Joseph Pedrosa and About JOHN H. HANN COLLECTION AT UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA / COPYRIGHT 2003 JOHN H. HANN ABUSES OF ACTING GOVERNOR JUAN DE AYALA AND TREASURER JOSEPH PEDROSA AND ABOUT THE FRENCH AT ST. JOSEPH BAY Antonio de Benavides to the king, St. Augustine, August 12, 1718. AGI, SD 843, SC, 14 pp. Note in the wide left margin of p. 1 . The governor of Florida gives an account to Y.M. about having given fulfillment to four dispatches and two letters from fray Alonso San Puajo and Don vicente Roja in which they explain to Y.M. that various excesses had been committed in this Presidio. And after having established that they were correct, he ordered Don Juan de Ayala and Don Joseph Pedrosa suspended from their employments. And likewise about the new settlement of Apalache. As also about the bay of St. Joseph’s being already occupied by the French. And generally about everything whatsoever that has come to his knowledge that can possibly touch upon or pertain to the Royal Service. Sire I am giving account to Y.M. about four dispatches that I received: the first, of the tenth of November of last year, in which Y.M. orders me not to permit the introduction of foreign goods into the territory of his jurisdiction. And I will see to it with respect to the aforementioned prohibition with the most special care. ...................../ p. 2............... And with respect to the excesses that Don Vicente Raja and fray Alonso San Jurgo Montenegro advised Y.M. about of having been committed in this Presidio by sergeant-major Don Juan de Ayala and by Don Joseph Pedrosa, treasurer, about trading activity and illicit introductions and other abuses in great disservice to Y. M. and harmful for the Indians, officers, and soldiers. And after having established that they were correct, I ordered their suspension from their employments on an interim basis for Don Juan de Ayala and Don Joseph Pedrosa until Y.M. may order that which suits his Royal pleasure, adding to this that the sergeant-major is eighty-five years old and that Don Joseph Pedrosa has been away from this Presidio in Havana for six months, attending to his own conveniences, without leaving a lieutenant to attend to the things that come up in this countinqhouse that pertain to the Royal Service. I have given the command of sergeant-major to Don Francisco Rome s.r, Captain Comandante of this garrison, and the employment as treasurer to the retired captain, Don Joseph Urisa, a very close relative of the Accountant, Don Francisco Menendez. And while keeping the great improprieties in mind that could arise because of this relationship, nevertheless it has been necessary for me to name him because of their being no other person who could serve in this countinghouse..... Sire, from the two attached letters from the cavalry captain, Don Joseph Primo de Rivera, dated the twenty- eighth of April and third of August of this year, sent to the sergeant-major Don Juan de Ayala, Y.M. will see the state of the new settlement of the place of San Marcos in the province of Apalache, which I will go to reconnoiter as soon as I have taken some measures in this Castillo that are very necessary. And until I have seen all of it and experienced what these natives are like, I shall not truly be able to inform Y.M. about anything more that what these two letters speak to. For to increase the expenditures of the Royal treasury without utility nor hope of reducing these barbarians to the Catholic Religion would be levity on my part after the fashion of the reports that those who make up this Junta are making to Y.M. Keeping in mind, Sire, the order that I brought from Y.M., Don Pedro Fullana for constructing a fort of full opposition for the greater protection and security of these provinces, it has appeared very appropriate to me that Don Bruno Cauallero, Head Engineer for the Presidio of Havana, should come over to reconnoiter that province, with its being certain that, under the shadow of a fortification the Indians will fight (contendran) and the settlements that are made there will be secured. And that these should consist for now of families from Galicia or from the Canary Islands because of the application to labor that they have / p. 4 with its being possible to benefit from the fertility of that country by the third year. And I do not doubt that with their good correspondence with the Spanish families the friendly intercourse with the Indians will be so much greater. Keeping in mind, Sire, that a great deal of money is necessary for all of this with little or no benefit for the Royal treasury for some years. May Y.M. order that which meets with his Royal pleasure and service. For I have always desired to have occasions in which to sacrifice my life, as I have done in as many as have come up during the last twenty-five years. I will speak also, Sire, about the letter of Don Joseph Primo de Rivera about the French having occupied the Bay of St. Joseph thirty-five leagues distant from St. Marks. And this report is confirmed by fifteen deserters from the garrison of a wooden redoubt with five cannons which they have built and a warehouse with munitions and provisions and fifty men. And after having examined these fifteen well, who have been in this presidio for forty- 2 four days, they said that the motive for their desertion and that the thirty-five soldiers who remained and the officers feared that the Spaniards would dislodge them from there. That they were awaiting another fifty soldiers as reinforcements. And I do not doubt that they will increase greatly in strength if they are not cast out soon. For their forces will be greater with time. I have given the viceroy of New Spain account about all of this, so that with the knowledge of it, he may take the necessary measures In the other letter with the plan of the fortification, he says, Sire, that he has already finished it. And on asking the officers of this garrison if the land where he has built the redoubt was good, those who had knowledge of it said about it that it was very sick (emfermo) because of the most of its being / p, 5 ano inundated. And that in the Junta that was held for this fortification, it was left up to the choice that Don Joseph de Rivera would make. They also say, Sire, there is no good port in all those surrounding areas except for the one of St. Joseph, which is already occupied and that most or all are bars with very little water and only sloops are able to enter up to the said fort and [only] not loaded very much. There is also a great lack, Sire, of religious doctrineros. Thus, for the ten Indian villages that there are already reduced in the areas surrounding this Presidio and which are being added to from other additional provinces, there are only five friars for instructing them well in the religion. They are few. And for the settlement of Apalachee to have a good outcome, it will be very necessary for them to come from those Kingdoms on the first occasion that there is for a vessel going to Havana or directly to this Presidio with the families accompanying these hundred soldiers. And eight hundred rifles (fuziles), three hundred mattocks and plowshares for ploughing for working the lands. A good quantity of powder and rifle balls. Some red and blue cloths, a great deal of firewater and flour. All this, Sire, is necessary in order to obtain the goodwill of the Indians and for Y. M. to be the one most esteemed in the giving of gifts that the French practice along with the English, for which there are utilized by this means the kissing-stones, beaver-cloth, deerskins and of buffalo (dezibora). May God preserve L. C the Royal Person of Y. M. as Christendom requires. St. Augustine of Florida, 12th of August of 1718. The Gov. Dn Ant.o de Benavides [Ten pages of Autos follow.] John H. Hann February 25, 2003 and revised and retyped, July 28, 2003 Bureau of Archaeological Research 3 Antonio de Benavides, September 24, 1718 Auto p. 1 ...abuses that were committed during the time that Juan de Ayala governed in this Presidio of illicit trades with the English and heathen and Christian Indians and especially of having given permission to all the soldiers whom Don Vicente Raja, Governor of Havana, sent with the Captain Don Juan de Ayala, without considering the grave improprieties that could follow from the scant garrisoning of it and that the company alluded to came because of a petition (representacion) that Juan de Ayala made to that government that he had had notice that the English corsair had made arrangement to come to invade this plaza. [The governor then orders the questioning of all the appropriate persons to establish this]. p. 2 Statement by Don Francisco Romero de Luxita, September 24, 1718. He states that he knows that Governor Don Vicente Raja of Havana told Ayala that he should take care because, in Providence, corsairs were arming, composed of more than 1,000 men and that they did not know where they would strike and that Romero brought word from St. Jorge [Charles Town] that St. Augustine was their target.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Portolá Trail and Development of Foster City Our Vision Table of Contents to Discover the Past and Imagine the Future
    Winter 2014-2015 LaThe Journal of the SanPeninsula Mateo County Historical Association, Volume xliii, No. 1 Portolá Trail and Development of Foster City Our Vision Table of Contents To discover the past and imagine the future. Is it Time for a Portolá Trail Designation in San Mateo County? ....................... 3 by Paul O. Reimer, P.E. Our Mission Development of Foster City: A Photo Essay .................................................... 15 To enrich, excite and by T. Jack Foster, Jr. educate through understanding, preserving The San Mateo County Historical Association Board of Directors and interpreting the history Paul Barulich, Chairman; Barbara Pierce, Vice Chairwoman; Shawn DeLuna, Secretary; of San Mateo County. Dee Tolles, Treasurer; Thomas Ames; Alpio Barbara; Keith Bautista; Sandra McLellan Behling; John Blake; Elaine Breeze; David Canepa; Tracy De Leuw; Dee Eva; Ted Everett; Accredited Pat Hawkins; Mark Jamison; Peggy Bort Jones; Doug Keyston; John LaTorra; Joan by the American Alliance Levy; Emmet W. MacCorkle; Karen S. McCown; Nick Marikian; Olivia Garcia Martinez; Gene Mullin; Bob Oyster; Patrick Ryan; Paul Shepherd; John Shroyer; Bill Stronck; of Museums. Joseph Welch III; Shawn White and Mitchell P. Postel, President. President’s Advisory Board Albert A. Acena; Arthur H. Bredenbeck; John Clinton; Robert M. Desky; T. Jack Foster, The San Mateo County Jr.; Umang Gupta; Greg Munks; Phill Raiser; Cynthia L. Schreurs and John Schrup. Historical Association Leadership Council operates the San Mateo John C. Adams, Wells Fargo; Jenny Johnson, Franklin Templeton Investments; Barry County History Museum Jolette, San Mateo Credit Union and Paul Shepherd, Cargill. and Archives at the old San Mateo County Courthouse La Peninsula located in Redwood City, Carmen J.
    [Show full text]
  • ANGEL ISLAND a Historical Perspective Angel Island Association Angel Island Immigration Station Historical Station California Historical Society Paul Q
    ANGEL ISLAND A Historical Perspective Angel Island Association Angel Island Immigration Station Historical Station California Historical Society Paul Q. Chow ® Americans All A National Education Program Table of Contents Page Preface . iv The Angel Island Immigration Station . 1 Entry to the United States . 2 The Immigration Station . 2 Detention Barracks Floor Plans . 3 The Interrogation Procedure . 6 Stories from the Interrogation Process . 7 The Later Years . 8 Angel Island State Park (map) . 9 Historical Highlights . 10 Building the Immigration Station . 10 Pre-World War I . 10 World War I . 11 Post-World War I . 11 World War II . 12 Post-Military Period . 12 Student Background Essays . 13 The Photograph Collection . 14 Bibliography . 19 Photo Credits . 21 Front Cover . 21 Back Cover . 21 Text . 21 The Photograph Collection . 21 Map Showing Location of Angel Island . Back Cover The Angel Island Immigration Station Because the majority of European immigrants who Francisco Bay. It was christened Isla de Los Angeles by came to the United States passed through the admission a Spanish explorer, Juan de Ayala, in 1775. process on Ellis Island in New York harbor, the Ellis Native Americans had used the island for thousands Island Immigration Station is a famous historic site. Yet of years. In the early 1800s, Russian sea-otter hunters it was not the only major port of entry for immigrants. visited it. In the mid-1800s, the United States govern- Between 1910 and 1940, Angel Island in San Francisco ment began developing the island. Gun batteries on Bay was the location of a large and imposing government Alcatraz and Angel Islands formed the inner defense of compound where immigrants seeking entry into the San Francisco Bay.
    [Show full text]
  • Ifray Junípero Serra EI Padre De Californ EI Padre De
    IFray Junípero Serra EI PadrePadre dede CalifornCaliforn ia ^,7,3-,^84> Por José Antonio Vaca de Osma (1) EI dedo del destino no conoce de épo- cas para marcar a sus elegidos. Cuando el 24 de noviembre de 1713 nace en Petra, peque- ño pueblo de la. isla de Mallorca, el hijo de Antonio Serra y Margarita Ferrer, que se va a I{amar en el bautismo Miguel y José, parece que no es ya el tiempo de aventuras místicas, de las grandes empresas evangelizadoras. Da ia impresión de que el siglo de las luces no es campo propicio para un hijo de labradores sin letras, pequeño, frágil, nacido con voca- ción de santidad. Es el tiempo en que se funda en París el Club de P'Entresol, en que Vico escribe su ciencia nueva, pone cátedra Voltaire, pinta Watteau y las Indias que compone Rameau son, ante todo, galantes. No, aparentemente no encaja el frailecico en ese siglo que va de Fe1i- pe V a Carlos IV, en unos años, los de su vida {1713-1784) que son los de Mozart, los de Goethe, los de Catalina la Grande, los de Rousseau, los de Adam Smith, los de Washington..., hasta los de Napoleón, los de Goya, los (1) Diplomáticoehístoriador. de Beethoven. íDios mío, qué siglo! Y a lo largo de él, la trayectoria asombrosa, sin tiempo ni lugar, del pequeño español de las islas rnediterrá- neas que no para hasta el norte del Pacífico, saltando meridianos y parale- los en un vuelo del espíritu pero síempre con los pies en la tierra.
    [Show full text]
  • A Chronology of Spanish Florida 1513 to 1821
    Conquistadores in the Land of Flowers: A Chronology of Spanish Florida 1513 to 1821 Compiled by Paul Eugen Camp Special Collections Department University of South Florida Library Tampa 2001 The First Spanish Period, 1513-1763 To a late sixteenth century Spaniard, “Florida” was a vast land stretching as far north as Chesapeake Bay and west to a point beyond the Mississippi. In the first half of the 1500's, Spain launched a series of expeditions to explore and colonize Florida. Although these expeditions brought back geographic knowledge, they were costly in blood and treasure, and failed to achieve a permanent Spanish settlement. The establishment of St. Augustine in 1565 marked the true beginning of Spain’s Florida colony. The remainder of the century saw the establishment of further settlements and the beginning of the mission system. During the seventeenth century, Spanish Florida prospered moderately, with an extensive system of Franciscan missions stretching from northern Georgia to the Florida panhandle, and large cattle ranchos operating in the Tallahassee and Alachua areas. At the beginning of the eighteenth century, war with England destroyed the missions and ranchos, and with them any hope of Florida becoming more than an isolated military frontier. By the time Spain turned Florida over to the British in 1763, Spanish control was limited to little more than St. Augustine, Pensacola and a few other outposts. 1510 Unrecorded Spanish expeditions searching for indian slaves probably reached the Florida coast as early as 1510, possibly even earlier. In 1565, the Spanish Council of the Indies claimed that Spanish ships had “gone to occupy” Florida ever since 1510.
    [Show full text]
  • Life and Apostolic Labors of the Venerable Father Junípero Serra
    California State University, Monterey Bay Digital Commons @ CSUMB Franciscan Publications Spanish Viceroyalty [AD 1542/1769-1821] 1-21-2019 1913 - Life and Apostolic Labors of the Venerable Father Junipeŕ o Serra; Francisco Palou, Translation by C. Scott Williams Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/hornbeck_spa_2 Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons, Education Commons, Life Sciences Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation "1913 - Life and Apostolic Labors of the Venerable Father Junipeŕ o Serra; Francisco Palou, Translation by C. Scott Williams" (2019). Franciscan Publications. 5. https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/hornbeck_spa_2/5 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Spanish Viceroyalty [AD 1542/1769-1821] at Digital Commons @ CSUMB. It has been accepted for inclusion in Franciscan Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ CSUMB. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MV5EVMoFTHEAnEll,lCAN INDIAN.' FREDERICK W. HODGE COLLECTION 3 1924 097 693 869 Huntington Free Library Native American Collection CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924097693869 TRANSLATION PALOU'S LIFE OF JUNIPERO SERRA FRANCISCO PALOU'S LIFE AND APOSTOLIC LABORS OF THE Venerable Father Junipero Serra FOUNDER OF THE FRANCISCAN MISSIONS OF CALIFORNIA WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES BY GEORGE WHARTON JAMES Author of "In and Out of the Old Missions of California," "The Franciscan Missions of California," "Modern Mission Architecture," etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Angel Island Angel Island Geography Location San Francisco Bay Coordinates 37°52
    Angel Island Angel Island Geography Location San Francisco Bay Coordinates 37°52′N 122°26′W / 37.86°N 122.43°W Area 1.2 sq mi (3.1 km2) Elevation 788.76 ft (240.41 m) Highest point Mount Caroline Livermore Country United States State California County Marin County City and County of San Francisco Demographics Population 57 Density 18.35/km2 (47.5/sq mi) Additional information California Historical Landmark Reference #: 529 Angel Island is an island in San Francisco Bay offering expansive 360° views of the San Francisco skyline, the Marin County Headlands and Mount Tamalpais. The entire island is included within Angel Island State Park and is administered by California State Parks. The island, a California Historical Landmark, has been used for a variety of purposes, including military forts, a US Public Health Service Quarantine Station, and a US Bureau of Immigration inspection and detention facility. The Angel Island Immigration Station on the northeast corner of the island, where officials detained, inspected, and examined approximately one million immigrants, has been designated a National Historic Landmark. Contents Geography History Fort McDowell Immigration station Angel Island State Park Ecology 2008 fire Access Geography Port of Angel Island Angel Island is the second largest island in area of the San Francisco Bay (Alameda is the largest). The island is so large that on a clear day, Sonoma and Napa can be seen from the north side of the island; San Jose can be seen from the south side of the island. The highest point on the island, almost exactly at its center, is Mount Caroline Livermore at a height of 788 feet (240 m).
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape Change in Suisun Marsh AMBER DAWN MANFREE
    Landscape Change in Suisun Marsh By AMBER DAWN MANFREE B.A. (Sonoma State University) 1995 M.A. (University of California, Davis) 2012 DISSERTATION Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Geography in the OFFICE OF GRADUATE STUDIES of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS Approved: _____________________________________ Peter B. Moyle, Chair _____________________________________ Deborah L. Elliott-Fisk _____________________________________ Jay R. Lund Committee in Charge 2014 i UMI Number: 3646341 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3646341 Published by ProQuest LLC (2014). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 - 1346 Amber Dawn Manfree September 2014 Geography Landscape Change in Suisun Marsh Abstract Suisun Marsh is a 470 km2 wetland situated between the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and San Pablo Bay in the San Francisco Estuary. Today, about 80 percent of the marsh plain is privately owned by duck hunting clubs and managed in accordance with conservation agreements. A complex network of sloughs weaves through the Marsh, providing habitat for numerous aquatic species. Together the waterways and marsh plain support a stunning array of species, provide exurban open space, and are increasingly called upon to meet regional conservation objectives.
    [Show full text]
  • Diego López De Ayala and the Intellectual Contours of Sixteenth-Century Toledo
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Carolina Digital Repository DIEGO LÓPEZ DE AYALA AND THE INTELLECTUAL CONTOURS OF SIXTEENTH-CENTURY TOLEDO Jonathan Paul O'Conner A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures (Spanish). Chapel Hill 2011 Approved by: Lucia Binotti Frank A. Domínguez Rosa Perelmuter Ennio I. Rao Carmen Y. Hsu ©2011 Jonathan Paul O'Conner ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT JONATHAN O'CONNER: Diego López de Ayala and the Intellectual Contours of Sixteenth-Century Toledo (Under the direction of Lucia Binotti) This dissertation focuses on one of the protagonists in the political, religious and intellectual life of sixteenth-century Toledo, the largely forgotten Diego López de Ayala (c. 1480-1560). He was a member of one of the era's most influential noble families and a stand-in and envoy of the Archbishop of Toledo, Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros, to the court of Ferdinand the Catholic in Spain and that of the future Emperor Charles V in Flanders. Afterwards, he played an influential role in the spread of Italian Renaissance aesthetics in Spain as superintendent of works at the Toledo Cathedral for nearly forty years. He also translated into Spanish the prose sections of two Italian works, the Questioni d'amore of Giovanni Boccaccio's Filocolo (Treze questiones) and the Arcadia of Jacopo Sannazaro. Past scholarship on López de Ayala has often considered minimal his political and literary roles.
    [Show full text]
  • 876-ANGEL ISLAND.Book
    ANGEL ISLAND A Historical Perspective Angel Island Association Angel Island Immigration Station Historical Station California Historical Society Paul Q. Chow Americans All ® Editorial and Advisory Staff Organizational Resources Paul Q. Chow has been instrumental in the develop - Angel Island Association mental and educational activities of the Angel Island P.O. Box 866 Immigration Station Historical Advisory Committee since Tiburon, CA 94920 1973. A prominent guest lecturer, he has been involved in (415) 435-3522 many other civic and community activities. He retired in Angel Island Immigration Station 1988 after 35 years of service with the California Historical Advisory Committee Department of Transportation, where he held the position c/o Paul Q. Chow of associate transportation engineer. He is a Korean War 370 31st Avenue veteran. San Francisco, CA 94121-1707 Crystal K. D. Huie is a photographer deeply involved (415) 387-5547 with programs of the Asian American community. An The California Historical Society instructor at the Photography Center in San Francisco, 678 Mission Street his photographs have appeared in numerous publications San Francisco, CA 94105 and have been exhibited in galleries and museums (415) 357-1848 through out the nation. He is the recipient of many fellow ships in photography, museum education and Crystal K. D. Huie, Photographer community studies. 359 Vienna Street San Francisco, CA 94112 Him Mark Lai is a historian who has authored many (415) 585-5510 books and articles on Chinese American history. He has served as past president of the Chinese Historical Society of America and the Chinese Culture Foundation of San Francisco. He also was archivist and consultant for the Asian American Studies Library, University of California at Berkeley.
    [Show full text]
  • “El (Primer) Hombre De Alcatraz” (1774) EL DOCUMENTO
    ARCHIVO HISTÓRICO PROVINCIAL DE CÁDIZ EL DOCUMENTO DESTACADO dddccc Noviembre-Diciembre de 2020 “El (primer) hombre de Alcatraz” (1774) Juan Manuel de Ayala, primer europeo en la Bahía de San Francisco 1 Edita: Consejería de Cultura y Patrimonio Histórico de la Junta de Andalucía. © SELECCIÓN DOCUMENTAL Y TEXTOS : José Ramón Barroso Rosendo ARCHIVO HISTÓRICO PROVINCIAL DE CÁDIZ Cádiz, Noviembre de 2020 ISSN: 2695-5326 . 2 EL DOCUMENTO DESTACADO 2020/ noviembre-diciembre “ El (primer) hombre de Alcatraz ” (1774) Juan Manuel de Ayala , primer europeo en la Bahía de San Francisco Selección documental y textos: José Ramón Barroso Rosendo CONSEJERÍA DE CULTURA Y PATRIMONIO HISTÓRICO ARCHIVO HISTÓRICO PROVINCIAL DE CÁDIZ 3 Mapa del puerto de San Francisco, en la costa de California septentrional, sondeado y demarcado por los oficiales y pilotos del Departamento de San Blas (Archivo General de Indias, Sevilla). 4 La bahía y el puerto de San Francisco en California y parajes como la Isla de Alcatraz son hoy conocidos por todos por referencias literarias y cinematográficas, sin embargo muy pocos conocen que el primer navegante, explorador y cartógrafo del que se tiene constancia de esta zona fue Juan Manuel de Ayala. En nuestro archivo se conserva un documento suyo en el que dice estar presto a par- tir para su misión en “las Californias”, esta mención parece ser un guiño a través del tiempo que pide que se le saque del olvido y reivindica su legado, aunque quizás este olvido haya preservado su memoria de ser vandalizada por una multitud fanática e iletrada. JUAN MANUEL DE AYALA Y ARANZA : Fue un marino y explorador español, nacido en Osuna (Sevilla) en 1745 y ave- cindado en Puerto Real.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    Spanish Exploration In The North Pacific And Its Effect On Alaska Place Names Item Type Thesis Authors Luna, Albert Gregory Download date 05/10/2021 11:44:10 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/8541 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6* x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Bell & Howell Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting
    INTERETHNIC RELATIONS AND SETTLEMENT ON THE SPANISH FLORIDA FRONTIER, 1668-1763 By DIANA REIGELSPERGER A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2013 1 © 2013 Diana Reigelsperger 2 To my husband Jason 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My research would not have been possible without assistance from the Graduate School of the University of Florida, the Upchurch Scholarship from the Institute of Early American Studies, the Program for Cultural Cooperation between Spain’s Ministry of Culture and United States Universities, and the Koleos family. I have also benefitted from the knowledge and experience of a number of librarians and archivists. I benefitted immeasurably from the assistance of Pepe Hernández Palomo at the Escuela de Estudios Hispano Americanos and Manuel Ravina, director of the provincial archive of Cádiz. I would also like to thank Doug Inglis for illuminating the Spanish system of moving mail across the Atlantic. At the University of Florida P.K. Yonge Library of Florida History I wish to thank Bruce Chappell for his assistance and many lessons on the finer points of Spanish paleography and archives. I also wish to thank Jim Cusick for his assistance both in research and in suggesting new ways to think about the topic at hand. In Spain, Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to the staff of the St. Augustine Historical Society Research Library, especially Charles Tingley, for his assistance over nearly a decade of historical inquiry. I would like to thank the members of my committee, Jeffrey Needell, David Geggus, Jon Sensbach, and Richmond Brown for their generous assistance and time spent reading drafts of this work.
    [Show full text]