Boeing High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) UAS

Boeing Defense, Space & Security PhantomWorks

Pat O’Neil Director, HALE Programs Boeing Phantom Works

. Headquartered in St. Louis, Mo., with global operations in 4 nations and 21 states . Designing, building and supporting net-enabled platforms and systems for government and commercial customers . Balanced backlog across all markets including a strong mix of development, production and support contracts . Approximately 64,000 employees

Delivering the future

BDS Businesses New Program & Business Transition . Execution . Keep it sold . Follow-on business Phantom Works . Integrated concept development . Analysis, modeling, simulation & experiments . Rapid prototyping . Mature and apply new technology . Next generation systems (pre-SDD) . Adjacencies and new markets Technology Transition Boeing Research & Technology . Develop required core technology . Leap frog and disruptive technology

Mission Needs . Threats to communications infrastructure and inability to rapidly reconstitute . Need to persist over areas of interest, providing continual, long-dwell surveillance Enabling Technologies . Hydrogen internal combustion engines Phantom Eye . Lightweight cryogenic fuel storage . Lightweight, high efficiency solar arrays SolarEagle . Solid oxide fuel cell energy storage Emerging HALE Capabilities . Repositionable pseudo-satellites operating in the stratosphere for Persistent ISR and Assured Communications

Copyright © 2012 Boeing. All rights reserved. Phantom Eye Apr 2012 | 4 BDS | PhantomWorks Boeing Condor Program Long Endurance Flight Demonstration in the Stratosphere .Developed by DARPA & Boeing in the 1980’s to evaluate technologies for high altitude long World Record for Internal Combustion Engine Powered UAV (67,000 ft) endurance (HALE) flight World Record for Endurance (58.2 hr) .Demonstrated integration of critical HALE UAV technologies: – Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Propulsion with low BSFC – Low Reynolds Number Aerodynamics – All-composite structures – Autonomous operation – Engine-out operation and landing

Engine ground testing Iron wing test validated control fixture used to schedules, optimized solve early thermal design and integration demonstrated reliability issues

Current HALE developments leveraging Condor design and development knowledge

Hydrogen Is a Superior Fuel Hydrogen Engines are Ready for Use

60 Hydrogen BMW 50 Converted 40 7-Series 30 Ford 20 Converted Sedan 10

Heating Value (kBTU/lb) Value Heating 0

Boeing Cryogenic Hydrogen Technology and Operations

Cryogenic Test Launch Vehicles Space Shuttle Fuel Cell Facilities

• Dual hydrogen-burning Ford engines & liquid hydrogen tanks • 1100 to 2500 lbs Payload, 7 to 10 days Endurance • Highly reliable avionics & subsystems design • Highly autonomous with contingency management • Provides affordable 24/7 operation to support Missile Defense, ISR, or Communications needs

First Flight of the Phantom Eye Demonstrator in 2012

Transformational Loitering Endurance in the Stratosphere

Benefits of Stratospheric Operations

65kft Air Vehicles

25kft Air VehicleVehicles

Afghanistan Altitude with EnduranceAfghanistan 6000

5000 4000 40hr, 240hr, 3000 25kft 65kft Pakistan 2000 AV AV Pakistan Sorties (3yr (3yr Sorties Ops) 1000

Fewer Orbits, Air Vehicles, Crews, and Simplified Operations

Continuous Monitoring with Multiple Tight (2 Km) Orbit Platforms Operates Above Station Maintained Controlled Airspace In Winds LOS Comms Typical

11 Nm min Alt Very Low Operating Costs/hour

Sensing LOS Horizon > 600 Nm

0nm 2000nm 4000nm

9 6000nm 8000nm 8 10,000nm 7

6 10,800nm 5 Global reach with multiple days on-station 4 Maintain continuous persistent operations anywhere on Earth with 3 Air Vehicles

Method Feedstock Availability Technology Status Merchant N/A CONUS, Available delivery of Western today LH2 Europe, Japan, …

Steam Natural gas Oil Available Methane producing today Reforming countries or nearby refinery JP8 Logistic Any airbase Develop- Sulfur Filtration Reforming fuels mental

Electrolysis Water Universal Near COTS

The best solution may vary with deployment location

Hydrogen Propulsion System Testing Phantom Eye Platform

• 10+ days endurance at 65 kft (>600 lbs payload*) • 7 days endurance at 65 kft (2000 lbs payload*) • 3+ weeks endurance at 25kft (>600 lbs payload*) • Adequate power to support • Long duration engine LH2 Tank Inner Shell payloads testing (2006 – 2008) Proof Pressure Test • Redundant Systems for • Max power & target Reliability SFC exceeded at 65,000 ft *Note: Payload refers to a suite of • Successful inner tank multiple sensors, excluding core proof pressure test communications equipment of 500 lbs

Copyright © 2012 Boeing. All rights reserved. Phantom Eye Apr 2012 | 13 BDS | PhantomWorks Phantom Eye Demonstrator Objective: Prove the technical readiness of the hydrogen propulsion system for operational development

. Wing: 150 ft span .Two 2.3L Ford H2 engines . Length= 52.9 ft .Two 8 ft diameter LH2 fuel tanks . Empty weight= 8,081 lb .Redundant VMS for long endurance flight . Useful fuel= 1,876 lb demonstration . 450 lb payload capacity .All composite bonded wing . TOGW= 9,957 lb .Fuselage & empennage

Demonstrator vehicle ready for flight testing in 2012 May 2011

Empennage/Tail Wing Nacelle/Propulsion System

Fuselage Fuel Tanks

Subsystems

TCDL Communications Launch Cart Gear

Landing Gear

Copyright © 2012 Boeing. All rights reserved. Approved for Public Release Phantom Eye Apr 2012 | 15 BDS | PhantomWorks Phantom Eye Demonstrator Currently In Development and Test 2008 2009 2010 2011 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Procurement / Internal Design / Build Assembly / Integration / Checkout

Wing / Cryo Tests Iron Wing / Spin Test All composite bonded wing System Test NASA DFRC

Altitude Chamber Spin Test Testing Wing Load Test

Iron Wing

Assembly and Fab

Cryo Testing Nacelle Integration Two 8 ft diameter LH2 fuel tanks Two 2.3L Ford H2 engines, props & gearboxes