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CUCURBITACEAE Juss i Universidade Federal de Goiás Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal ESTUDO TAXONÔMICO DAS ESPÉCIES DA FAMÍLIA CUCURBITACEAE Juss. OCORRENTES NO DISTRITO FEDERAL, BRASIL. Iada Anderson Barbosa Leal Orientadora: Profa Dra. Vera Lúcia Gomes-Klein Goiânia, 2013 ii Estudo taxonômico das espécies da família Cucurbitaceae Juss. ocorrentes no Distrito Federal, Brasil. Iada Anderson Barbosa Leal Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal da Universidade Federal de Goiás, como requisito para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Biodiversidade Vegetal. Orientadora: Profa Dra. Vera Lúcia Gomes-Klein Goiânia, 2013 iii DEDICATÓRIA: Aos meus pais, Francisco e Maria Ionirce (in memoriam). À minha Renata. iv v AGRADECIMENTOS Escrever uma dissertação de mestrado é uma experiência enriquecedora e de plena superação. Nos modificamos e crescemos a cada tentativa de buscar respostas às nossas aflições de ‘pesquisador’. Para aqueles que compartilharam conosco este processo, parece uma tarefa interminável e enigmática que só se torna realizável graças a muitas pessoas que participam, direta ou indiretamente, mesmo sem saber realmente ‘o que’ e ‘para que’ nos envolvemos em pesquisa. Agradecer a todos que ajudaram a construir esta dissertação não é tarefa fácil. O maior perigo que se coloca para o agradecimento seletivo não é decidir quem incluir, mas decidir quem não mencionar. A fim de ressaltar a importância de todos dentro do contexto que é a minha atribulada vida dividirei em tópicos: Agradecimentos especiais: A Deus Pai e à Mãe Natureza, arquitetos maiores deste mundo, responsáveis por todas as formas de vida, ambos indispensáveis em todos os momentos; A Maria Ionirce e Francisco Leal, meus pais (in memoriam), pela vida, amor e apoio irrestrito aos meus estudos; À minha família: Igor e Yuri, meus irmãos, não poderia ter melhores, obrigado por existirem; Karla e Sabrina, cunhada e sobrinha, que vieram acrescentar às nossas vidas; Aos meus filhos, Maria Clara e Lucas, minhas luzes, fagulhas de alegria, papai ama vocês onde quer que estejam; A Renata (amooorrrrr), Celsa e Adail, pelo amor incondicional e por terem me feito um ser humano melhor, ou por estarem tentando sem perder as esperanças; À “família Barbosa”: filhos, genros e noras, sobrinhos, netos e bisnetos de Dona Maria e Seu Onofre, pela acolhida gentil me fazendo sentir amparado e protegido; À professora Vera Lúcia Gomes-Klein, minha orientadora, a pessoa que me estendeu a mão quando outros duvidaram da minha capacidade e que, sabiamente, aos trancos e barrancos, (especialmente por minhas próprias dificuldades) me “alfabetizou” no abecedário botânico das cucurbitáceas e, após muitos pepinos e inúmeras abobrinhas, podemos hoje colher o fruto doce que é esta dissertação. Agradecimentos profissionais: Colégio Degraus: à direção: Cordilina, Nicinha e Lurdinha; ao coordenador do ensino médio: Fernando Zaffalon; aos alunos do 3° ano 2013, pelo carinho e confiança recebidos e a todos os demais professores, coordenadores e funcionários. Colégio Lúcia Vasconcelos: à professora Lúcia Vasconcelos; às coordenadoras Viviane e Samanta; aos ex-funcionários e amigos Marcelo e Liliane e a todos os demais funcionários e professores. vi Faculdade União de Goyazes (FUG): aos coordenadores Nilton Carlos e Aline Brito; ao professor Leonardo Teófilo, pela amizade e parceria profissional; à Luciene Francis, pela amizade e a todos os demais professores, coordenadores e funcionários. Agradecimentos UFG: Aos amigos do PPGBV: Carlos de Melo, José Neiva, Túlio Filgueiras, Josimar Santos, Márcia Yuriko, Giselle Lopes, Joicy Martins, Suyá Samara, Luma Mota, Raphael Matias, Elga Almeida, Yanne Fernandes, Cinthia Silva, Bárbara Regina, Cellini Oliveira, Lorena Lana, Felipe Carvalho e Vinícius Pina, pelos inúmeros e inesquecíveis momentos que apenas nossas memórias são capazes de registrar, como discussões sérias e não-sérias, expedições e coletas, aulas e seminários, caronas, alegrias, decepções, lamúrias, lágrimas, almoços, lanches, “caféééés” e, até mesmo, piadas. Aos demais amigos conquistados ao longo desse retorno: Saturnina da Costa, Leonardo de Jesus, Nathânia Sabath, Túlio Max, Lucas Camargo, Augusto Francener, Marcos Queiroz, Dayana Abdalla, Professor Welinton Ribamar. Aos professores do PPGBV: Aristônio Teles, Marcos José, Letícia Gonçalves, Simone Sabóia, Maria Helena Rezende, Lee Chen Chen, Edivani Villaron, Helder Nagai, Ina Nogueira, Francis Júlio e Hyrandir Cabral, pela transmissão de conhecimento e inspiração durante as disciplinas ministradas; Aos professores Tomás Portes, Alexandre Alonso, Sirlene Felisberto e aos professores aposentados Irani Fernandes, Luciano Vannucci, Heloisa Câmara, Eliane Stacciarini, todos do Departamento de Botânica da UFG, responsáveis também pela minha inspiração na área; Aos estagiários da professora Vera: Rodolph, Sara, Marco, Sandro, Ludmilla, Vanessa, Sonilda, Daniela e outros; este trabalho também é de vocês, grato eternamente pela ajuda inestimável; À Carmen Helena pela ajuda nos “desembaraços” do Herbário UFG; Ao professor Heleno Dias Ferreira, ídolo e referência, por todas as sugestões, apoio e auxílio, pelos longos anos de amizade e a presença nas bancas de qualificação e defesa final; Ao professor José Ângelo Rizzo, ícone maior para todos acima citados; À Gleizilene (Gleize), ex-aluna e amiga, pelos desabafos e ajuda nos árduos momentos burocráticos; Aos demais colegas do PPGBV. Outros agradecimentos (não menos importantes, listados aqui apenas pela falta do adjetivo apropriado a esse tópico): À FAPEG, pela bolsa concedida; vii Ao professor Luís Fernando Paiva Lima, por todas as sugestões, apoio e auxílio durante a fase de finalização e a presença nas bancas de qualificação e defesa final; Ao professor José Divino, pelo empréstimo do dicionário de inglês para a prova de seleção (achou que eu iria me esquecer?) e pela tradução do resumo; Aos curadores e funcionários dos herbários visitados; À Roberta Chacon, pela autorização no uso de suas fotografias realizadas com espécies da família; Ao site posgraduando.com, visita obrigatória de todo estudante de pós-graduação no Brasil, ajudou demais a relaxar nos momentos mais tensos; Ao professor Divino Brandão, ídolo e referência a quem devo, de certa forma, uma dissertação que deveria ter sido escrita há 19 anos, espero ter quitado a dívida; À professora Cleusa Bona e Leocádia Bona, pela amizade de longa data e pelo apoio logístico em Joinville e Curitiba; À Maria Aparecida Silva (Cida), do IBGE-DF, pelo apoio logístico durante as coletas de material botânico e consultas a herbários no Distrito Federal; A Marcelo Levy e aos diretores da Santa Branca Ecoturismo, pela oportunidade concedida na realização de projetos científicos na Fazenda; A TODOS os meus alunos: os atuais, os ex e os futuros, são 22 anos na estrada tortuosa da educação brasileira e vocês ainda me suportando; A Cleiber Marques Vieira, pela amizade e as discussões intermináveis sobre as idiossincrasias científicas; Às músicas de Alice in Chains, Amy Winehouse, Audioslave, Barão Vermelho, The Beatles, Black Drawing Chalks, Black Sabbath, Blur, Caetano Veloso, Capital Inicial, Cássia Eller, Cazuza, Charlie Brown Jr, Chico Buarque, Chico Science E Nação Zumbi, The Clash, Coldplay, The Cure, David Bowie, Depeche Mode, The Doors, Elvis Presley, Engenheiros Do Hawaii, Faith No More, Foo Fighters, Garbage, Guns n’ Roses, INXS, Ira!, Joy Division, Kings Of Leon, Legião Urbana, Led Zeppelin, Leoni, Lobão, Lulu Santos, Metallica, New Order, Nirvana, Oasis, Os Paralamas do Sucesso, Pearl Jam, Pink Floyd, The Pixies, Placebo, Plebe Rude, The Police, Queens Of The Stone Age, Ramones, R.E.M., Radiohead, Raimundos, Raul Seixas, Red Hot Chili Peppers, The Rolling Stones, RPM, Sepultura, Smashing Pumpkins, Soundgarden, Stone Temple Pilots, The Smiths, The Strokes, Tim Maia, Titãs, U2, Ultraje A Rigor, The White Stripes, Zé Ramalho e outros mais; por terem preenchido os silêncios durante as adversidades dos últimos dois anos, seja no som do carro, na escrita desta dissertação, nas madrugadas repletas de trabalho ou, até mesmo, antes de dormir. Finalmente o agradecimento a todos que duvidaram, em algum (ou em vários) momento(s), que a execução deste trabalho não seria possível: a inveja, o desprezo, o desrespeito, o descaso, a ironia, o sarcasmo, o cinismo, a arrogância, a intolerância etc. que viii exalaram de vocês foram devidamente convertidos em muita força de vontade e superação para este momento tão especial. Felicidade é tudo o que desejo a cada um de vocês. “Quem tem brilho próprio incomoda quem vive no escuro”. ix SUMÁRIO Resumo xii Abstract xiii Lista de tabelas, figuras, gráfico e anexo xiv I.INTRODUÇÃO 01 I.1.Estudos sobre Cucurbitaceae no Brasil e no Distrito Federal 03 II.OBJETIVOS 04 III.ÁREA DE ESTUDO 05 IV.METODOLOGIA 06 IV.1.Levantamento bibliográfico 06 IV.2.Trabalho de campo 06 IV.3.Visitas e consultas a herbários 08 IV.4.Análise do material 11 V .RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO 12 V.1.Chave para o reconhecimento dos gêneros nativos de Cucurbitaceae encontrados no Distrito Federal 13 V.2. Tratamento taxonômico 14 1.Cayaponia Silva Manso 14 1.1. Chave para identificação das espécies do gênero Cayaponia encontradas no Distrito Federal 16 1.2.Cayaponia espelina Silva Manso (Cogn.) 17 1.3.Cayaponia floribunda Cogn. 24 1.4.Cayaponia tayuya (Vell.) Cogn. 26 1.5.Cayaponia triangularis (Cogn.) Cogn. 30 1.5.Cayaponia weddellii (Naudin) Gomes-Klein 31 2.Gurania (Schltdl.) Cogn. 35 2.1.Gurania
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