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Country Fact Sheet Tanzania

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Country Fact Sheet Tanzania Table of contents Foreword 4 List of abbreviations 5 Statistics 7 Country Map 8 1. Country Profile 9 1.1 Geographical Presentation 9 1.2 Socio-demographic Analysis 10 1.3 Political Context 12 1.4 Economic Performance – synthesis 12 1.5 Development challenges 13 2. Education 15 2.1 Structure 15 2.1.1 The structure of Tanzania’s education system 15 2.1.2 Management and Administration of Education 16 2.2 Data and Policy focus in terms of higher education 16 3. Development Aid Analysis 19 3.1 Development strategy with focus on poverty reduction 19 3.2 Actors 20 3.3 Donor Aid 20 4. University Development Cooperation 23 4.1 VLIR-UOS Activity in/with the Country 23 4.2 Focus of other university development cooperation donors 24 List of Resources and interesting Links 27 ANNEXES 28 A. PRSP 28 B. Strategy Papers of the Ministry of Higher Education 28 Country Fact Sheet Tanzania 2 C. List of HE Institutes (private <-> public) and their focal points 28 Country Fact Sheet Tanzania 3 Foreword The Country Sheet Tanzania is a compilation of information from related documents with factual country information, economic, social and development priorities, with also information on higher education and university cooperation in Tanzania. The information included is extracted from policy documents, websites and strategy papers from EU, UNDP, worldbank and other organisations. Contextual information from the 2008 end term evaluation of the IUC with Sokoine Agricultural University (SUA) , performed by S. Mantell and O. Abagi (international consultants) was also included. This compiled document was realised by Luc Janssens de Bisthoven, VLIR-UOS programme officer, with support of Frederik Dewulf, VLIR-UOS project assistant, and Frank Vermeulen, QMS programme officer, and is by no means to be considered as a policy document. Its only purpose is to propose a working document with background and context for Country Strategy Identification of VLIR-UOS cooperation in and with Tanzania. As this is a working document, frequent updates will occur. The date of compilation of the current version is mentioned in the footer of the document. Country Fact Sheet Tanzania 4 List of abbreviations IUC EU UNDP SUA VLIR-UOS UNESCO CCM GNU CUF EPA SADC MDG Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE). Ward Based Education Management (WABEM) and Child Friendly Schools (CFS) prsp ICPs Belgian DGD ODA REI, BTP Government of National Unity (GNU Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM Civic United Front (CUF External Payment Account (EPA East African Community (EAC) TCU (Tanzanian Commission for Universities) BTC HEAC SUA VVOB APEFE Country Fact Sheet Tanzania 5 CUD Hubert Kairuki Memorial University (HKMU), established 1997[2] International Medical and Technological University (IMTU), established 1995 Moshi University College of Cooperative and Business Studies Mount Meru University Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) Muslim University of Morogoro (MUM) Mzumbe University (MU) Open University of Tanzania (OUT) Ruaha University College (RUCO) St. Augustine University of Tanzania (SAUT) St. John University of Tanzania (SJUT) Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) State University of Zanzibar Theophile Kisanji University Tumaini University (TU) University of Bukoba University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), established in 1970 from the split of the University of East Africa University of Dodoma, established in 2007[3] Zanzibar University (ZU) Kampala International University (KIU) Established in 2008 as a distant learning institution. University of Arusha (UoA) Nelson Mandela Institute of Science and Technology- Arusha Cumpus Country Fact Sheet Tanzania 6 Statistics TANZANIA: SOME BASIC FIGURES RANKED POSITION INDICATOR VALUE YEAR VLIR-UOS PARTNER COUNTRIES BENEFIT OF THE DOUBT (VLIR-UOS country selection methodology) 1 BoD-score 0,549 2010 6 2 Human Development Index 0,398 2010 16 3 Public Spending on Education ( as % percentage of GDP) 6,8 2008 4 VLIR-UOS INVESTMENTS 4 # VLIR-UOS-investments Totaal 561.065 2010 12 5 # Institutional University Cooperation 0 2011 4 6 # Own Initiatives 3 2011 3 7 # South initiatives 1 2011 2 8 # Scholars (ICP/ITP/KOI/ICP-PhD) 63 2010 4 9 # Travel Grants + VLADOC 19 2010 7 EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT AID 10 # Universities 24 2011 14 11 School enrollment, tertiary (% gross) 1,44765 2005 19 12 Net ODA received per capita (current US$) 67,1 2009 5 13 DGD expenditure: bilateral cooperation 7379037 2009 7 14 DGD expenditure: Indirect cooperation 2048329 2009 14 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 15 Life expectancy at birth 56,29 2009 13 16 Under-five mortality (per 1,000 live births) 104 2008 7 17 Combined gross enrolment ratio in education (both sexes) (%) 57,3 2010 13 18 Adult literacy rate (both sexes) (% aged 15 and above) 73,2 2010 13 19 Gender Inequality Index (updated) no data no data 20 Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population) 34 2007 5 DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS 21 Population 43.739.051 2009 7 22 Labor participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) 88,4 2009 2 23 GDP per capita (2008 PPP US$) 1426 2010 12 24 Improved water source (% of population with access) 98 2008 1 25 Internet users (per100 people) 1,2 2008 16 26 Income Gini coefficient 34,6 2000 16 POLITICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL INDICATORS 27 Voice and Accountability Percentile Rank (0-100) 43,6 2009 9 28 Political Stability Percentile Rank (0-100) 47,6 2009 5 29 Government Effectiveness Percentile Rank (0-100) 39 2009 12 30 Regalutory Quality Percentile Rank (0-100) 38,1 2009 11 31 Rule of Law Percentile Rank (0-100) 40,1 2009 9 32 Control of Corruption Percentile Rank (0-100) 40,5 2009 10 Country Fact Sheet Tanzania 7 Country Map Country Fact Sheet Tanzania 8 1. Country Profile 1.1 Geographical Presentation1 Introduction Tanzania, officially United Republic of Tanzania, republic, south-eastern Africa, bordered on the north by Lake Victoria and Uganda, on the north-east by Kenya, on the east by the Indian Ocean, on the south by Mozambique, Lake Malawi, and Malawi, on the south-west by Zambia, and on the west by Lake Tanganyika, Burundi, and Rwanda. The country includes the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba, and other offshore islands in the Indian Ocean. The total area of Tanzania is 945,100 sq km (364,900 sq mi), of which 942,453 sq km (363,882 sq mi) is on the mainland. The capital of Tanzania is Dodoma, located in the centre of the country and the place where the National Assembly meets. The former capital of the country was Dar es Salaam, located on the coast. Land and resources The landscape of mainland Tanzania is generally flat and low along the coast, but a plateau at an average altitude of about 1,220 m (4,000 ft) constitutes the greater part of the country. Isolated mountain groups rise in the north-east and south-west. The volcanic Mount Kilimanjaro (5,892 m/19,330 ft), the highest mountain in Africa, is situated near the north-eastern border with Kenya. Zanzibar, separated from the coast of the mainland by a channel some 32 km (20 mi) wide, is about 90 km (55 mi) long, and covers an area of approximately 1,650 sq km (637 sq mi). It is the largest coral island off the coast of Africa. Pemba, some 40 km (25 mi) north-west of Zanzibar, is about 68 km (42 mi) long, and has an area of approximately 984 sq km (380 sq mi). Both Zanzibar and Pemba are mostly low-lying. Rivers and Lakes Three of the great lakes of Africa lie on the borders of Tanzania and partially within it. Lake Tanganyika lies on the western border, Lake Victoria on the north-west, and Lake Malawi on the south-west. Lakes Malawi and Tanganyika lie in the Rift Valley, a tremendous geological fault system extending from the Middle East to Mozambique. Climate Tanzania’s climate is varied and controlled largely by altitude and distance from the sea. On the coastal plain of mainland Tanzania, the climate is tropical, being hot and humid. Temperatures average 26.7° C (80° F) and rainfall varies from 1,016 to 1,930 mm (40 to 76 in). The inland plateau is hot and dry, with rainfall averaging from 508 to 762 mm (20 to 30 in). The semi-temperate highlands in the south-west are wetter. The climate on the islands is generally tropical, but the heat is tempered by a sea breeze throughout the year. The annual maximum and minimum mean temperatures for the city of Zanzibar are 29.2° C (84.5° F) and 24.7° C (76.5° F) respectively; for Wete in Pemba, they are 30.3° C (86.5° F) and 24.5° C (76.1° F) respectively. 1 Taken on June 10th, 2011 from http://ntwk.esaanet.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=166:demography-of- tanzania&catid=53:demographics-&directory=99 Country Fact Sheet Tanzania 9 Natural Resources Diamonds and gold are currently the most important of the minerals being exploited in Tanzania. Large deposits of coal and iron ore exist in the southern region, but mining operates on a small scale only. There are plans to exploit natural gas deposits found in the Songo Songo island area, south-east of Dar es Salaam. Forestland constitutes one of the most substantial natural resources of the country. Forests cover 43.9 per cent (2000) of Tanzania, mainly in the south and west-central areas. Among the many hardwoods found are mahogany and camphorwood. Plants and Animals Tanzania’s wildlife includes almost all the large African mammals, notably: antelope, zebra, elephant, hippopotamus, rhinoceros, giraffe, lion, leopard, cheetah, and monkey. The country has a number of game reserves and national parks, including the famous Serengeti National Park, the Ruaha National Park, the Selous Game Reserve, and the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, located in the broad crater of an extinct volcano and providing a unique wildlife habitat.
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