Supplemental figure 1. Dissociation (melting) curves for all the were checked

for the presence of primer dimers or spurious and not specific products. qPCR was

performed on 4-fold serial dilutions of pool of zebrafish cDNA (WT and mibhi904; 3dpf)

using 100 nM of each Primer, and SybrGreen® PCR Master Mix. Reactions were amplified by 45 cycles of PCR using ABI Prism® 7700 Sequence Detection System

(Applied Biosystems). The melting curve analysis was performed by denaturation at

95°C for 15 sec, followed by a standard increasing ramp rate of the instrument from

60°C to 95°C. The X-axis is temperature and the Y-axis is Derivative or Fluorescence.

Colored lines indicate template-specific reactions. Black lines indicate no-template controls (NTC). β-act: beta-actin; BDNF: brain derived neurotrophic factor; PYYa: peptide YYa; GAD1: glutamate decarboxylase 1; Gabra1: gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor, alpha 1.

Supplemental figure 2. expression profile in microarray. A. Scattergram analysis

(±13,151 array probes selected after elimination of controls and blank); B. Hierarchical

clustering analysis of the data set ≤(P 0.05, T -test; GeneSpring GX 7.3.1). Each horizontal strip represents expression of a single gene. The up-regulation is shown in red and the down-regulation in green.

Supplemental figure 3. Pictorial representation of significantly up-regulated (A) and down-regulated (B) genes categorized based on known biological functions (Gene

Ontology database). Pie charts show % of genes belonging to different biological process: development, transport, immune response/response to a stimulus and cellular process (shown in pink colour). The genes involved in cellular process, has been sub-

grouped in other functional categories (pies charts on right side).

Supplemental figure 4. Expression pattern of glycine receptor alphaZ4 subunit

(GLRA4b) in WT and mibhi904 zebrafish (3 dpf). A. Detection of gene expression in 2%

ethidium bromide agarose gel electrophoresis. B. Levels of mRNA, measured by quantitative PCR and normalized to β-act. Error bars indicate ±SEM. Student’s t test;

p<0.05. C. Whole-mount in situ hybridization, lateral view. DC, diencephalon; hy,

hypothalamus; HB, hindbrain; Tel, telencephalon; TeO, optic tectum.

Supplemental table 1 Primer’s sequences, GeneBank accession number and amplicon

size for the investigated genes in conventional RT-PCR; primers indicated by asterisks

were also used in preparing the probes for In Situ Hybridization DNA (template

preparation using PCR amplification).

Supplemental table 2. qPCR efficiencies for all genes, slope of the curves, intercept

and the correlation coefficient were estimated using the equation E=10[-1/slope]

(qCalculator software) using the CT values obtained by the standards serial dilutions

assayed in triplicate (4 fold serial dilution). CT: cycle threshold; β-act: beta-actin; BDNF:

brain derived neurotrophic factor; PYYa: peptide YYa; Gabra1: gamma-aminobutyric

acid A receptor, alpha 1; GAD1: glutamate decarboxylase 1; Calb2: calbindin 2; Pvalb5:

parvalbumin isoform 2a; GLRA4b: glycine receptor alphaZ4 subunit.

Supplemental table 3. List of up-regulated genes grouped upon their general biological process. *These data were extracted after statistical analysis of microarrays for detection of differentially expressed genes and then from analysis for clustering genes by function. GenBank ID, fold changes and P-values are listed.

List of down-regulated genes grouped upon their general biological process. *These data were extracted after statistical analysis of microarrays for detection of differentially expressed genes and then from gene ontology analysis for clustering genes by function.

GenBank ID, fold changes and P-values are listed.

Supplemental video 1. Spontaneous Stage III seizure behaviour recorded in a mind

bomb mutant bathing in normal embryo media.

Supplemental Table 1 Primers used for amplification, cloning and sequencing Gene name Gene symbol GeneBank Primer sequences Size (bp) beta actin β-act AF057040 F, 5' GGACTCTGGTGATGGTGTGA 3' 569 R, 5' CACCGATCCAGACGGAGTAT 3' F, 5' GCTACAGCTTCACCACCACA 3' 596 R, 5' GGTTGGTCGTTCGTTTGAAT 3' ' ' 18S ribosomal 18S AF021880 F, 5 CGAAAGCATTTGCCAAGAAT 3 467 R, 5' AACGCCACTTGTCCCTCTAA 3' F, 5' TGACTCAACACGGGAAACCT 3' 450 R, 5' TGTACAAAGGGCAGGGACTT 3' elongation factor 1 alpha subunit EF1α NM_131263 F, 5' GCGTGGTATCACCATTGACA 3' 443 R, 5' TCTTCCATCCCTTGAACCAG 3' F, 5' CTGATTGTTGCTGGTGGTGT 3' 548 R, 5' TGGTGCATCTCAACAGACTTG 3' β beta-2-microglobulin 2M BC062841 F, 5' TATGTCGGACACCAAGCAGA 3' 449 R, 5' TCCACACCAAGAACAGGAACT 3' F, 5' CTGGCAGTTTCACCTCACAA 3' 625 R, 5' GAACAGCCAACAAGTGCAGA 3' brain-derived neurotrophic factor bdnf NM_131595 F, 5' TCCTGCTGAATGGTCTCCTT 3' * 577 R, 5' GCTGTCACCCACTGGCTAAT 3' * F, 5' AGGAGTTGCTTGAGGTGGAA 3' 473 R, 5' CCGGCATTGCGAGTTATAGT 3' peptide YYa pyy NM_131016 F, 5' GTCATGCTGAAACCTTGGAC 3' 263 R, 5' CTTGATCTCTGTTTGTGCTCTG 3' BC162428 F, 5' TGTGTCTCGGGACATTTGTG 3' * 329 R, 5' CGGCGACTGGTTCTCATATAGT 3' * calbindin 2 calb2 BC059467 F, 5' TGCTGAAGAAAGCCAACAGA 3' * 483 R, 5' ATGCACACATCGAGAATCCA 3' * F, 5' AGCCTGTCCAGCTCAAAGAA 3' 585 R, 5' CAGTGTTGGCAAATCAGAACA 3' gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) gabra1 BC124697 F, 5' TGAGCAGAAGGACAACACCA 3' 502 A receptor, alpha 1 R, 5' TCGAGTCCAAACGTACACCA 3' F, 5' GAAGACTTCCCAATGGATGC 3' * 452 R, 5' TAACAGACGGCAATGAACCA 3' * glutamate decarboxylase 1 gad1 BC047851 F, 5' CAGCACCTTTGTGAGGTGAA 3' * 557 R, 5' CCAGCATCCTGAGGACATTT 3' * F, 5' AGGCCCTTAACTCTGTGCAA 3' 594 R, 5' GACGACCAACCAACAGAACA 3' glial fibrillary acidic gfap AF506734 F, 5' GGTCCATGAGGAGGAGATGA 3' 507 R, 5' TCCAGCAGCTTCCTGTAGGT 3' F, 5' AAGCAGGAGGCCAATGACTA 3' 400 R, 5' TTCGCACAACTATGCTCCTC 3' glycine receptor alphaZ4 subunit glra4b AJ308517 F, 5' GCCATTGACATCTGGATGG 3' 472 R, 5' CGTTGAATACGAGGAAGCTG 3' F, 5' CAGTTGGCCTCACAGAATCA 3' * 407 R, 5 TGTTGCACCGCTTCATAGAC 3' * parvalbumin isoform 2a pvalb5 AF467915 F, 5' AAGAACAGCCTCTGCATCGT 3' * 423 R, 5' CCTCGTTCTCATTTCAGCAAG 3' * F, 5' GGAATCCTGAAGCAAGACGA 3' 548 R, 5' AGAAGCCCTTCACTTGGAGA 3' chemokine ligand 12 cxcl AY577011 F, 5' CAGTGCGGATCTCTTCTTCA 3' 422 R, 5' TTAAGTGCTGGGTCAGCAAG 3' F, 5' ACCTGAAGAACGCCATCAAC 3' 479 R, 5' TCGTAGAACCGTCAATGCTG 3' early growth response 1 egr1 NM_131248 F, 5' TCCTCTTCCACGTCTTCCAT 3' 466 R, 5' TTGGCCGGTTAGGATACTTG 3' F, 5' CCAGATCAGAAACCCATCCA 3' 441 R, 5' CCGCATGTGGATCTTAGTGT 3' proteasome 26S subunit, psmd13 AY398402 F, 5' CCGAATACAGCCATCACCTT 3' 586 non-ATPase, 13 R, 5' GCCGAGTGAAAGTCATCTCC 3' F, 5' TTAGGTCTGGCTGGTCTGCT 3' 495 R, 5' TGCCATGTTCTTCACGTCTC 3'

* primers used in preparing the probes (template preparation using PCR amplification) Supplemental Table 2 Up-Regulated genes Biological Process Unigene Name Genbank ID Development Homeobox protein DBX1-A NM_131158 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor NM_131595 Zinc finger protein 703 AY026937 Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2b BQ131818 Fibronectin 1b BI707688 Connective tissue growth factor BE693178 Plexin D1 BI878456 Desmin NM_130963 Selenoprotein N, 1 AY221262 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12a BM184127 Transport Endoplasmic oxidoreductin-1-like protein BC053166 Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; phosphate carrier), member 25 BM777179 Npc1 protein BI705721 Immune response & Similar to complement C4-2 BI672168 Response to a stimulus Complement factor B NM_131338 Complement component 6 BI884211 Similar to complement C3-S AI477673 Heat shock protein, alpha-crystallin-related, 1 BI890996 Signal trasduction WD repeat domain 69 BM317335 Chordin NM_130973 Peptide YYa NM_131016 Neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor like AY092774 Vessel-specific 1 BM777868 Angiopoietin-like 7 BE202096 Membrane protein, palmitoylated 1 BI885282 DeltaC BG883428 Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator-like 1 BI890252 Membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 4 AW078034 Ras-related associated with diabetes AW116003 Si:rp71-39b20.7 BI879803 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a CA787635 Urotensin 2, alpha AY305004 Urotensin 1 BG306472 EH-domain containing 2 CD605644 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3b CD283300 Novel protein similar to vertebrate muscle derived protein (MDP77) AI397396 zgc:112145-similar human cAMP-dependent , regulatory subunit alpha 1 BM005429 Prepro-urotensin II-related peptide BM532745 Transcription Similar to CCAAT displacement protein (CDP) BI867269 NK3 homeobox 2 NM_178132 Neurogenin 3 NM_131815 No tail a NM_131162 Early growth response 1 NM_131248 V-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) BE605692 Interferon regulatory factor 9 BM095893 Novel protein similar to vertebrate B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6, member B BM183969 Cellular metabolic process Tripartite motif-containing 55b BM531770 Transglutaminase 2b AF242545 V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2 AY056465 Cathepsin L1, a AW154342 Cathepsin B, a BG985497 Cathepsin C BM181679 si:ch211-235e18.3 BI892316 Tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 amino acids AF486190 Argininosuccinate synthetase 1 AI957843 Cytochrome P450 CYP1C1 BG728978 Glutamic pyruvate transaminase (alanine aminotransferase) 2 BG883222 NK lysin-like protein AY184216 Other cellular process Clusterin AW077466 CASP8 and FADD-like regulator AF448261 Novel protein similar to claudin 11 BI672093 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 NM_173283 Cysteine rich protein 61 BI430409 Prickle-like 1 (Drosophila) a AY278986 Keratin-like BI846469

Down-Regulated genes Biological Process Unigene Name Genbank ID Development FEZ family zinc finger 2 NM_131636 Proteolipid protein 1a AL721391 Proteolipid protein 1b AY070263 Glycoprotein M6Ba AY070265 Proteolipid protein 1a AL715267 Forkhead box B1.1 NM_131283 Retinal homeobox gene 3 NM_131227 Keratin 15 BC044144 Keratin, type 1, gene 19d BQ092519 Amyloid beta (A4) precursor-like protein BM005446 Diencephalon/mesencephalon homeobox 1a AY071922 Gastrulation brain homeobox 1 NM_174861 Visual system homeobox 1 homolog, chx10-like NM_131333 Homeo box A5a NM_131540 Homeo box B5b NM_131537 Transport Fatty acid binding protein 7, brain, a NM_131605 Fatty acid binding protein 10, liver basic NM_152960 Fatty acid binding protein 2, intestinal AF541953 ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 1b polypeptide NM_131690 Neuroglobin NM_131853 Similar to synaptic vesicle protein 2B BM023670 Similar to Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 BM102182 zgc:103663 BI671077 Retinaldehyde binding protein 1, like BI879731 Lin-7 homolog A (C. elegans) BG308643 Immune response & Immunoglobin superfamily, member 21b BI430204 Response to a stimulus Similar to Heat shock 70 kDa protein 4L (Osmotic stress protein 94) BI863994 zgc:56548 AW826279 Phosducin 2 /// similar to Pdc2 protein BI880387 Signal trasduction Opsin 1 (cone pigments), short-wave-sensitive 1 BI879950 Opsin 1 (cone pigments), short-wave-sensitive 2 NM_131192 Opsin 1 (cone pigments), medium-wave-sensitive, 1 NM_131253 Guanine nucleotide binding protein (), alpha transducing activity polypeptide 2 NM_131869 SH2 domain containing 3Cb BC049321 Chimerin (chimaerin) 1 BC047837 Glutamate decarboxylase 1 BC047851 Endothelin receptor type A /// similar to endothelin receptor A AB057355 Similar to Gngt2 protein BG308636 Phosphodiesterase 6C, cGMP-specific, cone, alpha prime BG306392 zgc:92704 BM081210 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2a AF361752 Neurexophilin 1 BM072355 Similar to cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha BI863877 Novel protein similar to vertebrate syntaxin binding protein 1 (STXBP1) BI880135 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2b NM_131895 Glycine receptor, alpha 4b AJ308517 Transcription Hairy-related 4 NM_131090 Hairy-related 4.1 AL722543 hairy-related 4.2 BC049296 hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif-like AJ510222 Hairy and enhancer of split 5 (Drosophila) AY264404 Oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 NM_178100 Forkhead box G1 NM_131067 Protein atonal homolog 2-A NM_131816 Protein atonal homolog 2-B NM_131817 Sine oculis homeobox homolog 3b AB004881 RAR-related orphan receptor A, paralog b BC051158 Basic helix-loop-helix domain containing, class B, 5 BC053312 Similar to basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor AJ510221 Forkhead box O3A AL723363 Zinc finger, DHHC-type containing 2 BG305771 Cellular metabolic process N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor BC050490 Sarcolemma associated protein BC045462 Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein NM_131451 Similar to 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 2 BI879791 wu:fc28d04 AI545593 si:ch211-93f2.1 BQ450278 Lipid phosphate phosphatase-related protein type 1 BI892266 Globoside alpha-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1, like 1 BC052142 Pyruvate kinase, liver and RBC AI667249 Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase AI545537 Aldolase c, fructose-bisphosphate, like BM070521 Nucleoside diphosphate kinase BI879829 Sulfatase 2 BC045403 zgc:66268 BI476083 Dihydrodipicolinate synthase-like, mitochondrial BQ261437 Adenylate kinase 5 AW419478 Succinate-CoA ligase, GDP-forming, alpha subunit BM185009 Ca4a protein BM026599 Envoplakin AI397227 Other cellular process Ependymin NM_131005 CD99 antigen-like 2 AY078168 Glial fibrillary acidic protein AF506734 Calbindin 2, (calretinin) BG305287 Parvalbumin isoform 2a (parvalbumin 5) AF467915 p-value ld changes 0.027 2.69 0.041 2.96 0.022 2.15 0.043 2.73 0.011 3.10 0.027 2.11 0.043 2.96 0.027 2.25 0.025 2.24 0.048 2.22 0.026 3.10 0.042 2.21 0.020 2.30 0.042 2.31 0.037 3.39 0.025 3.00 0.025 3.24 0.020 2.41 0.038 2.05 0.038 6.26 0.026 3.15 0.022 2.89 0.022 2.23 0.042 2.06 0.025 2.60 0.031 3.66 0.043 2.39 0.031 3.38 0.026 2.75 0.045 2.22 0.033 2.40 0.027 2.54 0.045 3.58 0.038 2.22 0.042 4.51 0.025 2.75 0.031 2.01 0.026 2.90 0.042 2.15 0.036 2.16 0.009 13.45 0.042 2.42 0.022 4.25 0.021 2.12 0.026 2.26 0.006 2.45 0.045 2.02 0.025 2.29 0.043 2.10 0.025 2.24 0.017 2.25 0.042 2.31 0.007 3.33 0.021 13.85 0.021 2.08 0.025 3.68 0.045 2.47 0.041 7.82 0.004 3.21 0.038 2.88 0.020 2.79 0.042 4.25 0.049 2.03 0.044 2.48 0.006 2.84

p-value old changes 0.023 -3.92 0.045 -3.77 0.045 -2.80 0.037 -2.51 0.021 -8.47 0.031 -2.10 0.047 -4.33 0.021 -2.56 0.025 -3.15 0.031 -2.51 0.013 -2.00 0.007 -3.00 0.021 -6.51 0.020 -2.02 0.048 -2.07 0.015 -3.25 0.022 -7.56 0.032 -2.10 0.013 -4.21 0.027 -4.70 0.021 -2.32 0.042 -2.97 0.050 -3.54 0.003 -11.22 0.025 -2.22 0.013 -10.67 0.026 -2.06 0.044 -2.08 0.006 -2.37 0.047 -2.47 0.020 -33.45 0.023 -11.11 0.043 -2.39 0.039 -2.78 0.020 -2.18 0.025 -2.12 0.032 -2.70 0.048 -2.63 0.015 -2.33 0.016 -3.34 0.029 -2.47 0.049 -2.21 0.025 -2.16 0.031 -2.92 0.023 -2.36 0.025 -14.22 0.042 -14.26 0.021 -13.95 0.044 -3.65 0.036 -7.09 0.020 -2.54 0.021 -3.41 0.007 -2.44 0.019 -19.96 0.021 -7.78 0.047 -2.10 0.050 -2.26 0.025 -5.49 0.022 -2.56 0.025 -2.18 0.006 -2.24 0.041 -2.06 0.039 -3.13 0.047 -2.92 0.039 -2.10 0.027 -2.48 0.042 -2.22 0.009 -2.35 0.026 -5.90 0.023 -2.10 0.042 -2.68 0.048 -4.34 0.009 -4.24 0.018 -2.61 0.049 -4.06 0.015 -2.06 0.037 -2.53 0.022 -5.64 0.036 -2.96 0.023 -2.33 0.019 -29.16 0.043 -2.54 0.009 -6.27 0.013 -4.00 0.021 -2.28 Supplemental Table 3 Slope, efficiency, intercept and correlation coefficient output from qCalculator software β-act BDNF PYYa Gabra1 GAD1 Calb2 Pvalb GLR4 Slope -3.3219 -3.329 -3.295 -3.368 -3.415 -3.441 -3.478 -3.385 Efficiency 2.00 2.00 2.01 1.98 1.96 1.95 1.94 1.97 Efficiency (%) 100.00 100.00 100.50 99.00 98.00 97.50 97.00 98.50 Intercept 24.11 30.20 28.78 28.62 27.05 25.89 27.37 32.54 Correl. Coeff. 0.998 0.998 0.999 0.980 0.995 0.992 0.997 0.988

From CT values obtained by the standards serial dilutions, qPCR efficiencies of each GOI, slope of the curves and the correlation coefficient were estimated using the equation E=10[-1/slope],