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Collected Orations of Pope Pius II. Edited and Translated by Michael Von Cotta-Schönberg. Vol. 8: Orations 43-51 (1459-1459)

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Collected Orations of Pope Pius II. Edited and Translated by Michael Von Cotta-Schönberg. Vol. 8: Orations 43-51 (1459-1459) Collected Orations of Pope Pius II. Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg. Vol. 8: Orations 43-51 (1459-1459). 3rd version Michael Von Cotta-Schönberg To cite this version: Michael Von Cotta-Schönberg. Collected Orations of Pope Pius II. Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg. Vol. 8: Orations 43-51 (1459-1459). 3rd version. Scholars’ Press. 2019, 9786138918417. hal-01590769 HAL Id: hal-01590769 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01590769 Submitted on 17 Nov 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Collected Orations of Pope Pius II. Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg Vol. 8: Orations 43-51 (1459-1459) 3rd version 2019 1 Abstract Volume 8 of the Orations of Pope Pius II contains nine of the orations held by Pius II during the Congress in Mantua, summoned by the pope with the purpose of discussing a crusade against the Turks. Two of the orations are general addresses to the Congress: the two opening orations, the “Magna pars vestrum” and the remarkable “Cum bellum hodie, the others are responses to various ambassadors. Keywords Enea Silvio Piccolomini; Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini; Aenas Sylvius Piccolomini; Pope Pius II; Renaissance orations; Renaissance oratory; Renaissance rhetorics; 1459-1460; 15th century; Papacy; Declarations of obedience to the pope; Congress of Mantua; Wars against the Turks; Crusades against the Turks; Siena; Albrecht III Achilles of Brandenburg; Gregor Heimburg; France; Charles VII; Ferrante I; René d’Anjou Editor/translator Michael v. Cotta-Schönberg Mag. Art. (University of Copenhagen) Bachelier en Philosophie (Université de Louvain) Emeritus Deputy Director / The Royal Library, Copenhagen Emeritus University Librarian / University of Copenhagen ORCID identity: 000-0001-8499-4142 e-mail: [email protected] 2 Foreword In 2007, I undertook a project of publishing the Latin texts with English translations of the orations of Pope Pius II. Altogether 801 orations (including papal responses to ambassadorial addresses) are extant today, though more may still be held, unrecognized, in libraries and archives. At a later stage the project was expanded to include ambassadors’ orations to the pope, of which about 40 are presently known. I do not, actually, plan to publish further versions of the present volume, but I do reserve the option in case I – during my future studies - come across other manuscripts containing interesting versions of the oration or if important new research data on the subject matter are published, making it appropriate to modify or expand the present text. I shall much appreciate to be notified by readers who discover errors and problems in the text and translation or unrecognized quotations. 20 July 2019 MCS 1 81 orations, if the ”Cum animadverto” is counted is a Piccolomini-oration, see oration “Quam laetus”, Appendix 3 Table of volumes in Collected Orations of Pope Pius II. 12 vols. Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg. 1. General introduction 2. 1436-1444 (Orations 1-5) 3. 1445-1449 (Orations 6-13) 4. 1450-1453 (Orations 14-20) 5. 1454-1455 (Orations 21-25) 6. 1455-1457 (Orations 26-28) 7. 1458-1459 (Orations 29-42) 8. 1459-1459 (Orations 43-51) 9. 1459-1461 (Orations 52-63) 10. 1462-1464 (Orations 64-77) 11. 1454, 1459 (Orations 78-80). Orthographical profiles. Indices 12. Appendix: Ambassadors’ orations to Pope Pius II 4 Table of contents 43. Magna pars vestrum (1 June 1459, Mantua) 8 44. Fatemur insignes (24 September 1459, Mantua) 38 45. Cum bellum hodie (26 September 1459, Mantua) 56 46. Quamvis non sine magna (19 October 1459, Mantua) 220 47. Eruditissime (29 October 1459, Mantua) 252 48. Dilectissime (12 November 1459, Mantua) 252 49. Multa hic hodie (21 November 1459) 312 50. Britones hodie (26 November 1459) 398 51. Exposcebat haud dubie (1 December 1459, Mantua) 418 5 Abbreviations CO = Pius II: Commentarii rerum memorabilium quae suis temporibus contigerunt. [1464] HA = Eneas Silvius Piccolomini: Historia Austrialis. Teil 1: Einleitung von Martin Wagendorfer. 1. Redaktion ed. von Julia Knödler. Teil 2: 2./3, ed. Martin Wagendorfer. 2 vols. Hannover, 2009. (Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Scriptores Rerum Germanicarum. Nova Series; 24) HB = Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini: Historia Bohemica. Herausg. J. Hejnic & H. Rothe. 2 vols. Köln, 2005. (Bausteine zur slavischen Philologie und Kulturgeschichte. Neue Folge. Reihe B; 20) MA = Pius II: Orationes politicae et ecclesiasticae. Ed. Giovanni Domenico Mansi. 3 vols. Lucca: Benedini, 1755-1759 MPL = Migne, Jacques-Paul: Patrologia latina. 217 vols. 1841-1865 RTA = Deutsche Reichstagsakten WO = Der Briefwechsel des Eneas Silvius Piccolomini. Hrsg. von Rudolf Wolkan. 3 vols. Wien, 1909- 1918 Decretum = Decretum magistri Gratiani. Ed. Lipsiensis secunda. Eds. A.L. Richter & A. Friedberg. 2 vols. Leipzig, 1879 Epistolarium = Enee Silvii Piccolominei Epistolarium Secvlare. Ed. A. van Heck. Città del Vaticano, 2007 Rainaldus = Annales ecclesiastici ab anno MCXCVIII ubi Card. Baronius desinit. Auct. Odoricus Raynaldus. Tom. XVIII-XIX. Roma: Varesius, 1659-1663 Reject = Reject Aeneas, accept Pius : Selected letters of Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini (Pope Pius II). Intr. and transl. by T.M. Izbicki et al. Washington, D.C., 2006 6 7 (Collected Orations of Pope Pius II; 43) 8 Oration “Magna pars vestrum” of Pope Pius II (1 June 1459, Mantua). Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg 2019 9 Abstract Shortly after his coronation, Pope Pius II summoned the European rulers to a Congress in Mantua to discuss a joint military response to the Turkish invasion of Europe, a “crusade”. The congress was to open on 1 June 1459. On that date, very few participants had arrived in Mantua, and it was not known how many more would come. The pope gave a short oration to the envoys who were present, expressing his disappointment that so few had arrived on time, and the hope that more would come. Keywords Enea Silvio Piccolomini; Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini; Æneas Silvius Piccolomini; Pope Pius II; Papa Pio II; Renaissance orations; Congress of Mantua; Crusades against the Turks; 1459; 15th century; Renaissance rhetorics; Renaissance oratory 10 Table of contents I. INTRODUCTION 1. Context 2. Themes 3. Date, place, audience, and format 4. Text 4.1. Early Version: “Magna pars vestrum” 4.1.1. Manuscripts 4.1.2. Editions 4.2. Final Version: “Speravimus fratres” 4.2.1. Manuscripts 4.2.2. Editions and translations 4.3. Present edition 5. Sources 6. Bibliography 7. Sigla II. TEXT AND TRANSLATION 1. Early Version: “Magna pars vestrum” 2. Final Version: “Speravimus fratres” Appendix: Reply of the imperial ambassador, Johann Hinderbach 11 12 I. INTRODUCTION 13 1. Context1 Shortly after his coronation, Pope Pius II summoned the European rulers to a Congress in Mantua to discuss a joint military response to the Turkish invasion of Europe, a “crusade. 2 The congress was to open on 1 June 1459. But on that date, very few participants had arrived in Mantua and it was not known how many more would come.3 The pope gave a short oration to the envoys who were present. In his Commentarii, Pius wrote about the event: On the first of June, the day the congress was set to begin, the pope came out of the palace and went to church together with the cardinals, bishops, and all the clergy, as well as monks from every order in the city, whom he had also invited to attend. In solemn array they celebrated mass; everyone showed great devotion. Next, the bishop of Coron, a man of distinguished learning and character, delivered a speech setting out the pope’s objectives, the rationale for the congress, and the need for action. He urged those present to stand ready and willing to further the pope’s designs. Then as all were on the point of rising, Pius gestured for silence and spoke from the throne. [Here follows the text of the oration in the version “Speravimus”.] The cardinals and bishops listened to the pope with extraordinary attention and showered his sentiments with praise. He then offered absolution to all who made confession and duly cleared their consciences. It was reckoned that this was a good start to the project.4 In his De expeditione papae, Crivelli noted that the pope spoke “with misery in his eyes”.5 Pius’ contemporary biographer, Campano, wrote: 1 CO, III, 1 (Meserve, II, pp. 2-7); Crivelli, pp. 100-107; Rainaldus, ad ann. 1459, nr. 42; Ady, p. 166; Boulting, p. 264; Mitchell, p. 153; Pastor, II, pp. 43-44; Picotti, pp. 135-137; Reinhardt, p. 251-252; Setton, II, p. 204; Stolf, pp. 350-351; Voigt, IV, pp. 45-46 2 See oration “Ut apertum vobis” [29], Introduction 3 Picotti, p. 135 4 CO, II, 1 (Meserve, pp. 3, 6-7) 5 Crivelli, p. 101: miserabilibus oculis; Setton, II, p. 204 14 He explained the reasons for going to war against the Turks, and [seeing] how few of those who had promised to come to the Congress were actually present, he expressed his grief both over religion and Italy in a very sorrowful and mournful oration.1 The event is not mentioned by Pius’ other contemporary biographer Platina who otherwise took an unreasonably positive view of the whole Congress.2 2. Themes In the Early Version, the “Magna pars vestrum”, the pope simply stated his disappointment at the feeble attendance, but expressed his hope that more would come: As yet, only few of those invited have arrived.
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